CN103613431A - Method for making tremella fuciformis cultivation material by using pruned branches of Chinese chestnut, corn peel and Chinese chestnut hull - Google Patents
Method for making tremella fuciformis cultivation material by using pruned branches of Chinese chestnut, corn peel and Chinese chestnut hull Download PDFInfo
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- CN103613431A CN103613431A CN201310601924.2A CN201310601924A CN103613431A CN 103613431 A CN103613431 A CN 103613431A CN 201310601924 A CN201310601924 A CN 201310601924A CN 103613431 A CN103613431 A CN 103613431A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tremella fuciformis cultivation material which is characterized by comprising main materials including Chinese chestnut branch sawdust, corn peel sawdust and Chinese chestnut sawdust, and auxiliary materials including bran, soybean meal, urea, land plaster, cane sugar, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and the like, wherein the water content of the cultivation material is 63-65 percent. The invention further comprises a making method of the cultivation material. The tremella fuciformis cultivation material has the advantages that through sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation treatment, toxic bacteriostatics are removed, macromolecular substances are degraded into simple substances capable of being absorbed by tremella fuciformis, and the growth of tremella fuciformis hypha is promoted; secondly, the cultivation material is reasonable in proportioning, balanced in nutrition, good in tremella fuciformis growth vigour, sufficient in tremella fuciformis growing potential and high in yield, the biological efficiency reaches 11.8-12.5 percent (dried tremella fuciformis); and thirdly, a solution is provided for innocent treatment of the Chinese chestnut branch sawdust, the corn peel sawdust and the Chinese chestnut sawdust, and a new substrate is found for the cultivation of the tremella fuciformis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention utilizes Chinese chestnut Pruning Away Branches, luxuriant shell, chestnut shell to make cultivating white fungus material, comprises the compatibility of planting material, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
White fungus has another name called the food medicine dual-purpose bacterium that Tremella, tremella ，Shi China have long enjoyed a good reputation.According to < < Compendium of Materia Medica > >, record, white fungus slightly sweet flavor, cool in nature, moistening lung enriching yin, reduces phlegm, and promotes the production of body fluid, cough-relieving blood, control dry consumptive lung disease, convulsive seizure due to phlegm-fire and cough contraryly, constipation due to dry stool, shows that white fungus has splendid health functions.
White fungus belongs to wooden saprophytic microorganism type, and its required nutrition source mainly contains Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen, starch etc.Its artificial culture materials are mainly wood chip, cotton seed hulls, bagasse etc. at present, but the continuous expansion along with cultivating white fungus area, these traditional culturing raw material are day by day in short supply, price continuous rise, so each production unit is all attached great importance to and is looked for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Chinese chestnut tree is Fagaceae Castanea nuts plant, and its fruit is the famous Traditional Agricultural byproduct of China.China is the first big producing country of Chinese chestnut, and according to the statistics of Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO (FAO), to the end of the year in 2009, Chinese Chestnut cultivated area was 200,000 hm
2, ultimate production is about 1,090,000 t, accounts for 77% of Gross World Product.
In Chinese chestnut production and the course of processing, can produce three class wastes.The one, the branch producing after pruning.China's Chinese chestnut cultivated area is large, 700,000 tons of the branch Yue Keda that the pruning of annual Cong Li garden falls, however these branches are not reasonably utilized, and major part is used as fuel wood; The 2nd, shell, has another name called luxuriant shell, Li Peng, Li Pu shell, is the waste staying after collecting Chinese chestnut, general every 100 kg Chinese chestnuts just mean the dry luxuriant shell that has 60kg-90kg, and these luxuriant shells are drawn materials easily, enormous amount, but done fuel except minority, all the other are often arbitrarily abandoned or let alone rots; The 3rd, chestnut shell, plants skin for the pericarp of Li Jianguo, accounts for 10% of chestnut fruit weight, and chestnut shell is to produce in the Chinese chestnut course of processing, aboundresources and concentrating, but most of enterprise processes it as waste, both increased production cost, wastes again resource.
