CN103360158A - Formula and manufacturing method of black fungus culture material - Google Patents
Formula and manufacturing method of black fungus culture material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103360158A CN103360158A CN2013102942775A CN201310294277A CN103360158A CN 103360158 A CN103360158 A CN 103360158A CN 2013102942775 A CN2013102942775 A CN 2013102942775A CN 201310294277 A CN201310294277 A CN 201310294277A CN 103360158 A CN103360158 A CN 103360158A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a black fungus culture material, which is characterized by using tea cattail and tea seed husk as main raw materials and bran, tea seed pulp and the like as auxiliary materials, and the water content of the culture material is 63-65%. The invention also relates to a manufacturing method of the culture material. Compared with the existing wood dust culture material, the invention has the following advantages: 1. the culture material has the advantages of reasonable matching of rough and thin materials, favorable air permeability of the bacterium material, high growth speed of the black fungus hypha, and shorter sackful time; 2. by using the natural pile fermentation, lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and the like in the tea cattail and tea seed husk are decomposed into simple substances which can be easily absorbed by the black fungus hypha, thereby enhancing the product yield and quality; and 3. the invention widens the culture raw material channel, and greatly lowers the production cost.
Description
Technical field
Content of the present invention comprises cultivation of auricularia auricula material compatibility, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to the fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Oil tea is China distinctive woody edible oil material seeds, with Fructus oleae europaeae, oil palm, coconut and be called the world's four large traditional oil trees.China is the country that oil tea output is the highest in the world, distribution is the widest, kind is maximum.The oil tea cultivated area of China and tea seed output account for the whole world about 95%, and all the other 5% are distributed in minority Southeast Asian countries and regions.
Camellia oleifera fruit is spherical in shape, oblate, olive shape, diameter 3cm-4cm, and the thick and lignifying of fruit lobe, including seed (1-4 grain) is tea seed, and tea seed is dark brown or black, and triangular shape is glossy.After testing, tea Pu (shell) accounts for 60% in the camellia oleifera fruit, and tea seed accounts for 40%; In the tea seed, tea seed shell (kind shell) accounts for 1/3, and tea seed kernel accounts for 2/3.The existing oil tea cultivated area in the whole nation reaches 4,000,000 hm
2Produce camellia oleifera fruit per year and reach more than 560 ten thousand t, this will bring oil-tea camellia husks, the tea seed shell of more than 70 ten thousand t, the 50000 t leached tea oil slags of more than 300 ten thousand t, so huge quantity is used for the ratio of processing also not quite, and most tea Pu, tea seed shell are used as fuel and are burnt, or be dropped, the leached tea oil slag bitter all goes out of use basically, and the shell that these abandon, plants shell, dregs of rice cake after degraded, can pollute atmosphere, water source and ecotope.
Tea Pu, its moiety complexity of tea seed shell contain the materials such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen, crude protein and tannin (polyphenol) class.After processing through heap fermentation, owing to having removed the objectionable impurities that affect the hypha of edible fungus growth, so suit the very much growth of wood rotting fungi of tea Pu, tea seed shell.
Black fungus is a kind of wood-decay fungi, has stronger decomposition xylogen, cellulosic ability.Edible mushrooms Main Cultivation raw material (cotton seed hulls, wood chip) increasingly the shortage today, if tea Pu, these waste wood matter substitution of resources woods material cultivating black fungus of tea seed shell, be not only this behave of falling of an Edible Fungi, but also be a circular agriculture and environmental protection cause behave.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material compatibility take tea Pu, tea seed shell, leached tea oil slag as raw material.
2, the making method of planting material.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material compatibility has following component and quality proportioning: tea Pu bits 34%-42%, tea seed shell bits 30%-38%, wheat bran 20%, leached tea oil slag 5%, light calcium carbonate 1%, lime powder 1%, calcium superphosphate 1% all is the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
Tea Pu bits, tea seed shell bits: the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm is dried, is ground into to the tea Pu; Tea seed shell dries, is ground into the particle of particle diameter 2mm-3mm; Tea Pu bits, the fermentation of tea seed shell bits natural packing (are piled high 2m, keep windrow moistening, turning in per two months once, the composting time is more than 8 months), to eliminate wherein tannin, grease etc. to the harmful material of hypha of edible fungus growth, after composting finishes, tea Pu bits, tea seed shell bits are dried, for subsequent use.Xylogen accounts for 43.35% in the tea Pu, and carbohydrate accounts for 28.36%; Xylogen accounts for 52.10% in the tea seed shell, and carbohydrate accounts for 30.60%.
