WO2005120210A1

WO2005120210A1 - Method of producing sterilized culture bed composition for culturing mushrooms and method of culturing mushrooms

Info

Publication number: WO2005120210A1
Application number: PCT/JP2005/010403
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michitaka Shimizu
Original assignee: Compex, Inc.
Priority date: 2004-06-08
Filing date: 2005-06-07
Publication date: 2005-12-22
Also published as: JP2005348606A; JP4429085B2

Abstract

It is intended to provide a method of producing a sterilized culture bed composition for culturing mushrooms which makes it possible to largely cut down the plant cost and the energy cost. A method of producing the sterilized culture bed composition for culturing mushrooms as described above, which contains sawdust as the main component together with at least one nutritional component selected from among wheat bran, rice bran, onion flour and soybean flour and water, comprising the step of sterilizing the nutritional component by adding water and hydrogen peroxide to the nutritional component and contacting them by mixing together; the step of sterilizing the sawdust by adding the sawdust to the product obtained in the above step of sterilizing the nutritional component and contacting the mixture directly with steam under atmospheric pressure and heating to 60oC or higher while stirring; and the cooling step of contacting the product obtained in the above step of sterilizing the sawdust directly with a sterilized cold air stream and thus cooling to ordinary temperature. The step of sterilizing the nutritional component, the step of sterilizing the sawdust and the cooling step can be successively performed in a single airtight stirrer.

Description

Specification

Method for producing sterilizing fungal bed composition for mushroom cultivation and method for cultivating mushroom

Technical field

The present invention relates to a method for producing a bactericidal bed composition for cultivating mushrooms and a method for cultivating mushrooms, which can greatly reduce equipment costs and energy costs.

Background art

[0002] In recent years, cultivation of mushrooms using a bacterial bed composition comprising oga flour (sawdust) as a main component and at least one nutrient component of bran, rice bran, crushed corn, and crushed soybean and water has been promoted. Widely performed. The fungal bed composition is inoculated with mushrooms in a state filled in a mushroom culture bag or bottle, but it is necessary to sterilize and remove various bacteria prior to inoculation.

[0003] Sterilization is usually performed by steam heating. Although it depends on the shape and size of the bacterial bed, for example, a bag of 20 cm X 12 cm X 15 cm (3.6 litters) is placed in a bag for cultivating a fungus-blocking and air-permeable mushroom having the structure disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-22518. In the case of a bed filled with a bacterial bed, it is necessary to raise the sterilizing temperature to the center of the bacterial bed block and maintain it for the required time by using a high-pressure sterilizing oven and 5 hours with pressurized steam at 125 ° C. In order to treat with pressurized steam at 125 ° C, both the boiler and the sterilization pot must be pressure-resistant, which is expensive and the treatment time is long, resulting in inefficient use of the equipment. Although it is possible to use steam at 95 ° C under normal pressure, the time required for sterilization processing is doubled, so it is not efficient. In addition, it is necessary to cool to room temperature before inoculating the fungus bed composition into the steam-treated bag-containing or bottle-filled bacterial bed composition. Cooling is usually done by cooling, which also takes time.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-22518

[0004] The inventor of the present invention has found that there is a difference in the degree of difficulty in heat sterilization treatment between oga flour as the main component and bran, rice bran, ground corn or ground soybean as the nutritional components. Recognition that germs can be killed in a relatively short time by heat treatment under atmospheric pressure of 1 oo ° c, and that heat flow between powder and block filled with the container is different. As a result of repeated investigations based on the above, the present invention was completed.

Disclosure of the invention Problems the invention is trying to solve

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a bactericidal bed composition for cultivating mushrooms and a method for cultivating mushrooms, which can greatly reduce equipment costs and energy costs.

Means for solving the problem

[0006] The method for producing a bactericidal bed composition for cultivating mushrooms according to the present invention comprises a nutrient component comprising oga flour as a main component, at least one of bran, rice bran, ground corn and ground soybean, and water. In the production of a fungal bed composition for cultivating a mushroom comprising a nutrient component, water and hydrogen peroxide are added to a nutrient component, mixed and contacted, and oga powder is added to the product of the nutrient component sterilization process. Oga powder sterilization process in which the product of the agar powder sterilization process is heated to 60 ° C or more by direct contact with steam at normal pressure while stirring, and the product of the above-mentioned oga powder sterilization process is directly contacted with sterilizing cold air while stirring to reach room temperature. It is characterized by comprising a cooling step of cooling. In the nutrient sterilization step, water and hydrogen peroxide may be added to the nutrient, mixed and brought into contact, and then subjected to ultrasonic vibration.