Chinese chestnut branch, texture of wood is tight, and in unit volume, content of lignin is high; Bud shell, contains higher nutritive substance, and according to surveying and determination, luxuriant shell is containing crude protein 8.78%, carbon 39.04%, nitrogen 1.348%; Chestnut shell, contains the compositions such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, xylogen, and wherein content of cellulose reaches 48%, and xylogen accounts for 28.5%.These components above, carbon source, the nitrogenous source that can grow and provide essential for white fungus.But chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, these three kinds of materials of chestnut shell also contain the materials such as tannin, wax, can suppress the growth of hypha of edible fungus, therefore must effectively process, make these antibacterial substances be decomposed and volatilize.The method of processing comprises: sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation etc.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind ofly take the cultivating white fungus material compatibility that Chinese chestnut Pruning Away Branches, luxuriant shell, chestnut shell be main raw material
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A cultivating white fungus material compatibility, has following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 35%-45%, luxuriant shell bits 13%-18%, chestnut shell bits 15%-20%, wheat bran 18%, analysis for soybean powder 5%, urea 1%, terra alba 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium primary phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.
Chestnut branch bits: dry, be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Bud shell bits: be exposed to the sun, be ground into the particle (preventing the long sack that punctures of luxuriant shell thorn) below particle diameter 3mm, be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Chestnut shell bits: be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm after the chestnut shell that fresh nothing is gone mouldy is exposed to the sun, be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Wheat bran: wheat is separated wheat cortex in processing flour process, and wheat bran contains abundant enzyme system, protein, carbohydrate, VITAMIN and mineral substance etc.
Analysis for soybean powder: as available nutrient, both promoted white fungus mycelia Fast Growth, and can make again white fungus auricle look plump in vain, and increased output.
Urea: nitrogenous source is provided.Suitable carbon-nitrogen ratio, contributes to microorganism fermentation to decompose, and improves the ferment effect of windrow.
Terra alba: stablize planting material potential of hydrogen, increase calcium, sulphur nutritive ingredient.
Potassium primary phosphate: be agricultural potassium primary phosphate, phosphorus, potassic fertilizer element are provided.
Magnesium sulfate: be agricultural magnesium sulfate.Magnesium fertilizer element is provided, and magnesium is the activator of many enzymes.
The making method of planting material, comprises the steps:
1. shine material: the 2d-3d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make antibacterial substance decompose volatilization simultaneously;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits siccative are mixed thoroughly, then water waters pouring, waits material to have thorough grasp after water, directly builds heap;
3. build heap: the compound of prewetting is piled to high 1.5m-1.8m, wide 2.3m-2.5m, the long trapezoidal heap that is no less than 5m, after simultaneously urea is water-soluble, sprinkle in material, pile up complete, the heap end, is while having a small amount of water to ooze out, show water yield optimum, finally cover straw mat and (before building heap or during turning, first in bottom, put two Mao bamboo tubes by its spontaneous fermentation, and every 1m, insert the waddy of a diameter 15cm, after building up heap, extract Mao bamboo tube and waddy out simultaneously, form the passage communicating up and down, increase the inside and outside gaseous interchange amount of stockpile, be conducive to expect that interior beneficial microorganism is movable, to improve fermented quality),
4. turning: turning interval time is 3,2,2,1 days, turning is 3 times altogether, time remaining 8d, during each turning, the material on side is ploughed under to heap center, during turning for the first time, add whole terra albas, during last turning, add whole wheat brans, analysis for soybean powder, after simultaneously sucrose, potassium primary phosphate, magnesium sulfate is water-soluble, sprinkle in pan feeding, while stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: adopt the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder of folding length 12cm, length 55cm, thick 0.05mm, every bag of heavy 1.2kg-1.3kg of wet feed;
6. sterilizing, cooling: Bag Material is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharge cold air), keeps 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Adopt four to select dozen cave method (in the one side of bag) access white fungus bacterial classification (first the pure mycelia of white fungus being mixed with incense ashes mycelia), after inoculation, enter the bacterium stage of sending out, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 23 ℃-25 ℃, relative air humidity is controlled at 60%-70%, the bacterium that sends out through 23d-25d, can enter out syrinx reason.
