CN104744122A - Preparation method of grifola frondosa cultivation material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a grifola frondosa cultivation material and relates to a technique of applying lentinus edodes stems to grifola frondosa cultivation. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method has the following advantages: firstly, a lentinus edodes stem extract is a purely natural nutrient solution and contains saccharides, amino acids, peptides, nucleic acids and microelements, and also rich types of biological hormones; the lentinus edodes stem residue also contains a large quantity of bioactive substances not extracted; the lentinus edodes stem soaked materials and cultivation raw materials are blended and composted for fermentation, and then the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms is promoted, the microbial flora in the material is improved and the catalytic decomposition of the cultivation material is accelerated; secondly, the fermented cultivation material contains high-activity beneficial bacteria and active metabolites thereof and has a promoting effect on the growth of grifola frondosa mycelia, and therefore, the mycelia grow vigorously and are high in infectious microbe resisting ability; thirdly, the resources such as manpower and coal can be saved, and the environmental pollution is reduced to conform to the low-carbon environment protection idea.

Description

A kind of making method of Grifola frondosa culture material

Technical field

The making method of a kind of Grifola frondosa culture material of the present invention, is mushroom tang is applied to the technology in Grifola frondosa cultivation, belongs to fungus growing technique field.

Background technology

Grifola frondosa has another name called chestnut mushroom, polyporus frondosus, lotus flower bacterium etc., a kind of food of preciousness, medicinal fungus, the lotus flower that its sporophore likeness in form is in full bloom, fan-shaped cap is layer after layer, fresh and tender sporophore aromatic flavour, be rich in amino acid, polysaccharide and biologically active substance, there is the effect strengthening body immunity, prevention of various diseases.In recent years, as a kind of high-class healthy food, being in fashion the market such as Japan, Singapore, is one of main cultivated edible fungi kind of wideling popularize of the World Food Programme.

The cultivating method that Grifola frondosa is traditional is grog cultivation, and planting material carries out inoculation culture after high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization, and now in material, the macromolecule organic such as Mierocrystalline cellulose has been degraded, miscellaneous bacteria in material is also killed, therefore, when planting material sends out bacterium, mycelial growth is fast, and living contaminants is few.But along with the significantly rise of the price of labour power and fuel price, grog cultivation cost increases severely, and high-temperature sterilization also causes the loss of planting material nutritive substance, causes biological transformation ratio to reduce simultaneously.

Mushroom is famous and precious edible one of the medicinal fungus of holding concurrently in the world, and current China mushroom production accounts for 70% of world's mushroom ultimate production, has the equal mushroom culture in the province of more than 70% in China.Because champignon stems stiffness of foot in children, content of cellulose are higher, palatability is poor, and therefore, mushroom is being eaten raw or in the course of processing, the tang of mushroom can remove as tankage by the producer, causes the mushroom tang accounting for mushroom weight about 30% to become waste.

Summary of the invention

For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention's mushroom tang soaks expects to mix and stir to carry out banking up with planting material to ferment, and do not add sterilant, sterilant during windrow, the planting material after fermentation directly packs inoculation, bacterium bag living contaminants is few, and the Grifola frondosa quality of producing is good, output is high.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A making method for Grifola frondosa culture material, comprises batching, fermentation, turning, pack, inoculation, sends out bacterium, concrete operation step:

(1) prepare burden: corn cob 46-54%, wood chip 30-38%, soya-bean cake 8-10%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 2.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described corn cob meal is broken into the particle of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described wood chip is the deciduous tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the tankage in the Lentnus edodes course of processing, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;

(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leach liquor is admixed in corn cob, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound together with champignon stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the culture material often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m ³, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;

(3) turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;

(4) pack, inoculate, send out bacterium: the planting material fermented is after heat radiation, load the polypropylene plastics pocket of 17cm × 35cm × 0.004cm, stamp and plant bacterium hole, and bag two ends and plant in bacterium hole and put into bacterial classification, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 18 DEG C-20 DEG C, humid control is at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 22-24d, mycelia covers with pocket, enters management of producing mushroom routinely.

Mushroom tang is applied to the method for Grifola frondosa cultivation by the present invention, and apart from outside explanation, other operation steps is all undertaken by this area routine techniques.

