CN104521572A - Tremella cultivating method - Google Patents
Tremella cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104521572A CN104521572A CN201510062999.7A CN201510062999A CN104521572A CN 104521572 A CN104521572 A CN 104521572A CN 201510062999 A CN201510062999 A CN 201510062999A CN 104521572 A CN104521572 A CN 104521572A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tremella cultivating method, namely a technology in which a mushroom stems and roots are applied to tremella cultivation. Compared with the prior art, the tremella cultivating method has the advantages that firstly a mushroom stem and root soaking material and a cultivation raw material are mixed, piling and fermentation are carried out, beneficial microorganism propagation is promoted, microbial flora in the raw materials is improved, and catalytic decomposition of a cultivation material is accelerated; secondly the fermented cultivation material contains high-activity beneficial bacteria and active metabolites produced by the beneficial bacterial, the effect of accelerating growth of tremella hypha and cohabitant fungus hypha is realized, and vigorous hypha growth and strong infectious microbe resisting capability are shown; thirdly after a first batch of tremella is harvested, a good hypha rejuvenating effect can be realized by adopting mushroom stem and root leachate, the effect of promoting formation of tremella bases and growth of tremella is realized, and the yield can be obviously increased; and fourthly, resources such as manpower and coal are saved, environmental pollution is reduced, and low carbon and environmental protection concepts can be realized.
Description
Technical field
A kind of cultivating white fungus method of the present invention, is the technology be applied to by mushroom tang in cultivating white fungus, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
White fungus has another name called tremella, tremella, is the food medicine dual-purpose bacterium that China has long enjoyed a good reputation.Record according to Compendium of Material Medica, white fungus slightly sweet flavor, cool in nature, moistening lung enriching yin, reduces phlegm, and promotes the production of body fluid, cough-relieving blood, controls dry consumptive lung disease, convulsive seizure due to phlegm-fire coughs inverse, dry feces, and display white fungus has splendid health functions.
The traditional cultivation method of white fungus is cured material bag-cultured, and planting material carries out inoculated and cultured after high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization, and the contour molecular organic material of the cellulose now in material is degraded, miscellaneous bacteria in material is also killed, therefore, when planting material sends out bacterium, mycelial growth is fast, and living contaminants is few.But along with the significantly rise of the price of labour power and fuel price, grog cultivation cost increases severely, and high-temperature sterilization also causes the loss of planting material nutriment, causes planting material conversion ratio to reduce simultaneously.
Mushroom is famous and precious edible one of the medicinal fungus of holding concurrently in the world, and current China mushroom production accounts for 70% of world's mushroom gross yield, has the equal mushroom culture in the province of more than 70% in China.Because mushroom stems stiffness of foot in children, content of cellulose are higher, palatability is poor, and therefore, mushroom is being eaten raw or in process, the tang of mushroom can remove as offcuts by the producer, causes the mushroom tang accounting for mushroom weight about 30% to become discarded object.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention adds the immersion of mushroom tang and expects to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, and do not add insecticide, bactericide during windrow, the planting material after fermentation is directly taped against ridge-up bed cultivation, and the white fungus quality of producing is good, output is high.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of cultivating white fungus method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, hair bacterium, goes out syrinx and manage, concrete operation step:
(1) prepare burden: wood chip 72-80%, soya-bean cake 14-18%, mushroom tang 4-5%, lime 2%, gypsum 1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment, make the bed, sow, send out bacterium: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in wood chip, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation, after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime, gypsum during first time turning, during last turning, add potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented is after heat radiation, directly be taped against ridge-up bed sowing and send out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, proceed to out syrinx reason;
(3) go out syrinx reason: after the first damp ear is gathered, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml in ear bed, every square metre is sprayed 4-6kg, with rejuvenation mycelia comprehensively; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
Mushroom tang is applied to the method for cultivating white fungus by the present invention, and apart from outside explanation, other operating procedure is all undertaken by this area routine techniques.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
1. mushroom tang leachate is full-natural nutritive liquid, containing glucide, amino acid, peptide class, nucleic acid and trace element, bio-hormone also containing abundant species, also the bioactivator do not leached in a large number is had in mushroom stems slag, add and expect to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment with the immersion of mushroom tang, promote beneficial microbe breeding, improve the microorganism species in material, accelerate the catalytic decomposition of planting material;
2. the planting material after fermentation has high activity beneficial bacterium and active metabolite thereof, has Promotive effect, show as prosperous, the anti-miscellaneous bacteria ability of mycelium growth vigor strong to the growth of white fungus mycelia and incense ashes mycelia;
3. after the first damp ear is gathered, effective with mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, there is facilitation to the formation of Tremella base site and the growth of auricle, can output be significantly improved;
4. save the resource such as manpower, coal, decrease environmental pollution, meet low-carbon environment-friendly theory.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and what do not illustrate in detail in embodiment is all state of the art.