It is main raw material that chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are take in the present invention, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as wheat bran, analysis for soybean powder, urea, terra alba, sucrose, potassium primary phosphate, magnesium sulfate, makes cultivating white fungus material.Its advantage is: the one, by sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation, process, and both removed poisonous bacteriostatics, make again macromolecular substance be degraded to and be conducive to the simple material that white fungus mycelia absorbs, promoted the growth of white fungus mycelia; The 2nd, planting material reasonable ratio, balanced in nutrition, white fungus growing way is good, goes out ear reserve strength foot, output is high, its biological efficiency reaches 11.8%-12.5%(dry product); The 3rd, not only the harmless treatment for chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits provides a terms of settlement, also for cultivating white fungus has found a kind of new matrix.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, cultivating white fungus material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 35%, bud shell bits 18%, chestnut shell bits 20%, wheat bran 18%, analysis for soybean powder 5%, urea 1%, terra alba 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium primary phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, is all the quality of dry-matter, and proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. shine material: the 2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make antibacterial substance decompose volatilization simultaneously;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits siccative are mixed thoroughly, then water waters pouring, waits material to have thorough grasp after water, directly builds heap;
3. build heap: the compound of prewetting is piled to high 1.8m, wide 2.5m, the trapezoidal heap of long 5m, after simultaneously urea is water-soluble, sprinkle in material, pile up complete, the heap end, is while having a small amount of water to ooze out, show water yield optimum, finally covering straw mat (first puts two Mao bamboo tubes, and every 1m, inserts the waddy of a diameter 15cm, extract Mao bamboo tube and waddy out after building up heap simultaneously by its spontaneous fermentation in bottom before building heap or during turning, form the passage communicating up and down, increase the inside and outside gaseous interchange amount of stockpile, be conducive to expect that interior beneficial microorganism is movable, to improve fermented quality);
4. turning: turning interval time is 3,2,2,1 days, turning is 3 times altogether, time remaining 8d, during each turning, the material on side is ploughed under to heap center, during turning for the first time, add whole terra albas, during last turning, add whole wheat brans, analysis for soybean powder, after simultaneously sucrose, potassium primary phosphate, magnesium sulfate is water-soluble, sprinkle in pan feeding, while stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: adopt the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder of folding length 12cm, length 55cm, thick 0.05mm, every bag of heavy 1.2kg-1.3kg of wet feed;
6. sterilizing, cooling: Bag Material is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharge cold air), keeps 10h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Adopt four to select dozen cave method (in the one side of bag) access white fungus bacterial classification (first the pure mycelia of white fungus being mixed with incense ashes mycelia), after inoculation, enter and send out the bacterium stage, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 25 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled at 60%, the bacterium that sends out through 23d, enters out syrinx reason.The planting material cultivation white fungus that utilizes the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 11.8%.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, cultivating white fungus material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 40%, bud shell bits 15%, chestnut shell bits 18%, wheat bran 18%, analysis for soybean powder 5%, urea 1%, terra alba 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium primary phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, is all the quality of dry-matter, and proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.The planting material cultivation white fungus that utilizes the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 12.1%.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, cultivating white fungus material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 45%, bud shell bits 13%, chestnut shell bits 15%, wheat bran 18%, analysis for soybean powder 5%, urea 1%, terra alba 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium primary phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, is all the quality of dry-matter, and proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.The planting material cultivation white fungus that utilizes the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 12.5%.
The white fungus biological efficiency of table different modes planting material
Claims (7)
1. a cultivating white fungus material, is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 35%-45%, luxuriant shell bits 13%-18%, chestnut shell bits 15%-20%, wheat bran 18%, analysis for soybean powder 5%, urea 1%, terra alba 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium primary phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.
2. a kind of cultivating white fungus material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described chestnut branch bits are the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, dries and is deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
3. a kind of cultivating white fungus material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described luxuriant shell bits, for the particle below particle diameter 3mm, are deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year after being exposed to the sun, pulverizing.
