CN102318505A - Ganoderma lucidum potted landscape cultivation method - Google Patents
Ganoderma lucidum potted landscape cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a Ganoderma lucidum potted landscape cultivation method, which can solve the problem that the growth of Ganoderma lucidum fruit bodies is influenced because of insufficient nutrient compositions in substitute materials in the existing Ganoderma lucidum substitute material bag cultivation method, and can ensure the reliable growth of the Ganoderma lucidum fruit bodies at the same time by controlling factors such as temperature, humidity, illumination and the like. The method comprises the following steps of medium preparation, medium bagging and sterilization, inoculation and mushroom development and fruit body culture management. The method is characterized in that cotton seed hulls are used as a culture medium which comprises 85 parts to 90 parts by weight of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts to 15 parts by weight of any one, any two or three of corn powder, wheat powder and soybean powder, and 1 part to 2 parts by weight of gypsum powder; or sawdust is used as the culture medium which comprises 90 parts to 92 parts by weight of sawdust, 8 parts to 10 parts by weight of any one, any two or three of corn powder, wheat powder and soybean powder and 1 part to 2 parts by weight of gypsum powder.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mushroom cultivation technical field, be specially a kind of cultivation method of glossy ganoderma dish garden.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma is a kind of food and medicament dual-purpose fungi of preciousness, and it exactly likes " complying with one's wishes " because glossy ganoderma grows up to the back, and implied meaning " is had good luck ", so it is loved by the people as a kind of ornamental plants potted landscape again.Present adopt of glossy ganoderma moulding cultivation planted mode for pocket more; Comprise as the one of which that matrix preparation, matrix pack sterilization, inoculation and a bacterium, fruit body is cultivated steps such as management; The moulding of glossy ganoderma dish garden is cultivated and is often required sporophore growth stalwartness, reserve strength foot; And the generation material that present glossy ganoderma is cultivated generally only adopts wood chip or cotton seed hull as medium, and its nutrition is not enough to satisfy the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody culture requirement, and the cultivation of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody to receive the influence of factors such as ambient temperature, humidity, illumination bigger; The cultivation difficulty is big, and the glossy ganoderma dish garden difficulty of particularly cultivating different modeling is bigger.
Summary of the invention
To the problems referred to above; The invention provides a kind of cultivation method of glossy ganoderma dish garden; It can solve existing glossy ganoderma and plant in the mode for pocket and influence the problem that ganoderma lucidum fruitbody is grown for the material nutrient composition is not enough; Simultaneously, guarantee the reliable growth of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody through factors such as control temperature, humidity and illumination.
Its technical scheme is such; It may further comprise the steps: matrix preparation, matrix pack sterilization, inoculation and a bacterium and fruit body are cultivated management; It is characterized in that: said matrix with cotton seed hull as medium, by weight than comprise 85 parts～90 parts of cotton seed hulls, corn flour, wheat flour, analysis for soybean powder wherein a kind of, or any two kinds combination or three kinds of combined ingredients account for 1 part～2 parts of 10 parts～15 parts, land plaster; Perhaps, said matrix with wood chip as medium, by weight than comprise 90 parts～92 parts of wood chips, corn flour, wheat flour, analysis for soybean powder wherein a kind of, or any two kinds combination or three kinds of combined ingredients account for 1 part～2 parts of 8 parts～10 parts, land plaster.
It is further characterized in that:
Add water after said matrix prepares and fully mix thoroughly, guarantee that water content (weight ratio) is 55%～65% in the matrix, have 1～3 to drip to drip and be advisable to hold matrix;
Said matrix pack sterilization: the matrix after mixing thoroughly is packed into and is promptly obtained the bacterium tube behind the cultivation bag; Put into boiler after beating and inoculate the cave, sealing and carry out the steam sterilizing operation; 123 ℃～126 ℃ of temperature, insulation 45 minutes～75 minutes are taken out said bacterium tube behind said steam sterilizing in the wherein said boiler in boiler;
Said inoculation and send out bacterium: said bacterium tube through Boiler Steam sterilization back, treat that said bacterium tube temperature drops to back below 29 ℃ and under aseptic condition, inserts the glossy ganoderma original seed, said bacterium tube is moved into sent out the cultivation of bacterium chamber then, a bacterium room temperature is controlled at 25 ℃～28 ℃;
Said fruit body is cultivated management: when said bacterium tube indoor said bacterium; Its mycelia is dealt into to be moved into cultivating chamber with said bacterium tube carry out said fruit body and cultivate management two of composts or fertilisers of cultivating/a period of time, and said cultivation indoor temperature is controlled at that 22 ℃～32 ℃, air humidity are 85%～90%, illumination is controlled to be three minutes seven seconds sun for well.
