CN104737808A - Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation method - Google Patents
Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104737808A CN104737808A CN201510123462.7A CN201510123462A CN104737808A CN 104737808 A CN104737808 A CN 104737808A CN 201510123462 A CN201510123462 A CN 201510123462A CN 104737808 A CN104737808 A CN 104737808A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pleurotus geesteranus cultivation method which is the technology for applying lentinus edodes stems and roots in pleurotus geesteranus cultivation. Compared with the prior art, the pleurotus geesteranus cultivation method has the advantages that soaked materials of the lentinus edodes stems and roots and cultivation raw materials are stirred for stacking fermentation, beneficial microorganism reproduction is facilitated, the microbial flora in the materials is improved, and catalytic decomposition of the cultivation materials is accelerated; the fermented cultivation materials have high-activity beneficial bacteria and active metabolites thereof, growth of pleurotus geesteranus mycelia is facilitated, particularly, mycelia grow exuberantly, and infectious microbe resistance is high; after the second tide of pleurotus geesteranus and the third tide of pleurotus geesteranus are harvested, the effect of rejuvenating the mycelia through lentinus edodes stem and root leachate is good, pleurotus geesteranus primordium forming and sporocarp growth are facilitated, and the biological conversion efficiency of the third tide of pleurotus geesteranus and the fourth tide of pleurotus geesteranus is high; labor, coal and other resources are saved, environmental pollution is reduced, and the the pleurotus geesteranus cultivation method accords with the low-carbon environmental protection concept.
Description
Technical field
A kind of elegant precious mushroom cultivation method of the present invention, is mushroom tang is applied to the technology in elegant precious mushroom cultivation, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Elegant precious mushroom is superfine product in mushroom, and have a thin matter white, meat is tender delicious, and mouthfeel is aromatic, and edible good to eat feature, is rich in eight seed amino acids and the multivitamin of needed by human, quite by the favor of cuisines circle, catering trade, has comparatively wide commercialization cultivation prospect.
The traditional cultivation method of elegant precious mushroom is cured material bag-cultured, and planting material carries out inoculated and cultured after high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization, and the contour molecular organic material of the cellulose now in material is degraded, miscellaneous bacteria in material is also killed, therefore, when planting material sends out bacterium, mycelial growth is fast, and living contaminants is few.But along with the significantly rise of the price of labour power and fuel price, grog cultivation cost increases severely, and high-temperature sterilization also causes the loss of planting material nutriment, causes biological transformation ratio to reduce simultaneously.
Mushroom is famous and precious edible one of the medicinal fungus of holding concurrently in the world, and current China mushroom production accounts for 70% of world's mushroom gross yield, has the equal mushroom culture in the province of more than 70% in China.Because mushroom stems stiffness of foot in children, content of cellulose are higher, palatability is poor, and therefore, mushroom is being eaten raw or in process, the tang of mushroom can remove as offcuts by the producer, causes the mushroom tang accounting for mushroom weight about 30% to become discarded object.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention's mushroom tang soaks expects to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, and do not add insecticide, bactericide during windrow, the planting material after fermentation is directly taped against ridge-up bed cultivation, and the precious mushroom quality of the show of producing is good, output is high.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of elegant precious mushroom cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
(1) prepare burden: cotton seed hulls 40-48%, wood chip 36-44%, soya-bean cake 8-10%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 2-3%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in cotton seed hulls, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation, after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, carry out management of producing mushroom;
(3) management of producing mushroom: after the second damp mushroom, the 3rd damp mushroom are gathered, depending on mycelial growth situation, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml comprehensively in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 3-5kg, with rejuvenation mycelia; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
Mushroom tang is applied to the method for elegant precious mushroom cultivation by the present invention, and apart from outside explanation, other operating procedure is all undertaken by this area routine techniques.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
1. mushroom tang leachate is full-natural nutritive liquid, containing glucide, amino acid, peptide class, nucleic acid and trace element, bio-hormone also containing abundant species, also the bioactivator do not leached in a large number is had in mushroom stems slag, soak with mushroom tang and expect to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, promote beneficial microbe breeding, improve the microorganism species in material, accelerate the catalytic decomposition of planting material;
2. the planting material after fermentation has high activity beneficial bacterium and active metabolite thereof, has Promotive effect, show as prosperous, the anti-miscellaneous bacteria ability of mycelium growth vigor strong to the growth of oyster mushroom pieces;
3. after the second damp mushroom, the 3rd damp mushroom are gathered, effective with mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, have facilitation to the formation of the former base of the precious mushroom of show and the growth of fruit body, the biological transformation ratio of third and fourth damp mushroom is high;
4. save the fuel needed for high-temperature sterilization, saved the energy, eliminate the drawback increasing CO2 emission in traditional Edible Fungi.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and what do not illustrate in detail in embodiment is all state of the art.