Wheat bran: the wheat cortex that wheat separates in processing flour process.Contain abundant enzyme system, protein, carbohydrate, VITAMIN and mineral substance etc.
Leached tea oil slag: tea seed squeezes the slag that is left behind the tea oil.The robust fibre amount accounts for 9.4% in the leached tea oil slag, and crude protein quantity accounts for 25.8%.
Lime powder, light calcium carbonate: be commercially available product.Regulate, stablize the planting material potential of hydrogen.
The making method of planting material comprises the steps:
1. prewet: tea Pu bits, tea seed shell bits siccative are mixed thoroughly, with liming (lime powder is dissolved in the water) 2h that prewets, made the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
2. spice: first wheat bran, leached tea oil slag, light calcium carbonate, calcium superphosphate siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixed tea Pu bits, tea seed shell is considered to be worth doing in the pre-wet feed, then slowly adds water, the limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;
3. pack: adopt the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder of folding length 15cm, length 60cm, thick 0.05mm, bacterium rod standard is stock column length (45 ± 1) cm, bacterium rod weight (2.3 ± 0.1) kg;
4. sterilize, cool off: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, and (behind the discharging cold air) keeps 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Adopt play cave method (pocket keeps flat, and tow sides stagger) inoculation at 5, enter the bacterium stage of sending out after the inoculation, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 20 ℃-22 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 48d-52d, mycelia is covered with pocket, namely enters management of producing mushroom.
The present invention is aided with the auxiliary materials such as wheat bran, leached tea oil slag take tea Pu, tea seed shell as main raw material, makes the cultivation of auricularia auricula material.Compare with the cultivation on sawdust material, its advantage is: the one, and the collocation of planting material thickness is reasonable, bacterium material good permeability, black fungus mycelia fast growth, purseful time shorten; The 2nd, by the natural packing fermentation, the material decomposition such as the xylogen in tea Pu, the tea seed shell, Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin substance are to be conducive to the simple material that the black fungus mycelia absorbs, and have improved product production and quality; The 3rd, widened the culturing raw material channel, greatly reduce production cost.
Embodiment
Mode 1: the cultivation of auricularia auricula material comprises following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment: tea Pu bits 34%, tea seed shell bits 38%, wheat bran 20%, leached tea oil slag 5%, light calcium carbonate 1%, lime powder 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, all be the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. prewet: tea Pu bits, tea seed shell bits siccative are mixed thoroughly, with liming (lime powder is dissolved in the water) 2h that prewets, made the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
2. spice: first wheat bran, leached tea oil slag, light calcium carbonate, calcium superphosphate siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixed tea Pu bits, tea seed shell is considered to be worth doing in the pre-wet feed, then slowly adds water, the limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;
3. pack: adopt the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder of folding length 15cm, length 60cm, thick 0.05mm, bacterium rod standard is stock column length (45 ± 1) cm, bacterium rod weight (2.3 ± 0.1) kg;
4. sterilize, cool off: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, and (behind the discharging cold air) keeps 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Adopt play cave method (pocket keeps flat, and tow sides stagger) inoculation at 5, enter after the inoculation and send out the bacterium stage, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 20 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled at 65%, and through the cultivation of 51d, mycelia is covered with pocket, namely enters management of producing mushroom.
Utilize the planting material cultivating black fungus of the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 146.2%.
Mode 2: the cultivation of auricularia auricula material comprises following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment: tea Pu bits 38%, tea seed shell bits 34%, wheat bran 20%, leached tea oil slag 5%, light calcium carbonate 1%, lime powder 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, all be the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.Utilize the planting material cultivating black fungus of the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 144.6%.
Mode 3: the cultivation of auricularia auricula material comprises following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment: tea Pu bits 42%, tea seed shell bits 30%, wheat bran 20%, leached tea oil slag 5%, light calcium carbonate 1%, lime powder 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, all be the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.Utilize the planting material cultivating black fungus of the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 140.8%.
Mode 4 (control group): wood chip 78%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, sugar 1%, biological efficiency is 121.5%.
