CN102318505B - Ganoderma lucidum potted landscape cultivation method - Google Patents
Ganoderma lucidum potted landscape cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a Ganoderma lucidum potted landscape cultivation method, which can solve the problem that the growth of Ganoderma lucidum fruit bodies is influenced because of insufficient nutrient compositions in substitute materials in the existing Ganoderma lucidum substitute material bag cultivation method, and can ensure the reliable growth of the Ganoderma lucidum fruit bodies at the same time by controlling factors such as temperature, humidity, illumination and the like. The method comprises the following steps of medium preparation, medium bagging and sterilization, inoculation and mushroom development and fruit body culture management. The method is characterized in that cotton seed hulls are used as a culture medium which comprises 85 parts to 90 parts by weight of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts to 15 parts by weight of any one, any two or three of corn powder, wheat powder and soybean powder, and 1 part to 2 parts by weight of gypsum powder; or sawdust is used as the culture medium which comprises 90 parts to 92 parts by weight of sawdust, 8 parts to 10 parts by weight of any one, any two or three of corn powder, wheat powder and soybean powder and 1 part to 2 parts by weight of gypsum powder.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mushroom cultivation technical field, be specially a kind of cultivation method of glossy ganoderma dish garden.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma is a kind of food and medicament dual-purpose fungi of preciousness, exactly likes " complying with one's wishes " because glossy ganoderma grows up to rear its, and implied meaning " is had good luck ", so it is loved by the people as a kind of ornamental plants potted landscape again.Present adopt for pocket of glossy ganoderma moulding cultivation planted mode more, it generally comprises substrate preparation, matrix pack sterilization, inoculation and a bacterium, fruit body is cultivated the steps such as management, the moulding of glossy ganoderma dish garden is cultivated and is often required sporophore growth healthy and strong, the reserve strength foot, and the generation material that present glossy ganoderma is cultivated generally only adopts wood chip or cotton seed hull as medium, its nutrition is not enough to satisfy the requirement that ganoderma lucidum fruitbody is cultivated, and the cultivation of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody is subject to ambient temperature, humidity, the impact of the factors such as illumination is larger, the cultivation difficulty is large, and the glossy ganoderma dish garden difficulty of particularly cultivating different modeling is larger.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of cultivation method of glossy ganoderma dish garden, it can solve existing glossy ganoderma for the problem that affects the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody growth in the pocket cultivation mode for the material nutrient composition is not enough, simultaneously, guarantee the reliable growth of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody by factors such as control temperature, humidity and illumination.
Its technical scheme is such, it may further comprise the steps: substrate preparation, matrix pack sterilization, inoculation and a bacterium and fruit body are cultivated management, it is characterized in that: described matrix with cotton seed hull as medium, by weight than comprising that 85 parts～90 parts of cotton seed hulls, corn flour, wheat flour, analysis for soybean powder a kind of or any two kinds combination or three kinds of combined ingredients wherein accounts for 1 part～2 parts of 10 parts～15 parts, land plaster; Perhaps, described matrix with wood chip as medium, by weight than comprising that 90 parts～92 parts of wood chips, corn flour, wheat flour, analysis for soybean powder a kind of or any two kinds combination or three kinds of combined ingredients wherein accounts for 1 part～2 parts of 8 parts～10 parts, land plaster.
It is further characterized in that:
Add water after described substrate preparation is good and fully mix thoroughly, guarantee that water content (weight ratio) is 55%～65% in the matrix, have 1～3 to drip to drip and be advisable to hold matrix;
Described matrix pack sterilization: the matrix after mixing thoroughly is packed into and is namely obtained the bacterium cylinder behind the cultivation bag, put into boiler after beating and inoculate the cave, sealing and carry out the steam sterilizing operation, 123 ℃～126 ℃ of temperature, insulation 45 minutes～75 minutes are taken out described bacterium cylinder behind described steam sterilizing in the wherein said boiler in boiler;
Described inoculation and a bacterium: described bacterium cylinder accesses the glossy ganoderma original seed under aseptic condition after the Boiler Steam sterilization, after described bacterium cylinder temperature drops to below 29 ℃, then described bacterium cylinder is moved into and sent out the cultivation of bacterium chamber, and a bacterium room temperature is controlled at 25 ℃～28 ℃;
Described fruit body is cultivated management: when described bacterium cylinder indoor described bacterium, its mycelia is dealt into to be moved into cultivating chamber with described bacterium cylinder carry out described fruit body and cultivate management two of composts or fertilisers of cultivating/a period of time, and described cultivation indoor temperature is controlled at that 22 ℃～32 ℃, air humidity are 85%～90%, illumination is controlled to be three minutes seven seconds sun for well.
