CN104584872A - Pleurotus geesteranus cultivating method - Google Patents
Pleurotus geesteranus cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104584872A CN104584872A CN201510078460.0A CN201510078460A CN104584872A CN 104584872 A CN104584872 A CN 104584872A CN 201510078460 A CN201510078460 A CN 201510078460A CN 104584872 A CN104584872 A CN 104584872A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
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- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a pleurotus geesteranus cultivating method, and is the technology of mushroom roots to pleurotus geesteranus cultivation. Compared with the prior art, the cultivating method has the following advantages: firstly, a mushroom root soaking material is added in and mixed up with cultivation raw materials for stacking fermentation, the reproduction of beneficial bacteria is promoted, the microbial flora in materials is improved, and the catalytic decomposition of cultivation materials is accelerated; secondly, the fermented cultivation materials has high-activity beneficial bacteria and active metabolite thereof, and has the promotion effect on the growth of pleurotus geesteranus mycelia, and the mycelia are thriving in growth and high in capability of infectious microbe resistance; thirdly, after the second tide of mushrooms and the third tide of mushrooms are harvested, the mushroom root soaking material is good in rejuvenating mycelia, and has the promotion function on the formation of pleurotus geesteranus primordia and the growth of fruiting bodies, and the biological efficiency of both the third tide of mushrooms and the fourth tide of mushrooms is high; fourthly, resources, such as manpower and coal, are saved, environmental pollution is reduced, and the cultivating method is in line with the low-carbon environmental protection concept.
Description
Technical field
A kind of elegant precious mushroom cultivation method of the present invention, is mushroom tang is applied to the technology in elegant precious mushroom cultivation, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Elegant precious mushroom is superfine product in mushroom, and have a thin matter white, meat is tender delicious, and mouthfeel is aromatic, and edible good to eat feature, is rich in eight seed amino acids and the multivitamin of needed by human, quite by the favor of cuisines circle, catering trade, has comparatively wide commercialization cultivation prospect.
The traditional cultivation method of elegant precious mushroom is cured material bag-cultured, and planting material carries out inoculated and cultured after high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization, and the contour molecular organic material of the cellulose now in material is degraded, miscellaneous bacteria in material is also killed, therefore, when planting material sends out bacterium, mycelial growth is fast, and living contaminants is few.But along with the significantly rise of the price of labour power and fuel price, grog cultivation cost increases severely, and high-temperature sterilization also causes the loss of planting material nutriment, causes planting material conversion ratio to reduce simultaneously.
Mushroom is famous and precious edible one of the medicinal fungus of holding concurrently in the world, and current China mushroom production accounts for 70% of world's mushroom gross yield, has the equal mushroom culture in the province of more than 70% in China.Because mushroom stems stiffness of foot in children, content of cellulose are higher, palatability is poor, and therefore, mushroom is being eaten raw or in process, the tang of mushroom can remove as offcuts by the producer, causes the mushroom tang accounting for mushroom weight about 30% to become discarded object.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention adds the immersion of mushroom tang and expects to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, and do not add insecticide, bactericide during windrow, the planting material after fermentation is directly taped against ridge-up bed cultivation, and the precious mushroom quality of the show of producing is good, output is high.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of elegant precious mushroom cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
(1) prepare burden: bagasse 72-80%, soya-bean cake 14-18%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 3-4%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described bagasse powder is broken into the particle of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in bagasse, soya-bean cake compound uniformly together with mushroom stems slag, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation, after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, carry out management of producing mushroom;
(3) management of producing mushroom: after the first damp mushroom, the second damp mushroom are gathered, depending on mycelial growth situation, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml comprehensively in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 3-5kg, with rejuvenation mycelia; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
Mushroom tang is applied to the method for elegant precious mushroom cultivation by the present invention, and apart from outside explanation, other operating procedure is all undertaken by this area routine techniques.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
1. mushroom tang leachate is full-natural nutritive liquid, containing glucide, amino acid, peptide class, nucleic acid and trace element, bio-hormone also containing abundant species, also the bioactivator do not leached in a large number is had in mushroom stems slag, add and expect to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment with the immersion of mushroom tang, promote beneficial microbe breeding, improve the microorganism species in material, accelerate the catalytic decomposition of planting material;
2. the planting material after fermentation has high activity beneficial bacterium and active metabolite thereof, has Promotive effect, show as prosperous, the anti-miscellaneous bacteria ability of mycelium growth vigor strong to the growth of oyster mushroom pieces;
3. after the first damp mushroom, the second damp mushroom are gathered, effective with mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, have facilitation to the formation of the former base of the precious mushroom of show and the growth of fruit body, the biological transformation ratio of second and third damp mushroom is high;
4. save the fuel needed for high-temperature sterilization, saved the energy, eliminate the drawback increasing CO2 emission in traditional Edible Fungi.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and what do not illustrate in detail in embodiment is all state of the art.
