CN104782392A - Method for cultivating needle mushrooms - Google Patents
Method for cultivating needle mushrooms Download PDFInfo
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- CN104782392A CN104782392A CN201510129651.5A CN201510129651A CN104782392A CN 104782392 A CN104782392 A CN 104782392A CN 201510129651 A CN201510129651 A CN 201510129651A CN 104782392 A CN104782392 A CN 104782392A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating needle mushrooms. The method is a technology in which mushroom stem feet are applied to cultivating the needle mushrooms. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that mushroom stem foot soaked materials and cultivation raw materials are mixed and stirred to be piled for fermentation, breeding of beneficial microorganisms is promoted, microbial flora in the materials is improved, and catalytic decomposition of the cultivation materials is accelerated; the fermented cultivation materials have high-activity beneficial bacteria and active metabolite of the high-activity beneficial bacteria, and the promoting effects are achieved on the growth of needle mushroom hypha and shown to be that the growth of the hypha is exuberant and the infectious mushroom resistant capacity is high; after the first flush of mushrooms and the second flush of mushrooms are harvested, the effect of rejuvenating the hypha through mushroom stem foot soaked liquid is good, the promoting effect is achieved on forming of needle mushroom primordium and growth of sporocarp, and the biological efficiency of the second flush of mushrooms and the biological efficiency of the third flush of mushrooms are high; resources such as manpower and coal are saved, environment pollution is reduced, and the method conforms to the low-carbon and environment-protection concept.
Description
Technical field
A kind of golden mushroom plantation method of the present invention, is the technology be applied to by mushroom tang in golden mushroom plantation, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Asparagus has another name called dried mushroom, because its stem shape and color and luster pole resemble day lily, therefore claims Asparagus.Asparagus is sliding tender delicious, nutritious, and containing 18 seed amino acids, total amino acid content is up to 20.9%, and wherein, 44.5% is again necessary 8 seed amino acids of human body, apparently higher than general mushroom class; Because bad amino acid and arginine content are also higher, therefore, often edible Asparagus is also very favourable to the growth of children brain cell.
The traditional cultivation method of Asparagus is that grog bag (bottle) is planted, and planting material carries out inoculated and cultured after high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization, and the contour molecular organic material of the cellulose now in material is degraded, miscellaneous bacteria in material is also killed, therefore, when planting material sends out bacterium, mycelial growth is fast, and living contaminants is few.But along with the significantly rise of the price of labour power and fuel price, grog cultivation cost increases severely, and high-temperature sterilization also causes the loss of planting material nutriment, causes biological transformation ratio to reduce simultaneously.
Mushroom is famous and precious edible one of the medicinal fungus of holding concurrently in the world, and current China mushroom production accounts for 70% of world's mushroom gross yield, has the equal mushroom culture in the province of more than 70% in China.Because mushroom stems stiffness of foot in children, content of cellulose are higher, palatability is poor, and therefore, mushroom is being eaten raw or in process, the tang of mushroom can remove as offcuts by the producer, causes the mushroom tang accounting for mushroom weight about 30% to become discarded object.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention's mushroom tang soaks expects to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, and do not add insecticide, bactericide during windrow, the planting material after fermentation is directly taped against ridge-up bed cultivation, and the Asparagus quality of producing is good, output is high.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of golden mushroom plantation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
(1) prepare burden: bagasse 48-52%, wood chip 14-18%, rice bran 24-28%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 3-4%, precipitated calcium carbonate 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described bagasse powder is broken into the particle of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in bagasse, wood chip, rice bran compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation, after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add precipitated calcium carbonate during second time turning, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter management of producing mushroom;
(3) management of producing mushroom: after the first damp mushroom, the second damp mushroom are gathered, depending on mycelial growth situation, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml comprehensively in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 3-5kg, with rejuvenation mycelia; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
Mushroom tang is applied to the method for golden mushroom plantation by the present invention, and apart from outside explanation, other operating procedure is all undertaken by this area routine techniques.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
1. mushroom tang leachate is full-natural nutritive liquid, containing glucide, amino acid, peptide class, nucleic acid and trace element, bio-hormone also containing abundant species, also the bioactivator do not leached in a large number is had in mushroom stems slag, soak with mushroom tang and expect to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, promote beneficial microbe breeding, improve the microorganism species in material, accelerate the catalytic decomposition of planting material;
2. the planting material after fermentation has high activity beneficial bacterium and active metabolite thereof, has Promotive effect, show as prosperous, the anti-miscellaneous bacteria ability of mycelium growth vigor strong to the growth of Flammulina velutipes mycelium;
3., after the first damp mushroom, the second damp mushroom are gathered, effective with mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, have facilitation to the formation of the former base of Asparagus and the growth of fruit body, the biological transformation ratio of second and third damp mushroom is high;
4. save the fuel needed for high-temperature sterilization, saved the energy, eliminate the drawback increasing CO2 emission in traditional Edible Fungi.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and what do not illustrate in detail in embodiment is all state of the art.
