CN109220545A - Using pine cedar sawdust as the Sparassis crispa cultivation matrix of raw material and its Sparassis crispa cultural method - Google Patents
Using pine cedar sawdust as the Sparassis crispa cultivation matrix of raw material and its Sparassis crispa cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109220545A CN109220545A CN201811154676.0A CN201811154676A CN109220545A CN 109220545 A CN109220545 A CN 109220545A CN 201811154676 A CN201811154676 A CN 201811154676A CN 109220545 A CN109220545 A CN 109220545A
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- sawdust
- sparassis crispa
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of using pine cedar sawdust as the Sparassis crispa cultivation matrix of raw material and its Sparassis crispa cultural method, which is 60%~65%, and formula presses dry weight percentage are as follows: sawdust 75%, corn flour 25%, sucrose 2%, gypsum 2%, calcium superphosphate 1%；Wherein, sawdust presses dry weight percentage are as follows: pine sawdust 40%~80%, cedar sawdust 20%~60%.The present invention replaces the part pine sawdust in cultivation formula using cedar sawdust, cultivation matrix gas permeability can be improved, promote mycelia growth, Sparassis crispa fruiting synchronism is good (100~110d), 200g/ bags of fresh mushroom production, biological efficiency 55%, while cedar sawdust price can reduce production cost also below pine sawdust to a certain extent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of edible fungus culture, and in particular to a kind of using pine cedar sawdust as the Sparassis crispa cultivation matrix of raw material
And its Sparassis crispa cultural method.
Background technique
Sparassis crispa is full of nutrition, is rich in active polysaccharide, can improve immunity and hematopoiesis function, has significant health care function
Effect is the health and health food of a kind of " food and medicine consangunity ".Since artificial cultivation technique difficulty is big, external only Japan (2000
Year), a small number of units of South Korea (2004) can artificial cultivation Sparassis crispa, but correlation technique data be in the secrecy stage, the country
Also Sparassis crispa artificial cultivation can be realized by only having several enterprises.
It is domestic about the patent report of Sparassis crispa cultivation formula by Literature Consult.Existing patent 1 (application number:
200610050003.1) a kind of artificial cultivation method of hydranginic bacteria is disclosed, the Main Cultivation raw material in Sparassis crispa artificial cultivation
For 80% pine sawdust (pine sawdust using preceding have been subjected to 1~2 month plus water-water reactor set fermentation), using the patent, Sparassis crispa is biological
It learns efficiency and is only up to 30%~45%.Existing patent 2 (application number: 201310755304.4) discloses a kind of the factorial production
The new method of Sparassis crispa thinks that oak bits, weed tree sawdust, cotton seed hulls can also be used to cultivation Sparassis crispa, but since the cultivation is matched
Fang Zhongxu adds fine earth, and therefore, which is not suitable for cultivating on a large scale.Existing 3 (application number: 201010286462.6) disclose
A kind of Sparassis crispa industrialized cultivation medium formula and production technology, the patent is using dew fresh pine sawdust as Main Cultivation raw material
(pine sawdust banks up fermentation using long-time is preceding needed not move through), raw material sources will receive certain restrictions, final biological efficiency
Only 43% or so.As it can be seen that silk ball bacteria cultivation formula described in above-mentioned patent has the following problems: 1. raw material using preceding need by
Prolonged pre-treatment (banking up fermentation)；2. Cultivation use or source single (pure pine sawdust) or complex (need to add thin
Soil)；3. using the patent formulation, Sparassis crispa biological efficiency is low (less than 50%).As people to Sparassis crispa medical treatment and protect
The gradually understanding and receiving, Sparassis crispa demand of strong effect constantly increase, and cultivation main material pine sawdust price is also constantly riseing,
Pine sawdust supply contradiction gradually highlights, it has also become restricts the bottleneck of Sparassis crispa factory culture.
On Sparassis crispa cultural method, existing patent 4 (application number: 200610050003.1) discloses a kind of Sparassis crispa people
Work cultural method, the cultural method used are relatively complicated: being cultivated using vial-type, mycelia needs after covering with bacterium bottle by disturbing bacterium → remove
Bottleneck mycelia → bagging → is gone to go the processes such as polybag；Using pocket type cultivation, mycelia covers with and after bagging, need to also beat on bagging
The air hole of 4~6 0.6~1.2cm of diameter, to adjust aeration status in bag.And existing patent 3 (application number:
201010286462.6) former base induction period in, cultivating bag diameter mouth need to manually be shunk, and opening bag stage also needs to cut off close to leaf
Extra polybag around piece；It, need to be with blade on blocky former base surface if forming blocky former base in bacterium bag bottom and surrounding bag wall
A "+" shape mouth is marked, former base is allowed to go out from scarfing director, the fruiting body yield that this former base develops is low, poor quality, certain
Cultivation matrix nutrition is caused to waste in degree.
