CN105940960B - A kind of soil covering culture method of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens - Google Patents
A kind of soil covering culture method of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens Download PDFInfo
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- CN105940960B CN105940960B CN201610427342.0A CN201610427342A CN105940960B CN 105940960 B CN105940960 B CN 105940960B CN 201610427342 A CN201610427342 A CN 201610427342A CN 105940960 B CN105940960 B CN 105940960B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soil covering culture methods of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens, from the preparation of lucidum strain, tea place interplanting prepares, de- bag arranges stick, sporophore growth management, adopt sesame, the several aspects of change of tide period management propose the cultural method in interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens of set of system, make full use of the artificial cultivation of tea place soil progress in the ranks ganoderma lucidum, a kind of new cultivation mode, it is the forest economy scope that national policy is encouraged, with good development potentiality, with practicability, it has realistic meaning for developing ganoderma lucidum industry, not only increase land utilization ratio, increase the income in tea place, with apparent economic benefit, the soil in the cultivation tea place of ganoderma lucidum plays mutually beneficial effect, effectively increase soil fertility, reduce the application of tea place chemical fertilizer, improve tea leaf quality, the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody quality of the more traditional indoor cultivation method for Ganoderma of the ganoderma lucidum of cultivation More excellent, polyoses content, triterpene content isoreactivity ingredient are significantly improved, and dry glossy ganoderma biological transformation ratio is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Interplanting technique of crop more particularly to a kind of soil covering culture methods of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens.
Background technique
Ganoderma lucidum (GanodermaLucidum Karst) is also known as polyporus lucidus, refreshing sesame, sesame grass, mesona etc., is Chinese tradition treasure
Precious medicinal material possesses more than 2000 years medicinal histories, and the magical treasure for being considered as strengthening by means of tonics by successive dynasties medicine man, strengthening the body resistance to consolidate the constitution has
Very high medical value.Through modern pharmacology and a large amount of clinical research confirmations, ganoderma lucidum adjusts blood for enhancing human immunity
Sugar, controls blood pressure, adjuvant therapy chemicotherapy, and liver protecting promotes sleep etc. to all have significant curative effect.
Before the 1980s, since ganoderma lucidum dosage is relatively fewer, in the market with the medicinal lucid ganoderma sold in pharmacy
To acquire based on wild resource；After the eighties, as glossy ganoderma medicinal function is constantly found, product development investment is increased, very
More ganoderma lucidum products continue to bring out, and medicinal herb grower is caused largely to acquire wild resource, and deforestation is changed to farmland in addition, seriously destroy original
Ecological environment so that ganoderma lucidum quantity resource declines rapidly, wild resource is far from satisfying the needs of product development, in the market
There is unbalanced supply-demand, promotes researcher to acquire Wild ganoderma and carry out artificial domesticating cultivation, yield is continuously increased, substantially meets
Market supply.But due to the limitation of cultivation technique and information, but the ganoderma lucidum industry development of China various regions is uneven, but people couple
The degree of recognition of the application effect of ganoderma lucidum is still being continuously increased, and in recent years, the price of ganoderma lucidum is relatively high in domestic city, wherein Shenzhen
Market highest price, per kilogram wholesale price at 500~800 yuan, the big cities such as Beijing, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Jiangsu price all 380~
800 yuan/kg, and the price of medium-sized city is in 300~500 yuan/kg.
The artificial cultivation of ganoderma lucidum is to carry out indoors or in facility plastic greenhouse mostly at present, and the cost is relatively high for Facilities Construction,
Much local tea place is more for southern region of China, extensively using arable land, if the Planting of ganoderma lucidum can be carried out using tea place soil
Training, it will bring technical revolution to the cultivation of ganoderma lucidum, there are also similar report and researchs at present, but there is cultivations
The problem of active constituent of the inadequate system of training management method, biological transformation ratio and fructification etc. is short of.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome problems of the prior art, the invention proposes a kind of effective use tea place rows
Between idle land, increase tea place income, improve plantation ganoderma lucidum biological transformation ratio and fructification active constituent and ganoderma lucidum quality, have
Effect improves the soil covering culture method of the interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens of Tea Garden Soil Fertility.
