CN104255294A - Physical-combination planting process of living grafted lucid ganoderma ornamental bonsai - Google Patents
Physical-combination planting process of living grafted lucid ganoderma ornamental bonsai Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a physical-combination planting process of a living grafted lucid ganoderma ornamental bonsai. The process comprises the following process of (1) fungus species selection; (2) inoculation; (3) germination; (4) physical combination including, after lucid ganoderma is fully germinated in fungi bags, cutting open one end of every fungi bag, and after the lucid ganoderma squares from the opening and spores at 1-2 cm, starting a combination process, during which, firstly, one of a plurality of the fungi bags in basically identical sporing conditions is selected and vertically placed with the sporing end upwards to serve as a central bag, and the others of the plurality of the fungi bags in basically identical sporing conditions are placed around the vertically-fixed fungi bag, obliquely pressed on the shoulders of the central bag with the sporing ends uniformly close to the spores of the central bag and then fixed; (5) post-combination management. According to the physical-combination planting process of the living grafted lucid ganoderma ornamental bonsai, fungi strips can grow up into a whole under the condition of being free from damage and meanwhile can be thicker and larger; the integral diameter of sporocarps can be more than 20 cm, and the stem length can be more than 40 cm; the living grafted lucid ganoderma ornamental bonsai is aesthetic in shape and facilitates grafting and accordingly can be grafted by 3-4 layers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of live body grafting glossy ganoderma and view and admire potted landscape physical combination planting technique, belong to bacterium industry cultivation field.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma, has another name called celestial grass, refreshing grass, auspicious grass, is famous and precious Chinese herbal medicine.Be the rarity in Pharmacopoea Chinensis, there is eliminating evil, the magical effect of coming back to life in spite of illness, enjoying very high praise at all times.The symbol that glossy ganoderma is still had good luck, have saying of " thousand glossy ganoderma a century fortune ", ancient times are rare because of it, and emperors and ministers high official and noble lord make as one wishes according to the shape of glossy ganoderma, be placed in hall desk pray for blessings receive auspicious.
Current so-called live body grafting glossy ganoderma views and admires potted landscape, and namely glossy ganoderma adopts artificial grafting to form at growing period in good time and views and admires glossy ganoderma.Grafting technique is no doubt important in cultivation of glossy ganoderma, but the size of glossy ganoderma dish garden plant type depends on size and the nutritional amt of cultivation matrix.Although little bacterium bag fragmentation is combined into large Nutrient medium and cultivates potted landscape plant type greatly, its infection rate in anabolic process is high, therefore it is relatively low to go out sesame rate.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to one of technical problem solving the existence of above-mentioned prior art, provides a kind of live body grafting glossy ganoderma to view and admire potted landscape physical combination planting technique.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of live body glossy ganoderma views and admires potted landscape physical combination planting technique, comprises the following steps:
(1) bacterial classification is selected;
(2) inoculate: selected bacterial classification is inoculated the bacterium bag loading Nutrient medium;
(3) bacterium is sent out: send out bacterium by being undertaken by the bacterium bag after kind;
(4) physical combination: bacterium bag is sent out completely, at bacterium bag clip, budding after clip, when sesame bud grows to 1-2cm, start combination: select several bacterium bags that sesame situation is substantially identical, get wherein 1, go out sesame one end and vertically place upward, become center bag, all the other bacterium bags are put centered by vertically fixing bacterium bag, each bacterium bag homocline is pressed on the bag shoulder of center bag, goes out sesame end evenly near the sesame bud of center bag, and is fixed by some bacterium bags;
(5) management after combination.
Live body glossy ganoderma according to the present invention views and admires potted landscape physical combination planting technique, adopt physical combination mode by by go out the identical some bacterium bags of sesame situation go out sesame end be close together, the advantage had is that (1) can when not destroying stem, stem is grown to one, make the stem after growth thicker, moulding is very beautiful, be convenient to grafting, fruit body integral diameter after growth reaches more than 20cm, and plant height reaches more than 40cm, can grafting 3-4 layer; (2) stem automatic growth is integrated simultaneously, and do not destroy mycelium, pollution rate is low; (3) after stem is grown to one, some bacterial strains can " resource-sharing ", namely when one of them or several bacterium bag are nutritious or have other advantage being suitable for growing, it also can share in the bacterial strain of other unfavorable conditions, avoid single strain growth uneven, make to draw that sesame is neat, thus make that growth between the bacterial strain after some combinations is neat, to go out sesame neat; (4) if by two breed combinations together, through graft modeling, its effect more strange beautiful (allosome can not grafting).When to instant invention overcomes in prior art broken combination, individual plant bacterial strain is too very thin, and bundle holds together can not become an entirety, easily disperses, is unsuitable for grafting, is easy to infect, goes out the technical problems such as sesame is irregular.
