CN103613431B - Method for making tremella fuciformis cultivation material by using pruned branches of Chinese chestnut, corn peel and Chinese chestnut hull - Google Patents
Method for making tremella fuciformis cultivation material by using pruned branches of Chinese chestnut, corn peel and Chinese chestnut hull Download PDFInfo
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- CN103613431B CN103613431B CN201310601924.2A CN201310601924A CN103613431B CN 103613431 B CN103613431 B CN 103613431B CN 201310601924 A CN201310601924 A CN 201310601924A CN 103613431 B CN103613431 B CN 103613431B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tremella fuciformis cultivation material which is characterized by comprising main materials including Chinese chestnut branch sawdust, corn peel sawdust and Chinese chestnut sawdust, and auxiliary materials including bran, soybean meal, urea, land plaster, cane sugar, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and the like, wherein the water content of the cultivation material is 63-65 percent. The invention further comprises a making method of the cultivation material. The tremella fuciformis cultivation material has the advantages that through sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation treatment, toxic bacteriostatics are removed, macromolecular substances are degraded into simple substances capable of being absorbed by tremella fuciformis, and the growth of tremella fuciformis hypha is promoted; secondly, the cultivation material is reasonable in proportioning, balanced in nutrition, good in tremella fuciformis growth vigour, sufficient in tremella fuciformis growing potential and high in yield, the biological efficiency reaches 11.8-12.5 percent (dried tremella fuciformis); and thirdly, a solution is provided for innocent treatment of the Chinese chestnut branch sawdust, the corn peel sawdust and the Chinese chestnut sawdust, and a new substrate is found for the cultivation of the tremella fuciformis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention utilizes Chinese chestnut Pruning Away Branches, luxuriant shell, chestnut shell to make cultivating white fungus material, comprises the compatibility of planting material, and the preparation method of this planting material, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
White fungus has another name called tremella, tremella, is the food medicine dual-purpose bacterium that China has long enjoyed a good reputation.Record according to Compendium of Material Medica, white fungus slightly sweet flavor, cool in nature, moistening lung enriching yin, reduces phlegm, and promotes the production of body fluid, cough-relieving blood, controls dry consumptive lung disease, convulsive seizure due to phlegm-fire coughs inverse, dry feces, and display white fungus has splendid health functions.
White fungus belongs to wooden saprophytic bacteria type, and the nutrient source needed for it mainly contains cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, starch etc.At present its artificial cultivation materials mainly wood chip, cotton seed hulls, bagasse etc., but along with the continuous expansion of cultivating white fungus area, these traditional culturing raw material are day by day in short supply, price continuous rise, and therefore each production unit is all attached great importance to and looked for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Chinese chestnut tree is Fagaceae Castanea nut fruits plant, and its fruit is the famous Traditional Agricultural byproduct of China.China is first big producing country of Chinese chestnut, and according to the statistics of FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) (FAO), to the end of the year in 2009, Chinese Chestnut cultivated area will be 200,000 hm
2, total output is about 1,090,000 t, accounts for 77% of Gross World Product.
Produce Chinese chestnut and in process, three class discarded objects can be produced.One is the branch produced after pruning.China's Chinese chestnut cultivated area is large, prune the branch Yue Keda 700,000 tons fallen every year, but these branches is not reasonably utilized, and major part is used as fuel wood from Li Yuan; Two is shells, has another name called luxuriant shell, Li Peng, Li Pu shell, is the discarded object stayed after collecting Chinese chestnut, generally every 100 kg Chinese chestnuts just mean the dry luxuriant shell having 60kg-90kg, these luxuriant shells, draw materials easily, enormous amount, but done except fuel except minority, all the other are often arbitrarily abandoned or let alone to rot; Three is chestnut shells, is pericarp and the seed coat of Li Jianguo, and account for 10% of chestnut fruit weight, chestnut shell produces in Chinese chestnut process, aboundresources and concentrating, but most of enterprise it can be used as discarded object to process, and has both increased production cost, wastes resource again.
