CN103553834A - Method for preparing tremella cultivation material from tea cattail and tea seed shells - Google Patents
Method for preparing tremella cultivation material from tea cattail and tea seed shells Download PDFInfo
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- CN103553834A CN103553834A CN201310592006.8A CN201310592006A CN103553834A CN 103553834 A CN103553834 A CN 103553834A CN 201310592006 A CN201310592006 A CN 201310592006A CN 103553834 A CN103553834 A CN 103553834A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tremella cultivation material. The tremella cultivation material is characterized by comprising the main raw materials including tea cattail and tea seed shells, and the auxiliary materials including bran, soybean meal, calcium superphosphate, gypsum powder, cane sugar, monopotassium phosphate and magnesium sulfate, wherein the water content of the cultivation material is 63%-65%. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the cultivation material. The method has the advantages that by stacking fermentation and sunlight exposure, lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, pectic substances and other substances in the tea cattail and the tea seed shells are decomposed to simple substances, which can be easily absorbed by tremella hypha, so as to promote growth of the tremella hypha; the cultivation material is reasonable in matching and balanced in nutrition, tremella grows well, the fruiting aftereffect is sufficient, the yield is high and the biology efficiency of dried products reaches 11.0%-12.1%; a solution is provided for harmless treatment of the tea cattail and the tea seed shells, and a new matrix is found for tremella cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention utilizes tea Pu and tea seed shell to make cultivating white fungus material, comprises the compatibility of planting material, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
White fungus has another name called the food medicine dual-purpose bacterium that Tremella, tremella ,Shi China have long enjoyed a good reputation.According to < < Compendium of Materia Medica > >, record, white fungus slightly sweet flavor, cool in nature, moistening lung enriching yin, reduces phlegm, and promotes the production of body fluid, cough-relieving blood, control dry consumptive lung disease, convulsive seizure due to phlegm-fire and cough contraryly, constipation due to dry stool, shows that white fungus has splendid health functions.
White fungus belongs to wooden saprophytic microorganism type, and its required nutrition source mainly contains Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen, starch etc.Its artificial culture materials are mainly wood chip, cotton seed hulls, bagasse etc. at present, but the continuous expansion along with cultivating white fungus area, these traditional culturing raw material are day by day in short supply, price continuous rise, so each production unit is all attached great importance to and is looked for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Oil tea is China distinctive woody edible oil material seeds, with Fructus oleae europaeae, oil palm, coconut and be called the large traditional oil tree in the world four.China is that oil tea output is the highest in the world, the country the widest, kind is maximum distributes.The oil tea cultivated area of China and tea seed output account for global 95% left and right, and all the other 5% are distributed in minority Southeast Asian countries and regions.
Camellia oleifera fruit is spherical in shape, oblate, olive shape, diameter 3cm-4cm, and the thick and lignifying of fruit lobe, including seed (1-4 grain) is tea seed, and tea seed is dark brown or black, and triangular shape is glossy.After testing, in camellia oleifera fruit, tea Pu (shell) accounts for 60%, and tea seed accounts for 40%; In tea seed, tea seed shell (kind shell) accounts for 1/3, and tea seed kernel accounts for 2/3.The existing oil tea cultivated area in the whole nation reaches 4,000,000 hm
2produce camellia oleifera fruit per year and reach more than 560 ten thousand t, this will bring the oil-tea camellia husks of more than 300 ten thousand t, the tea seed shell of more than 70 ten thousand t, huge quantity like this, also little for the ratio of processing, most tea Pu, tea seed shell are used as fuel and are burnt, and the shell that these abandon, plant shell after degraded, can pollute atmosphere, water source and ecotope.