It further is characterised in that: cultivate in the management process in described fruit body, according to the glossy ganoderma dish garden modeling requirement, in described sporophore growth process by adopt the suit mould, press or draw, CO in the bundle, controlled light direction, control culturing room
2The mode of concentration and grafting is carried out moulding to ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and is cultivated; Described suit mould is set in the mould that designs on the glossy ganoderma stroma, can cultivate into the glossy ganoderma moulding that is harmonious with described mold shape; CO in the described control culturing room
2Concentration, CO in the control air
2When concentration was higher than 0.1%, it can promote the growth of stem and suppress the cap growth, therefore, can pass through control CO
2Concentration is controlled the height of fruit body; Described pressure or draw refers to after the differentiation of glossy ganoderma cap, after described cap being depressed or hitched that the glossy ganoderma stem is backward and be pulled down to design attitude with rope one end with weight the rope other end is fixed in ground, makes the multi-disc cap of a glossy ganoderma to stretching, extension all around; Described bundle refers to when the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody children is tender a plurality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbodies be bundled with rope, and described a plurality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbodies just grow up to integral body when to be formed; Described controlled light direction, refer to because ganoderma lucidum fruitbody has its cap of phototaxis can be all the time stretches towards the direction of light source, therefore in the sporophore growth process, breaking up the bacterium bag direction of fruit body primordium or keeping the constant light source that changes of bacterium bag direction to inject direction according to Potted Landscape Modelling design, change, thereby cultivating to the cap of different directions growth; Described grafting, should be 14 ℃～22 ℃ of temperature constant, air humidity is carried out when above best 85%, select the children tender, the strong fruit body of vitality is as the grafting sesame, select stem sturdy, the vigorous fruit body of growing way is as basic sesame, select aseptic stainless steel knife that described grafting sesame is cut down, guarantee that the cutting face of described grafting sesame and the grafting face of described basic sesame fit like a glove, then the cutting face of described grafting sesame is fixed in the grafting face of described basic sesame and is fixed with bamboo let, 2cm is exposed in described bamboo let outer end, can not spray water after the grafting, if weather is arid, can in the irrigation canals and ditches of culturing room, pour water to guarantee that indoor air humidity is about 85%, to promote the growth of glossy ganoderma, to be grafted firmly takes out later described bamboo let after general 4 days, and grafting is namely finished in to be grafted the healing of growing fully; According to the moulding needs, can also carry out repeatedly grafting.
Adopt the inventive method to carry out the substituting stuff cultivation of glossy ganoderma dish garden, its beneficial effect is: in its generation, expect to have added in the matrix one or more of corn flour, wheat flour or analysis for soybean powder, thereby guaranteed that the matrix nutrition composition is sufficient, satisfies the requirement that ganoderma lucidum fruitbody is cultivated; Simultaneously, reach the reliable growth that set, stable temperature, humidity, illumination guarantee ganoderma lucidum fruitbody by control, thereby and in each process of growth of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody, adopt different modelling meanses to cultivate the glossy ganoderma dish garden of various moulding.