The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:

1. mushroom tang leach liquor is full-natural nutritive liquid, containing glucide, amino acid, peptide class, nucleic acid and trace element, bio-hormone also containing abundant species, also the biologically active substance do not leached in a large number is had in champignon stems slag, soak with mushroom tang and expect to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, promote beneficial microorganism breeding, improve the microorganism species in material, accelerate the catalytic decomposition of planting material;

2. the planting material after fermentation has high reactivity probiotics and active metabolite thereof, has accelerating effect, show as prosperous, the anti-miscellaneous bacteria ability of mycelium growth vigor strong to the growth of Grifola frondosa mycelia;

3. save the resource such as manpower, coal, decrease environmental pollution, meet low-carbon environment-friendly theory.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and what do not illustrate in detail in embodiment is all state of the art.

Embodiment 1: a kind of making method of Grifola frondosa culture material, comprises batching, fermentation, turning, pack, inoculation, sends out bacterium, concrete operation step:

1. prepare burden: corn cob 50%, wood chip 34%, soya-bean cake 9%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 2.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%;

2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leach liquor is admixed in corn cob, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound together with champignon stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the culture material often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m ³, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;

3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3 times, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;

4. pack, inoculate, send out bacterium: the planting material fermented is after heat radiation, load the polypropylene plastics pocket of 17cm × 35cm × 0.004cm, stamp and plant bacterium hole, and bag two ends and plant in bacterium hole and put into bacterial classification, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 18 DEG C-20 DEG C, humid control is at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 23d, mycelia covers with pocket, enters management of producing mushroom routinely.

Embodiment 2: a kind of making method of Grifola frondosa culture material, comprises batching, fermentation, turning, pack, inoculation, sends out bacterium, concrete operation step:

1. prepare burden: corn cob 50%, wood chip 34%, soya-bean cake 9%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 2.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%;

2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then the leach liquor after removing slag is admixed in corn cob, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the culture material often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m ³, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;

3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3 times, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;

4. pack, inoculate, send out bacterium: the planting material fermented is after heat radiation, load the polypropylene plastics pocket of 17cm × 35cm × 0.004cm, stamp and plant bacterium hole, and bag two ends and plant in bacterium hole and put into bacterial classification, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 18 DEG C-20 DEG C, humid control is at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 24d, mycelia covers with pocket, enters management of producing mushroom routinely.

Control group: Grifola frondosa grog is cultivated, concrete operation step:

1. prepare burden: corn cob 53%, wood chip 35%, soya-bean cake 10%, lime 1%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%;

2. spice: first corn cob, wood chip, soya-bean cake, lime, gypsum siccative are mixed thoroughly, then adding water stirs, makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;

3. pack, sterilizing: employing specification is the high-pressure polypropylene plastics bag charging of 17cm × 35cm × 0.005cm, carries out normal-pressure sterilization after pack, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C, keeps 10h-12h;

4. cool, inoculate: naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C and access bacterial classification, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 20 DEG C-22 DEG C, and humid control is at 60%-75%, and through the cultivation of 26d, mycelia covers with pocket, enters management of producing mushroom routinely.

Table one Grifola frondosa biological efficiency compares

As can be seen from Table I: the ferment effect utilizing mushroom tang leach liquor to add than single leach liquor together with the ferment effect that champignon stems slag adds is good, mycelial growth rate is fast, and bacterium bag pollution rate is low, and biological efficiency is high; Compared with control group, embodiment 1 all has obvious advantage in mycelial growth rate, anti-living contaminants and output.

Claims (1)

1. a making method for Grifola frondosa culture material, comprises batching, fermentation, turning, pack, inoculation, sends out bacterium, it is characterized in that:

(1) prepare burden: corn cob 46-54%, wood chip 30-38%, soya-bean cake 8-10%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 2.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described corn cob meal is broken into the particle of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described wood chip is the deciduous tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the tankage in the Lentnus edodes course of processing, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;

(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leach liquor is admixed in corn cob, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound together with champignon stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the culture material often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m ³, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;

(3) turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;

(4) pack, inoculate, send out bacterium: the planting material fermented is after heat radiation, load the polypropylene plastics pocket of 17cm × 35cm × 0.004cm, stamp and plant bacterium hole, and bag two ends and plant in bacterium hole and put into bacterial classification, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 18 DEG C-20 DEG C, humid control is at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 22-24d, mycelia covers with pocket, enters management of producing mushroom routinely.