Technical solution: in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of tea place interplanting spirit
The soil covering culture method of sesame, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of lucidum strain:
A following preparation culture material calculated by mass: major ingredient 75%-93%, corn flour 5%-22%, phosphate fertilizer 0.5%-) is pressed
1%, land plaster 1%, lime 1% adjusts water content to 60%-65%；
B) spice: press step A) proportion, by major ingredient is first claimed, claim afterwards the sequence of other auxiliary materials accurately weigh each nutrition at
Point；The ingredient that spice will first be insoluble in water carries out dry mixing, then soluble easily in water be dissolved in the water, and is made mother liquor, and when spice is every
Secondary plus water is fetched water from mother vat, while waterside is added to stir, until the water content of compost is transferred to 60%-65%, adjusts pH
Value is 7.0~8.0；
C it) packs, sterilize: selecting 17~20cm × 33~35cm × 0.05mm single radial cut polypropylene plastics pocket, every sacked material is high
Degree is 15~18cm, siccative weight 0.5-0.7kg, wet feed weight 1.1-1.2kg, left hand pulling bag mouth when charging, right hand charging, side rim
Compacting, it is desirable that be compacted along bag wall surrounding, to reach loose in outer reality, pine, is finally tied sack with tied silk at sack in lower reality
Or with matched lantern ring+lid seal；Charged cultivation material bag is sterilized in time；
D) be inoculated with: inoculation, which drops to 25 DEG C or less to cultivation material bag temperature, to be inoculated with by sterile working regulation；
E) bacteria developing period culture: the cultivation material bag after inoculation being put in 20~22 DEG C of bacteria-producing rooms and is cultivated, and discharges 2~4 layered materials
Height, will check room temperature, material temperature daily, and 1~2h of timing ventilation keeps place dry；It is primary every 7d turning, inside and outside, upper and lower change
Change place；
F) flower bud: i.e. openable sack after mycelia covers with compost 3-5 days moves into mushroom producing room, and cultivation material bag is straight
It stands up on cultivating stand or on the ground；Temperature controls within the scope of 25-28 DEG C, and relative air humidity is maintained at 90-95%；It keeps out
The indoor well-ventilated of mushroom；
(2) tea place interplanting prepares: after spring tea harvesting, carrying out the conventional trimming and management in tea place immediately, is repaired by the end of April
It cuts, tea tree shoot young leaves covers with 2/3 in the ranks after 30 days, at this point, natural temperature is also suitble to the sesame temperature out of ganoderma lucidum, carries out tea place
In the ranks cultivate the preparation in cave: the spacing in cleaning tea place weeds in the ranks → open cave, size 15cm*15cm, cave and cave is 40cm
It is irrigated in → cave with the limewash of pH value 7-8；
(3) take off bag and arrange stick: as long bag outlet 0.5cm of former base or so, i.e., available single-edge blade is at from bacteria stick sack 1/3
Standardized circle takes off the polybag of bacteria stick bottom 2/3；Bacteria stick after de- bag is vertically placed in cave → is covered around bacteria stick
Soil → be compacted in earthing → wet, covering sunshade net, guarantee sunshade rate 85% are finally poured with the limewash of pH7-8；
(4) sporophore growth management: maintaining natural temperature, is dropped if meeting high temperature using watering or capping cover from sun etc.
Temperature；Weeds need to be cleared up in time in ganoderma lucidum fruitbody growth period, with the generation of preventing disease and pest；
(5) adopt sesame: when Ganoderma Lucidum cap surface obviously has conidia powder, white growth circle in cap edge disappears and switchs to reddish brown
It should be harvested immediately when color, 2d~3d stops spraying water to fructification before harvesting；It is cut or is cut from stem lower part with sharp knife or secateurs,
The stem of about 1cm long is left, so that lower damp sesame is formed；
(6) change of tide period management: interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens can harvest 2-3 tide, after the first damp sesame harvesting, with the lime of pH value 7-8
Water irrigates earthing around bacteria stick, just covers with white callus in sesame handle clip after 10-15d, and can grow fructification.
More preferably, the big and thick kind of selection sesame piece in the step (1).
More preferably, major ingredient is cotton seed hulls 63%, wheat bran or rice bran 30% in culture material in step (1) A.