Embodiment 1: a kind of elegant precious mushroom cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: bagasse 76%, soya-bean cake 16%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first bagasse, soya-bean cake siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes mushroom tang leachate uniformly in compound together with mushroom stems slag, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add gypsum, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter management of producing mushroom;
6. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the first damp mushroom, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01g/ml in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 3kg; After having adopted the second damp mushroom, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.02g/ml, every square metre is sprayed 5kg, and by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, fruiting is effective, and the biological efficiency of second and third damp mushroom reaches 65.1%, and total biological efficiency reaches 126.3%.
Embodiment 2: a kind of elegant precious mushroom cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: bagasse 76%, soya-bean cake 16%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first bagasse, soya-bean cake siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes mushroom tang leachate uniformly in compound together with mushroom stems slag, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add gypsum, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter management of producing mushroom;
6. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the first damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 3kg; After having adopted the second damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 5kg, the biological efficiency of second and third damp mushroom has been 46.0%, and total biological efficiency is 107.2%.
Embodiment 3: a kind of elegant precious mushroom cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: bagasse 76%, soya-bean cake 16%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first bagasse, soya-bean cake siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes the leachate after removing slag uniformly in compound, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add gypsum, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter management of producing mushroom;
6. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the first damp mushroom, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01g/ml in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 3kg; After having adopted the second damp mushroom, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.02g/ml, every square metre is sprayed 5kg, and by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, fruiting is effective, and the biological efficiency of second and third damp mushroom reaches 61.3%, and total biological efficiency reaches 121.0%.
Embodiment 4: a kind of elegant precious mushroom cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: bagasse 76%, soya-bean cake 16%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first bagasse, soya-bean cake siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes the leachate after removing slag uniformly in compound, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add gypsum, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, enter management of producing mushroom;
6. management of producing mushroom: after having adopted the first damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 3kg; After having adopted the second damp mushroom, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 5kg, the biological efficiency of second and third damp mushroom has been 44.6%, and total biological efficiency is 104.3%.
the elegant precious mushroom biological efficiency of table one compares
As can be seen from Table I: the ferment effect utilizing mushroom tang leachate to add than single leachate together with the ferment effect that mushroom stems slag adds is good, and output is high; Leachate is good to the effect of rejuvenation of oyster mushroom pieces, and second and third damp mushroom biological efficiency is high, obvious effect of increasing production.
Claims (1)
1. the precious mushroom cultivation method of show, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, management of producing mushroom, it is characterized in that:
(1) prepare burden: bagasse 72-80%, soya-bean cake 14-18%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 3-4%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described bagasse powder is broken into the particle of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in bagasse, soya-bean cake compound uniformly together with mushroom stems slag, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation, after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, add lime during first time turning, add gypsum during second time turning, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1-2cm is thick, carry out management of producing mushroom;
(3) management of producing mushroom: after the first damp mushroom, the second damp mushroom are gathered, depending on mycelial growth situation, sprays the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml comprehensively in mushroom bed, every square metre is sprayed 3-5kg; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011177115A (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2011-09-15 | Shinshu Univ | Culture medium for cultivating mushroom, and method for cultivating mushroom |
| CN103314773A (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2013-09-25 | 苏州市经纬农产品有限公司 | Method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus |
| CN103416224A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-12-04 | 刘万顺 | Method for preparing pleurotus geesteranus compost |
| CN103435404A (en) * | 2013-08-04 | 2013-12-11 | 邬金飞 | Compatibility of cultivation material for pleurotus geesteranus and manufacture method of cultivation material |
| CN103497023A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-08 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing pleurotus geesteranus cultivation material through utilization of pecan production and processing waste |
-
2015
- 2015-02-15 CN CN201510078460.0A patent/CN104584872A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011177115A (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2011-09-15 | Shinshu Univ | Culture medium for cultivating mushroom, and method for cultivating mushroom |
| CN103314773A (en) * | 2013-05-24 | 2013-09-25 | 苏州市经纬农产品有限公司 | Method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus |
| CN103435404A (en) * | 2013-08-04 | 2013-12-11 | 邬金飞 | Compatibility of cultivation material for pleurotus geesteranus and manufacture method of cultivation material |
| CN103416224A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-12-04 | 刘万顺 | Method for preparing pleurotus geesteranus compost |
| CN103497023A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-08 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing pleurotus geesteranus cultivation material through utilization of pecan production and processing waste |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
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| 何瑞锋: "食用菌下脚料的综合利用", 《今日科技》 * |
| 李艳莉、刘淑华: "无公害高温双孢菇生产栽培技术规程", 《中国果菜》 * |
| 杨明: "菇类增喷营养液可增产", 《农村新技术》 * |
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Application publication date: 20150506 |