Artificial cultivation method of hydranginic bacteria
[technical field]
The present invention relates to Sparassis crispa, relate in particular to the artificial cultivation method of Sparassis crispa.
[background technology]
Sparassis crispa [Sparassis crispa (Wulf.) Fr.] is to drop into one of more famous and precious wild edible fungus of research in recent years both at home and abroad, be born in the ground of dragon spruce, fir or pine forest and mixed forest at the beginning of autumn late summer, be distributed in ground such as China Hebei, Jilin, Heilungkiang, Guangdong, Yunnan, distribution also arranged in Japan, Europe, Oceania, North America.Because beta glucan content is more than 2 times of glossy ganoderma, Agaricus blazei Murrill, having higher medicinal, health care is worth, Sparassis crispa contains a large amount of cancer-resisting substances such as the beta glucan of 42-46% and fucose, experimental results show that Sparassis crispa to the inhibiting rate of tumour up to 100%, breast cancer, cancer of the stomach there are significant curative effect, the good clinical effect are all arranged promoting human body hematopoiesis function, hypertension, climacteric obstacle, diabetes etc.So extremely people pay close attention to, and the wild resource rareness, the title of " mushroom of illusion " is arranged in Japan, still, at present domestic still unmanned industrial and commercial product change into ripe culture technique.
[summary of the invention]
Purpose of the present invention solves the problems of the prior art exactly, proposes a kind of artificial cultivation method of hydranginic bacteria, can realize that the commercialization artificial cultivation goes out to have higher medicinal, Sparassis crispa that health care is worth.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes the artificial industrial planting method of a kind of Sparassis crispa, comprise the steps:
Raw material is handled: the pine sawdust that grinding and processing is crossed adds water-water reactor and is placed on the open-air place, adds the water turning more once every blanking time, after total processing time, enters subsequent processing;
Mixing and stirring: pine sawdust, nutrition accessory and sugar are prepared in proportion, fully mix thoroughly, water content 63%-70% is not with can ponding degree of being in the bottle;
Bottling: pack into the plastic bottle of a constant volume of the raw material that will mix;
Disinfection inoculation: routine sterilization and aseptic inoculation requirement by common edible mushroom are handled;
Cultivate: do not need illumination between the Sparassis crispa culture period, cultivate down at 20-26 ℃ the inoculation back, can send out through 40-60 days;
Bottle is planted bud and is gone out to handle and management: carry out mycelium stimulation, remove the mycelia or the composts or fertilisers of cultivating that stick to bottleneck sending out good bacterium bottle, loam cake no longer, and put plastic sack, being placed on 20-26 ℃ cultivates down, increase more than illumination to 50 lux, and proper ventilation ventilation, keeps certain air humidity, neatly and grow bottleneck up to the differentiation of Sparassis crispa lobe bud;
The factory culture management of producing mushroom: remove plastic sack after bud goes out, air humidity is increased to more than 95%, and suitably regulate ventilation, illumination 100 luxs are above to keep more than 3 hours, and fruit body can fully be grown up through 20-30 days, formed Sparassis crispa.
As preferably, be 7-15 days the blanking time during raw material is handled, and total processing time is 1-2 month.
As preferably, be 7 days the blanking time during raw material is handled, and total processing time is 1 month.
As preferably, the proportioning of the batching pine sawdust in the mixing and stirring, nutrition accessory and sugar is counted by siccative: per 80 grams of treated pine sawdust, join nutrition accessory 20 grams, in addition sugaring 1 gram; Nutrition accessory can adopt corn flour or wheat bran, is excellent with corn flour.
As preferably, bottle plant that bud goes out to handle and management in air humidity for keeping the humidity of 60-70% early stage, the later stage keeps the humidity of 70-80%.
As preferably, adopt the polypropylene plastics bottle of 800ml-1000ml in the bottling, plant bud at bottle and go out in processing and the management to adopt the mechanization mode to carry out mycelium stimulation and remove mycelia or the composts or fertilisers of cultivating that sticks to bottleneck.