More preferably, major ingredient is sawdust 35%, cotton seed hulls 35%, wheat bran or rice bran in culture material in step (1) A
18%.
More preferably, major ingredient is corncob 40%, sawdust 35% in culture material in step (1) A.
More preferably, phosphate fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate or calcium superphosphate in step (1) A.
More preferably, sterilizing uses high pressure steam sterilization in step (1) C, in 121 DEG C of 1~2h of holding.
More preferably, sterilizing is sterilized using normal-pressure sterilization method in step (1) C, keeps 12h at 100 DEG C.
The utility model has the advantages that a kind of soil covering culture method of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens provided by the invention, from the preparation of lucidum strain,
Tea place interplanting prepares, de- bag row stick, sporophore growth management, adopts sesame, the several aspects of change of tide period management propose set of system
In the cultural method of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens, the artificial cultivation of tea place soil progress in the ranks ganoderma lucidum, a kind of new cultivation are made full use of
Mode is the forest economy scope that national policy is encouraged, has good development potentiality, has practicability, it is for development spirit
Sesame industry has realistic meaning, not only increases land utilization ratio, increases the income in tea place, has apparent economic benefit, spirit
The soil in the cultivation tea place of sesame plays mutually beneficial effect, effectively increases soil fertility, reduces the application of tea place chemical fertilizer, improves tea
The ganoderma lucidum fruitbody quality of leaf quality, the more traditional indoor cultivation method for Ganoderma of the ganoderma lucidum of cultivation is more excellent, and polyoses content, triterpene content etc. are living
Property ingredient be significantly improved, dry glossy ganoderma biological transformation ratio is high.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of soil covering culture method of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens, cultivation season selection start bag making by the end of April, start by the end of May
Bag goes out sesame, out 50-60 days sesame phase, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) preparation of lucidum strain: since interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens are influenced by natural climate, collection conidia powder difficulty is big,
Select sesame piece big and thick kind, in favor of obtaining high yield, stable yields:
A following preparation culture material calculated by mass: cotton seed hulls 62.5%, wheat bran or rice bran 30%, corn flour 5%, phosphorus) is pressed
Acid dihydride potassium 0.5%, land plaster 1%, lime 1% adjust water content to 60%-65%；
B) spice: press step A) proportion, by major ingredient is first claimed, claim afterwards the sequence of other auxiliary materials accurately weigh each nutrition at
Point；The ingredient that spice will first be insoluble in water carries out dry mixing, then soluble easily in water be dissolved in the water, and is made mother liquor, and when spice is every
Secondary plus water is fetched water from mother vat, while waterside is added to stir, until the water content of compost is transferred to 60%-65%, adjusts pH
Value is 7.0~8.0；
C it) packs, sterilize: selecting 17~20cm × 33~35cm × 0.05mm single radial cut polypropylene plastics pocket, every sacked material is high
Degree is 15~18cm, siccative weight 0.5-0.7kg, wet feed weight 1.1-1.2kg, left hand pulling bag mouth when charging, right hand charging, side rim
Compacting, it is desirable that be compacted along bag wall surrounding, to reach loose in outer reality, pine, is finally tied sack with tied silk at sack in lower reality
Or with matched lantern ring+lid seal；Charged cultivation material bag is sterilized in time；Using high pressure steam sterilization, at 121 DEG C
Keep 1-2h；
D) be inoculated with: inoculation, which drops to 25 DEG C or less to cultivation material bag temperature, to be inoculated with by sterile working regulation, operate
After the disinfection of personnel's both hands, alcolhol burner is lighted, carries out strain bag with 70% cotton ball soaked in alcohol or first soap powder liquid wiping original seed bag surface
