CN103553834B - Method for preparing tremella cultivation material from tea cattail and tea seed shells - Google Patents
Method for preparing tremella cultivation material from tea cattail and tea seed shells Download PDFInfo
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- CN103553834B CN103553834B CN201310592006.8A CN201310592006A CN103553834B CN 103553834 B CN103553834 B CN 103553834B CN 201310592006 A CN201310592006 A CN 201310592006A CN 103553834 B CN103553834 B CN 103553834B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tremella cultivation material. The tremella cultivation material is characterized by comprising the main raw materials including tea cattail and tea seed shells, and the auxiliary materials including bran, soybean meal, calcium superphosphate, gypsum powder, cane sugar, monopotassium phosphate and magnesium sulfate, wherein the water content of the cultivation material is 63%-65%. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the cultivation material. The method has the advantages that by stacking fermentation and sunlight exposure, lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, pectic substances and other substances in the tea cattail and the tea seed shells are decomposed to simple substances, which can be easily absorbed by tremella hypha, so as to promote growth of the tremella hypha; the cultivation material is reasonable in matching and balanced in nutrition, tremella grows well, the fruiting aftereffect is sufficient, the yield is high and the biology efficiency of dried products reaches 11.0%-12.1%; a solution is provided for harmless treatment of the tea cattail and the tea seed shells, and a new matrix is found for tremella cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention utilizes tea Pu and tea seed episperm to make cultivating white fungus material, comprises the compatibility of planting material, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
White fungus has another name called Tremella, tremella, is the food medicine dual-purpose bacterium that China has long enjoyed a good reputation.Record according to Compendium of Material Medica, white fungus slightly sweet flavor, cool in nature, moistening lung enriching yin, reduces phlegm, and promotes the production of body fluid, cough-relieving blood, controls dry consumptive lung disease, convulsive seizure due to phlegm-fire coughs inverse, constipation due to dry stool, and display white fungus has splendid health functions.
White fungus belongs to wooden saprophytic microorganism type, and the nutrition source needed for it mainly contains Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen, starch etc.At present its artificial culture materials mainly wood chip, cotton seed hulls, bagasse etc., but along with the continuous expansion of cultivating white fungus area, these traditional culturing raw material are day by day in short supply, price continuous rise, and therefore each production unit is all attached great importance to and looked for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Oil tea is China distinctive woody edible oil material seeds, with Fructus oleae europaeae, oil palm, coconut be called the large traditional oil tree in the world four.China is the country that tea-oil tree yield is the highest, distribution is the widest, kind is maximum in the world.The oil tea cultivated area of China and tea seed output account for the whole world about 95%, and all the other 5% are distributed in minority Southeast Asian countries and regions.
Camellia oleifera fruit is spherical in shape, oblate, olive shape, diameter 3cm-4cm, and the thick and lignifying of fruit lobe, include seed (1-4 grain) i.e. tea seed, tea seed is dark brown or black, triangular shape, glossy.After testing, in camellia oleifera fruit, tea Pu (shell) accounts for 60%, and tea seed accounts for 40%; In tea seed, tea seed episperm (kind shell) accounts for 1/3, and tea seed kernel accounts for 2/3.The existing oil tea cultivated area in the whole nation reaches 4,000,000 hm
2produce camellia oleifera fruit per year and reach more than 560 ten thousand t, this will bring the oil-tea camellia husks of more than 300 ten thousand t, the tea seed episperm of more than 70 ten thousand t, so huge quantity, ratio for processing is also little, most tea Pu, tea seed episperm are used as fuel and are burnt, and the shell that these abandon, kind shell are after degradation, can pollute air, water source and ecotope.
Tea Pu, its moiety complexity of tea seed episperm, containing materials such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen.According to surveying and determination, in tea Pu, xylogen accounts for 43.35%, and carbohydrate accounts for 28.36%; In tea seed episperm, xylogen accounts for 52.10%, and carbohydrate accounts for 30.60%.These components above, can provide required carbon source for white fungus grows.But tea Pu, these two kinds of materials of tea seed episperm also containing the material such as tannin, grease, can suppress the growth of white fungus mycelia, therefore must effectively process, make these antibacterial substances be decomposed and volatilize.The method of process comprises: sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation etc.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind of cultivating white fungus material compatibility that is main raw material with tea Pu and tea seed episperm
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of cultivating white fungus material compatibility, has following component and quality proportioning: tea Pu bits 25%-35%, tea seed episperm bits 38%-48%, wheat bran 20%, analysis for soybean powder 3%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium primary phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.