In addition, view and admire potted landscape physical combination planting technique according to the live body glossy ganoderma of the embodiment of the present invention and can also have following additional technical feature:
Preferably, in step (4) physical combination, be evenly put centered by vertically fixing bacterium bag by all the other bacterium bags.It can thus be appreciated that evenly put and more easily combine more bacterial strain, and make its growing space consistent, be conducive to growth evenly, after making combination, plant type is pretty.
Preferably, described step (4) physical combination is " 6+1 " physical combination or " 7+1 " physical combination, namely " 6+1 " physical combination selects 7 substantially identical bacterium bags of sesame situation, get wherein bag centered by 1, all the other 5 bacterium bags are radial in five jiaos centered by center bag, barocline on center bag bag shoulder, go out sesame end uniform near center sesame bud; Remaining one perpendicular idle place on one side of planting applies as grafting, and such one group " 6+1 " combination completes; Namely " 7+1 " physical combination selects 8 substantially identical bacterium bags of sesame situation, gets wherein bag centered by 1, and all the other 6 bacterium bags are radial in hexagonal centered by center bag, baroclines on center bag bag shoulder, goes out sesame end uniform near center sesame bud; Remaining one perpendicular idle place on one side of planting applies as grafting, and such one group " 7+1 " combination completes.It can thus be appreciated that " 6+1 " physical combination or " 7+1 " physical combination make to combine more sesame bud around the sesame bud of center bag, after combination, stem is grown to one, the resource-sharing of bacterium bag, blade is also grown to one, if at grafting 1-3 layer above, easily can obtain graceful design.For make around bacterium bag sesame bud more closely near center bag sesame bud, preferably " 6+1 " physical combination.Because physical combination pollution rate of the present invention is low, it is neat to go out sesame, and plant type is pretty, therefore namely the bacterial strain after general combination can be used as " basic unit " of grafting, decreases waste, therefore adopts a remaining perpendicular idle place on one side of planting to apply as grafting.
Preferably, dig the round pool that 10-20cm is dark, diameter adapts with bacterium bag diameter in described step (4) physical combination on ground, center bag goes out sesame one end and plants upward, tiltedly encloses supreme shoulder with soil, and all the other bacterium bags barocline after on center bag bag shoulder, and bottom is native to be fixed.Further, the dark round pool of 15cm is dug on ground.It can thus be appreciated that, conveniently can combine in booth and management, combine efficient quick more simultaneously.
Preferably, the raw material that described step (2) Middle nutrition base comprises following weight portion is made: wood chip 60-70 part, corncob 15-25 part, corn flour 10-12 part, wheat bran 10-12 part, gypsum 1-1.5 part, quicklime 1-1.2 part, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3 part, 0.3 part, magnesium sulfate; By raw material by proportioning poach, mix the 60-65% that rear water content accounts for Nutrient medium gross weight thoroughly.It can thus be appreciated that this Nutrient medium can make that the bacterial strain color after growth is beautiful, sheet shape is mellow and full, residual without agriculture, medicine is residual, protect through colour circle, meanwhile, makes fruit body degree of lignification high.Be different from medicinal lucid ganoderma owing to viewing and admiring bonsai lucid ganoderma, its degree of lignification is higher, and namely hardness is higher, and potted landscape is more firm, carry in transportation be more not easy damage.Therefore, the size of its degree of lignification is its key factor as potted landscape.
Preferably, the raw material that described step (2) Middle nutrition base comprises following weight portion is made: wood chip 60 parts, corncob 15 parts, corn flour 10 parts, 12 parts, wheat bran, 1.2 parts, gypsum, quicklime 1.2 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3 part, 0.3 part, magnesium sulfate; By raw material by proportioning poach, mix the 60-65% that rear water content accounts for Nutrient medium gross weight thoroughly.