In conclusion at present Sparassis crispa artificial cultivation there is a problem in that: 1, cultivate main material source it is single, pretreatment
Time is long；2, cultural method is cumbersome, inconvenient, needs a large amount of labours；3, biological efficiency is lower.Therefore, production is reduced
Cost, innovation cultural method, increase fruiting body yield are current urgent problems to be solved.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of using pine cedar sawdust as the Sparassis crispa cultivation matrix and its embroidery of raw material
Coccus cultural method can reduce production, simplified cultivation technique, increase substantially fruiting body yield.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
It is a kind of that using pine cedar sawdust as the Sparassis crispa cultivation matrix of raw material, the water content of the matrix is 60%~65%,
Formula presses dry weight percentage are as follows:
Sawdust 75%, corn flour 25%, sucrose 2%, gypsum 2%, calcium superphosphate 1%；
Wherein, sawdust presses dry weight percentage are as follows:
Pine sawdust 40%~80%, cedar sawdust 20%~60%.
The present invention also provides a kind of Sparassis crispa cultural methods based on above-mentioned matrix, include the following steps:
The preparation and pack of S1, compost:
Formula according to claim 1 weighs appropriate pine sawdust, cedar sawdust and other auxiliary materials；
After weighed pine sawdust, cedar sawdust and other auxiliary materials are mixed, add water, mix thoroughly, obtaining water content is 60%~65%
Compost；
Resulting compost is packed into having a size of in 17cm × 33cm × 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, is compressed, it is intermediate
Punching, puts on Plastibell, and tampon seals beyond the Great Wall, and pack amount is 14~16cm of 900g/ sacked material height；
S2, sterilizing and inoculation:
0.24Mpa, 126 DEG C of sterilizing 2h after sterilizing, are cooled to 25 DEG C hereinafter, being inoculated under aseptic condition；
S3, cultural hypha:
Mushroom house dark culture is moved into after cultivating bag is inoculated with, and pays attention to ventilation, every 3h ventilation is primary, every time 10~30min,
24~25 DEG C of initial temperature, hereafter every 20d, temperature reduces by 1 DEG C, when mycelia covers with cultivating bag (60d ± 5d), go tampon,
Lantern ring directly opens bag；
S4, former base induction differentiation and the growth of fructification:
The cultivating bag after bag will be opened and move into mushroom producing room, initial temperature control at 20~21 DEG C, relative air humidity 70%~
80%, using LED light strip, daily illumination 10h；After 10d, temperature is down to 19~20 DEG C, and relative air humidity improves to 80%~
85%, daily illumination 10h；It gradually twists together when cultivating bag sack mycelia and forms former base, when differentiating limb, temperature is down to 18~19
DEG C, relative air humidity is improved to 90%~95%, illumination 10h, is continued to harvest after cultivating 25d in such circumstances, be harvested
The humidification of stopping in first 1 day.
The invention has the following advantages:
1, Cultivation use source multiplicity, production cost reduce
Compared with pine sawdust, cedar sawdust particle is larger.Part pine sawdust in cultivation formula is replaced using cedar sawdust, can be changed
Kind cultivation matrix gas permeability promotes mycelia growth, while cedar sawdust price can reduce life also below pine sawdust to a certain extent
Produce cost.
2, simplified cultivation method
Cultural method provided by the invention, from be seeded to fructification harvesting, only bag stage of opening need to manually remove tampon and
Lantern ring (other patents also include this process), remaining growth phase without human intervention, is more advantageous to Sparassis crispa factory culture.
3, fruiting body yield is high, biological efficiency is low
The cultural method provided using the invention patent, Sparassis crispa fruiting synchronism is good (100~110d), fresh mushroom production
200g/ bags, biological efficiency 55%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that different cultivations are formulated Sparassis crispa fructification length.
Fig. 2 is that different cultivations are formulated Sparassis crispa fructification limb diameter.
Fig. 3 is that different cultivations are formulated Sparassis crispa fructification limb length.
