The high temperature of HUAZIGU goes out mushroom cultivation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to fungus growing technique field, the high temperature fruiting particularly relating to a kind of HUAZIGU is planted
Culture method.
Background technology
HUAZIGU has another name called Pholiota nameko, Pholiota nameko, and Japan cries and receives U.S. mushroom, formal name used at school pholiotanamekio.
On botany classification belong to Eumycota, Basidiomycotina, Basidiomycetes, Agaricales, cortina Cordycepps,
Pholiota.Belong to rare kind, originate in Japan, from the seventies middle period, start from south, Liaoning Province
Area, existing main producing region is the ground such as northern Hebei, Liaoning, Heilungkiang.
HUAZIGU is a kind of low form mushrooms, and the cultivation of HUAZIGU is currently with wood flour as major ingredient, then joins
With Testa Tritici, Calx and some additives as adjuvant, along with culturing raw material reduces increasingly, its cultivation yield
And cultivation is regional, environmental condition is all restricted, it is impossible to meet the demand in market.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of cultivation low cost, yield height, is suitable to work
The high temperature of the HUAZIGU that factory's metaplasia is produced goes out mushroom cultivation method.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that
The high temperature of HUAZIGU goes out mushroom cultivation method, comprises the steps:
(1) culture medium preparation
Culture medium prescription includes the raw material of following mass percent: wood flour 65~75%, wheat bran 15~20%,
Calcium superphosphate 0.5~2%, Calx 0.5~2%, Gypsum Fibrosum 0.5~2%;Wherein, wood flour preferably employs wealthy
Leaf tree hardwood is considered to be worth doing, and wheat bran is as nutrient source.
The mixing of various raw materials being mixed thoroughly by culture medium prescription, moisture content in medium is 63~65%, pH value
7~7.5;
(2) culture medium pack
Culture medium is dispensed in pocket, the pocket of charged is put and forms cultivating bag without cotton neck ring;
(3) normal-pressure sterilization
Cultivating bag is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, and sterilising temp is maintained at more than 98 DEG C, continues sterilizing 8h;
(4) cooling
Cultivating bag after sterilizing is cooled to less than 22 DEG C in advance;
(5) inoculation
Sterile working;The inoculum concentration of strain is inoculation tree fungus one in every cultivating bag;
(6) training orientation
Culturing room is first cleaned, sterilizing;Postvaccinal cultivating bag is put in the culturing room of dark,
Training orientation is divided into early stage to cultivate, mid-term cultivates, the later stage cultivates three phases, the humidity of three phases
Control 60~70%, wherein:
Early stage is cultivated: cultivates indoor temperature and controls at 15~18 DEG C, training orientation 30~40d, cultivation
In bag, temperature controls below 22 DEG C;
Mid-term cultivates: cultivates indoor temperature and controls at 20~22 DEG C, and training orientation 20~30d is carried out
Scattered light is irradiated, and annesl, in cultivating bag, temperature controls below 25 DEG C;
Later stage cultivates: cultivates indoor temperature and controls, at 18~23 DEG C, to proceed the cultivation of 30~40d,
Control to cultivate indoor temperature and form the temperature difference, lay foundation for fruiting, culturing room's complete darkness, cultivating bag
Temperature controls at 20 ± 0.5 DEG C;
(7) bag is opened
Cultured cultivating bag is transported to mushroom room, takes off neck ring, cut bottom the pocket of bacterium rod growing
Fall, cut water supplement port in the bottom of culture medium, return moisturizing in time after bacterium;
(8) accelerating germination management
Accelerating germination condition: temperature controls at 12~18 DEG C, humidity >=90%, CO2Concentration 1800ppm with
Under;Illuminance is 300~800Lux;Germination time is 10~15d;
(9) growth management
Temperature controls at 12~18 DEG C, humidity >=90%, CO2Concentration 1300~1600ppm, fruiting
Peak period adds forced ventilation, and oxygen, temperature, humidity three are coordinated;
(10) gather
When HUAZIGU mushroom umbrella present Pleurotus ostreatus top, light yellow time, gather in time.
As preferably, in step (1), culture medium prescription includes the raw material of following mass percent: wood
Bits 75%, wheat bran 22%, calcium superphosphate 1%, Calx 1%, Gypsum Fibrosum 1%.
As preferably, in step (6), when the later stage cultivates, control temperature back and forth by refrigeration unit, control
The temperature difference in culturing room processed.