Chinese chestnut branch, wood tissue is tight, and in unit volume, content of lignin is high; Bud shell, containing higher nutriment, according to surveying and determination, luxuriant shell is containing crude protein 8.78%, carbon 39.04%, nitrogen 1.348%; Chestnut shell, containing the composition such as cellulose, lignin, wherein content of cellulose reaches 48%, and lignin accounts for 28.5%.These components above, to grow carbon source, the nitrogenous source providing required for white fungus.But these three kinds of materials of chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, chestnut shell also containing the material such as tannin, wax, can suppress the growth of hypha of edible fungus, therefore must effectively process, make these antibacterial substances be decomposed and volatilize.The method of process comprises: sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biofermentation etc.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind of cultivating white fungus material compatibility that is primary raw material with Chinese chestnut Pruning Away Branches, luxuriant shell, chestnut shell
2, the preparation method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of cultivating white fungus material compatibility, has following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 35%-45%, luxuriant shell bits 13%-18%, chestnut shell bits 15%-20%, wheat bran 18%, analysis for soybean powder 5%, urea 1%, land plaster 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, be all the quality of dry, proportioning sum is 100%.
Chestnut branch is considered to be worth doing: the particle drying, be ground into particle diameter 4mm-5mm, is deposited in aeration-drying place, ageing 1 year.
Bud shell bits: the particle (prevent luxuriant shell from stinging length and puncture sack) of below the particle diameter 3mm that is exposed to the sun, is ground into, is deposited in aeration-drying place, ageing 1 year.
Chestnut shell is considered to be worth doing: the particle being ground into particle diameter 4mm-5mm after the chestnut shell fresh nothing gone mouldy is exposed to the sun, is deposited in aeration-drying place, ageing 1 year.
Wheat bran: the wheat cortex that wheat is separated in processing flour process, wheat bran contains abundant enzyme system, protein, carbohydrate, vitamin and mineral matter etc.
Analysis for soybean powder: as available nutrient, had both promoted that white fungus mycelia grew fast, white fungus auricle look plump can be made again in vain, increase yield.
Urea: nitrogenous source is provided.Suitable carbon-nitrogen ratio, contributes to fermentable and decomposes, improve the ferment effect of windrow.
Land plaster: stablize planting material acid-base value, increases calcium, sulphur nutritional labeling.
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate: be agricultural potassium dihydrogen phosphate, provides phosphorus, potassic fertilizer element.
Magnesium sulfate: be agricultural magnesium sulfate.There is provided magnesium fertilizer element, magnesium is the activator of many enzymes.
The preparation method of planting material, comprises the steps:
1. shine material: be exposed to the sun raw material 2d-3d before spice, utilize ultraviolet to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make antibacterial substance decompose volatilization simultaneously;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch is considered to be worth doing, luxuriant shell is considered to be worth doing, chestnut shell is considered siccative to be worth doing and mixed thoroughly, then water pouring with water, after waiting material to have thorough grasp water, directly build heap;
3. heap is built: the compound of prewetting is piled high 1.5m-1.8m, wide 2.3m-2.5m, the long trapezoidal heap being no less than 5m, sprinkle after simultaneously urea is water-soluble in material, pile up complete, the heap end, is when having a small amount of water to ooze out, show water yield optimum, finally cover straw mat and (when building and pile front or turning, first put two Mao bamboo tubes in bottom by its spontaneous fermentation, and the waddy of a diameter 15cm is inserted every 1m, extract Mao bamboo tube and waddy out after building up heap simultaneously, form the passage communicated up and down, increase the gas exchange inside and outside stockpile, be conducive to expecting that interior beneficial microorganism is movable, to improve fermented quality),
4. turning: turning interval time is 3,2,2,1 days, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 8d, during each turning, the material on side is ploughed under heap center, add whole land plaster during first time turning, during last turning, add whole wheat bran, analysis for soybean powder, after simultaneously sucrose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate is water-soluble, sprinkle in pan feeding, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: the polyethylene from high pressure process bag cylinder adopting folding length 12cm, length 55cm, thick 0.05mm, every bag of heavy 1.2kg-1.3kg of wet feed;
6. sterilizing, cooling: Bag Material is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C (after discharge cold air), keep 10h-12h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C.
Adopt four to select dozen cave method (one side at bag) and access white fungus bacterial classification (first being mixed with incense ashes mycelia by pure for white fungus mycelia), enter after inoculation and send out the bacterium stage, culturing room's temperature controls at 23 DEG C-25 DEG C, relative air humidity controls at 60%-70%, through a bacterium of 23d-25d, syrinx reason can be entered out.