Disinfection；It is gently rotated with the right hand and dials lower original seed plug, then original seed is placed on inoculation frame, nothing of the sack in alcolhol burner flame
Bacterium area；Hand takes the calcination on lamp flame of inoculation tweezer or spoon to sterilize；It opens vaccine bag or pulls out vaccine bag tampon；By what is sterilized
Inoculation hoe is protruded into strain bag by the aseptic area of flame, is first cooled down, then 3~4 spoons of strains of picking are inoculated in connecing for cultivation Bag Material
In kind cave；Tampon or cover lantern ring beyond the Great Wall；
E) bacteria developing period culture: the cultivation material bag after inoculation being put in 20~22 DEG C of bacteria-producing rooms and is cultivated, and discharges 2~4 layered materials
Height, will check room temperature, material temperature daily, and 1~2h of timing ventilation keeps place dry；It is primary every 7d turning, inside and outside, upper and lower change
Change place；
F) flower bud: i.e. openable sack after mycelia covers with compost 3-5 days moves into mushroom producing room, and cultivation material bag is straight
It stands up on cultivating stand or on the ground；Temperature controls within the scope of 25-28 DEG C, and otherwise compost surface mycelia can be sallow, air phase
90-95% is maintained to humidity；Keep the indoor well-ventilated of fruiting；
(2) tea place interplanting prepares: after spring tea harvesting, carrying out the conventional trimming and management in tea place immediately, is repaired by the end of April
It cuts, tea tree shoot young leaves covers with 2/3 in the ranks after 30 days, at this point, natural temperature is also suitble to the sesame temperature out of ganoderma lucidum, carries out tea place
In the ranks cultivate the preparation in cave: the spacing in cleaning tea place weeds in the ranks → open cave, size 15cm*15cm, cave and cave is 40cm
It is irrigated in → cave with the limewash of pH value 7-8；
(3) take off bag and arrange stick: as long bag outlet 0.5cm of former base or so, i.e., available single-edge blade is at from bacteria stick sack 1/3
Standardized circle takes off the polybag of bacteria stick bottom 2/3；Bacteria stick after de- bag is vertically placed in cave → is covered around bacteria stick
Soil → be compacted in earthing → finally poured with the limewash of pH7-8 is wet, covers sunshade net, guarantees sunshade rate 85%, tea place is
Canopy formula then covers the sunshade net that sunshade rate is 85% directly on canopy；If open country tea place, then sunshade net need to be in the ranks covered in tea；
(4) sporophore growth management: maintaining natural temperature, is dropped if meeting high temperature using watering or capping cover from sun etc.
Temperature；Weeds need to be cleared up in time in ganoderma lucidum fruitbody growth period, with the generation of preventing disease and pest；
(5) adopt sesame: when Ganoderma Lucidum cap surface obviously has conidia powder, white growth circle in cap edge disappears and switchs to reddish brown
It should be harvested immediately when color, 2d~3d stops spraying water to fructification before harvesting；It is cut or is cut from stem lower part with sharp knife or secateurs,
The stem of about 1cm long is left, so that lower damp sesame is formed；
(6) change of tide period management: interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens can harvest 2-3 tide, after the first damp sesame harvesting, with the lime of pH value 7-8
Water irrigates earthing around bacteria stick, just covers with white callus in sesame handle clip after 10-15d, and can grow fructification.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of soil covering culture method of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens, cultivation season selection start bag making by the end of April, start by the end of May
Bag goes out sesame, out 50-60 days sesame phase, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) preparation of lucidum strain: since interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens are influenced by natural climate, collection conidia powder difficulty is big,
Select sesame piece big and thick kind, in favor of obtaining high yield, stable yields:
A following preparation culture material calculated by mass: sawdust 34.5%, cotton seed hulls 35%, wheat bran or rice bran 18%) is pressed, it is beautiful
