CN104737799A - Auricularia polytricha cultivating method - Google Patents
Auricularia polytricha cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104737799A CN104737799A CN201510118512.2A CN201510118512A CN104737799A CN 104737799 A CN104737799 A CN 104737799A CN 201510118512 A CN201510118512 A CN 201510118512A CN 104737799 A CN104737799 A CN 104737799A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an auricularia polytricha cultivating method. The auricularia polytricha cultivating method is one technology to apply lentinula edodes stem to the auricularia polytricha cultivating. Compared with the prior art, the auricularia polytricha cultivating method has the advantages that firstly the lentinula edodes stem immersing materials and cultivating raw materials are blended to conduct pilling fermentation, beneficial microorganism reproduction is promoted, microbial flora in the materials are improved, and catalytic decomposition of the cultivating materials are accelerated; secondly, the cultivating materials after being fermented have high-activity beneficial bacterium and active metabolite of the high-activity beneficial bacterium which have a facilitating effect on the growth of the auricularia polytricha hyphae, and the performance is that the growth of the hyphae is good and the anti-infectious microbe ability is high; thirdly, when the secondly harvest auricularia polytricha and the thirdly harvest auricularia polytricha are harvested, the rejuvenation effect with the lentinula edodes stem leaching fluid on the hyphae is good, an promotion role is conducted on the form of the ear foundation of the auricularia polytricha and the growth of the auricle, and the biological efficiency of the third harvest and fourth harvest auricularia polytricha is high; fourthly, resources such as human power and coal are saved, and environmental pollution is reduced; the auricularia polytricha cultivating method conforms to the idea of low-carbon environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
A kind of Uricularia polytricha cultivation method of the present invention, is mushroom tang is applied to the technology in Uricularia polytricha cultivation, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Uricularia polytricha quality is tender and crisp, and containing higher carbohydrate, protein, multivitamin and each seed amino acid, nutritious, delicious flavour, is called as " umbrella of jellyfish on tree ".
The traditional cultivation method of Uricularia polytricha is cured material bag-cultured, and planting material carries out inoculated and cultured after high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization, and the contour molecular organic material of the cellulose now in material is degraded, miscellaneous bacteria in material is also killed, therefore, when planting material sends out bacterium, mycelial growth is fast, and living contaminants is few.But along with the significantly rise of the price of labour power and fuel price, grog cultivation cost increases severely, and high-temperature sterilization also causes the loss of planting material nutriment, causes biological transformation ratio to reduce simultaneously.
Mushroom is famous and precious edible one of the medicinal fungus of holding concurrently in the world, and current China mushroom production accounts for 70% of world's mushroom gross yield, has the equal mushroom culture in the province of more than 70% in China.Because mushroom stems stiffness of foot in children, content of cellulose are higher, palatability is poor, and therefore, mushroom is being eaten raw or in process, the tang of mushroom can remove as offcuts by the producer, causes the mushroom tang accounting for mushroom weight about 30% to become discarded object.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention's mushroom tang soaks expects to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, and do not add insecticide, bactericide during windrow, the planting material after fermentation is directly taped against ridge-up bed cultivation, and the Uricularia polytricha quality of producing is good, output is high.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of Uricularia polytricha cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, hair bacterium, earthing, goes out syrinx and manage, concrete operation step:
(1) prepare burden: corncob 42-48%, wood chip 32-38%, soya-bean cake 11-13%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 3-4%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described maize cob meal is broken into the particle of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in corncob, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
(3) turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
(4) make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, covers the loam of grogs diameter 0.5-1.0cm, thickness 1-1.5cm, carries out syrinx reason;
(5) go out syrinx reason: after the second damp ear, the 3rd damp ear are gathered, depending on mycelial growth situation, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml in ear bed, every square metre is sprayed 4-6kg, with rejuvenation mycelia comprehensively; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
Mushroom tang is applied to the method for Uricularia polytricha cultivation by the present invention, and apart from outside explanation, other operating procedure is all undertaken by this area routine techniques.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
1. mushroom tang leachate is full-natural nutritive liquid, containing glucide, amino acid, peptide class, nucleic acid and trace element, bio-hormone also containing abundant species, also the bioactivator do not leached in a large number is had in mushroom stems slag, soak with mushroom tang and expect to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, promote beneficial microbe breeding, improve the microorganism species in material, accelerate the catalytic decomposition of planting material;
2. the planting material after fermentation has high activity beneficial bacterium and active metabolite thereof, has Promotive effect, show as prosperous, the anti-miscellaneous bacteria ability of mycelium growth vigor strong to the growth of Uricularia polytricha mycelia;
3., after the second damp ear, the 3rd damp ear are gathered, effective with mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, have facilitation to the formation of Uricularia polytricha ear base and the growth of auricle, the biological transformation ratio of third and fourth damp ear is high;
4. save the resource such as manpower, coal, decrease environmental pollution, meet low-carbon environment-friendly theory.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and what do not illustrate in detail in embodiment is all state of the art.