Preferably, send out bacterium in described step (3): after inoculation, bacterium bag is moved to educate bacterium room added, put neatly;
1. temperature control: send out bacterium in earlier stage, educate bacterium indoor temperature at 22 DEG C-26 DEG C, relative moisture is 50-60%, note observing the temperature difference and educating bacterium room upper and lower temperature difference, the temperature difference is unsuitable excessive, is tending towards constant temperature the best;
2. translation frame: carried out translation frame every 8-12 days, will go up undercarriage and exchange when turning over, in translation frame process, reject depauperation and disease bag in time, decreasing pollution source;
3. to ventilate oxygenation; Educate bacterium indoor and answer timing ventilation ventilating oxygen; When educating bacterium indoor temperature and being suitable, if mycelial growth is slow, then prick hole oxygenation with sterilization needle set;
4. lucifuge: educate bacterium room and be easy to hyphal development growth under unglazed condition.
Preferably, further comprising the steps of before physical combination in described step (4): bacterium bag is sent out completely, move into cultivation booth and carry out cultivating and physical combination, temperature of shed controls at 18-24 DEG C, relative moisture 50-70%; Described cultivation booth:
1. making ridge: before bacterium bag enters canopy, needs making ridge in booth according to cultivation, and form the ridge ridge: the wide 110-120cm of ridge, 2 behaviors of planting are suitable, and ridge is long depending on canopy body, and ridge is high general at 8-10cm; Spacing 50cm-the 60cm of ridge and ridge;
2. bacterium bag enters canopy: supermature bacterium bag is moved into booth, and single rack is piled up on the ridge ridge, piles up, pile up multilayer by 15-17 every square metre, is generally 5 layers;
3. clip is buddingged: bacterium bag enters canopy 4-5 days after mycelia is whitened completely, and at bacterium bag clip, clip is cut inside jag, bore 3-4cm; Namely budding after clip 5-7 days, when sesame bud grows to 1-2cm, start combination.
Preferably, management is divided into management and the management of leaf growth phase in stem vegetative period in described step (5);
The management in described stem vegetative period:
1. increase CO2 concentration, controls O2 measures: stem growing period will close ventilating opening, and every 3-5 days, ventilation 1 hour, regulates and controls CO2 and O2 content ratio in canopy, and it is that to account for volume of air percentage be 20-21% for 0.1-0.3%, O2 that CO2 accounts for volume of air percentage;
2. controlled humidity: cultivation base is buddingged after sesame, increase booth air humidity, should reach 80%-90%, if humidity is low, then spray water is to increase humidity;
3. luminosity and temperature: stem growing period uses scattered light to irradiate, intensity of illumination 1000-2000LX; Adjustment temperature is 20-26 DEG C;
The management of described leaf growth phase:
1. stronger ventilation amount, a large amount of oxygenation: leaf growth needs a large amount of oxygen, now all should open the ventilating opening of booth, opening time every day is no less than 12 hours;
2. strengthen water consumption, increase humidity: hack early stage, noon every day sprays water 1-2 times, hacks the later stage, at least sprays water every day 3 times, controlled humidity 90-95%, more than 28 DEG C high temperature periods, waters every other day 1 time;
3. be tending towards ripe, spring conidial powder period, directly should not spray water on blade, water noon every day 1 time.
Preferably, when stem (fruit body) grows into highly for 8-12cm in management process in described step (5), also comprise the step of live body graft modeling, live body graft modeling employing " Eight characters grafting ", that is: tie up, accept or reject, push-and-pull, cuttage:
Tie up: when stem growth about 7-9cm, as there being the distance of not easily second layer grafting between carpopodium and handle, then adopt the method for binding, 3-5 branch bundle that is close, that be easy to upper strata grafting is held together together, as " basic unit ";
Accept or reject: buddingging and stem growth early stage, it is not exclusively the same for going out sesame situation, in grafting procedures, if a strain limb is sparse when can not meet self grafting needs, improve oneself from other strain of the dense stalwartness of limb or spare bag borrow 1-2 branch;
Push-and-pull: in order to the needs of design, will adopt support in time, hang the mode push-and-pull rectification shaping of drawing when grafting;
Cuttage: stem sporophore growth, to when being highly 10-12cm, carries out cuttage, cuttage comprises and flushing and grafting; Flush: first in Nutrient medium, adopt next stem with dedicated tool, bottom is scabbled, then the top of on former base is scabbled, then by two tangent plane alignment, fix with bamboo let; Grafting: be whittled into " ∧ " triangle by bottom the stem under adopting, the stem top on former base be whittled into " ∨ " triangle, by two otch grafting; Fruit body after grafting 48 hours rear ports heal, survive.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will part provide in the following description, and part will become obvious from the following description, or be recognized by practice of the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of live body grafting glossy ganoderma of the present invention views and admires potted landscape physical combination planting technique, and its technical parameter requires to be illustrated with example below.
embodiment:a kind of live body grafting glossy ganoderma views and admires potted landscape physical combination planting technique, comprises the following steps:
(1) bacterial classification is selected
Selected conversion ratio, disease-resistant energy are strong, and the bacterial classification being suitable for potted landscape growth and graft modeling is the first step of doing glossy ganoderma dish garden cultivation well.Select bacterial classification, nothing more than three kinds of forms: one with blade be main be shaped to excellent; Two with handle dry be main be shaped to excellent; Three is that petiole moulding is all excellent.The present embodiment adopts red sesame.