Tea Pu, its moiety complexity of tea seed shell, contain the materials such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen.According to surveying and determination, in tea Pu, xylogen accounts for 43.35%, and carbohydrate accounts for 28.36%; In tea seed shell, xylogen accounts for 52.10%, and carbohydrate accounts for 30.60%.These components, can provide essential carbon source for white fungus grows above.But tea Pu, these two kinds of materials of tea seed shell also contain the materials such as tannin, grease, can suppress the growth of white fungus mycelia, therefore must effectively process, make these antibacterial substances be decomposed and volatilize.The method of processing comprises: sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation etc.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind ofly take the cultivating white fungus material compatibility that tea Pu and tea seed shell be main raw material
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A material compatibility, has following component and quality proportioning: tea Pu bits 25%-35%, tea seed shell bits 38%-48%, wheat bran 20%, analysis for soybean powder 3%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium primary phosphate 0.5%, sal epsom 0.3%, is all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.
Tea Pu bits, tea seed shell bits: the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm is dried, is ground into tea Pu; Tea seed shell dries, is ground into the particle of particle diameter 2mm-3mm; (pile high 1.8m-2.0m, pile wide 2.3m-2.5m, length is no less than 5m to consider tea Pu bits, tea seed shell to be worth doing natural packing fermentation, often keep windrow moistening, once, the composting time is more than 8 months in turning in every two months), to eliminate the materials harmful to white fungus mycelial growth such as tannin wherein, grease.After composting finishes, tea Pu bits, tea seed shell bits are dried, standby.
Wheat bran: wheat is separated wheat cortex in processing flour process.Wheat bran contains abundant enzyme system, protein, carbohydrate, VITAMIN and mineral substance etc.
Analysis for soybean powder: nitrogenous source is provided, can makes white fungus auricle look plump in vain, increase output.
Terra alba: stablize planting material potential of hydrogen, increase calcium, sulphur nutritive ingredient.
Calcium superphosphate: be water soluble quick-acting phosphate fertilizer, phosphorus, sulphur nutritive ingredient are provided.
Sal epsom: be agricultural magnesium sulfate.Magnesium fertilizer element is provided, and magnesium is the activator of many enzymes.
Potassium primary phosphate: be agricultural potassium primary phosphate, phosphorus, potassic fertilizer element are provided.
The making method of planting material, comprises the steps:
1. shine material: the 2d-3d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make antibacterial substance decompose volatilization simultaneously;
2. prewet: tea Pu bits, tea seed shell bits siccative are mixed thoroughly, added water and prewet, pile vexed 1-2h, make the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
3. spice: wheat bran, analysis for soybean powder, calcium superphosphate, terra alba siccative are mixed thoroughly, admixed tea Pu bits, tea seed shell is considered to be worth doing in pre-wet feed; Sucrose, potassium primary phosphate, sal epsom are first dissolved in the water, then admix equably in material, limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;
4. pack: adopt the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder of folding length 12cm, length 55cm, thick 0.05mm, every bag of heavy 1.2kg-1.3kg of wet feed;
5. sterilizing, cooling: Bag Material is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharge cold air), keeps 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Adopt four to select dozen cave method (in the one side of bag) access white fungus bacterial classification (first the pure mycelia of white fungus being mixed with incense ashes mycelia), after inoculation, enter the bacterium stage of sending out, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 23 ℃-25 ℃, relative air humidity is controlled at 60%-70%, the bacterium that sends out through 22d-24d, can enter out syrinx reason.