It further is characterised in that: cultivate in the management process in said fruit body, according to the glossy ganoderma dish garden modeling requirement, in said sporophore growth process through adopting the suit mould, press or draw, tie, control direction of illumination, controlling CO in the culturing room
2The mode of concentration and grafting is carried out moulding to ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and is cultivated; Said suit mould is set in the mould that designs on the glossy ganoderma stroma, can cultivate the glossy ganoderma moulding that is harmonious with said mold shape; CO in the said control culturing room
2Concentration, CO in control air
2Concentration is higher than at 0.1% o'clock, and it can promote the growth of stem and suppress the cap growth, therefore, can pass through control CO
2Concentration is controlled the height of fruit body; Said pressure or draw refers to after the differentiation of glossy ganoderma cap, with weight depress said cap or hitch the glossy ganoderma stem with rope one end after after being pulled down to design attitude, the rope other end is fixed in ground, the multi-disc cap that makes a glossy ganoderma is to stretching, extension all around; Said bundle, be meant when the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody children is tender a plurality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbodies are bundled with rope that said a plurality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbodies just grow up to integral body when to be formed; Said control direction of illumination; Refer to because ganoderma lucidum fruitbody has its cap of phototaxis can be all the time stretches towards the direction of light source; Therefore in the sporophore growth process according to the potted landscape shape-designing, change the bacterium bag direction of breaking up fruit body primordium, or keep the constant light source that changes of bacterium bag direction to inject direction, thereby cultivate the cap of growing to different directions; Said grafting should be carried out when above preferably in 14 ℃～22 ℃ of temperature constant, air humidity 85%, select the children is tender, vitality is strong fruit body as the grafting sesame; Select for use stem is sturdy, growing way is vigorous fruit body as basic sesame, select for use aseptic stainless steel knife that said grafting sesame is cut down, guarantee that cutting face of said grafting sesame and the grafting face of said basic sesame fit like a glove; Then the grafting face of said basic sesame is fixed in the cutting face of said grafting sesame and fixes with bamboo let; 2cm is exposed in said bamboo let outer end, can not spray water after the grafting, if the weather arid; Can in the irrigation canals and ditches of culturing room, pour water to guarantee that indoor air humidity is about 85%; To promote the growth of glossy ganoderma, to treat after general 4 days to take out said bamboo let after grafting face is firmly, the grafting face of treating is grown fully to heal and is promptly accomplished grafting; According to the moulding needs, can also carry out repeatedly grafting.
Adopt the inventive method to carry out the substituting stuff cultivation of glossy ganoderma dish garden, its beneficial effect is: added one or more of corn flour, wheat flour or analysis for soybean powder in generation in its material matrix, thereby guaranteed that the matrix nutrition composition is sufficient, satisfies the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody culture requirement; Simultaneously, reach the reliable growth that set, stable temperature, humidity, illumination guarantee ganoderma lucidum fruitbody, thereby and in each process of growth of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody, adopt the different moulding means to cultivate the glossy ganoderma dish garden of various moulding through control.
Embodiment
The cultivation method of glossy ganoderma dish garden of the present invention, it comprises following processing step:
At first carry out the preparation of matrix:
Embodiment one: matrix with cotton seed hull as medium, by weight than comprising totally 12.5 parts of 85 parts of cotton seed hulls, 2 parts of land plasters, corn flour and wheat flours; Perhaps, by weight than comprising totally 12.5 parts of 85 parts of cotton seed hulls, 2 parts of land plasters, analysis for soybean powder and wheat flours; Perhaps, by weight than comprising totally 12.5 parts of 85 parts of cotton seed hulls, 2 parts of land plasters, corn flour and analysis for soybean powder; In the matrix for preparing, add and fully mix thoroughly after discharging water, guarantee that water content (weight ratio) is 55%～65% in the matrix, have 1～3 to drip to drip and be advisable to hold matrix;
Embodiment two: adopt with cotton seed hull as medium, by weight than comprising 87.5 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of analysis for soybean powder, 1 part of land plaster; Perhaps, by weight than comprising 87.5 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of wheat flours, 1 part of land plaster; Perhaps, by weight than comprising 87.5 parts of cotton seed hulls, 10 parts of corn flour, 1 part of land plaster; In the matrix for preparing, add and fully mix thoroughly after discharging water, guarantee that water content (weight ratio) is 55%～65% in the matrix, have 1～3 to drip to drip and be advisable to hold matrix;
