JPH0775442A - Cultivation of mushroom mycelium - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the cultivation of mushroom mycelium in a short time, to obtain mycelium having excellent activity and to produce a fruit body in high yield by the cultivation of the mycelium. CONSTITUTION:A sterilized bed for the cultivation of mushroom mycelium is treated with a gas having an oxygen-concentration of >=21%, especially with pure oxygen to obtain a cultivation bed containing sufficient amount of oxygen. A mushroom mycelium is inoculated and cultured on the oxygen-enriched bed. The supply of oxygen to the cultivation bed can be preformed by sterilizing the cultivation bed with steam in a pressurized sterilization vessel, cooling the medium to effect the reduction of the pressure in the vessel and introducing oxygen gas into the vessel to get the atmospheric pressure to break the vacuum.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for cultivating a mushroom by using a culture bed in which the mushroom mycelium culture bed is placed in an oxygen-rich atmosphere and the culture bed is enriched in oxygen. Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, artificial mushrooms have been generally cultivated by inoculating a raw wood with an inoculum, but recently, wood resources such as sawdust are used to put sawdust into containers such as bags and bottles. The method of putting it in, inoculating it with bacteria and cultivating it has become the mainstream. In this method, the culture bed of sawdust or the like placed in a container is usually sterilized by heating with steam prior to inoculation with the fungus. In order to obtain a large fruiting body, it is necessary to use a large culture bed, and the culture requires many days.

In culturing mushrooms, a method has been proposed in which oxygen is supplied into the culture chamber as needed, but no report has been found focusing on the oxygen content of the culture bed itself.

[0004]

When it takes many days to cultivate a fungal hyphae, a large amount of cost is inevitably required for culturing a predetermined amount of mycelia, such as a large number of culture vessels and a large culture room. That is, energy, labor, etc. increase according to the culture period. Furthermore, as the number of days of culture increases, the activity of mycelium decreases, resulting in a decrease in the yield of fruiting bodies. In order to increase the productivity of artificial cultivation of mushrooms, it is required to develop a method of shortening the cultivation period of mycelia.

[0005]

According to the present invention, when cultivating a fungus hyphae, the fungus culture is treated under an atmosphere of a gas having an oxygen partial pressure of 21% or more, particularly a gas having a high oxygen concentration (hereinafter referred to as an oxygen-rich gas). By using the bed, the growth of hyphae can be promoted and the culture period of hyphae can be shortened. Examples of the treatment method include a method in which a sterilized mushroom culture bed is placed in an oxygen-rich gas for a time necessary for sufficient replacement of the gas in the medium, and particularly, the sterilized mushroom culture bed is put under reduced pressure. Arranged, this reduced pressure state is aseptic gas, oxygen partial pressure 21%
By introducing only the gas enhanced above, preferably oxygen, into the decompression container and releasing the decompression, oxygen can be sufficiently supplied into the culture bed, and an excellent effect can be expected.

The mushrooms which can be expected to have the effect of shortening the culture period of mycelia according to the present invention can be applied to any mushrooms that can be cultured.
Examples include mushrooms such as Tokiiro oyster mushrooms, shimeji mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, nameko, enoki mushrooms, tsukuritake mushrooms, kofukisarunokoshikake mushrooms, ganoderma lucidum and shiitake mushrooms.

As a medium used for culturing these mushrooms, water is added to solid matter such as bagasse, cake, rice bran, etc.
A medium is used in which the pH is adjusted to 5 to 75% and the pH is adjusted to 6.0 to 8.5 using a suitable pH adjuster such as slaked lime, ammonia, caustic soda, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and the like. This medium as it is or after compression molding is put in a heat-resistant bag or container provided with an inoculum inoculation port. Although compression molding is not essential, it is generally carried out from the viewpoint of convenience of handling, growth of hyphae, etc., and depending on the type of solid material used, a specific gravity of 0.1
Compressed to ~ 0.5. There is no limitation on the shape of compression, and it is generally compressed into a cylindrical shape.

Sterilization of the culture bed can be carried out by any known method, but it is generally carried out by heating and pressurizing the culture bed with steam in an autoclave. Sterilization is usually performed at 120 to 130 ° C for 1 to 2 hours. By cooling the autoclave after sterilization, the inside of the autoclave is naturally depressurized. By supplying an oxygen-rich gas to the depressurized autoclave, oxygen can be easily supplied to the culture bed.

To release the depressurized state, the vapor in the autoclave may be condensed immediately after the sterilization and the oxygen-rich gas may be supplied, or the oxygen-rich gas may be supplied while the vapor is condensed. The oxygen-rich gas used is oxygen itself,
Examples of the gas include a mixture of air and oxygen. This gas is sterilized by a method known per se prior to use, for example,
It is supplied to an autoclave or the like after being subjected to heat sterilization, a filter for aseptic processing, and the like.