Fig. 4 difference cultivation formula Sparassis crispa adopts rear fructification limb weight.
Fig. 5 is that different cultivations are formulated Sparassis crispa yield.
Fig. 6 is that different cultivations are formulated Sparassis crispa biological efficiency.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
Embodiment
1, strains tested: No. 1 is embroidered in Sparassis crispa new varieties ' Fujian ' (bacterium 2013005 is recognized in Fujian).
2, cultivation formula:
Formula presses dry weight percentage are as follows:
Sawdust 75%, corn flour 25%, sucrose 2%, gypsum 2%, calcium superphosphate 1%；
Wherein, sawdust presses dry weight percentage are as follows:
Pine sawdust 40%~80%, cedar sawdust 20%~60%.
Control medium (CK): all pine sawdusts of major ingredient sawdust
Be formulated 1.: in basic components major ingredient sawdust, 80% is pine sawdust, and 20% is cedar sawdust
Be formulated 2.: in basic components major ingredient sawdust, 60% is pine sawdust, and 40% is cedar sawdust
Be formulated 3.: in basic components major ingredient sawdust, 40% is pine sawdust, and 60% is cedar sawdust
Be formulated 4.: in basic components major ingredient sawdust, 20% is pine sawdust, and 80% is cedar sawdust
Be formulated 5.: basic components major ingredient pine sawdust replaces all with cedar sawdust
3, cultural method
(1) compost is prepared and is packed: preparing compost, water content 60%, using 17cm × 33cm by above-mentioned 6 kinds of formulas
× 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, work loading height 15cm, 900g/ bags of charge.
(2) sterilize and be inoculated with: 0.24Mpa, 126 DEG C of sterilizing 2h after sterilizing, are cooled to 25 DEG C hereinafter, connecing under aseptic condition
Kind.
(3) cultural hypha: mushroom house (can be automatically controled temperature, humidity, illumination, ventilation) is moved into after cultivating bag inoculation and is carried out secretly
Culture, pays attention to ventilation.24~25 DEG C of initial temperature, later every 20d or so, temperature reduces by 1 degree, when mycelia covers with bacterium bag
When (60d or so), temperature control at 21~22 DEG C.
(4) former base induction and differentiation: after mycelia purseful, directly removing tampon, lantern ring (opening bag), and moving into mushroom producing room (can be certainly
Dynamic control temperature, humidity, illumination, ventilation).Initial temperature control is at 20~21 DEG C, relative air humidity 70%~80%, daily
Illumination 10h；After 10d, 19~20 DEG C of temperature, relative air humidity 80%~85%, daily illumination 10h.In the process, bacterium bag
Sack mycelia gradually can twist together to form former base, and differentiate limb.
(5) sporophore growth: 18~19 DEG C of temperature of control, relative air humidity 90%~95%, illumination 10h.In this ring
25d or so is cultivated under border to be harvested, the harvesting humidification of stopping in first 1 day.Every bag of record economical character, statistics production when fructification harvests
Amount and biological efficiency.
4, result of implementation:
(1) different cultivations are formulated lower Sparassis crispa fructification length
With the raising of cedar sawdust usage amount in cultivation formula, Sparassis crispa fructification length is gradually increased, and works as basic components
In major ingredient sawdust, 60% is pine sawdust, and 40% when being cedar sawdust, and Sparassis crispa fructification length reaches maximum, and compare without significantly
Sex differernce.Continue to increase with cedar sawdust dosage, Sparassis crispa fructification length is gradually reduced.
(2) different cultivations are formulated lower Sparassis crispa fructification limb growing state
Sparassis crispa fructification length is only capable of reflecting the size of fructification, good Sparassis crispa product, fructification limb
It should be sufficiently spread out, shaped like silk ball, therefore, and using Sparassis crispa limb diameter, limb length, limb weight as index, comprehensive descision
The suitable cultivation formula of cedar sawdust cultivation Sparassis crispa.Test result shows: with the increase of China fir dosage, fructification limb diameter
Increasing, in basic components major ingredient sawdust, 60% is pine sawdust, and 40% when being cedar sawdust, and fructification limb diameter reaches maximum,
With compare that there was no significant difference.After adding cedar sawdust, fructification limb length, which is respectively less than, to be compareed, when basic components major ingredient sawdust
In, when cedar sawdust dosage is between 40%~60%, fructification limb diameter is not much different to control.