Embodiment
The cultivation method of glossy ganoderma dish garden of the present invention, it comprises following processing step:
At first carry out the preparation of matrix:
Embodiment one: matrix with cotton seed hull as medium, by weight than comprising totally 12.5 parts of 85 parts of cotton seed hulls, 2 parts of land plasters, corn flour and wheat flours; Perhaps, by weight than comprising totally 12.5 parts of 85 parts of cotton seed hulls, 2 parts of land plasters, analysis for soybean powder and wheat flours; Perhaps, by weight than comprising totally 12.5 parts of 85 parts of cotton seed hulls, 2 parts of land plasters, corn flour and analysis for soybean powder; In the matrix for preparing, add and fully mix thoroughly after discharging water, guarantee that water content (weight ratio) is 55%～65% in the matrix, have 1～3 to drip to drip and be advisable to hold matrix;
Embodiment two: adopt with cotton seed hull as medium, by weight than comprising 87.5 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of analysis for soybean powder, 1 part of land plaster; Perhaps, by weight than comprising 87.5 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of wheat flours, 1 part of land plaster; Perhaps, by weight than comprising 87.5 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of corn flour, 1 part of land plaster; In the matrix for preparing, add and fully mix thoroughly after discharging water, guarantee that water content (weight ratio) is 55%～65% in the matrix, have 1～3 to drip to drip and be advisable to hold matrix;
Embodiment three: adopt with cotton seed hull as medium, by weight than comprising totally 15 parts of 90 parts of cotton seed hulls, corn flour, wheat flour and analysis for soybean powder, 1.5 parts of land plasters, in the matrix for preparing, add and fully mix thoroughly after discharging water, guarantee that water content (weight ratio) is 55%～65% in the matrix, have 1～3 to drip to drip and be advisable to hold matrix;
Embodiment four: matrix with wood chip as medium, by weight than comprising totally 8 parts of 91 parts of wood chips, wheat flour and analysis for soybean powder, 1.5 parts of land plasters; Perhaps, by weight than comprising totally 8 parts of 91 parts of wood chips, wheat flour and corn flour, 1.5 parts of land plasters; Perhaps, by weight than comprising totally 8 parts of 91 parts of wood chips, corn flour and analysis for soybean powder, 1.5 parts of land plasters; In the matrix for preparing, add and fully mix thoroughly after discharging water, guarantee that water content (weight ratio) is 55%～65% in the matrix, have 1～3 to drip to drip and be advisable to hold matrix;
Embodiment five: matrix with wood chip as medium, by weight than comprising 90 parts of wood chips, 10 parts of wheat flours, 1 part of land plaster; Perhaps, by weight than comprising 90 parts of wood chips, 10 parts of corn flour, 1 part of land plaster; Perhaps, by weight than comprising 90 parts of wood chips, 10 parts of analysis for soybean powder, 1 part of land plaster; In the matrix for preparing, add and fully mix thoroughly after discharging water, guarantee that water content (weight ratio) is 55%～65% in the matrix, have 1～3 to drip to drip and be advisable to hold matrix;
Embodiment six: matrix with wood chip as medium, by weight than comprising totally 9 parts of 92 parts of wood chips, corn flour, wheat flour and analysis for soybean powder, 2 parts of land plasters; In the matrix for preparing, add and fully mix thoroughly after discharging water, guarantee that water content (weight ratio) is 55%～65% in the matrix, have 1～3 to drip to drip and be advisable to hold matrix;
Then carry out pack sterilization and the inoculation of matrix and send out bacterium:
Embodiment one: the cultivation bag of packing into of the matrix after will mixing thoroughly namely obtains the bacterium cylinder, beats the bacterium cylinder to be put into boiler after inoculation cave, the sealing and carry out the steam sterilizing operation, and wherein 123 ℃ of temperature, insulation 60 minutes in the boiler taken out the bacterium cylinder behind the steam sterilizing in boiler; When bacterium cylinder temperature dropped to below 29 ℃, then access glossy ganoderma original seed was moved into described bacterium cylinder and is sent out the cultivation of bacterium chamber under aseptic condition, sends out a bacterium room temperature and is controlled at 25 ℃ after the sterilization; Two of composts or fertilisers of cultivating/a period of time the bacterium cylinder is moved into cultivating chamber and carry out fruit body and cultivate management when mycelia is dealt into, the cultivation indoor temperature is controlled at that 32 ℃, air humidity are 87.5%, illumination is controlled to be three minutes seven seconds sun for well;