Embodiment 1: a kind of Uricularia polytricha cultivation method, comprise batching, ferment, make the bed, sow, hair bacterium, earthing, go out syrinx reason, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: corncob 45%, wood chip 35%, soya-bean cake 12%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in corncob through prewetting, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3 times, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, covers the loam of grogs diameter 0.5-1.0cm, thickness 1-1.5cm, carries out syrinx reason;
5. go out syrinx reason: after having adopted the second damp ear, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01g/ml in ear bed, every square metre is sprayed 4kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp ear, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.018g/ml, every square metre is sprayed 5kg, by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, go out ear effective, the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp ear reaches 106.5%, and total biological efficiency reaches 220.6%.
Embodiment 2: a kind of Uricularia polytricha cultivation method, comprise batching, ferment, make the bed, sow, hair bacterium, earthing, go out syrinx reason, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: corncob 45%, wood chip 35%, soya-bean cake 12%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in corncob through prewetting, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3 times, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, covers the loam of grogs diameter 0.5-1.0cm, thickness 1-1.5cm, carries out syrinx reason;
5. go out syrinx reason: after having adopted the second damp ear, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 4kg, after having adopted the second damp ear, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 5kg, the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp ear has been 82.4%, and total biological efficiency is 196.5%.
Embodiment 3: a kind of Uricularia polytricha cultivation method, comprise batching, ferment, make the bed, sow, hair bacterium, earthing, go out syrinx reason, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: corncob 45%, wood chip 35%, soya-bean cake 12%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then the leachate after removing slag is admixed uniformly in the corncob through prewetting, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3 times, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, covers the loam of grogs diameter 0.5-1.0cm, thickness 1-1.5cm, carries out syrinx reason;
5. go out syrinx reason: after having adopted the second damp ear, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01g/ml in ear bed, every square metre is sprayed 4kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp ear, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.018g/ml, every square metre is sprayed 5kg, by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, go out ear effective, the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp ear reaches 100.6%, and total biological efficiency reaches 208.8%.
Embodiment 4: a kind of Uricularia polytricha cultivation method, comprise batching, ferment, make the bed, sow, hair bacterium, earthing, go out syrinx reason, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: corncob 45%, wood chip 35%, soya-bean cake 12%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then the leachate after removing slag is admixed uniformly in the corncob through prewetting, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound, stockpile is become high 1.2m-1.5m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3 times, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, covers the loam of grogs diameter 0.5-1.0cm, thickness 1-1.5cm, carries out syrinx reason;
5. go out syrinx reason: after having adopted the second damp ear, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 4kg, after having adopted the 3rd damp ear, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 5kg, the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp ear has been 79.2%, and total biological efficiency is 187.4%.
table one Uricularia polytricha biological efficiency compares
As can be seen from Table I: the ferment effect utilizing mushroom tang leachate to add than single leachate together with the ferment effect that mushroom stems slag adds is good, and output is high; Leachate is good to the effect of rejuvenation of Uricularia polytricha mycelia, and third and fourth damp ear biological efficiency is high, obvious effect of increasing production.
Claims (1)
1. a Uricularia polytricha cultivation method, comprise batching, ferment, make the bed, sow, hair bacterium, earthing, go out syrinx reason, it is characterized in that:
(1) prepare burden: corncob 42-48%, wood chip 32-38%, soya-bean cake 11-13%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 3-4%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described maize cob meal is broken into the particle of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in corncob, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
(3) turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
(4) make the bed, sow, send out bacterium, earthing: the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly taped against ridge-up bed sowing and sends out a bacterium, when mycelia sends out material full, covers the loam of grogs diameter 0.5-1.0cm, thickness 1-1.5cm, carries out syrinx reason;
(5) go out syrinx reason: after the second damp ear, the 3rd damp ear are gathered, depending on mycelial growth situation, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml in ear bed, every square metre is sprayed 4-6kg comprehensively; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN105961025A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-09-28 | 博白县那林镇菌兴家庭农场 | Cultivation method for auricularia polytricha |
| CN105961026A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-09-28 | 博白县那林镇菌兴家庭农场 | Method for planting auricularia polytricha |
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Application publication date: 20150701 |