4. a kind of cultivating white fungus material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described chestnut shell bits are the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, is deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year after being exposed to the sun, pulverizing.
5. cultivating white fungus material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described wheat bran is wheat separated wheat cortex in processing flour process.
6. a making method for the cultivating white fungus material described in claim 1-5, is characterized in that:
1. shine material: the 2d-3d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make antibacterial substance decompose volatilization simultaneously;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits siccative are mixed thoroughly, then water waters pouring, waits material to have thorough grasp after water, directly builds heap;
3. build heap: the compound of prewetting is piled to high 1.5m-1.8m, wide 2.3m-2.5m, the long trapezoidal heap that is no less than 5m, after simultaneously urea is water-soluble, sprinkle in material, pile up complete, the heap end, is while having a small amount of water to ooze out, show water yield optimum, finally cover straw mat and (before building heap or during turning, first in bottom, put two Mao bamboo tubes by its spontaneous fermentation, and every 1m, insert the waddy of a diameter 15cm, after building up heap, extract Mao bamboo tube and waddy out simultaneously, form the passage communicating up and down, increase the inside and outside gaseous interchange amount of stockpile, be conducive to expect that interior beneficial microorganism is movable, to improve fermented quality),
4. turning: turning interval time is 3,2,2,1 days, turning is 3 times altogether, time remaining 8d, during each turning, the material on side is ploughed under to heap center, during turning for the first time, add whole terra albas, during last turning, add whole wheat brans, analysis for soybean powder, after simultaneously sucrose, potassium primary phosphate, magnesium sulfate is water-soluble, sprinkle in pan feeding, while stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: adopt the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder of folding length 12cm, length 55cm, thick 0.05mm, every bag of heavy 1.2kg-1.3kg of wet feed;
6. sterilizing, cooling: Bag Material is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharge cold air), keeps 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
7. utilize the cultivating white fungus material described in claim 1-6, it is characterized in that adopting four to select dozen cave method (in the one side of bag) access white fungus bacterial classification (first the pure mycelia of white fungus being mixed with incense ashes mycelia), after inoculation, enter the bacterium stage of sending out, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 23 ℃-25 ℃, relative air humidity is controlled at 60%-70%, the bacterium that sends out through 23d-25d, can enter out syrinx reason.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104109000A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-22 | 赵跃胜 | Substrate material for plantation of tremella and processing method thereof |
| CN104521572A (en) * | 2015-02-08 | 2015-04-22 | 邬方成 | Tremella cultivating method |
| CN104609984A (en) * | 2015-02-08 | 2015-05-13 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of tremella cultivation material |
| CN104725129A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-06-24 | 邬金梅 | Method for preparing tremella fuciformis cultivation material |
| CN104725128A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-06-24 | 邬金梅 | Method for preparing tremella fuciformis cultivation material |
| CN104744130A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of tremella fuciformis cultivation material |
| CN105272473A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-01-27 | 福建嘉田农业开发有限公司 | Formula and method for cultivating tremella through pleurotus eryngii waste substrates |
| CN106416740A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2017-02-22 | 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 | Use of fruit skins and pruned branches and tendrils of Passiflora edulia in big clitocybe cultivation |
| CN106416739A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2017-02-22 | 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 | Use of fruit skins and pruned branches and tendrils of Passiflora edulia in Oudemansiella radicata cultivation |
| CN106416737A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2017-02-22 | 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 | Use of fruit skins and pruned branches and tendrils of Passiflora edulia in Lentinus edodes cultivation |
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| CN104109000A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-22 | 赵跃胜 | Substrate material for plantation of tremella and processing method thereof |
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| CN106416739A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2017-02-22 | 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 | Use of fruit skins and pruned branches and tendrils of Passiflora edulia in Oudemansiella radicata cultivation |
| CN106416737A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2017-02-22 | 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 | Use of fruit skins and pruned branches and tendrils of Passiflora edulia in Lentinus edodes cultivation |
| CN105272473A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-01-27 | 福建嘉田农业开发有限公司 | Formula and method for cultivating tremella through pleurotus eryngii waste substrates |
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