Embodiment three: adopt with cotton seed hull as medium; By weight than comprising totally 15 parts of 90 parts of cotton seed hulls, corn flour, wheat flour and analysis for soybean powder, 1.5 parts of land plasters; In the matrix for preparing, add and fully mix thoroughly after discharging water; Guarantee that water content (weight ratio) is 55%～65% in the matrix, have 1～3 to drip to drip and be advisable to hold matrix;
Embodiment four: matrix with wood chip as medium, by weight than comprising totally 8 parts of 91 parts of wood chips, wheat flour and analysis for soybean powder, 1.5 parts of land plasters; Perhaps, by weight than comprising totally 8 parts of 91 parts of wood chips, wheat flour and corn flour, 1.5 parts of land plasters; Perhaps, by weight than comprising totally 8 parts of 91 parts of wood chips, corn flour and analysis for soybean powder, 1.5 parts of land plasters; In the matrix for preparing, add and fully mix thoroughly after discharging water, guarantee that water content (weight ratio) is 55%～65% in the matrix, have 1～3 to drip to drip and be advisable to hold matrix;
Embodiment five: matrix with wood chip as medium, by weight than comprising 90 parts of wood chips, 10 parts of wheat flours, 1 part of land plaster; Perhaps, by weight than comprising 90 parts of wood chips, 10 parts of corn flour, 1 part of land plaster; Perhaps, by weight than comprising 90 parts of wood chips, 10 parts of analysis for soybean powder, 1 part of land plaster; In the matrix for preparing, add and fully mix thoroughly after discharging water, guarantee that water content (weight ratio) is 55%～65% in the matrix, have 1～3 to drip to drip and be advisable to hold matrix;
Embodiment six: matrix with wood chip as medium, by weight than comprising totally 9 parts of 92 parts of wood chips, corn flour, wheat flour and analysis for soybean powder, 2 parts of land plasters; In the matrix for preparing, add and fully mix thoroughly after discharging water, guarantee that water content (weight ratio) is 55%～65% in the matrix, have 1～3 to drip to drip and be advisable to hold matrix;
Carry out the pack sterilization and the inoculation of matrix then and send out bacterium:
Embodiment one: the cultivation bag of packing into of the matrix after will mixing thoroughly promptly obtains the bacterium tube, beats the inoculation cave, the bacterium tube is put into boiler after sealing and carry out the steam sterilizing operation, and wherein 123 ℃ of temperature, insulation 60 minutes in the boiler taken out the bacterium tube behind the steam sterilizing in boiler; When bacterium tube temperature drops to below 29 ℃, under aseptic condition, insert the glossy ganoderma original seed after the sterilization, said bacterium tube is moved into sent out the cultivation of bacterium chamber then, send out a bacterium room temperature and be controlled at 25 ℃; Two of composts or fertilisers of cultivating/a period of time the bacterium tube is moved into cultivating chamber and carry out fruit body and cultivate management when mycelia is dealt into, the cultivation indoor temperature is controlled at that 32 ℃, air humidity are 87.5%, illumination is controlled to be three minutes seven seconds sun for well;
Embodiment two: the cultivation bag of packing into of the matrix after will mixing thoroughly promptly obtains the bacterium tube, beats the inoculation cave, the bacterium tube is put into boiler after sealing and carry out the steam sterilizing operation, and wherein 126 ℃ of temperature, insulation 45 minutes in the boiler taken out the bacterium tube behind the steam sterilizing in boiler; When bacterium tube temperature drops to below 29 ℃, under aseptic condition, insert the glossy ganoderma original seed after the sterilization, said bacterium tube is moved into sent out the cultivation of bacterium chamber then, send out a bacterium room temperature and be controlled at 26.5 ℃; Two of composts or fertilisers of cultivating/a period of time the bacterium tube is moved into cultivating chamber and carry out fruit body and cultivate management when mycelia is dealt into, the cultivation indoor temperature is controlled at that 22 ℃, air humidity are 90%, illumination is controlled to be three minutes seven seconds sun for well;
Embodiment three: the cultivation bag of packing into of the matrix after will mixing thoroughly promptly obtains the bacterium tube, beats the inoculation cave, the bacterium tube is put into boiler after sealing and carry out the steam sterilizing operation, and wherein 124.5 ℃ of temperature, insulation 75 minutes in the boiler taken out the bacterium tube behind the steam sterilizing in boiler; When bacterium tube temperature drops to below 29 ℃, under aseptic condition, insert the glossy ganoderma original seed after the sterilization, said bacterium tube is moved into sent out the cultivation of bacterium chamber then, send out a bacterium room temperature and be controlled at 28 ℃; Two of composts or fertilisers of cultivating/a period of time the bacterium tube is moved into cultivating chamber and carry out fruit body and cultivate management when mycelia is dealt into, the cultivation indoor temperature is controlled at that 27 ℃, air humidity are 85%, illumination is controlled to be three minutes seven seconds sun for well;