Thus, the desired hyphae can be cultivated in a short period of time by inoculating the culture bed filled with the oxygen-rich gas with the fungus and culturing it in the culturing room by a usual method. The oxygen-rich gas treatment of the culture bed can also be performed after inoculating the sterilized culture bed with the fungus. In this case, the sterilized culture bed is placed in a sterilized chamber, container, autoclave, etc., and the oxygen-rich gas can be filled in the culture bed by introducing the sterilized oxygen-rich gas therein. .

[0011] Here, the culture bed inoculated with the fungus in the autoclave is placed under reduced pressure, and then oxygen-rich gas is introduced, whereby the culture bed can be more effectively filled with oxygen. The culture bed inoculated with the fungus is usually placed in a culture room. Culture room temperature 20 ~ 30 ℃, humidity 50 ~ 60%
And cultivated while ventilating so as to maintain a carbon dioxide concentration of 1200 ppm or less under the condition of an illuminance of about 50 lux. Aspects of the invention are described by way of examples.

[0012]

【Example】

Example 1. As a medium for Allium edulis and Pleurotus cornucopiae, water was mixed in the following mixing ratio so that the water content was 68 to 70% and the pH was adjusted to 6.8 to 7.0 with slaked lime. Arachonula jellyfish medium; bagasse: cake: rice bran = 60: 3
0:10 Chlorella aeruginosa medium; bagasse: cake: rice bran = 50: 4
0:10 1.6 kg of Argaementia jellyfish medium and 1.8 kg of Abalone mushroom medium are each 20 cm in length and width, and 10 in height.
It was compression-molded into centimeters, put in a polypropylene bag and attached with an inoculation port provided with a polyurethane plug, and heated and sterilized under pressure in an autoclave at 125 ° C. for 1.5 hours.

The medium sterilized in this way was treated with the following 3
Treated in the same way. The fungi were inoculated with the inoculum of Lactobacillus subtilis and Pleurotus cornucopiae, and the culture was performed at a temperature of 2
It was performed at 5 ° C., humidity of the culture room of 50 to 60%, and illuminance of 50 lux while ventilating with outside air so that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the room was 1200 ppm or less.

Medium treatment After the sterilization, the pressure in the autoclave was adjusted to 0.5 kg /
The vapor was condensed to cm, and then the vapor was condensed while supplying oxygen. After leaving it for a while, take out the floor,
After allowing to cool to room temperature, the bacteria were inoculated. After the sterilization is completed, the pressure in the autoclave is set to 0,
Reduce the pressure inside the autoclave with a vacuum pump (68 cmH
g). Then, oxygen was supplied into the autoclave, the bed was taken out under a gauge pressure of 0, and the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, inoculated with bacteria, and cultured. After sterilization, let stand to cool to room temperature, inoculate with fungi and place in autoclave, depressurize with vacuum pump (68 cmHg)
After that, aseptic oxygen was introduced into the autoclave, and the culture bed was taken out at a gauge pressure of 0 and cultured.

As a control, the medium was sterilized and then allowed to cool to room temperature, the medium was not treated with oxygen-rich gas, and the fungus was inoculated and cultured. Table 1 shows the number of days required for the hyphae to spread by culturing.

[0016]

[Table 1]

A culture bed in which mycelium spread was cultivated in a cultivation house. The temperature inside the house is 25 to 30 ° C and the humidity is 80 to 10
0%, illuminance 0 to 2000 looks, carbon dioxide concentration 600
It was controlled so as to keep below ppm. House cultivation 60
Table 2 shows the value (called yield) obtained by dividing the cumulative weight of raw fruit bodies on the day by the weight of the culture bed.

[0018]

[Table 2]

[0019]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, by using a culture bed obtained by treating a mushroom culture bed with an oxygen-rich gas, the culture period of mycelia can be significantly shortened and the activity of the obtained hyphae is excellent. The yield also increases.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A sterilized fungus culture bed is treated with an oxygen concentration of 21%.
A method for cultivating a fungus, which comprises culturing the fungus using a culture bed treated in the above gas. 2. The treatment comprises placing the fungus culture bed under reduced pressure,
The method for cultivating a bacterium of claim 1, which comprises releasing the reduced pressure with a gas having an oxygen partial pressure of 21% or more. 3. The treatment comprises sterilizing a mushroom culture bed in a pressure sterilized can with steam, and introducing a gas with a sterilized oxygen concentration of 21% or more into the can through an aseptic filter. The method for cultivating a mushroom as claimed in claim 1, wherein 4. The method for cultivating a fungi according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the gas is oxygen.