Embodiment two: the cultivation bag of packing into of the matrix after will mixing thoroughly namely obtains the bacterium cylinder, beats the bacterium cylinder to be put into boiler after inoculation cave, the sealing and carry out the steam sterilizing operation, and wherein 126 ℃ of temperature, insulation 45 minutes in the boiler taken out the bacterium cylinder behind the steam sterilizing in boiler; When bacterium cylinder temperature dropped to below 29 ℃, then access glossy ganoderma original seed was moved into described bacterium cylinder and is sent out the cultivation of bacterium chamber under aseptic condition, sends out a bacterium room temperature and is controlled at 26.5 ℃ after the sterilization; Two of composts or fertilisers of cultivating/a period of time the bacterium cylinder is moved into cultivating chamber and carry out fruit body and cultivate management when mycelia is dealt into, the cultivation indoor temperature is controlled at that 22 ℃, air humidity are 90%, illumination is controlled to be three minutes seven seconds sun for well;
Embodiment three: the cultivation bag of packing into of the matrix after will mixing thoroughly namely obtains the bacterium cylinder, beats the bacterium cylinder to be put into boiler after inoculation cave, the sealing and carry out the steam sterilizing operation, and wherein 124.5 ℃ of temperature, insulation 75 minutes in the boiler taken out the bacterium cylinder behind the steam sterilizing in boiler; When bacterium cylinder temperature dropped to below 29 ℃, then access glossy ganoderma original seed was moved into described bacterium cylinder and is sent out the cultivation of bacterium chamber under aseptic condition, sends out a bacterium room temperature and is controlled at 28 ℃ after the sterilization; Two of composts or fertilisers of cultivating/a period of time the bacterium cylinder is moved into cultivating chamber and carry out fruit body and cultivate management when mycelia is dealt into, the cultivation indoor temperature is controlled at that 27 ℃, air humidity are 85%, illumination is controlled to be three minutes seven seconds sun for well;
In fruit body is cultivated management process, according to the glossy ganoderma dish garden modeling requirement, in the sporophore growth process by adopt the suit mould, press or draw, CO in the bundle, controlled light direction, control culturing room
2The mode of concentration and grafting is carried out moulding to ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and is cultivated; The suit mould is that the mould that will design is set on the glossy ganoderma stroma, can cultivate into the glossy ganoderma moulding that is harmonious with mold shape; CO in the control culturing room
2Concentration, CO in air
2When concentration was higher than 0.1%, it can promote the growth of stem and suppress the cap growth, therefore, can pass through control CO
2Concentration is controlled the height of fruit body; Press or draw, refer to after the differentiation of glossy ganoderma cap, after cap being depressed or hitched that the glossy ganoderma stem is backward and be pulled down to design attitude with rope one end with weight the rope other end is fixed in ground, make the multi-disc cap of a glossy ganoderma to stretching, extension all around; Bundle refers to when the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody children is tender a plurality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbodies be bundled with rope, and a plurality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbodies just grow up to integral body when to be formed; The controlled light direction, refer to because ganoderma lucidum fruitbody has its cap of phototaxis can be all the time stretches towards the direction of light source, therefore in the sporophore growth process according to the Potted Landscape Modelling design, change the bacterium cylinder direction of breaking up fruit body primordium or keep that bacterium cylinder direction is constant to change the light source incident direction, thereby cultivate the cap of growing to different directions; Grafting, should be 14 ℃～22 ℃ of temperature constant, air humidity is carried out when above best 85%, select the children tender, the strong fruit body of vitality is as the grafting sesame, select stem sturdy, the vigorous fruit body of growing way is as basic sesame, with aseptic stainless steel knife the grafting sesame is cut down, and guarantee that the cutting face of grafting sesame and the grafting face of basic sesame fit like a glove, then the cutting face of grafting sesame is fixed in the grafting face of basic sesame and is fixed with bamboo let, 2cm pulling out with bamboo let after making things convenient for grafting face firmly exposed in the bamboo let outer end, can not spray water after the grafting, if weather is arid, can in the irrigation canals and ditches of culturing room, pour water to guarantee that indoor air humidity is about 85%, thereby promote the growth of glossy ganoderma, to be grafted firmly takes out later bamboo let after general 4 days, and grafting is namely finished in to be grafted the healing of growing fully; According to the moulding needs, can also carry out repeatedly grafting to obtain multi-level glossy ganoderma moulding.In fruit body moulding incubation, can select corresponding sculpting method in the different phase of sporophore growth according to the modeling requirement of prior design, also can merge use by multiple sculpting method, thereby cultivate the glossy ganoderma dish garden of different shape.