Rice flour 10%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, land plaster 1%, lime 1% adjust water content to 60%-65%；
B) spice: press step A) proportion, by major ingredient is first claimed, claim afterwards the sequence of other auxiliary materials accurately weigh each nutrition at
Point；The ingredient that spice will first be insoluble in water carries out dry mixing, then soluble easily in water be dissolved in the water, and is made mother liquor, and when spice is every
Secondary plus water is fetched water from mother vat, while waterside is added to stir, until the water content of compost is transferred to 60%-65%, adjusts pH
Value is 7.0~8.0；
C it) packs, sterilize: selecting 17~20cm × 33~35cm × 0.05mm single radial cut polypropylene plastics pocket, every sacked material is high
Degree is 15~18cm, siccative weight 0.5-0.7kg, wet feed weight 1.1-1.2kg, left hand pulling bag mouth when charging, right hand charging, side rim
Compacting, it is desirable that be compacted along bag wall surrounding, to reach loose in outer reality, pine, is finally tied sack with tied silk at sack in lower reality
Or with matched lantern ring+lid seal；Charged cultivation material bag is sterilized in time；Using normal-pressure sterilization method, protected at 100 DEG C
Hold 12h；
D) be inoculated with: inoculation, which drops to 25 DEG C or less to cultivation material bag temperature, to be inoculated with by sterile working regulation, operate
After the disinfection of personnel's both hands, alcolhol burner is lighted, carries out strain bag with 70% cotton ball soaked in alcohol or first soap powder liquid wiping original seed bag surface
Disinfection；It is gently rotated with the right hand and dials lower original seed plug, then original seed is placed on inoculation frame, nothing of the sack in alcolhol burner flame
Bacterium area；Hand takes the calcination on lamp flame of inoculation tweezer or spoon to sterilize；It opens vaccine bag or pulls out vaccine bag tampon；By what is sterilized
Inoculation hoe is protruded into strain bag by the aseptic area of flame, is first cooled down, then 3~4 spoons of strains of picking are inoculated in connecing for cultivation Bag Material
In kind cave；Tampon or cover lantern ring beyond the Great Wall；
E) bacteria developing period culture: the cultivation material bag after inoculation being put in 20~22 DEG C of bacteria-producing rooms and is cultivated, and discharges 2~4 layered materials
Height, will check room temperature, material temperature daily, and 1~2h of timing ventilation keeps place dry；It is primary every 7d turning, inside and outside, upper and lower change
Change place；
F) flower bud: i.e. openable sack after mycelia covers with compost 3-5 days moves into mushroom producing room, and cultivation material bag is straight
It stands up on cultivating stand or on the ground；Temperature controls within the scope of 25-28 DEG C, and otherwise compost surface mycelia can be sallow, air phase
90-95% is maintained to humidity；Keep the indoor well-ventilated of fruiting；
(2) tea place interplanting prepares: after spring tea harvesting, carrying out the conventional trimming and management in tea place immediately, is repaired by the end of April
It cuts, tea tree shoot young leaves covers with 2/3 in the ranks after 30 days, at this point, natural temperature is also suitble to the sesame temperature out of ganoderma lucidum, carries out tea place
In the ranks cultivate the preparation in cave: the spacing in cleaning tea place weeds in the ranks → open cave, size 15cm*15cm, cave and cave is 40cm
It is irrigated in → cave with the limewash of pH value 7-8；
(3) take off bag and arrange stick: as long bag outlet 0.5cm of former base or so, i.e., available single-edge blade is at from bacteria stick sack 1/3
Standardized circle takes off the polybag of bacteria stick bottom 2/3；Bacteria stick after de- bag is vertically placed in cave → is covered around bacteria stick
Soil → be compacted in earthing → finally poured with the limewash of pH7-8 is wet, covers sunshade net, guarantees sunshade rate 85%, tea place is
Canopy formula then covers the sunshade net that sunshade rate is 85% directly on canopy；If open country tea place, then sunshade net need to be in the ranks covered in tea；
(4) sporophore growth management: maintaining natural temperature, is dropped if meeting high temperature using watering or capping cover from sun etc.