[0007] The nutrient component sterilizing step, oga powder sterilizing step, and cooling step can be sequentially performed in the same closed-type stirrer to simplify the process, reduce the cost of lateral holding, and prevent re-contamination by various bacteria. It is desirable from such points.

[0008] The sterilized bacterial bed composition after the cooling step may be extracted from the closed stirrer at that stage, filled in a mushroom cultivation bag or bottle, and inoculated to grow the mushrooms. After cooling to room temperature in the same closed stirrer, the desired mushroom inoculum is added to and mixed with the sterilized fungus bed composition for mushroom cultivation obtained in the same closed stirrer. A mushroom may be grown by sequentially performing a filling step of filling a bottle, a mycelium culture step of maintaining the filling obtained in the filling step under culture conditions of mushrooms, and a step of generating mushroom fruit bodies. . The invention's effect

[0009] The method for producing the bactericidal bed composition for cultivating mushrooms of the present invention or the method for cultivating mushrooms includes various mushrooms currently cultivated or about to be cultivated on artificial bed, for example, shiitake mushroom, maitake mushroom, Applicable to Yamabushi mushroom, shimeji mushroom, nameko mushroom, enoki mushroom, flower mushroom, agaritas, etc.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION [0010] The preferable ratio of oga flour, which is the main component in the fungal bed, to the nutritional component is not the same depending on the type of mushroom and the type of fungus, but is typically the weight ratio of the former (hydrous) 92 ± 2: The latter range of 8 ± 2 is appropriate. The amount of water in the finally obtained bacterial bed composition is suitably around 63% by weight.

[0011] The amount of hydrogen peroxide to be used in the nutrient component sterilization step is appropriate for the nutrient component in the form of H 2 O (35% aqueous solution):! To 7% by weight, usually about 2 to 3% by weight. Processing time may be about 10 to 20 minutes. In order to promote the sterilization effect, it is desirable to perform an ultrasonic treatment (around 20 KHz) after the hydrogen peroxide treatment. The sonication time is about 20 to 60 minutes. The presence of moisture is important for sonication. Although it is mentioned in the previous paragraph that the water content in the final bacterial bed composition is appropriate around 63%, the moisture content in the oga powder and the coagulated water Considering the shortage, it is better to add it to nutrients together with hydrogen peroxide. The use of hydrogen peroxide is a factor that increases costs. The target is about 10% of the total nutritional components, and about 2 to 3% by weight of hydrogen peroxide is used. The amount is about 0.2 to 0.3% by weight.

[0012] In the oga powder sterilization step, oga powder is added to the product of the nutrient component sterilization step, which is the preceding step, and the mixture is heated by blowing steam at normal pressure with stirring. Unlike the conventional method in which the bacterial bed composition in a plastic bag or a bottle is heated from the outside of the container, the powder is brought into direct contact with steam while stirring, so that the heating efficiency is extremely excellent. 120-180 minutes when the temperature of the bacterial bed composition is 60 ° C, 60-90 minutes when the temperature is 80 ° C, and 30-60 minutes when the temperature of the bacterial bed composition is 90 ° C. ,.

[0013] In the cooling step, the product of the oga powder sterilization step, which is the preceding step, is brought into contact with sterilized cold air while stirring.