As preferably, in step (7), cut " well " font water supplement port in the bottom of culture medium.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the HUAZIGU not only yield that the inventive method produces is high, and
And complete appearance is attractive in appearance, and the high temperature season fresh mushroom of supply can be realized, it is possible to meet the needs in market;Raw
Produce low cost, be beneficial to realize objective economic benefit, carry out popularization and application.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.
The high temperature of HUAZIGU goes out mushroom cultivation method, comprises the steps:
(1) culture medium preparation
Culture medium prescription includes the raw material of following mass percent: broad leaf tree hardwood bits 75%, wheat bran 22%,
Calcium superphosphate 1%, Calx 1%, Gypsum Fibrosum 1%.The pocket dress 0.5kg siccative of each 17cm × 38cm;
The mixing of various raw materials being mixed thoroughly by culture medium prescription, moisture content in medium is 63~65%, pH value
7~7.5;
(2) culture medium pack
Culture medium punching press sack filling machine is dispensed in plastic bag, the pocket of charged is put without cotton neck
Circle forms cultivating bag;
(3) normal-pressure sterilization
Cultivating bag being carried out normal-pressure sterilization, cultivating bag is placed on plastic crate, entrucking is shifted onto in autoclave,
Going out steam bottom autoclave, temperature reaches 99 DEG C, timing and continuous 8h;
(4) cooling
Shift the cultivating bag after sterilizing onto fore-cooling room, lower the temperature by refrigeration unit, be cooled to less than 22 DEG C in advance;
(5) inoculation
Normal sterile operates;The inoculum concentration of strain is tree fungus one in every cultivating bag;
(6) training orientation
Culturing room is first cleaned, and sterilizes with antibacterial;Postvaccinal cultivating bag is put into the culturing room of dark
In, training orientation is divided into early stage to cultivate, mid-term cultivates, the later stage cultivates three phases, three phases
Humid control is 60~70%, wherein:
Early stage is cultivated: cultivates indoor temperature and controls at 15~18 DEG C, training orientation 30~40d, cultivation
In bag, temperature controls below 22 DEG C;
Mid-term cultivates: cultivates indoor temperature and controls at 20~22 DEG C, and training orientation 20~30d is carried out
Scattered light is irradiated, and annesl, in cultivating bag, temperature controls below 25 DEG C;
Later stage cultivates: cultivates indoor temperature and controls, at 18~23 DEG C, to proceed the cultivation of 30~40d,
Control temperature back and forth by refrigeration unit, manual control is cultivated indoor temperature and is formed the temperature difference, beats base for fruiting
Plinth, culturing room's complete darkness, the temperature of cultivating bag controls at 20 ± 0.5 DEG C;
(7) bag is opened
Cultured cultivating bag is transported to freezer mushroom room, takes off without cotton neck ring, growing moulding of bacterium rod
Pocket and bottom plastic slice off, and cut one " well " word mouth in the bottom of culture medium, return moisturizing in time after bacterium;
(8) accelerating germination management
Accelerating germination condition: temperature controls at 12~18 DEG C, humidity >=90%, CO2Concentration 1800ppm with
Under;Illuminance is 300~800Lux;Germination time is 10~15d;
(9) growth management
Temperature controls at 12~18 DEG C, humidity >=90%, CO2Concentration 1300~1600ppm, fruiting
Peak period adds forced ventilation, and oxygen, temperature, humidity three are coordinated;
(10) gather
When HUAZIGU mushroom umbrella present Pleurotus ostreatus top, light yellow time, gather in time.
(11) postharvest handling
HUAZIGU puts into 2~5 DEG C of freezer pre-coolings after gathering, during pre-cooling, every basket is staggered and stacks;For
Domestic market sales need pre-cooling 4h, need more than pre-cooling 8h for foreign markets;Cut head to exist
Carry out under the conditions of 18 DEG C, prune unclean epidermis and arrangement mushroom shape;Classification is carried out during cutting mushroom,
Mushroom bodies at different levels require mushroom lid rounding, and mushroom body is uniform, fresh, pure white;Use polyethylene knuckle plastic bag
Subpackage, evacuation preserves in tightening bag mouth and being moved into 0 DEG C of freezer.
The foregoing is only the schematic detailed description of the invention of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention's
Scope.Any those skilled in the art, institute on the premise of without departing from the design of the present invention and principle
The equivalent variations made and amendment, all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.