The present invention for primary raw material with chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as wheat bran, analysis for soybean powder, urea, land plaster, sucrose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, makes cultivating white fungus material.Its advantage is: one be by sunlight exposure, pile up ageing and biofermentation process, both eliminated poisonous bateriostatics, makes again macromolecular substances be degraded to be conducive to the simple material that white fungus mycelia absorbs, facilitates the growth of white fungus mycelia; Two is that culture utilization is reasonable, and balanced in nutrition, white fungus growing way is good, and go out ear reserve strength foot, output is high, its biological efficiency reaches 11.8%-12.5%(dry product); Three is be not only the harmless treatment that chestnut branch is considered to be worth doing, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell are considered to be worth doing to provide a solution, also for cultivating white fungus have found a kind of new matrix.
Detailed description of the invention
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, cultivating white fungus material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 35%, bud shell bits 18%, chestnut shell bits 20%, wheat bran 18%, analysis for soybean powder 5%, urea 1%, land plaster 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, be all the quality of dry, proportioning sum is 100%.
Preparation method:
1. shine material: be exposed to the sun raw material 2d before spice, utilize ultraviolet to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make antibacterial substance decompose volatilization simultaneously;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch is considered to be worth doing, luxuriant shell is considered to be worth doing, chestnut shell is considered siccative to be worth doing and mixed thoroughly, then water pouring with water, after waiting material to have thorough grasp water, directly build heap;
3. heap is built: the compound of prewetting is piled high 1.8m, wide 2.5m, the trapezoidal heap of long 5m, sprinkle after simultaneously urea is water-soluble in material, pile up complete, the heap end, is when having a small amount of water to ooze out, show water yield optimum, finally cover straw mat (first to put two Mao bamboo tubes in bottom when building and pile front or turning, and insert the waddy of a diameter 15cm every 1m by its spontaneous fermentation, after building up heap, extract Mao bamboo tube and waddy out simultaneously, form the passage communicated up and down, increase the gas exchange inside and outside stockpile, be conducive to expecting that interior beneficial microorganism is movable, to improve fermented quality);
4. turning: turning interval time is 3,2,2,1 days, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 8d, during each turning, the material on side is ploughed under heap center, add whole land plaster during first time turning, during last turning, add whole wheat bran, analysis for soybean powder, after simultaneously sucrose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate is water-soluble, sprinkle in pan feeding, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: the polyethylene from high pressure process bag cylinder adopting folding length 12cm, length 55cm, thick 0.05mm, every bag of heavy 1.2kg-1.3kg of wet feed;
6. sterilizing, cooling: Bag Material is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C (after discharge cold air), keep 10h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C.
Adopt four to select dozen cave method (one side at bag) and access white fungus bacterial classification (first being mixed with incense ashes mycelia by pure for white fungus mycelia), enter after inoculation and send out the bacterium stage, culturing room's temperature controls at 25 DEG C, and relative air humidity controls 60%, through a bacterium of 23d, enter out syrinx reason.Utilize the planting material cultivation white fungus of the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 11.8%.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, cultivating white fungus material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 40%, bud shell bits 15%, chestnut shell bits 18%, wheat bran 18%, analysis for soybean powder 5%, urea 1%, land plaster 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, be all the quality of dry, proportioning sum is 100%.Preparation method is with reference to mode 1.Utilize the planting material cultivation white fungus of the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 12.1%.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, cultivating white fungus material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 45%, bud shell bits 13%, chestnut shell bits 15%, wheat bran 18%, analysis for soybean powder 5%, urea 1%, land plaster 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, be all the quality of dry, proportioning sum is 100%.Preparation method is with reference to mode 1.Utilize the planting material cultivation white fungus of the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 12.5%.