Tea Pu bits, tea seed episperm bits: tea Pu is dried, be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm; Tea seed episperm dries, be ground into the particle of particle diameter 2mm-3mm; Tea Pu is considered to be worth doing, (pile high 1.8m-2.0m, pile wide 2.3m-2.5m, length is no less than 5m to the fermentation of tea seed episperm bits natural packing, frequent maintenance windrow is moistening, turning in every two months once, more than 8 months composting time), to eliminate the material harmful to white fungus mycelial growth such as tannin, grease etc. wherein.After composting terminates, tea Pu bits, tea seed episperm bits are dried, for subsequent use.
Wheat bran: the wheat cortex that wheat is separated in processing flour process.Wheat bran contains abundant enzyme system, protein, carbohydrate, VITAMIN and mineral substance etc.
Analysis for soybean powder: provide nitrogenous source, can make white fungus auricle look plump in vain, increase yield.
Terra alba: stablize planting material potential of hydrogen, increases calcium, sulphur nutritive ingredient.
Calcium superphosphate: be water soluble quick-acting phosphate fertilizer, provides phosphorus, sulphur nutritive ingredient.
Magnesium sulfate: be agricultural magnesium sulfate.There is provided magnesium fertilizer element, magnesium is the activator of many enzymes.
Potassium primary phosphate: be agricultural potassium primary phosphate, provides phosphorus, potassic fertilizer element.
The making method of planting material, comprises the steps:
1. shine material: be exposed to the sun raw material 2d-3d before spice, utilize ultraviolet to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make antibacterial substance decompose volatilization simultaneously;
2. prewet: tea Pu bits, tea seed episperm bits siccative are mixed thoroughly, adds water and prewet, pile vexed 1-2h, make the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
3. spice: wheat bran, analysis for soybean powder, calcium superphosphate, terra alba siccative are mixed thoroughly, admixes tea Pu bits, tea seed episperm considers to be worth doing in pre-wet feed; Sucrose, potassium primary phosphate, magnesium sulfate are first dissolved in the water, then admix in material equably, limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;
4. pack: the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder adopting folding length 12cm, length 55cm, thick 0.05mm, every bag of heavy 1.2kg-1.3kg of wet feed;
5. sterilizing, cooling: Bag Material is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C (after discharge cold air), keep 10h-12h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C.
Adopt four to select dozen cave method (one side at bag) and access white fungus bacterial classification (first being mixed with incense ashes mycelia by pure for white fungus mycelia), enter after inoculation and send out the bacterium stage, culturing room's temperature controls at 23 DEG C-25 DEG C, relative air humidity controls at 60%-70%, through a bacterium of 22d-24d, syrinx reason can be entered out.
The present invention for main raw material, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as wheat bran, analysis for soybean powder, calcium superphosphate, terra alba, sucrose, potassium primary phosphate, magnesium sulfate with tea Pu, tea seed episperm, makes cultivating white fungus material.Its advantage is: one is by sunlight exposure, heap fermentation, and the material decomposition such as the xylogen in tea Pu, tea seed episperm, Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin substance are the simple material being conducive to the absorption of white fungus mycelia, facilitate the growth of white fungus mycelia; Two is that culture utilization is reasonable, and balanced in nutrition, white fungus growing way is good, and fruiting reserve strength foot, output are high, and its biological efficiency reaches 11.0%-12.1%(dry product); Three be not only tea Pu, the harmless treatment of tea seed episperm provides a terms of settlement, also for cultivating white fungus have found a kind of new matrix.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, cultivating white fungus material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea Pu bits 25%, tea seed episperm bits 48%, wheat bran 20%, analysis for soybean powder 3%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium primary phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. shine material: be exposed to the sun raw material 3d before spice, utilize ultraviolet to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make antibacterial substance decompose volatilization simultaneously;
2. prewet: tea Pu bits, tea seed episperm bits siccative are mixed thoroughly, adds water and prewet, pile vexed 2h, make the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
3. spice: wheat bran, analysis for soybean powder, calcium superphosphate, terra alba siccative are mixed thoroughly, admixes tea Pu bits, tea seed episperm considers to be worth doing in pre-wet feed; Sucrose, potassium primary phosphate, magnesium sulfate are first dissolved in the water, then admix in material equably, limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;
4. pack: the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder adopting folding length 12cm, length 55cm, thick 0.05mm, every bag of heavy 1.2kg-1.3kg of wet feed;
5. sterilizing, cooling: Bag Material is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C (after discharge cold air), keep 10h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C.
Adopt four to select dozen cave method (one side at bag) and access white fungus bacterial classification (first being mixed with incense ashes mycelia by pure for white fungus mycelia), enter after inoculation and send out the bacterium stage, culturing room's temperature controls at 25 DEG C, and relative air humidity controls 60%, through a bacterium of 24d, enter out syrinx reason.Utilize the planting material cultivation white fungus of the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 12.1%.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, cultivating white fungus material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea Pu bits 30%, tea seed episperm bits 43%, wheat bran 20%, analysis for soybean powder 3%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium primary phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.Utilize the planting material cultivation white fungus of the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 11.6%.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, cultivating white fungus material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea Pu bits 35%, tea seed episperm bits 38%, wheat bran 20%, analysis for soybean powder 3%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium primary phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.Utilize the planting material cultivation white fungus of the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 11.0%.