In fruit body is cultivated management process, according to the glossy ganoderma dish garden modeling requirement, in the sporophore growth process through adopting the suit mould, press or draw, tie, control direction of illumination, controlling CO in the culturing room
2The mode of concentration and grafting is carried out moulding to ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and is cultivated; The suit mould is that the mould that designs is set on the glossy ganoderma stroma, can cultivate the glossy ganoderma moulding that is harmonious with mold shape; CO in the control culturing room
2Concentration, CO in air
2Concentration is higher than at 0.1% o'clock, and it can promote the growth of stem and suppress the cap growth, therefore, can pass through control CO
2Concentration is controlled the height of fruit body; Press or draw, refer to after the differentiation of glossy ganoderma cap, with weight depress cap or hitch the glossy ganoderma stem with rope one end after after being pulled down to design attitude, the rope other end is fixed in ground, the multi-disc cap that makes a glossy ganoderma is to stretching, extension all around; Bundle, be meant when the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody children is tender a plurality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbodies are bundled with rope that a plurality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbodies just grow up to integral body when to be formed; The control direction of illumination; Refer to because ganoderma lucidum fruitbody has its cap of phototaxis can be all the time stretches towards the direction of light source; Therefore in the sporophore growth process according to the potted landscape shape-designing, change the bacterium tube direction of breaking up fruit body primordium, or keep that bacterium tube direction is constant to change the light source incident direction, thereby cultivate the cap of growing to different directions; Grafting should be carried out when above preferably in 14 ℃～22 ℃ of temperature constant, air humidity 85%, select the children is tender, vitality is strong fruit body as the grafting sesame; Select for use stem is sturdy, growing way is vigorous fruit body as basic sesame, the grafting sesame is cut down, and guarantee that cutting face of grafting sesame and the grafting face of basic sesame fit like a glove with aseptic stainless steel knife; Then the grafting face of basic sesame is fixed in the cutting face of grafting sesame and fixes with bamboo let; 2cm is exposed to make things convenient for firmly pulling out of back bamboo let of grafting face in the bamboo let outer end, can not spray water after the grafting, if the weather arid; Can in the irrigation canals and ditches of culturing room, pour water to guarantee that indoor air humidity is about 85%; Thereby promote the growth of glossy ganoderma, treat after general 4 days to take out bamboo let after grafting face firmly that the grafting face of treating is grown fully to heal and promptly accomplished grafting; According to the moulding needs, can also carry out repeatedly grafting to obtain multi-level glossy ganoderma moulding.In fruit body moulding incubation, can select corresponding sculpting method for use in the different phase of sporophore growth according to the modeling requirement of prior design, also can merge use by multiple sculpting method, thereby cultivate the glossy ganoderma dish garden of different shape.
Claims (7)
1. the cultivation method of a glossy ganoderma dish garden; It may further comprise the steps: matrix preparation, matrix pack sterilization, inoculation and a bacterium and fruit body are cultivated management; It is characterized in that: said matrix with cotton seed hull as medium, by weight than comprising that 85 parts～90 parts of cotton seed hulls, corn flour, wheat flour, analysis for soybean powder a kind of or any two kinds combination or three kinds of combined ingredients wherein accounts for 1 part～2 parts of 10 parts～15 parts, land plaster; Perhaps, said matrix with wood chip as medium, by weight than comprising that 90 parts～92 parts of wood chips, corn flour, wheat flour, analysis for soybean powder a kind of or any two kinds combination or three kinds of combined ingredients wherein accounts for 1 part～2 parts of 8 parts～10 parts, land plaster.
2. the cultivation method of a kind of glossy ganoderma dish garden according to claim 1 is characterized in that: add water after said matrix prepares and fully mix thoroughly, guarantee that water content (weight ratio) is 55%～65% in the matrix, have 1～3 to drip to drip and be advisable to hold matrix.
3. the cultivation method of a kind of glossy ganoderma dish garden according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: said matrix pack sterilization: the matrix after mixing thoroughly is packed into and is promptly obtained the bacterium tube behind the cultivation bag; Put into boiler after beating and inoculate the cave, sealing and carry out the steam sterilizing operation; 123 ℃～126 ℃ of wherein said boiler temperatures, insulation 45 minutes～75 minutes are taken out said bacterium tube behind said steam sterilizing in boiler.