For achieving the above object, the invention allows for the artificial common booth cultivation method of a kind of Sparassis crispa, comprise the steps:
Raw material is handled: the pine sawdust that grinding and processing is crossed adds water-water reactor and is placed on the open-air place, adds the water turning more once every blanking time, after total processing time, enters subsequent processing;
Mixing and stirring: pine sawdust, nutrition accessory and sugar are prepared in proportion, fully mix thoroughly, water content 63%-70% is not with can ponding degree of being in the bottle;
Bottling or pack: the raw material that will mix pack into the plastic bottle or the knuckle bag of a constant volume;
Disinfection inoculation: routine sterilization and aseptic inoculation requirement by common edible mushroom are handled;
Cultivate: do not need illumination between the Sparassis crispa culture period, cultivate down at 20-26 ℃ the inoculation back, can send out through 40-60 days;
Bottle is planted or bag plants that bud go out to be handled and management: if bottle is planted, carry out mycelium stimulation, remove the mycelia or the composts or fertilisers of cultivating that stick to bottleneck sending out good bacterium bottle, loam cake no longer, and put plastic sack, be placed on 20-26 ℃ and cultivate down, increase more than illumination to 50 lux, and the proper ventilation ventilation, keep certain air humidity, neat and grow bottleneck up to Sparassis crispa lobe bud differentiation; If bag is planted, suitably regulate gas permeability at the bacterium bag mouth of substantially sending out well bacterium, to give and illumination more than 50 luxs, temperature keeps 20-25 ℃, and humidity 65-70% promotes original hase to form and the lobe bud breaks up;
Common booth cultivation management of producing mushroom: common booth cultivation management of producing mushroom: go out to carry out the bagging management on good culture bottle or the bag at bud, regulate an aeration status in the bag, under temperature 17-26 ℃, air humidity 75-90% condition, can gather in the crops through 18-30 days.
As preferably, be 7-15 days the blanking time during raw material is handled, and total processing time is 1-2 month.
As preferably, be 7 days the blanking time during raw material is handled, and total processing time is 1 month.
As preferably, the proportioning of the batching pine sawdust in the mixing and stirring, nutrition accessory and sugar is counted by siccative: per 80 grams of treated pine sawdust, join nutrition accessory 20 grams, in addition sugaring 1 gram; Nutrition accessory can adopt corn flour or wheat bran, is excellent with corn flour.
As preferably, bottle is planted or bag plants that bud goes out to handle and management in air humidity for keeping the humidity of 60-70% early stage, the later stage keeps the humidity of 70-80%.
As preferably, aeration status is an air-vent of beating 4-6 diameter 0.6-1.2cm according to the size of the height of indoor humidity and cultivating container on bagging in the adjusting bag in the common booth cultivation management of producing mushroom.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention adopts artificial commercial culture technique to cultivate to have higher medicinal and Sparassis crispa that health care is worth, has solved the problem of Sparassis crispa wild resource rareness.Adopt the present invention to cultivate the cultivation time cycle weak point of Sparassis crispa, the Sparassis crispa fruiting that cultivates is neat, the yield rate height, and biological transformation ratio is up to 30%-45%.The invention enables Sparassis crispa can realize factory culture, also can in the common cultivation environment, successfully cultivate, make Sparassis crispa can lay out the ordinary people dining table,, and can bring into play the intrinsic medical value of Sparassis crispa not only for everybody provides a kind of delicious flavour, nutritious food.
Feature of the present invention and advantage will be elaborated in conjunction with the accompanying drawings by embodiment.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the artificial industrial planting method of Sparassis crispa of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the artificial common booth cultivation method of Sparassis crispa of the present invention.