The white fungus biological efficiency of table different modes planting material
Claims (2)
1. a cultivating white fungus material, is characterized in that:
(1) prepare burden: tea Pu bits 25%-35%, tea seed episperm bits 38%-48%, wheat bran 20%, analysis for soybean powder 3%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium primary phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
(2) tea Pu bits, tea seed episperm bits: tea Pu bits dry, are ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm for tea Pu, tea seed episperm bits dry, are ground into the particle of particle diameter 2mm-3mm for tea seed episperm, and tea Pu bits, tea seed episperm bits, have to pass through natural packing and ferment, pile high 1.8m-2.0m, pile wide 2.3m-2.5m, length is no less than 5m, often keeps windrow moistening, turning in every two months once, more than 8 months composting time, after composting terminates, tea Pu bits, tea seed episperm bits are dried;
(3) making method of planting material:
1. shine material: be exposed to the sun raw material 2d-3d before spice, utilize ultraviolet to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make antibacterial substance decompose volatilization simultaneously;
2. prewet: tea Pu bits, tea seed episperm bits siccative are mixed thoroughly, adds water and prewet, pile vexed 1-2h, make the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
3. spice: wheat bran, analysis for soybean powder, calcium superphosphate, terra alba siccative are mixed thoroughly, admixes tea Pu bits, tea seed episperm considers to be worth doing in pre-wet feed; Sucrose, potassium primary phosphate, magnesium sulfate are first dissolved in the water, then admix in material equably, limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;
4. pack: the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder adopting folding length 12cm, length 55cm, thick 0.05mm, every bag of heavy 1.2kg-1.3kg of wet feed;
5. sterilizing, cooling: Bag Material is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C, keep 10h-12h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C.
2. cultivating white fungus material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described wheat bran is the wheat cortex that wheat is separated in processing flour process.
3. cultivating white fungus material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that first pure for white fungus mycelia being mixed with incense ashes mycelia, then in the one side of bag, adopt four to select and beat cave method access white fungus bacterial classification, enter after inoculation and send out the bacterium stage, culturing room's temperature controls at 23 DEG C-25 DEG C, and relative air humidity controls at 60%-70%, through a bacterium of 22d-24d, syrinx reason can be entered out.
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CN104609984A (en) * | 2015-02-08 | 2015-05-13 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of tremella cultivation material |
CN104744130A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of tremella fuciformis cultivation material |
CN104725128A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-06-24 | 邬金梅 | Method for preparing tremella fuciformis cultivation material |
CN104725129A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-06-24 | 邬金梅 | Method for preparing tremella fuciformis cultivation material |
CN104945058A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-30 | 桂林健成生物科技开发有限公司 | Application of momordica grosvenori pomace to tremella cultivation |
CN107155635A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-15 | 福建古银生物技术有限公司 | A kind of method of utilization Chinese prescription directional cultivation white fungus |
CN107382592A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-11-24 | 福建信龙农产品开发有限公司 | A kind of white fungus matrix and preparation method thereof |
CN107382577A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-11-24 | 福建信龙农产品开发有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used to plant matrix of white fungus and preparation method thereof |
CN107488069A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-19 | 福建信龙农产品开发有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used to cultivate matrix of white fungus and preparation method thereof |
CN107473863A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-15 | 福建信龙农产品开发有限公司 | A kind of cultivating white fungus matrix and preparation method thereof |
CN107488070A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-19 | 福建信龙农产品开发有限公司 | A kind of white fungus planting matrix and preparation method thereof |
CN115517132A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2022-12-27 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Camellia oleifera and Thelephora angustifolia medium for culturing medicinal fungi |
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CN1032566C (en) * | 1991-04-11 | 1996-08-21 | 河北省农林科学院农业物理生理生化研究所 | White fungus strain culturing and planting method |
JPH0775442A (en) * | 1993-09-09 | 1995-03-20 | K F Eng Kk | Cultivation of mushroom mycelium |
CN101518191B (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2012-01-11 | 倪桂锋 | New method for cultivating white fungus |
CN102696401B (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2013-06-12 | 韶关学院 | Factorial method for cultivating white fungi |
CN103360158A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-10-23 | 邬金飞 | Formula and manufacturing method of black fungus culture material |
CN103355094B (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2016-04-20 | 重庆市中药研究院 | A kind of method utilizing ramulus mori to cultivate white fungus |
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