Embodiment 1: a kind of cultivating white fungus method, comprise batching, ferment, make the bed, sow, hair bacterium, go out syrinx reason, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: wood chip 76%, soya-bean cake 16%, mushroom tang 4.5%, lime 2%, gypsum 1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in wood chip through prewetting, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then turning is carried out, and turning every day later once, add lime, gypsum during first time turning, during last turning, add potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, proceeds to out syrinx reason;
5. syrinx reason is gone out: after having adopted the first damp ear, the mushroom tang leachate of 0.015g/ml is sprayed in ear bed, every square metre is sprayed 5kg, by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, go out ear effective, the biological efficiency (dry product meter) of the second damp ear reaches 4.9%, and total biological efficiency (dry product meter) reaches 14.5%.
Embodiment 2: a kind of cultivating white fungus method, comprise batching, ferment, make the bed, sow, hair bacterium, go out syrinx reason, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: wood chip 76%, soya-bean cake 16%, mushroom tang 4.5%, lime 2%, gypsum 1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in wood chip through prewetting, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then turning is carried out, and turning every day later once, add lime, gypsum during first time turning, during last turning, add potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, proceeds to out syrinx reason;
5. go out syrinx reason: after having adopted the first damp ear, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 5kg, the biological efficiency (dry product meter) of the second damp ear is 2.7%, and total biological efficiency (dry product meter) is 12.3%.
Embodiment 3: a kind of cultivating white fungus method, comprise batching, ferment, make the bed, sow, hair bacterium, go out syrinx reason, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: wood chip 76%, soya-bean cake 16%, mushroom tang 4.5%, lime 2%, gypsum 1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then the leachate after removing slag is admixed uniformly in the wood chip through prewetting, soya-bean cake compound, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then turning is carried out, and turning every day later once, add lime, gypsum during first time turning, during last turning, add potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, proceeds to out syrinx reason;
5. syrinx reason is gone out: after having adopted the first damp ear, the mushroom tang leachate of 0.015g/ml is sprayed in ear bed, every square metre is sprayed 5kg, by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, go out ear effective, the biological efficiency (dry product meter) of the second damp ear reaches 4.6%, and total biological efficiency (dry product meter) reaches 14.2%.
Embodiment 4: a kind of cultivating white fungus method, comprise batching, ferment, make the bed, sow, hair bacterium, go out syrinx reason, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: wood chip 76%, soya-bean cake 16%, mushroom tang 4.5%, lime 2%, gypsum 1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then the leachate after removing slag is admixed uniformly in the wood chip through prewetting, soya-bean cake compound, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then turning is carried out, and turning every day later once, add lime, gypsum during first time turning, during last turning, add potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, proceeds to out syrinx reason;
5. go out syrinx reason: after having adopted the first damp ear, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 5kg, the biological efficiency (dry product meter) of the second damp ear is 2.5%, and total biological efficiency (dry product meter) is 12.1%.
table one white fungus biological efficiency compares
As can be seen from Table I: the ferment effect utilizing mushroom tang leachate to add than single leachate together with the ferment effect that mushroom stems slag adds is good, and output is high; The effect of rejuvenation of leachate to white fungus mycelia and incense ashes mycelia is good, and the second damp ear biological efficiency is high, obvious effect of increasing production.
Claims (1)
1. a cultivating white fungus method, comprise batching, ferment, make the bed, sow, hair bacterium, go out syrinx reason, it is characterized in that:
(1) prepare burden: wood chip 72-80%, soya-bean cake 14-18%, mushroom tang 4-5%, lime 2%, gypsum 1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment, make the bed, sow, send out bacterium: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in wood chip, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation, after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime, gypsum during first time turning, during last turning, add potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented is after heat radiation, directly be taped against ridge-up bed sowing and send out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, proceed to out syrinx reason;
(3) go out syrinx reason: after the first damp ear is gathered, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml in ear bed, every square metre is sprayed 4-6kg, with rejuvenation mycelia comprehensively; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105009936A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-04 | 广西巴马原生长寿食品有限公司 | Cultivation method of tremella |
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