Temperature；Weeds need to be cleared up in time in ganoderma lucidum fruitbody growth period, with the generation of preventing disease and pest；
(5) adopt sesame: when Ganoderma Lucidum cap surface obviously has conidia powder, white growth circle in cap edge disappears and switchs to reddish brown
It should be harvested immediately when color, 2d~3d stops spraying water to fructification before harvesting；It is cut or is cut from stem lower part with sharp knife or secateurs,
The stem of about 1cm long is left, so that lower damp sesame is formed；
(6) change of tide period management: interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens can harvest 2-3 tide, after the first damp sesame harvesting, with the lime of pH value 7-8
Water irrigates earthing around bacteria stick, just covers with white callus in sesame handle clip after 10-15d, and can grow fructification.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of soil covering culture method of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens, cultivation season selection start bag making by the end of April, start by the end of May
Bag goes out sesame, out 50-60 days sesame phase, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) preparation of lucidum strain: since interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens are influenced by natural climate, collection conidia powder difficulty is big,
Select sesame piece big and thick kind, in favor of obtaining high yield, stable yields:
A following preparation culture material calculated by mass: corncob 40%, sawdust 35%, corn flour 22%, calcium superphosphate) is pressed
1%, land plaster 1%, lime 1% adjusts water content to 60%-65%；
B) spice: press step A) proportion, by major ingredient is first claimed, claim afterwards the sequence of other auxiliary materials accurately weigh each nutrition at
Point；The ingredient that spice will first be insoluble in water carries out dry mixing, then soluble easily in water be dissolved in the water, and is made mother liquor, and when spice is every
Secondary plus water is fetched water from mother vat, while waterside is added to stir, until the water content of compost is transferred to 60%-65%, adjusts pH
Value is 7.0~8.0；
C it) packs, sterilize: selecting 17~20cm × 33~35cm × 0.05mm single radial cut polypropylene plastics pocket, every sacked material is high
Degree is 15~18cm, siccative weight 0.5-0.7kg, wet feed weight 1.1-1.2kg, left hand pulling bag mouth when charging, right hand charging, side rim
Compacting, it is desirable that be compacted along bag wall surrounding, to reach loose in outer reality, pine, is finally tied sack with tied silk at sack in lower reality
Or with matched lantern ring+lid seal；Charged cultivation material bag is sterilized in time；Using high pressure steam sterilization, at 121 DEG C
Keep 1-2h；
D) be inoculated with: inoculation, which drops to 25 DEG C or less to cultivation material bag temperature, to be inoculated with by sterile working regulation, operate
After the disinfection of personnel's both hands, alcolhol burner is lighted, carries out strain bag with 70% cotton ball soaked in alcohol or first soap powder liquid wiping original seed bag surface
Disinfection；It is gently rotated with the right hand and dials lower original seed plug, then original seed is placed on inoculation frame, nothing of the sack in alcolhol burner flame
Bacterium area；Hand takes the calcination on lamp flame of inoculation tweezer or spoon to sterilize；It opens vaccine bag or pulls out vaccine bag tampon；By what is sterilized
Inoculation hoe is protruded into strain bag by the aseptic area of flame, is first cooled down, then 3~4 spoons of strains of picking are inoculated in connecing for cultivation Bag Material
In kind cave；Tampon or cover lantern ring beyond the Great Wall；
E) bacteria developing period culture: the cultivation material bag after inoculation being put in 20~22 DEG C of bacteria-producing rooms and is cultivated, and discharges 2~4 layered materials
Height, will check room temperature, material temperature daily, and 1~2h of timing ventilation keeps place dry；It is primary every 7d turning, inside and outside, upper and lower change
Change place；
F) flower bud: i.e. openable sack after mycelia covers with compost 3-5 days moves into mushroom producing room, and cultivation material bag is straight
It stands up on cultivating stand or on the ground；Temperature controls within the scope of 25-28 DEG C, and otherwise compost surface mycelia can be sallow, air phase
90-95% is maintained to humidity；Keep the indoor well-ventilated of fruiting；
(2) tea place interplanting prepares: after spring tea harvesting, carrying out the conventional trimming and management in tea place immediately, is repaired by the end of April
It cuts, tea tree shoot young leaves covers with 2/3 in the ranks after 30 days, at this point, natural temperature is also suitble to the sesame temperature out of ganoderma lucidum, carries out tea place
In the ranks cultivate the preparation in cave: the spacing in cleaning tea place weeds in the ranks → open cave, size 15cm*15cm, cave and cave is 40cm
It is irrigated in → cave with the limewash of pH value 7-8；
(3) take off bag and arrange stick: as long bag outlet 0.5cm of former base or so, i.e., available single-edge blade is at from bacteria stick sack 1/3
Standardized circle takes off the polybag of bacteria stick bottom 2/3；Bacteria stick after de- bag is vertically placed in cave → is covered around bacteria stick
Soil → be compacted in earthing → finally poured with the limewash of pH7-8 is wet, covers sunshade net, guarantees sunshade rate 85%, tea place is
Canopy formula then covers the sunshade net that sunshade rate is 85% directly on canopy；If open country tea place, then sunshade net need to be in the ranks covered in tea；
(4) sporophore growth management: maintaining natural temperature, is dropped if meeting high temperature using watering or capping cover from sun etc.