[embodiment]
Embodiment one:
Be illustrated in figure 1 as the flow chart of the artificial industrial planting method of Sparassis crispa of the present invention; Comprise the steps:
Raw material handles 1: the pine sawdust that grinding and processing is crossed adds water-water reactor and is placed on the open-air place, and t1 adds the water turning once again every blanking time, behind total processing time t, enters subsequent processing.Medium of the present invention is made up of pine tree wood chip, nutrition accessory, and major ingredient is a pine sawdust.There is the large tracts of land softwood forest in China, and wherein pine tree accounts for more than 75%.The pine resource is very abundant, and can utilize the pine processed side product in a large number, and is significant to the pine comprehensive development and utilization.Will carry out harmless treatment to pine sawdust, processing procedure can add the water turning once in every as required interval 7-15 days, and urgently needed situation can once add the water turning in following about 7 days, but under the not urgently needed situation about proper extension to 15 day.Just realized the harmless treatment to pine sawdust so repeatedly in 1-2 month, the general autumn in summer needs about 1 month, and need about 2 months other seasons.
Mixing and stirring 2: the proportioning of pine sawdust, nutrition accessory and sugar is counted by siccative: per 80 grams of treated pine sawdust, join nutrition accessory 20 grams, and sugaring 1 gram fully mixes and mixes thoroughly in addition, and water content 63-70% can ponding degree of being with bottling, gets high value; Nutrition accessory can adopt corn flour, wheat bran etc., is excellent with corn flour.
Bottling 3: pack into the plastic bottle of a constant volume of the raw material that will mix; Bottled production can be adopted the polypropylene plastics bottle of 800ml-1000ml, and this specification adapts to mechanized operation, helps enhancing productivity.
Disinfection inoculation 4: routine sterilization and aseptic inoculation requirement by common edible mushroom are handled.
Cultivate 5: do not need illumination between the Sparassis crispa culture period, cultivate down at 20-26 ℃ the inoculation back, can send out through 40-60 days; The Sparassis crispa fruit body generally all can be grown between 13-28 ℃, and suitable 17-26 ℃, optimum is grown under 23 ℃ ± 3 ℃ environment.
Bottle is planted bud and is gone out processing and manage 6: carry out mycelium stimulation, remove the mycelia or the composts or fertilisers of cultivating that stick to bottleneck sending out a good bacterium bottle, loam cake no longer, and put plastic sack, being placed on 20-26 ℃ cultivates down, increase illumination to more than the 50lux, and proper ventilation ventilation, keeps certain air humidity A1, neatly and grow bottleneck up to the differentiation of Sparassis crispa lobe bud.In the Sparassis crispa factory culture, neat and be convenient to annually cultivating for making fruiting, need carry out the bud pre-treatment, its method is to carry out mycelium stimulation and remove mycelia or the composts or fertilisers of cultivating that sticks to bottleneck with mechanical sending out a good bacterium bottle, loam cake no longer, and put polyethylene plastic bag.Bud goes out the air humidity of management process mid-early stage maintenance 60-70%, and the later stage keeps the air humidity of 70-80%.Because of the difference of temperature, humidity, ventilation and bacterial strain etc., bud goes out to cultivate generally to be needed about 15-30 days, influence the fruiting regularity if manage bad meeting in this process, and made assorted bacterium rate higher.
Factory culture management of producing mushroom 7: remove plastic sack after bud goes out, air humidity is increased to more than 95%, and suitably regulate ventilation, illumination 100lux is above to be kept more than 4 hours, and fruit body can fully be grown up through 20-30 days, formed Sparassis crispa.During this time, note moisture management, must not be low excessively, otherwise the Sparassis crispa limb is withered because of dehydration easily, has a strong impact on it and grows, even bacteria infection, thereby influence output and quality.