Embodiment 1: a kind of elegant precious mushroom cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: cotton seed hulls 44%, wood chip 40%, soya-bean cake 9%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 2.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first cotton seed hulls, wood chip, soya-bean cake siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes mushroom tang leachate uniformly in compound together with mushroom stems slag, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add gypsum, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter management of producing mushroom;
6. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the second damp mushroom, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01g/ml in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 3kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp mushroom, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.016g/ml, every square metre is sprayed 5kg, and by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, fruiting is effective, and the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp mushroom reaches 78.4%, and total biological efficiency reaches 138.6%.
Embodiment 2: a kind of elegant precious mushroom cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: cotton seed hulls 44%, wood chip 40%, soya-bean cake 9%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 2.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first cotton seed hulls, wood chip, soya-bean cake siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes mushroom tang leachate uniformly in compound together with mushroom stems slag, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add gypsum, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter management of producing mushroom;
6. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the second damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 3kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 5kg, the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp mushroom has been 59.9%, and total biological efficiency is 120.1%.
Embodiment 3: a kind of elegant precious mushroom cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: cotton seed hulls 44%, wood chip 40%, soya-bean cake 9%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 2.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first cotton seed hulls, wood chip, soya-bean cake siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes the leachate after removing slag uniformly in compound, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add gypsum, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter management of producing mushroom;
6. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the second damp mushroom, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01g/ml in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 3kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp mushroom, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.016g/ml, every square metre is sprayed 5kg, and by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, fruiting is effective, and the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp mushroom reaches 73.2%, and total biological efficiency reaches 132.5%.
Embodiment 4: a kind of elegant precious mushroom cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: cotton seed hulls 44%, wood chip 40%, soya-bean cake 9%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 2.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first cotton seed hulls, wood chip, soya-bean cake siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes the leachate after removing slag uniformly in compound, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add gypsum, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter management of producing mushroom;
6. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the second damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 3kg; After having adopted the 3rd damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 5kg, the biological efficiency of third and fourth damp mushroom has been 56.8%, and total biological efficiency is 116.1%.
the elegant precious mushroom biological efficiency of table one compares
As can be seen from Table I: the ferment effect utilizing mushroom tang leachate to add than single leachate together with the ferment effect that mushroom stems slag adds is good, and output is high; Leachate is good to the effect of rejuvenation of oyster mushroom pieces, and third and fourth damp mushroom biological efficiency is high, obvious effect of increasing production.
Claims (1)
1. the precious mushroom cultivation method of show, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, it is characterized in that:
(1) prepare burden: cotton seed hulls 40-48%, wood chip 36-44%, soya-bean cake 8-10%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 2-3%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in cotton seed hulls, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation, after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, carry out management of producing mushroom;
(3) management of producing mushroom: after the second damp mushroom, the 3rd damp mushroom are gathered, depending on mycelial growth situation, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml comprehensively in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 3-5kg; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
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Cited By (1)
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CN110199777A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-09-06 | 贵州省贵福菌业发展有限公司 | A kind of elegant precious mushroom growth auxiliary agent and preparation method thereof |
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CN103242103A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-08-14 | 邬金飞 | Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation material compatibility and preparation method of cultivation material |
CN103416224A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-12-04 | 刘万顺 | Method for preparing pleurotus geesteranus compost |
CN103435404A (en) * | 2013-08-04 | 2013-12-11 | 邬金飞 | Compatibility of cultivation material for pleurotus geesteranus and manufacture method of cultivation material |
CN103497023A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-08 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing pleurotus geesteranus cultivation material through utilization of pecan production and processing waste |
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2015
- 2015-03-20 CN CN201510123462.7A patent/CN104737808A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103242103A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-08-14 | 邬金飞 | Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation material compatibility and preparation method of cultivation material |
CN103435404A (en) * | 2013-08-04 | 2013-12-11 | 邬金飞 | Compatibility of cultivation material for pleurotus geesteranus and manufacture method of cultivation material |
CN103416224A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-12-04 | 刘万顺 | Method for preparing pleurotus geesteranus compost |
CN103497023A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-08 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing pleurotus geesteranus cultivation material through utilization of pecan production and processing waste |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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李艳莉等: "《无公害高温双孢菇生产栽培技术规程》", 《中国果菜》 * |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110199777A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-09-06 | 贵州省贵福菌业发展有限公司 | A kind of elegant precious mushroom growth auxiliary agent and preparation method thereof |
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