CN103483056B

CN103483056B - Grifola frondosa cultivation material formula and production method of cultivation material

Info

Publication number: CN103483056B
Application number: CN201310381197.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邬金飞; 林亚芬
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-08-16
Filing date: 2013-08-16
Publication date: 2015-03-11
Anticipated expiration: 2033-08-16
Also published as: CN103483056A

Abstract

The invention relates to a Grifola frondosa cultivation material. The Grifola frondosa cultivation material takes tea seed husks and tea cattail as main raw materials, and uses core cobs, bran, corn flour, camellia oil cake, humic mountain soil, gypsum powder, lime powder and the like as auxiliary materials, and the water content of the cultivation material is 63-65%. The invention also comprises a production method of the cultivation material. The Grifola frondosa cultivation material has the advantages that firstly, as the tea seed husks and the tea cattail are subjected to natural stacking and biological fermentation, toxic bacteriostatics are removed, and macromolecular substances are degraded, Grifola frondosa mycelium can easily absorb and grows vigorously; secondly, the cultivation material has reasonable formula proportion, good breathability of fungous materials, strong water-retaining property, high Grifola frondosa yield, and high biological efficiency up to 86.7-95.2%; thirdly, the cultivation material source is widened and the production cost is greatly reduced.

Description

The making method of a kind of Grifola frondosa culture material compatibility and this planting material

Technical field

Content of the present invention comprises Grifola frondosa culture material compatibility, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to fungus growing technique field.

Background technology

Grifola frondosa has another name called chestnut mushroom, polyporus frondosus, lotus flower bacterium etc., a kind of food of preciousness, medicinal fungus, the lotus flower that its sporophore likeness in form is in full bloom, fan-shaped cap is layer after layer, fresh and tender sporophore aromatic flavour, be rich in amino acid, polysaccharide and biologically active substance, there is the effect strengthening body immunity, prevention of various diseases.In recent years, as a kind of high-class healthy food, being in fashion the market such as Japan, Singapore, is one of main cultivated edible fungi kind of wideling popularize of the World Food Programme.

The wood-decay fungi of warm type, happiness light, oxygen consumption in ash tree Pittosporum, its artificial culture materials mostly are deciduous tree weed tree sawdust, cotton seed hulls etc. at present, but nowadays, " bacterium-Lin " contradiction, the price continuous rise of cotton seed hulls, cultivation cost is more and more higher, and therefore each production unit all attaches great importance to looking for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.

Oil tea is China distinctive woody edible oil material seeds, with Fructus oleae europaeae, oil palm, coconut be called the large traditional oil tree in the world four.China is the country that tea-oil tree yield is the highest, distribution is the widest, kind is maximum in the world.The oil tea cultivated area of China and tea seed output account for the whole world about 95%, and all the other 5% are distributed in minority Southeast Asian countries and regions.

Camellia oleifera fruit is spherical in shape, oblate, olive shape, diameter 3cm-4cm, and the thick and lignifying of fruit lobe, include seed (1-4 grain) i.e. tea seed, tea seed is dark brown or black, triangular shape, glossy.After testing, in camellia oleifera fruit, tea Pu (shell) accounts for 60%, and tea seed accounts for 40%; In tea seed, tea seed episperm (kind shell) accounts for 1/3, and tea seed kernel accounts for 2/3.The existing oil tea cultivated area in the whole nation reaches 4,000,000 hm ²produce camellia oleifera fruit per year and reach more than 560 ten thousand t, this will bring oil-tea camellia husks, the tea seed episperm of more than 70 ten thousand t, the 50000 t leached tea oil slags of more than 300 ten thousand t, so huge quantity, also little for the ratio of processing, most tea Pu, tea seed episperm are used as fuel and are burnt, or be dropped, leached tea oil slag bitter all goes out of use substantially, and the shell that these abandon, kind shell, dregs of rice cake are after degradation, can pollute air, water source and ecotope.

Tea Pu, its moiety of tea seed episperm are complicated, rich cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen, crude protein etc., these materials, to grow carbon source, the nitrogenous source providing required for Grifola frondosa.But it also containing tannin, grease, can suppress the growth of Grifola frondosa mycelia, therefore must effectively process, make these antibacterial substances be decomposed and volatilize.The method of process comprises: pile up ageing, biological fermentation etc.

Utilize tea Pu, these tankage of tea seed episperm substitute woods material cultivation Grifola frondosa, that is not only an Edible Fungi falls this behave, but also is a circular agriculture and environmental protection cause behave.

Summary of the invention

The present invention has following two aspects:

1, a kind of Grifola frondosa culture material compatibility that is main raw material with tea Pu, tea seed episperm

2, the making method of planting material

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A kind of Grifola frondosa culture material compatibility, there are following component and quality proportioning: tea seed episperm bits 40%-50%, tea Pu bits 10%-20%, corn cob 8%, wheat bran 15%, Semen Maydis powder 8%, leached tea oil slag 2%, soil ulmin mountain soil 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.

Tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits: tea seed episperm dries, be ground into the particle of particle diameter 2mm-3mm; Tea Pu is dried, be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm; Tea seed episperm is considered to be worth doing, tea Pu considers natural packing to be worth doing, biological fermentation (piles high 2m, keep windrow moistening, turning in every two months once, more than 8 months composting time), with the material that the tannin, grease etc. eliminated wherein are harmful to Grifola frondosa mycelial growth, after composting terminates, tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits are dried, for subsequent use.In tea seed episperm, xylogen accounts for 52.10%, and carbohydrate accounts for 30.60%; In tea Pu, xylogen accounts for 43.35%, and carbohydrate accounts for 28.36%.