Embodiment two:
Be illustrated in figure 2 as the flow chart of the artificial common booth cultivation method of Sparassis crispa of the present invention; Comprise the steps:
Raw material handles 1: the pine sawdust that grinding and processing is crossed adds water-water reactor and is placed on the open-air place, and t1 adds the water turning once again every blanking time, behind total processing time t, enters subsequent processing.Medium of the present invention is made up of pine tree wood chip, nutrition accessory, and major ingredient is a pine sawdust.There is the large tracts of land softwood forest in China, and wherein pine tree accounts for more than 75%.The pine resource is very abundant, and can utilize the pine processed side product in a large number, and is significant to the pine comprehensive development and utilization.Will carry out harmless treatment to pine sawdust, processing procedure can add the water turning once in every as required interval 7-15 days, and urgently needed situation can once add the water turning in following about 7 days, but under the not urgently needed situation about proper extension to 15 day.Just realized the harmless treatment to pine sawdust so repeatedly in 1-2 month, the general autumn in summer needs about 1 month, and need about 2 months other seasons.
Mixing and stirring 2: the proportioning of pine sawdust, nutrition accessory and sugar is counted by siccative: per 80 grams of treated pine sawdust, join nutrition accessory 20 grams, and sugaring 1 gram fully mixes and mixes thoroughly in addition, and water content 63-70% can ponding degree of being with bottling, gets high value; Nutrition accessory can adopt corn flour, wheat bran etc., is excellent with corn flour.
Bottling or pack 31: with the raw material of handling well pack into the plastic bottle or the knuckle bag of a constant volume.Bottled production can be adopted the polypropylene plastics bottle of 800ml-1000ml, and packed production can be adopted the knuckle bag of folding footpath 15-30cm, and this specification adapts to mechanized operation, helps enhancing productivity.
Disinfection inoculation 4: routine sterilization and aseptic inoculation requirement by common edible mushroom are handled.
Cultivate 5: do not need illumination between the Sparassis crispa culture period, cultivate down at 20-26 ℃ the inoculation back, can send out through 40-60 days; The Sparassis crispa fruit body generally all can be grown between 13-28 ℃, fits to be 17-26 ℃, and optimum is grown under 23 ℃ ± 3 ℃ environment.
Bottle is planted or bag is planted bud and go out to be handled and manage 61: to bacterium bag or the bag of sending out well bacterium substantially, regulate the gas permeability of sack, be placed under temperature 20-26 ℃, illumination 50 lux conditions, promote original hase to form and the lobe bud breaks up.This phase, ventilative status adjustment was bad, can influence original hase formation and the differentiation of lobe bud.
Common booth cultivation management of producing mushroom 71: the Sparassis crispa sporophore growth phase is under low wet environment and humidity instability condition, easily growth produces harmful effect to limb, causing the cultivation failure. the sporophore growth phase is carried out the bagging management of producing mushroom, fruit body surface evaporation amount can be effectively reduced, thereby Sparassis crispa can be under household condition successfully cultivated.But the improper fruit body development that easily causes of bagging is bad.Cultivating containers different in the production carry out bagging processing cultivation at different growth periods, the relation of adjustment gas permeability and humidity, thus reach the Sparassis crispa cultivation product that under the common cultivation condition, obtains high-quality.The interior aeration status of adjusting bag is an air-vent of beating 4-6 diameter 0.6-1.2cm according to the size of the height of indoor humidity and cultivating container on bagging.
Above-mentioned two embodiment have narrated the method for artificial factory culture and artificial simple and easy booth cultivation respectively.Cultivated strains should select Sparassis crispa No. 3, Sparassis crispa No. 4 and No. 2 bacterial strains of Sparassis crispa in the simple and easy booth cultivation.As with the marketing fresh cultivation serving as main then can consider to select Sparassis crispa for use No. 1, Sparassis crispa No. 4, No. 5 bacterial strains of Sparassis crispa.
The foregoing description is to further specify of the present invention, is not to concrete qualification of the present invention, any method after the simple replacement of individual steps in this method is all belonged to protection scope of the present invention.