4. the cultivation method of a kind of glossy ganoderma dish garden according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: said inoculation and send out bacterium: said bacterium tube through Boiler Steam sterilization back, treat that said bacterium tube temperature drops to the access glossy ganoderma original seed under aseptic condition of back below 29 ℃; Then said bacterium tube is moved into and sent out the cultivation of bacterium chamber, send out a bacterium room temperature and be controlled at 25 ℃～28 ℃.
5. the cultivation method of a kind of glossy ganoderma dish garden according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: said fruit body is cultivated management: when said bacterium tube indoor said bacterium; Its mycelia is dealt into to be moved into cultivating chamber with said bacterium tube carry out said fruit body and cultivate management two of composts or fertilisers of cultivating/a period of time, and said cultivation indoor temperature is controlled at that 22 ℃～32 ℃, air humidity are 85%～90%, illumination is controlled to be three minutes seven seconds sun for well.
6. the cultivation method of a kind of glossy ganoderma dish garden according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: cultivate in the management process in said fruit body; According to the glossy ganoderma dish garden modeling requirement, in said sporophore growth process through adopting the suit mould, press or draw, tie, control direction of illumination, controlling CO in the culturing room
2The mode of concentration and grafting is carried out moulding to ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and is cultivated.
7. the cultivation method of a kind of glossy ganoderma dish garden according to claim 6 is characterized in that: said suit mould, the mould that designs is set on the glossy ganoderma stroma, and can cultivate the glossy ganoderma moulding that is harmonious with said mold shape; CO in the said control culturing room
2Concentration, CO in control air
2Concentration is higher than at 0.1% o'clock, and it can promote the growth of stem and suppress the cap growth, therefore, can pass through control CO
2Concentration is controlled the height of fruit body; Said pressure or draw refers to after the differentiation of glossy ganoderma cap, with weight depress said cap or hitch the glossy ganoderma stem with rope one end after after being pulled down to design attitude, the rope other end is fixed in ground, the multi-disc cap that makes a glossy ganoderma is to stretching, extension all around; Said bundle, be meant when the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody children is tender a plurality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbodies are bundled with rope that said a plurality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbodies just grow up to integral body when to be formed; Said control direction of illumination; Refer to because ganoderma lucidum fruitbody has its cap of phototaxis can be all the time stretches towards the direction of light source; Therefore in the sporophore growth process according to the potted landscape shape-designing, change the bacterium bag direction of breaking up fruit body primordium, or keep the constant light source that changes of bacterium bag direction to inject direction, thereby cultivate the cap of growing to different directions; Said grafting should be carried out when above preferably in 14 ℃～22 ℃ of temperature constant, air humidity 85%, select the children is tender, vitality is strong fruit body as the grafting sesame; Select for use stem is sturdy, growing way is vigorous fruit body as basic sesame, select for use aseptic stainless steel knife that said grafting sesame is cut down, guarantee that cutting face of said grafting sesame and the grafting face of said basic sesame fit like a glove; Then the grafting face of said basic sesame is fixed in the cutting face of said grafting sesame and fixes with bamboo let; 2cm is exposed in said bamboo let outer end, can not spray water after the grafting, if the weather arid; Can in the irrigation canals and ditches of culturing room, pour water to guarantee that indoor air humidity is about 85%; To promote the growth of glossy ganoderma, to treat after general 4 days to take out said bamboo let after grafting face is firmly, the grafting face of treating is grown fully to heal and is promptly accomplished grafting; According to the moulding needs, can also carry out repeatedly grafting.
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| CN103026897A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-04-10 | 昭平县农业局 | Lucid ganoderma bonsai grafting method |
| CN103070015A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-05-01 | 于春艳 | Method for cultivating cut flower glossy ganoderma |
| CN103621312A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-12 | 熊家明 | Lucid ganoderma bonsai making stone as base and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN103070015B (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-04-16 | 于春艳 | Method for cultivating cut flower glossy ganoderma |
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| CN104584861B (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2016-08-10 | 张振 | The cultivation of a kind of Ganoderma wild mushroom and mould grafting activate shaping methods |
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| CN107593271A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-01-19 | 山东理工大学 | The cultural method of glossy ganoderma dish garden |
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| CN113615478A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-09 | 武汉生物工程学院 | Preparation method of palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai |
| CN115530005A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2022-12-30 | 韶关市五马寨菌业有限公司 | Method for tissue culture and rapid propagation of sweet ganoderma lucidum |
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