It is main raw material that tea Pu, tea seed shell are take in the present invention, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as wheat bran, analysis for soybean powder, calcium superphosphate, terra alba, sucrose, potassium primary phosphate, sal epsom, makes cultivating white fungus material.Its advantage is: the one, and by sunlight exposure, heap fermentation, the material decomposition such as the xylogen in tea Pu, tea seed shell, Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin substance are to be conducive to the simple material that white fungus mycelia absorbs, and have promoted the growth of white fungus mycelia; The 2nd, planting material reasonable ratio, balanced in nutrition, white fungus growing way is good, and fruiting reserve strength is sufficient, output is high, its biological efficiency reaches 11.0%-12.1%(dry product); The 3rd, not only the harmless treatment for tea Pu, tea seed shell provides a terms of settlement, also for cultivating white fungus has found a kind of new matrix.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, cultivating white fungus material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea Pu bits 25%, tea seed shell bits 48%, wheat bran 20%, analysis for soybean powder 3%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium primary phosphate 0.5%, sal epsom 0.3%, is all the quality of dry-matter, and proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. shine material: the 3d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make antibacterial substance decompose volatilization simultaneously;
2. prewet: tea Pu bits, tea seed shell bits siccative are mixed thoroughly, added water and prewet, pile vexed 2h, make the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
3. spice: wheat bran, analysis for soybean powder, calcium superphosphate, terra alba siccative are mixed thoroughly, admixed tea Pu bits, tea seed shell is considered to be worth doing in pre-wet feed; Sucrose, potassium primary phosphate, sal epsom are first dissolved in the water, then admix equably in material, limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;
4. pack: adopt the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder of folding length 12cm, length 55cm, thick 0.05mm, every bag of heavy 1.2kg-1.3kg of wet feed;
5. sterilizing, cooling: Bag Material is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharge cold air), keeps 10h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Adopt four to select dozen cave method (in the one side of bag) access white fungus bacterial classification (first the pure mycelia of white fungus being mixed with incense ashes mycelia), after inoculation, enter and send out the bacterium stage, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 25 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled at 60%, the bacterium that sends out through 24d, enters out syrinx reason.The planting material cultivation white fungus that utilizes the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 12.1%.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, cultivating white fungus material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea Pu bits 30%, tea seed shell bits 43%, wheat bran 20%, analysis for soybean powder 3%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium primary phosphate 0.5%, sal epsom 0.3%, is all the quality of dry-matter, and proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.The planting material cultivation white fungus that utilizes the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 11.6%.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, cultivating white fungus material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea Pu bits 35%, tea seed shell bits 38%, wheat bran 20%, analysis for soybean powder 3%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium primary phosphate 0.5%, sal epsom 0.3%, is all the quality of dry-matter, and proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.The planting material cultivation white fungus that utilizes the present embodiment, biological efficiency reaches 11.0%.
The white fungus biological efficiency of table different modes planting material
Claims (7)
1. a cultivating white fungus material, it is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: tea Pu bits 25%-35%, tea seed shell bits 38%-48%, wheat bran 20%, analysis for soybean powder 3%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, sucrose 1.2%, potassium primary phosphate 0.5%, sal epsom 0.3%, is all the quality of dry-matter, and proportioning sum is 100%.
2. cultivating white fungus material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described tea Pu bits dry, are ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm for tea Pu.
3. cultivating white fungus material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described tea seed shell bits are the particle that tea seed shell dried, was ground into particle diameter 2mm-3mm.
4. cultivating white fungus material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described tea Pu bits, tea seed shell bits, must through natural packing fermentation, (pile high 1.8m-2.0m, pile wide 2.3m-2.5m, length is no less than 5m, often keeps windrow moistening, turning in every two months once, the composting time is more than 8 months), after composting finishes, tea Pu bits, tea seed shell bits are dried.
5. cultivating white fungus material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described wheat bran is wheat separated wheat cortex in processing flour process.