By following table as can be known, the tea Pu of used mode bits, tea seed shell planting material mycelia purseful fate shorten 4d-7d than control group, and its biological efficiency is all above control level, output increased 15%-20%.This is that reasonable ratio is conducive to the black fungus mycelia to the utilization of nutritive substance because planting material matrix nitrogen content is higher.
The planting material of table different modes is on the impact of black fungus biological efficiency
Claims (8)
1. a cultivation of auricularia auricula material is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: tea Pu bits 34%-42%, tea seed shell bits 30%-38%, wheat bran 20%, leached tea oil slag 5%, light calcium carbonate 1%, lime powder 1%, calcium superphosphate 1% all is the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
2. cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described tea Pu bits dry, are ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm for the tea Pu.
3. cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described tea seed shell bits dry, are ground into the particle of particle diameter 2mm-3mm for tea seed shell.
4. cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described tea Pu bits, tea seed shell bits, must (pile high 2m through the natural packing fermentation, keep windrow moistening, turning in per two months once, the composting time is more than 8 months), to eliminate wherein tannin, grease etc. to the harmful material of hypha of edible fungus growth, after composting finishes, tea Pu bits, tea seed shell bits are dried.
5. cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described wheat bran is the wheat cortex that wheat separates in processing flour process.
6. cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described leached tea oil slag is that tea seed squeezes the slag that is left behind the tea oil.
7. the making method of the cultivation of auricularia auricula material described in the claim 1-6 is characterized in that:
1. prewet: tea Pu bits, tea seed shell bits siccative are mixed thoroughly, with liming (lime powder is dissolved in the water) 2h that prewets, made the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
2. spice: first wheat bran, leached tea oil slag, light calcium carbonate, calcium superphosphate siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixed tea Pu bits, tea seed shell is considered to be worth doing in the pre-wet feed, then slowly adds water, the limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;
3. pack: adopt the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder of folding length 15cm, length 60cm, thick 0.05mm, bacterium rod standard is stock column length (45 ± 1) cm, bacterium rod weight (2.3 ± 0.1) kg;
4. sterilize, cool off: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, and (behind the discharging cold air) keeps 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
8. with the cultivation of auricularia auricula material described in the claim 1-7, it is characterized in that adopting beat the cave method (pocket keeps flat at 5, tow sides stagger) inoculation, enter the bacterium stage of sending out after the inoculation, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 20 ℃-22 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 48d-52d, mycelia is covered with pocket, just enters management of producing mushroom.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103553834A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-05 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing tremella cultivation material from tea cattail and tea seed shells |
| CN104557319A (en) * | 2015-01-25 | 2015-04-29 | 邬金飞 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104744140A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104744139A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104744138A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104909868A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-09-16 | 唐山市农业科学研究院 | Amorpha fruticosa scrap as main material for cultivation of black fungus |
| CN106578102A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-04-26 | 吉林农业大学 | Auricularia auricular mycelium pellet and peanut milk tea beverage and making method thereof |
| CN109275493A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-01-29 | 扶风绿保农业综合开发有限公司 | A kind of dried mushroom base-material production method |
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| CN102241546A (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2011-11-16 | 浙江大学 | Composition for cultivating high-quality black fungus and application thereof |
| CN102428833A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2012-05-02 | 丽水市林业科学研究院 | Method for cultivating black fungus by using camellia oleifera abel |
| CN102771338A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-11-14 | 湖北华饴木本油脂有限公司 | Oil tea tree seedling culture medium |
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN102241546A (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2011-11-16 | 浙江大学 | Composition for cultivating high-quality black fungus and application thereof |
| CN102428833A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2012-05-02 | 丽水市林业科学研究院 | Method for cultivating black fungus by using camellia oleifera abel |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103553834A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-05 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing tremella cultivation material from tea cattail and tea seed shells |
| CN104557319A (en) * | 2015-01-25 | 2015-04-29 | 邬金飞 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104744140A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104744139A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104744138A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104909868A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-09-16 | 唐山市农业科学研究院 | Amorpha fruticosa scrap as main material for cultivation of black fungus |
| CN106578102A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-04-26 | 吉林农业大学 | Auricularia auricular mycelium pellet and peanut milk tea beverage and making method thereof |
| CN109275493A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-01-29 | 扶风绿保农业综合开发有限公司 | A kind of dried mushroom base-material production method |
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Application publication date: 20131023 |