CN104770216A - Hypsizygus marmoreus culture method - Google Patents
Hypsizygus marmoreus culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104770216A CN104770216A CN201510128446.7A CN201510128446A CN104770216A CN 104770216 A CN104770216 A CN 104770216A CN 201510128446 A CN201510128446 A CN 201510128446A CN 104770216 A CN104770216 A CN 104770216A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hypsizygus marmoreus culture method, and belongs to a technology of applying mushroom stems to the hypsizygus marmoreus culture. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that 1, mushroom stem soaking materials and culture raw materials are mixed for stacking fermentation, the beneficial microbial breeding is promoted, the microbial floras in the materials are improved, and the catalytic decomposition of culture materials is accelerated; 2, the fermented culture materials have high-activity beneficial bacteria and active metabolites of the high-activity beneficial bacteria, the promotion effects are achieved on the growth of the hypsizygus marmoreus hyphae, and strong growth condition of hyphae and the strong sundry fungus resistant capability are shown; 3, when the first fresh mushroom and the second fresh mushroom are harvested, the effect is good when the mushroom stems are used for re-strengthening the hyphae, the promotion effect is realized on the formation of the hypsizygus marmoreus original bases and the growth of fruiting bodies, and the biotransformation rate of the second fresh mushroom and the third fresh mushroom is high; 4, the labor, resources of coal and the like are saved, environment pollution is reduced, and the method conforms to the low-carbon environment protection concept.
Description
Technical field
A kind of hypsizygus marmoreus cultivation method of the present invention, is mushroom tang is applied to the technology in hypsizygus marmoreus cultivation, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Hypsizygus marmoreus, have another name called true Ji mushroom, beautiful gill fungus, false matsutake, its meat is tender and crisp, and having unique delicate flavour, is a kind of Rare edible fungus, often it and precious matsutake is mentioned in the same breath, the extremely favor of domestic and international market Japanese people.
The traditional cultivation method of hypsizygus marmoreus is that grog bag (bottle) is planted, and planting material carries out inoculated and cultured after high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization, and the contour molecular organic material of the cellulose now in material is degraded, miscellaneous bacteria in material is also killed, therefore, when planting material sends out bacterium, mycelial growth is fast, and living contaminants is few.But along with the significantly rise of the price of labour power and fuel price, grog cultivation cost increases severely, and high-temperature sterilization also causes the loss of planting material nutriment, causes biological transformation ratio to reduce simultaneously.
Mushroom is famous and precious edible one of the medicinal fungus of holding concurrently in the world, and current China mushroom production accounts for 70% of world's mushroom gross yield, has the equal mushroom culture in the province of more than 70% in China.Because mushroom stems stiffness of foot in children, content of cellulose are higher, palatability is poor, and therefore, mushroom is being eaten raw or in process, the tang of mushroom can remove as offcuts by the producer, causes the mushroom tang accounting for mushroom weight about 30% to become discarded object.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention's mushroom tang soaks expects to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, and do not add insecticide, bactericide during windrow, the planting material after fermentation is directly taped against ridge-up bed cultivation, and the hypsizygus marmoreus quality of producing is good, output is high.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of hypsizygus marmoreus cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
(1) prepare burden: wood chip 42-48%, corncob 29-35%, soya-bean cake 13-15%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 3-4%, superphosphate 1%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described maize cob meal is broken into the particle of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in wood chip, corncob, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation, after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, superphosphate, gypsum is added during second time turning, turning 3-4 time altogether, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter mycelia After-mature cultivation and management of producing mushroom;
(3) management of producing mushroom: after the first damp mushroom, the second damp mushroom are gathered, depending on mycelial growth situation, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml comprehensively in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 6-8kg, with rejuvenation mycelia; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
Mushroom tang is applied to the method for hypsizygus marmoreus cultivation by the present invention, and apart from outside explanation, other operating procedure is all undertaken by this area routine techniques.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
1. mushroom tang leachate is full-natural nutritive liquid, containing glucide, amino acid, peptide class, nucleic acid and trace element, bio-hormone also containing abundant species, also the bioactivator do not leached in a large number is had in mushroom stems slag, soak with mushroom tang and expect to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, promote beneficial microbe breeding, improve the microorganism species in material, accelerate the catalytic decomposition of planting material;
2. the planting material after fermentation has high activity beneficial bacterium and active metabolite thereof, has Promotive effect, show as prosperous, the anti-miscellaneous bacteria ability of mycelium growth vigor strong to the growth of hypsizygus marmoreus mycelia;
3., after the first damp mushroom, the second damp mushroom are gathered, effective with mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, have facilitation to the formation of the former base of hypsizygus marmoreus and the growth of fruit body, the biological transformation ratio of second and third damp mushroom is high;
4. save the fuel needed for high-temperature sterilization, saved the energy, eliminate the drawback increasing CO2 emission in traditional Edible Fungi.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and what do not illustrate in detail in embodiment is all state of the art.