Temperature；Weeds need to be cleared up in time in ganoderma lucidum fruitbody growth period, with the generation of preventing disease and pest；
(5) adopt sesame: when Ganoderma Lucidum cap surface obviously has conidia powder, white growth circle in cap edge disappears and switchs to reddish brown
It should be harvested immediately when color, 2d~3d stops spraying water to fructification before harvesting；It is cut or is cut from stem lower part with sharp knife or secateurs,
The stem of about 1cm long is left, so that lower damp sesame is formed；
(6) change of tide period management: interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens can harvest 2-3 tide, after the first damp sesame harvesting, with the lime of pH value 7-8
Water irrigates earthing around bacteria stick, just covers with white callus in sesame handle clip after 10-15d, and can grow fructification.
The interplanting cultivation test of ganoderma lucidum, obtained ganoderma lucidum are carried out in Jurong tea place using the cultural method of embodiment 1-3
Compared with the ganoderma lucidum of traditional indoor growing carries out biological transformation ratio, fructification active constituent, (embodiment 1-3 is removed in tea place interplanting
Sample the average value of test), specifically as shown in table 1, table 2:
The Yield comparison of table 1 interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens and conventional chambers cultivating ganoderma
2 interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens of table are compared with conventional chambers cultivating ganoderma fructification active constituent
| Planting type | Polyoses content (mg.g-) | Triterpene content (mg.g-) |
| Indoor growing | 41.7 | 37.7 |
| Tea place interplanting | 45.2 | 43.8 |
By data in table 1 as it can be seen that the biological transformation ratio of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens is improved than conventional chambers cultivating ganoderma
30.19%；By data in table 2 as it can be seen that the active component polysaccharides content and triterpene content of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens fructification are obvious
Higher than the ganoderma lucidum of conventional chambers cultivation, quality is more excellent.
In addition, economic evaluation is carried out to interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens, it is specific as shown in table 3:
3 interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens economic evaluation of table
By data in table 3 as it can be seen that the production cost of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens puts into 2430 yuan/mu more, but increase net income
2930 yuan/mu, more traditional single tea place plantation, hence it is evident that improve mu income, remarkable in economical benefits.
It should be pointed out that the above specific embodiment is only illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention,
After having read the present invention, those skilled in the art fall within power appended by the application to the modification of various equivalent forms of the invention
Benefit requires limited range.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of soil covering culture method of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
(1) preparation of lucidum strain:
A following preparation culture material calculated by mass: major ingredient 75%-93%, corn flour 5%-22%, phosphate fertilizer 0.5%-1%, land plaster) is pressed
1%, lime 1% adjusts water content to 60%-65%；
B) spice: the sequence of other auxiliary materials is claimed to accurately weigh each nutritional ingredient afterwards by major ingredient is first claimed by the proportion of step A)；It mixes
The ingredient that material will first be insoluble in water carries out dry mixing, then soluble easily in water be dissolved in the water, and is made mother liquor, and when spice adds water every time
Fetch water from mother vat, while waterside is added to stir, until the water content of compost is transferred to 60%-65%, adjust pH value be 7.0~
8.0；
C it) packs, sterilize: selecting 17~20cm × 33~35cm × 0.05mm single radial cut polypropylene plastics pocket, every sacked material height is
15~18cm, siccative weight 0.5-0.7kg, wet feed weight 1.1-1.2kg, left hand pulling bag mouth when charging, right hand charging, side rim pressure
It is real, it is desirable that be compacted along bag wall surrounding, to reach loose in outer reality, pine in lower reality, finally with tied silk sack tied at sack or
With matched lantern ring+lid seal；Charged cultivation material bag is sterilized in time；
D) be inoculated with: dropping to 25 DEG C or less to cultivation material bag temperature can be inoculated with by sterile working regulation；
E) bacteria developing period culture: the cultivation material bag after inoculation being put in 20~22 DEG C of bacteria-producing rooms and is cultivated, and 2~4 layered materials of discharge are high, often
It will check room temperature, material temperature, and 1~2h of timing ventilation keeps place dry；It is primary every 7d turning, inside and outside, upper down conversion position
It sets；
F) flower bud: sack is opened after mycelia covers with compost 3-5 days, moves into mushroom producing room, cultivation material bag is uprightly put in cultivation