(3) different cultivations are formulated lower Sparassis crispa fruiting body yield
With the increase of China fir dosage, Sparassis crispa yield is gradually increased, and in basic components major ingredient sawdust, 60% is pine
Bits, 40% when being cedar sawdust, and fruiting body yield reaches maximum.Continue to increase with China fir dosage, Sparassis crispa yield gradually drops
It is low.
In summary test result, mycelia can normal growth on China fir for Sparassis crispa.With China fir the most culturing raw material when, with
The increase of dosage, fructification length, limb diameter and yield have increase tendency, when China fir dosage be 40% when, can be used as
The suitable cultivation formula of chinese fir culture Sparassis crispa.
Using cultivation matrix and cultural method of the invention, mycelia needs not move through after covering with disturbs bacterium → removing bottleneck mycelia
→ bagging → goes the processes such as polybag, directly opens bag and moves into mushroom producing room, simplifies cultural method.When opening bag without
Unneeded plastic bag around blade, bacterium bag bottom and surrounding bag wall are cut off without blocky former base, without drawing bag opening, fruiting is neat and produces
It measures higher with biological efficiency.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make a variety of changes or modify within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring substantive content of the invention.In the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiments herein and embodiment can any phase
Mutually combination.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of using pine cedar sawdust as the Sparassis crispa cultivation matrix of raw material, it is characterised in that: the water content of the matrix be 60%~
65%, formula presses dry weight percentage are as follows:
Sawdust 75%, corn flour 25%, sucrose 2%, gypsum 2%, calcium superphosphate 1%；
Wherein, sawdust presses dry weight percentage are as follows:
Pine sawdust 40%~80%, cedar sawdust 20%~60%.
2. a kind of Sparassis crispa cultural method, characterized by the following steps:
The preparation and pack of S1, compost:
Formula according to claim 1 weighs appropriate pine sawdust, cedar sawdust and other auxiliary materials；
After weighed pine sawdust, cedar sawdust and other auxiliary materials are mixed, add water, mix thoroughly, obtains the training that water content is 60%~65%
Nutriment；
Resulting compost is packed into having a size of in 17cm × 33cm × 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, is compressed, centre is beaten
Hole puts on Plastibell, and tampon seals beyond the Great Wall, and pack amount is 900g/ bags, 14~16cm of work loading height；
S2, sterilizing and inoculation:
0.24Mpa, 126 DEG C of sterilizing 2h after sterilizing, are cooled to 25 DEG C hereinafter, being inoculated under aseptic condition；
S3, cultural hypha:
Mushroom house dark culture is moved into after cultivating bag is inoculated with, and pays attention to ventilation, every 3h ventilation is primary, every time 10~30min, initially
24~25 DEG C of temperature, hereafter every 20d, temperature reduces by 1 DEG C, when mycelia covers with cultivating bag, removes tampon, lantern ring, directly open bag；
S4, former base induction differentiation and the growth of fructification:
The cultivating bag after bag will be opened and move into mushroom producing room, initial temperature control is at 20~21 DEG C, relative air humidity 70%~80%,
Using LED light strip, daily illumination 10h；After 10d, temperature is down to 19~20 DEG C, and relative air humidity is improved to 80%~85%,
Daily illumination 10h；It gradually twists together when cultivating bag sack mycelia and forms former base, when differentiating limb, temperature is down to 18~19 DEG C, sky
Gas relative humidity is improved to 90%~95%, illumination 10h, is continued to harvest after cultivating 25d in such circumstances, be harvested first 1 day
Stop humidification.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN110972894A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-04-10 | 南京闽绣菌业有限公司 | Industrial culture medium for sparassis crispa and production process |
| CN111133957A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-05-12 | 福建万菇生物科技有限公司 | Sparassis crispa cultivation material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111386968A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-10 | 中华全国供销合作总社南京野生植物综合利用研究所 | Method for cultivating Pinggu with masson pine wood chip culture medium containing cordyceps militaris mushroom bran |
| CN111713335A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-09-29 | 福建省农业科学院食用菌研究所（福建省蘑菇菌种研究推广站） | Efficient sparassis crispa cultivation method |
| CN114303793A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-04-12 | 芜湖野树林生物科技有限公司 | Sparassis crispa culture medium and cultivation method thereof |
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| CN110972894A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-04-10 | 南京闽绣菌业有限公司 | Industrial culture medium for sparassis crispa and production process |
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| CN114303793A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-04-12 | 芜湖野树林生物科技有限公司 | Sparassis crispa culture medium and cultivation method thereof |
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