The white fungus biological efficiency of table different modes planting material
Claims (2)
1. a cultivating white fungus material, is characterized in that:
(1) prepare burden: chestnut branch bits 35%-45%, luxuriant shell bits 13%-18%, chestnut shell bits 15%-20%, wheat bran 18%, analysis for soybean powder 5%, urea 1%, land plaster 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, be all the quality of dry, proportioning sum is 100%;
(2) chestnut branch bits: be the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, dry and be deposited in aeration-drying place, ageing 1 year;
(3) luxuriant shell bits: be the particle of below particle diameter 3mm, be exposed to the sun, pulverize after be deposited in aeration-drying place, ageing 1 year;
(4) chestnut shell bits: be the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, be exposed to the sun, pulverize after be deposited in aeration-drying place, ageing 1 year;
(5) preparation method of planting material:
1. shine material: be exposed to the sun raw material 2d-3d before spice, utilize ultraviolet to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make antibacterial substance decompose volatilization simultaneously;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch is considered to be worth doing, luxuriant shell is considered to be worth doing, chestnut shell is considered siccative to be worth doing and mixed thoroughly, then water pouring with water, after waiting material to have thorough grasp water, directly build heap;
3. heap is built: the compound of prewetting is piled high 1.5m-1.8m, wide 2.3m-2.5m, the long trapezoidal heap being no less than 5m, sprinkle after simultaneously urea is water-soluble in material, pile up complete, the heap end, is when having a small amount of water to ooze out, show water yield optimum, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation, build when piling front or turning and first put two Mao bamboo tubes in bottom, and the waddy of a diameter 15cm is inserted every 1m, extract Mao bamboo tube and waddy out after building up heap simultaneously, form the passage communicated up and down, increase the gas exchange inside and outside stockpile, be conducive to expecting that interior beneficial microorganism is movable, to improve fermented quality,
4. turning: turning interval time is 3,2,2,1 days, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 8d, during each turning, the material on side is ploughed under heap center, add whole land plaster during first time turning, during last turning, add whole wheat bran, analysis for soybean powder, after simultaneously sucrose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate is water-soluble, sprinkle in pan feeding, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: the polyethylene from high pressure process bag cylinder adopting folding length 12cm, length 55cm, thick 0.05mm, every bag of heavy 1.2kg-1.3kg of wet feed;
6. sterilizing, cooling: Bag Material is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C, keep 10h-12h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C.
2. a kind of cultivating white fungus material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described wheat bran is the wheat cortex that wheat is separated in processing flour process.
3. a kind of cultivating white fungus material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that first pure for white fungus mycelia being mixed with incense ashes mycelia, then adopt four to select in the one side of bag and beat cave method access white fungus bacterial classification, enter after inoculation and send out the bacterium stage, culturing room's temperature controls at 23 DEG C-25 DEG C, relative air humidity controls at 60%-70%, through a bacterium of 23d-25d, can enter out syrinx reason.
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| CN104109000A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-22 | 赵跃胜 | Substrate material for plantation of tremella and processing method thereof |
| CN104521572A (en) * | 2015-02-08 | 2015-04-22 | 邬方成 | Tremella cultivating method |
| CN104609984A (en) * | 2015-02-08 | 2015-05-13 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of tremella cultivation material |
| CN104744130A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of tremella fuciformis cultivation material |
| CN104725129A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-06-24 | 邬金梅 | Method for preparing tremella fuciformis cultivation material |
| CN104725128A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-06-24 | 邬金梅 | Method for preparing tremella fuciformis cultivation material |
| CN106416739A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2017-02-22 | 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 | Use of fruit skins and pruned branches and tendrils of Passiflora edulia in Oudemansiella radicata cultivation |
| CN106416737A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2017-02-22 | 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 | Use of fruit skins and pruned branches and tendrils of Passiflora edulia in Lentinus edodes cultivation |
| CN106416740A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2017-02-22 | 桂林洁宇环保科技有限责任公司 | Use of fruit skins and pruned branches and tendrils of Passiflora edulia in big clitocybe cultivation |
| CN105272473A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-01-27 | 福建嘉田农业开发有限公司 | Formula and method for cultivating tremella through pleurotus eryngii waste substrates |
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| CN101518191B (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2012-01-11 | 倪桂锋 | New method for cultivating white fungus |
| KR20130019329A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2013-02-26 | 전창호 | Medium Composition of Mushroom Containing Golden Ingredients and Cultivation Method thereof |
| CN103283492B (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2015-10-28 | 福建省邵武市绿农食用菌有限公司 | A kind of method of cultivating white fungus |
| CN103355094B (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2016-04-20 | 重庆市中药研究院 | A kind of method utilizing ramulus mori to cultivate white fungus |
| CN103396247B (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2015-03-11 | 邬金飞 | Shitake mushroom cultivation material compatibility and production method of shitake mushroom cultivation material |
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