6. a making method for the cultivating white fungus material described in claim 1-5, is characterized in that:
1. shine material: the 2d-3d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make antibacterial substance decompose volatilization simultaneously;
2. prewet: tea Pu bits, tea seed shell bits siccative are mixed thoroughly, added water and prewet, pile vexed 1-2h, make the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
3. spice: wheat bran, analysis for soybean powder, calcium superphosphate, terra alba siccative are mixed thoroughly, admixed tea Pu bits, tea seed shell is considered to be worth doing in pre-wet feed; Sucrose, potassium primary phosphate, sal epsom are first dissolved in the water, then admix equably in material, limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;
4. pack: adopt the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder of folding length 12cm, length 55cm, thick 0.05mm, every bag of heavy 1.2kg-1.3kg of wet feed;
5. sterilizing, cooling: Bag Material is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharge cold air), keeps 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
7. utilize the cultivating white fungus material described in claim 1-6, it is characterized in that adopting four to select dozen cave method (in the one side of bag) access white fungus bacterial classification (first the pure mycelia of white fungus being mixed with incense ashes mycelia), after inoculation, enter the bacterium stage of sending out, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 23 ℃-25 ℃, relative air humidity is controlled at 60%-70%, the bacterium that sends out through 22d-24d, can enter out syrinx reason.
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Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104609984A (en) * | 2015-02-08 | 2015-05-13 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of tremella cultivation material |
CN104725128A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-06-24 | 邬金梅 | Method for preparing tremella fuciformis cultivation material |
CN104725129A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-06-24 | 邬金梅 | Method for preparing tremella fuciformis cultivation material |
CN104744130A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of tremella fuciformis cultivation material |
CN104945058A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-30 | 桂林健成生物科技开发有限公司 | Application of momordica grosvenori pomace to tremella cultivation |
CN105210667A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2016-01-06 | 广西田林县鑫福源山茶油开发有限公司 | A kind of method taking oil-tea camellia husks as raw material and produce cloud ear |
CN107155635A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-15 | 福建古银生物技术有限公司 | A kind of method of utilization Chinese prescription directional cultivation white fungus |
CN107382577A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-11-24 | 福建信龙农产品开发有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used to plant matrix of white fungus and preparation method thereof |
CN107382592A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-11-24 | 福建信龙农产品开发有限公司 | A kind of white fungus matrix and preparation method thereof |
CN107473863A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-15 | 福建信龙农产品开发有限公司 | A kind of cultivating white fungus matrix and preparation method thereof |
CN107488069A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-19 | 福建信龙农产品开发有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used to cultivate matrix of white fungus and preparation method thereof |
CN107488070A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-19 | 福建信龙农产品开发有限公司 | A kind of white fungus planting matrix and preparation method thereof |
CN115517132A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2022-12-27 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Camellia oleifera and Thelephora angustifolia medium for culturing medicinal fungi |
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CN103360158A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-10-23 | 邬金飞 | Formula and manufacturing method of black fungus culture material |
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Cited By (13)
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CN105210667A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2016-01-06 | 广西田林县鑫福源山茶油开发有限公司 | A kind of method taking oil-tea camellia husks as raw material and produce cloud ear |
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CN104725128A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-06-24 | 邬金梅 | Method for preparing tremella fuciformis cultivation material |
CN104725129A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-06-24 | 邬金梅 | Method for preparing tremella fuciformis cultivation material |
CN104744130A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of tremella fuciformis cultivation material |
CN104945058A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-30 | 桂林健成生物科技开发有限公司 | Application of momordica grosvenori pomace to tremella cultivation |
CN107155635A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-15 | 福建古银生物技术有限公司 | A kind of method of utilization Chinese prescription directional cultivation white fungus |
CN107382577A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-11-24 | 福建信龙农产品开发有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used to plant matrix of white fungus and preparation method thereof |
CN107382592A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-11-24 | 福建信龙农产品开发有限公司 | A kind of white fungus matrix and preparation method thereof |
CN107473863A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-15 | 福建信龙农产品开发有限公司 | A kind of cultivating white fungus matrix and preparation method thereof |
CN107488069A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-19 | 福建信龙农产品开发有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used to cultivate matrix of white fungus and preparation method thereof |
CN107488070A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-19 | 福建信龙农产品开发有限公司 | A kind of white fungus planting matrix and preparation method thereof |
CN115517132A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2022-12-27 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Camellia oleifera and Thelephora angustifolia medium for culturing medicinal fungi |
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