Corn cob: through drying, being ground into the particle of corn grain size.Add corn cob and both improve planting material sugar and vitamin contents, in turn enhance water retention capacity.

Wheat bran: the wheat cortex that wheat is separated in processing flour process.Wheat bran contains abundant enzyme system, protein, carbohydrate, VITAMIN and mineral substance etc.

Semen Maydis powder: as available nutrient, for Grifola frondosa growth provides vitamin H etc., promotes that mycelia grows fast.

Leached tea oil slag: the slag that tea seed is remaining after squeezing tea oil.In leached tea oil slag, robust fibre amount accounts for 9.4%, and crude protein quantity accounts for 25.8%.

Soil ulmin mountain soil: have another name called mountain mud table soil, be dry branches and fallen leaves pile up for many years rot mutually to mix with soil, the leaf-humidified soil of self-assembling formation, containing abundant soil ulmin, loosen and breathe freely.Add containing soil ulmin mountain soil, ash tree flower primordium can be promoted to be formed and differentiation.

Lime powder, terra alba: regulate, stablize planting material potential of hydrogen, increase calcium, sulphur nutritive ingredient.

The making method of planting material, comprises the steps:

1. prewet: tea seed episperm is considered to be worth doing, tea Pu bits, corn cob siccative mixes thoroughly, to prewet 2h with liming (lime powder is dissolved in water), make the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;

2. spice: first wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, leached tea oil slag, soil ulmin mountain soil, terra alba siccative are mixed thoroughly, then join in the compound of having prewetted, then slowly add water, limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;

3. pack: employing specification is 17cm × 35cm × 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g, puts the collar after installing material, insert plastics stopper;

4. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C (after discharge cold air), keep 12h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C.

Planting material is after access bacterial classification, plastics stopper is changed into tampon, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 22 DEG C-24 DEG C, humid control is at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 32d-34d, mycelia covers with pocket, adopts outdoor cool canopy to take off bag earthing method and carries out management of producing mushroom.

The present invention for main raw material, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as corn cob, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, leached tea oil slag, soil ulmin mountain soil, terra alba, lime powder with tea seed episperm, tea Pu, makes Grifola frondosa culture material.Its advantage is: one be tea seed episperm, tea Pu through natural packing, biological fermentation process, both eliminated poisonous bacteriostatics, and made again macromolecular substance degrade, be conducive to the absorption of Grifola frondosa mycelia, mycelium growth vigor is vigorous; Two is that culture utilization is reasonable, and bacterium material good permeability, water-retentivity are strong, and Grifola frondosa output is high, and biological efficiency reaches 86.7%-95.2%; Three is widened culturing raw material channel, greatly reduces production cost.

Embodiment

Mode 1: in the present embodiment, Grifola frondosa culture material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea seed episperm bits 40%, tea Pu bits 20%, corn cob 8%, wheat bran 15%, Semen Maydis powder 8%, leached tea oil slag 2%, soil ulmin mountain soil 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.

Making method:

1. prewet: tea seed episperm is considered to be worth doing, tea Pu bits, corn cob siccative mixes thoroughly, to prewet 2h with liming (lime powder is dissolved in water), make the water content of mixture remain on 55%;

Plastics stopper, after access bacterial classification, is changed into tampon by planting material, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 24 DEG C, humid control 65%, through the cultivation of 32d, mycelia covers with pocket, adopts outdoor cool canopy to take off bag earthing method and carries out management of producing mushroom.

Mode 2: in the present embodiment, Grifola frondosa culture material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea seed episperm bits 45%, tea Pu bits 15%, corn cob 8%, wheat bran 15%, Semen Maydis powder 8%, leached tea oil slag 2%, soil ulmin mountain soil 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.

Mode 3: in the present embodiment, Grifola frondosa culture material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea seed episperm bits 50%, tea Pu bits 10%, corn cob 8%, wheat bran 15%, Semen Maydis powder 8%, leached tea oil slag 2%, soil ulmin mountain soil 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.

The planting material of table different modes is on the impact of Grifola frondosa biological efficiency

Claims

1. the making method of a Grifola frondosa culture material, it is characterized in that: described planting material is containing, for example lower component and quality proportioning: tea seed episperm bits 50%, tea Pu bits 10%, corn cob 8%, wheat bran 15%, Semen Maydis powder 8%, leached tea oil slag 2%, soil ulmin mountain soil 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described tea seed episperm bits dry, are ground into the particle of particle diameter 2mm-3mm for tea seed episperm; Described tea Pu bits dry, are ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm for tea Pu; Tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits have to pass through natural packing, biological fermentation, pile high 2m, keep windrow moistening, turning in every two months once, more than 8 months composting time, with the material that elimination tannin wherein, grease are harmful to Grifola frondosa mycelial growth, after composting terminates, tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits are dried; Described corn cob is through drying, being ground into the particle of corn grain size; The wheat cortex that described wheat bran is separated in processing flour process for wheat; Described leached tea oil slag is slag remaining after tea seed squeezes tea oil; Described soil ulmin mountain soil is mountain mud table soil, be dry branches and fallen leaves pile up for many years rot mutually to mix with soil, the leaf-humidified soil of self-assembling formation; The making method of described planting material is:

1. prewet: tea seed episperm is considered to be worth doing, tea Pu bits, corn cob siccative mixes thoroughly, to prewet 2h with liming, make the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;

4. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C, keep 12h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C;

After made planting material access bacterial classification, plastics stopper is changed into tampon, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 22 DEG C-24 DEG C, humid control is at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 32d-34d, mycelia covers with pocket, adopts outdoor cool canopy to take off bag earthing method and carries out management of producing mushroom.