Embodiment 1: a kind of hypsizygus marmoreus cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: wood chip 45%, corncob 32%, soya-bean cake 14%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, superphosphate 1%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first wood chip, corncob, soya-bean cake siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes mushroom tang leachate uniformly in compound together with mushroom stems slag, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add superphosphate, gypsum, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter mycelia After-mature cultivation and management of producing mushroom;
6. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the first damp mushroom, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01g/ml in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 6kg; After having adopted the second damp mushroom, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.018g/ml, every square metre is sprayed 8kg, and by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, fruiting is effective, and the biological efficiency of second and third damp mushroom reaches 57.1%, and total biological efficiency reaches 96.5%.
Embodiment 2: a kind of hypsizygus marmoreus cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: wood chip 45%, corncob 32%, soya-bean cake 14%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, superphosphate 1%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first wood chip, corncob, soya-bean cake siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes mushroom tang leachate uniformly in compound together with mushroom stems slag, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add superphosphate, gypsum, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter mycelia After-mature cultivation and management of producing mushroom;
6. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the first damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 6kg; After having adopted the second damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 8kg, the biological efficiency of second and third damp mushroom has been 44.0%, and total biological efficiency is 83.4%.
Embodiment 3: a kind of hypsizygus marmoreus cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: wood chip 45%, corncob 32%, soya-bean cake 14%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, superphosphate 1%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first wood chip, corncob, soya-bean cake siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes the leachate after removing slag uniformly in compound, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add superphosphate, gypsum, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter mycelia After-mature cultivation and management of producing mushroom;
6. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the first damp mushroom, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01g/ml in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 6kg; After having adopted the second damp mushroom, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.018g/ml, every square metre is sprayed 8kg, and by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, fruiting is effective, and the biological efficiency of second and third damp mushroom reaches 54.2%, and total biological efficiency reaches 91.3%.
Embodiment 4: a kind of hypsizygus marmoreus cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: wood chip 45%, corncob 32%, soya-bean cake 14%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, superphosphate 1%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first wood chip, corncob, soya-bean cake siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes the leachate after removing slag uniformly in compound, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add superphosphate, gypsum, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter mycelia After-mature cultivation and management of producing mushroom;
6. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the first damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 6kg; After having adopted the second damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 8kg, the biological efficiency of second and third damp mushroom has been 42.1%, and total biological efficiency is 79.2%.
table one hypsizygus marmoreus biological efficiency compares
As can be seen from Table I: the ferment effect utilizing mushroom tang leachate to add than single leachate together with the ferment effect that mushroom stems slag adds is good, and output is high; Leachate is good to the effect of rejuvenation of hypsizygus marmoreus mycelia, and second and third damp mushroom biological efficiency is high, obvious effect of increasing production.
Claims (1)
1. a hypsizygus marmoreus cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, it is characterized in that:
(1) prepare burden: wood chip 42-48%, corncob 29-35%, soya-bean cake 13-15%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 3-4%, superphosphate 1%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described maize cob meal is broken into the particle of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in wood chip, corncob, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation, after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, superphosphate, gypsum is added during second time turning, turning 3-4 time altogether, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter mycelia After-mature cultivation and management of producing mushroom;
(3) management of producing mushroom: after the first damp mushroom, the second damp mushroom are gathered, depending on mycelial growth situation, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml comprehensively in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 6-8kg; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108901605A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2018-11-30 | 龙岩市新罗区火火食用菌有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of seafood mushroom |
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| CN108901605A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2018-11-30 | 龙岩市新罗区火火食用菌有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of seafood mushroom |
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