On training frame or on the ground；Temperature controls within the scope of 25-28 DEG C, and relative air humidity is maintained at 90-95%；Keep fruiting indoor
Well-ventilated；
(2) tea place interplanting prepares: after spring tea harvesting, the conventional trimming and management in tea place carried out immediately, is trimmed by the end of April,
Tea tree shoot young leaves covers with 2/3 in the ranks after 30 days, at this point, natural temperature is also suitble to the sesame temperature out of ganoderma lucidum, carries out tea place row
Between cultivate the preparation in cave: the spacing in cleaning tea place weeds in the ranks → open cave, size 15cm*15cm, cave and cave be 40cm →
It is irrigated in cave with the limewash of pH value 7-8；
(3) take off bag arrange stick: as the long bag outlet 0.5cm of former base, with single-edge blade at from bacteria stick sack 1/3 standardized circle, take off
The polybag of bacteria stick bottom 2/3；Bacteria stick after de- bag is vertically placed in cave → earthing → side earthing is carried out around bacteria stick
Wet, covering sunshade net, guarantee sunshade rate 85% be compacted → are finally poured with the limewash of pH7-8 in side；
(4) sporophore growth management: maintaining natural temperature, is cooled down if meeting high temperature using watering or covering cover from sun；In spirit
It needs to clear up weeds in time during sesame sporophore growth, with the generation of preventing disease and pest；
(5) sesame is adopted: when Ganoderma Lucidum cap surface obviously has conidia powder, and white growth circle in cap edge disappears and switchs to bronzing
It should harvest immediately, harvest the preceding d of 2 d~3 and stop spraying water to fructification；It is cut or is cut from stem lower part with sharp knife or secateurs, stayed
The stem of lower 1 cm long, so that lower damp sesame is formed；
(6) change of tide period management: interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens harvest 2-3 tide and are irrigated after the first damp sesame harvesting with the limewash of pH value 7-8
Earthing around bacteria stick just covers with white callus in sesame handle clip after 10-15d, and can grow fructification.
2. the soil covering culture method of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (1)
Select sesame piece big and thick kind.
3. the soil covering culture method of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1) A
Major ingredient is cotton seed hulls 63%, wheat bran or rice bran 30% in culture material.
4. the soil covering culture method of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1) A
Major ingredient is sawdust 35%, cotton seed hulls 35%, wheat bran or rice bran 18% in culture material.
5. the soil covering culture method of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1) A
Major ingredient is corncob 40%, sawdust 35% in culture material.
6. the soil covering culture method of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1) A
Phosphate fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate or calcium superphosphate.
7. the soil covering culture method of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1) C
Sterilizing uses high pressure steam sterilization, in 121 DEG C of 1~2h of holding.
8. the soil covering culture method of interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1) C
Sterilizing is sterilized using normal-pressure sterilization method, keeps 12h at 100 DEG C.
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| CN108605650A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2018-10-02 | 四川省中医药科学院 | A kind of cultural method improving Ganoderma lucidum triterpenes components content |
| CN107593239A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-19 | 中华全国供销合作总社杭州茶叶研究所 | A kind of ecological interaction cultivation mode of small shrub type tea place set plant tea sill corruption bacterium |
| CN109006163A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-12-18 | 沈阳农业大学 | A kind of Ganoderma tsugae cultivar cultural method, culture medium and culture medium preparation method |
| CN109168964B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2020-09-01 | 山东农业大学 | Method for increasing content of ganoderma triterpene in ganoderma lucidum fruiting body, compound inducer and application thereof |
| CN109429900B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2021-06-25 | 四川省中医药科学院 | Ganoderma lucidum wild-imitating cultivation method |
| CN110558136A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2019-12-13 | 苏州工业园区梵稻食品科技发展有限公司 | Tea garden interplanting three-dimensional cultivation method |
| CN113455285B (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2023-02-28 | 武夷山元生泰生物科技有限公司 | Tea tree culture medium-based ganoderma lucidum cultivation method |
| CN115399184A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-11-29 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Cultivation and management method for long-growing castanopsis hystrix large-diameter timber with short cultivation period |
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| KR20110013763A (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2011-02-10 | 박종권 | A method of cultivating bean sprouts with green tea and ganoderma lucidum |
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