Embodiment 1: a kind of golden mushroom plantation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: bagasse 50%, wood chip 16%, rice bran 26%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, precipitated calcium carbonate 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first bagasse, wood chip, rice bran siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes mushroom tang leachate uniformly in compound together with mushroom stems slag, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add precipitated calcium carbonate, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter management of producing mushroom;
6. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the first damp mushroom, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01g/ml in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 3kg; After having adopted the second damp mushroom, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.018g/ml, every square metre is sprayed 5kg, and by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, fruiting is effective, and the biological efficiency of second and third damp mushroom reaches 58.7%, and total biological efficiency reaches 107.5%.
Embodiment 2: a kind of golden mushroom plantation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: bagasse 50%, wood chip 16%, rice bran 26%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, precipitated calcium carbonate 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first bagasse, wood chip, rice bran siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes mushroom tang leachate uniformly in compound together with mushroom stems slag, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add precipitated calcium carbonate, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter management of producing mushroom;
6. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the first damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 3kg; After having adopted the second damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 5kg, the biological efficiency of second and third damp mushroom has been 46.5%, and total biological efficiency is 95.3%.
Embodiment 3: a kind of golden mushroom plantation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: bagasse 50%, wood chip 16%, rice bran 26%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, precipitated calcium carbonate 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first bagasse, wood chip, rice bran siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes the leachate after removing slag uniformly in compound, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add precipitated calcium carbonate, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter management of producing mushroom;
6. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the first damp mushroom, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01g/ml in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 3kg; After having adopted the second damp mushroom, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.018g/ml, every square metre is sprayed 5kg, and by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, fruiting is effective, and the biological efficiency of second and third damp mushroom reaches 54.1%, and total biological efficiency reaches 102.3%.
Embodiment 4: a kind of golden mushroom plantation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: bagasse 50%, wood chip 16%, rice bran 26%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, precipitated calcium carbonate 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first bagasse, wood chip, rice bran siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes the leachate after removing slag uniformly in compound, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add precipitated calcium carbonate, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter management of producing mushroom;
6. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the first damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 3kg; After having adopted the second damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 5kg, the biological efficiency of second and third damp mushroom has been 44.0%, and total biological efficiency is 92.2%.
table one Asparagus biological efficiency compares
As can be seen from Table I: the ferment effect utilizing mushroom tang leachate to add than single leachate together with the ferment effect that mushroom stems slag adds is good, and output is high; Leachate is good to the effect of rejuvenation of Flammulina velutipes mycelium, and second and third damp mushroom biological efficiency is high, obvious effect of increasing production.
Claims (1)
1. a golden mushroom plantation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, it is characterized in that:
(1) prepare burden: bagasse 48-52%, wood chip 14-18%, rice bran 24-28%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 3-4%, precipitated calcium carbonate 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described bagasse powder is broken into the particle of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in bagasse, wood chip, rice bran compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation, after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add precipitated calcium carbonate during second time turning, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter management of producing mushroom;
(3) management of producing mushroom: after the first damp mushroom, the second damp mushroom are gathered, depending on mycelial growth situation, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml comprehensively in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 3-5kg; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
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| CN201510129651.5A CN104782392A (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2015-03-24 | Method for cultivating needle mushrooms |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106187374A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 赖卫华 | A kind of compost cultivating Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing |
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2015
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| CN101851356A (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2010-10-06 | 北京三浦百草绿色植物制剂有限公司 | Shitake mushroom extract and application thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106187374A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 赖卫华 | A kind of compost cultivating Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing |
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