Example 1

8 kg of bran, 0.2 kg of aqueous hydrogen peroxide (35% concentration) and 30 kg of water were charged into a closed horizontal stirrer and mixed for 20 minutes. Then, 92 kg of ogre flour of broadleaf tree (buna) was fed directly into the stirrer under the pressure of stirring without kneading. The powder temperature was maintained at 90 ° C for 60 minutes. The water vapor condensate was calculated to be 16 kg. Then, the supply of steam was stopped, and sterilized normal-pressure air was supplied to cool the mixture to 20 ° C. The mushroom seeds are added to the cooled sterilized bacterial bed composition in a stirrer. Bacteria were added and mixed, and 2.5 kg was filled in a bag of a fungus-blocking and breathable mushroom fungus having the structure disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-22518. After about 45 days, the mycelium grew sufficiently in the bacterial bed At the stage, the upper part of the bag was cut off and released into the atmosphere to grow the fruit body of Maitake mushrooms. After 12 days, 0.7 kg of Maitake mushrooms were harvested.

Industrial applicability

The equipment and energy costs for artificial cultivation of mushrooms are greatly reduced, and the utilization efficiency of the equipment is increased, so that the production cost of mushrooms is reduced.

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] In the production of a fungal bed composition for cultivating mushrooms comprising oga flour as a main component and comprising at least one nutrient component of bran, rice bran, crushed corn, and crushed soybean, water is used as a nutrient component. A nutrient component sterilization process consisting of adding hydrogen peroxide, mixing and contacting.The oga powder is added to the product of the nutrient component sterilization process, and the mixture is brought into direct contact with normal-pressure steam with stirring to 60 ° C or more. A sterilizing fungal bed composition for mushroom cultivation, comprising: a heating oga powder sterilizing step; and a cooling step of bringing the product of the oga powder sterilizing step into direct contact with sterilizing cold air while cooling to cool to room temperature. Manufacturing method.

[2] In the production of a fungal bed composition for cultivating mushrooms comprising oga flour as a main component and comprising at least one nutrient component of bran, rice bran, ground corn and ground soybean, and water, the nutrient component is water and A nutrient component sterilization step comprising adding hydrogen peroxide, mixing and bringing into contact, and then applying ultrasonic vibration.Oga powder is added to the product of the nutrient component sterilization step, and the mixture is brought into direct contact with normal-pressure steam while stirring. Oga powder sterilization step of heating to 60 ° C or higher, and a cooling step of cooling the product of the oga powder sterilization step to normal temperature by directly contacting with sterilizing cold air while stirring. Method for producing a bactericidal bed composition for mushroom cultivation

3. The method for producing a germicidal fungus bed composition for mushroom cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient component sterilizing step, the oga powder sterilizing step, and the cooling step are sequentially performed in the same closed stirrer.

[4] A nutrient sterilization step comprising adding water and hydrogen peroxide to at least one of nutrients of bran, rice bran, ground corn, and ground soybeans and mixing and contacting the nutrients. Oga powder sterilization step of adding oga powder to the product and bringing it into direct contact with water vapor at normal pressure with stirring and heating to 60 ° C or higher; and sterilizing cold air while stirring the product of the oga powder sterilization step A cooling step of bringing the mixture into direct contact and cooling to room temperature, a seeding step for adding and mixing a desired mushroom inoculum to the sterilized fungus bed composition for mushroom cultivation obtained in the cooling step, A mushroom cultivation method comprising a filling step of filling a bag or a bottle, a mycelium culture step of maintaining the filling obtained in the filling step under culture conditions of mushroom fungi, and a mushroom fruit body generation step. .

[5] Nutrition component consisting of at least one of bran, rice bran, ground corn and ground soybean A nutrient component sterilization step comprising adding water and hydrogen peroxide to the mixture, bringing them into contact with each other, and then applying ultrasonic vibrations. The oga powder sterilization step in which the product is directly contacted and heated to 60 ° C or more, and the cooling step in which the product of the oga powder sterilization step is brought into direct contact with sterilizing cold air while stirring and cooled to room temperature, and the cooling step The inoculation step of adding and mixing a desired mushroom inoculum to the obtained bacterium fungus bed composition for mushroom cultivation, the filling step of filling the product of the inoculation step into a mushroom cultivation bag or bottle, and the filling step A method for cultivating mushrooms, comprising a mycelium culturing step of maintaining the filled material under the culture conditions of mushroom fungi, and a step of generating mushroom fruit bodies.

6. The mushroom cultivation method according to claim 4, wherein the nutrient component sterilizing step, the oga powder sterilizing step, the cooling step, and the inoculating step are sequentially performed in the same closed stirrer.