Claims (2)
1. the cultivation method of a glossy ganoderma dish garden, it may further comprise the steps: substrate preparation, matrix pack sterilization, inoculation and a bacterium and fruit body are cultivated management, it is characterized in that: described matrix with cotton seed hull as medium, by weight than comprising that 85 parts～90 parts of cotton seed hulls, corn flour, wheat flour, analysis for soybean powder a kind of or any two kinds combination or three kinds of combined ingredients wherein accounts for 1 part～2 parts of 10 parts～15 parts, land plaster; Perhaps, described matrix with wood chip as medium, by weight than comprising that 90 parts～92 parts of wood chips, corn flour, wheat flour, analysis for soybean powder a kind of or any two kinds combination or three kinds of combined ingredients wherein accounts for 1 part～2 parts of 8 parts～10 parts, land plaster; Add water after described substrate preparation is good and fully mix thoroughly, guarantee that water content is 55%～65% in the matrix, have 1～3 to drip and drip to hold matrix; Described matrix pack sterilization: the matrix after mixing thoroughly is packed into and is namely obtained the bacterium cylinder behind the cultivation bag, put into boiler after beating and inoculate the cave, sealing and carry out the steam sterilizing operation, 123 ℃～126 ℃ of wherein said boiler temperatures, insulation 45 minutes～75 minutes are taken out described bacterium cylinder behind described steam sterilizing in boiler; Described inoculation and a bacterium: described bacterium cylinder accesses the glossy ganoderma original seed under aseptic condition after the Boiler Steam sterilization, after described bacterium cylinder temperature drops to below 29 ℃, then described bacterium cylinder is moved into and sent out the cultivation of bacterium chamber, and a bacterium room temperature is controlled at 25 ℃～28 ℃; Described fruit body is cultivated management: when described bacterium cylinder indoor described bacterium, its mycelia is dealt into to be moved into cultivating chamber with described bacterium cylinder carry out described fruit body and cultivate management two of composts or fertilisers of cultivating/a period of time, and described cultivation indoor temperature is controlled at that 22 ℃～32 ℃, air humidity are 85%～90%, illumination is controlled to be three minutes seven seconds sun; Cultivate in the management process in described fruit body, according to the glossy ganoderma dish garden modeling requirement, in described sporophore growth process by adopt the suit mould, press or draw, CO in the bundle, controlled light direction, control culturing room
2The mode of concentration and grafting is carried out moulding to ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and is cultivated.
2. the cultivation method of a kind of glossy ganoderma dish garden according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described suit mould, the mould that designs is set on the glossy ganoderma stroma, and can cultivate into the glossy ganoderma moulding that is harmonious with described mold shape; CO in the described control culturing room
2Concentration, CO in the control air
2When concentration was higher than 0.1%, it can promote the growth of stem and suppress the cap growth, therefore, can pass through control CO
2Concentration is controlled the height of fruit body; Described pressure or draw refers to after the differentiation of glossy ganoderma cap, after described cap being depressed or hitched that the glossy ganoderma stem is backward and be pulled down to design attitude with rope one end with weight the rope other end is fixed in ground, makes the multi-disc cap of a glossy ganoderma to stretching, extension all around; Described bundle refers to when the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody children is tender a plurality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbodies be bundled with rope, and described a plurality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbodies just grow up to integral body when to be formed; Described controlled light direction, refer to because ganoderma lucidum fruitbody has its cap of phototaxis can be all the time stretches towards the direction of light source, therefore in the sporophore growth process, breaking up the bacterium bag direction of fruit body primordium or keeping the constant light source that changes of bacterium bag direction to inject direction according to Potted Landscape Modelling design, change, thereby cultivating to the cap of different directions growth; Described grafting, should be 14 ℃～22 ℃ of temperature constant, air humidity is carried out when above 85%, select the children tender, the strong fruit body of vitality is as the grafting sesame, select stem sturdy, the vigorous fruit body of growing way is as basic sesame, select aseptic stainless steel knife that described grafting sesame is cut down, guarantee that the cutting face of described grafting sesame and the grafting face of described basic sesame fit like a glove, then the cutting face of described grafting sesame is fixed in the grafting face of described basic sesame and is fixed with bamboo let, 2cm is exposed in described bamboo let outer end, do not spray water after the grafting, if weather is arid, in the irrigation canals and ditches of culturing room, pour water to guarantee that indoor air humidity is about 85%, to promote the growth of glossy ganoderma, to be grafted firmly takes out later described bamboo let after general 4 days, and grafting is namely finished in to be grafted the healing of growing fully; According to the moulding needs, carry out repeatedly grafting.
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| CN103026897A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-04-10 | 昭平县农业局 | Lucid ganoderma bonsai grafting method |
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| CN104584861B (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2016-08-10 | 张振 | The cultivation of a kind of Ganoderma wild mushroom and mould grafting activate shaping methods |
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| CN107593271A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-01-19 | 山东理工大学 | The cultural method of glossy ganoderma dish garden |
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| CN113615478A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-09 | 武汉生物工程学院 | Preparation method of palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai |
| CN115530005B (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-06-23 | 韶关市五马寨菌业有限公司 | Method for rapid propagation of sweet ganoderma lucidum through tissue culture |
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