(2) inoculate: selected bacterial classification is inoculated the bacterium bag loading Nutrient medium.
Large area glossy ganoderma dish garden is cultivated, and Nutrient medium (bacterium bag) should be carried out in aseptic inoculation room.Because transfer room space is large, capacity is many, every day, inoculum concentration can reach up to ten thousand bacterium bags.And in inoculating hood inoculation only suitable small size cultivation.Because of its day, inoculum concentration was low, time-consuming.Transfer room inoculation time is generally selected around the Spring Festival.According to certain proportioning, raw material is mixed thoroughly by certain proportioning, in the polyethylene then loading 18cm × 40cm or polypropylene bacterium bag.Through normal-pressure sterilization after 24 hours, move into transfer room and carry out artificial infection.
The raw material that Nutrient medium comprises following weight portion is made: wood chip 60 parts, corncob 15 parts, corn flour 10 parts, 12 parts, wheat bran, 1.2 parts, gypsum, quicklime 1.2 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3 part, 0.3 part, magnesium sulfate; By raw material by proportioning poach, mix that rear water content accounts for Nutrient medium gross weight thoroughly 63%.
(3) send out bacterium: after inoculation, bacterium bag is moved to educate bacterium room added, put neat.
1. temperature control: send out bacterium in earlier stage, educate bacterium indoor temperature at 22 DEG C-26 DEG C, relative moisture is 50-60%, note observing day and night temperature and educating bacterium room upper and lower temperature difference, the temperature difference is unsuitable excessive, is tending towards constant temperature the best.Too high, the too low or excessive temperature differentials of temperature all can suppress bacterium bag to be grown and bacteria infection.
2. translation frame (smashing frame): after bacterium exceedes shoulder in bacterium bag, carried out translation frame every about 10 days, will go up undercarriage and exchange (because Yu Jun room lower floor temperature is low, mycelial growth is slow) when turning over, in translation frame process, reject depauperation and disease bag in time, decreasing pollution source.
3. to ventilate oxygenation: at the noon every day calm period, open ventilating opening and within 1 hour, carry out ventilation oxygenation, to promote hyphal development.When educating proper temperature in bacterium, if mycelial growth is slow, then prick hole oxygenation with special sterilization needle set.Prick hole and need use professional, otherwise can large area infect.
4. lucifuge: educate bacterium room and be easy to hyphal development growth under unglazed condition, if send out bacterium in the bacterium room of educating that luminosity is strong, can go out and budding in advance or mycelia aging phenomenon, affect sesame quality.
(4) physical combination
Bacterium bag is sent out completely, moves into cultivation booth and carries out cultivating and physical combination, generally combining the Ching Ming Festival around.Temperature of shed controls at 18-24 DEG C, relative moisture 50-70%.Described cultivation booth:
1. making ridge: before bacterium bag enters canopy, needs making ridge in booth according to cultivation, and form the ridge ridge: the wide 110-120cm of ridge, 2 behaviors of planting are suitable, and ridge is long depending on canopy body, and ridge is high general at 8-10cm.Spacing 50cm-the 60cm(of ridge and ridge is convenient to water and grafting operation etc.).
2. bacterium bag enters canopy: supermature bacterium bag is moved into booth, and single rack is piled up on the ridge ridge, piles up by 15-17 every square metre, so that be operating as suitable, piles up 5 floor heights.
3. clip is buddingged: bacterium bag enters canopy 4-5 days after mycelia is whitened completely, and at bacterium bag clip, clip is cut inside jag, bore 3-4cm.Namely budding after clip 5-7 days, when sesame bud grows to 1-2cm, start combination.
Physical combination:
1. select 7 bacterium bags that sesame situation is substantially identical, get wherein 1, on the ridge ridge, one is dug the round pool that about 15cm is dark, diameter is advisable to put down bacterium bag.Go out sesame one end to plant upward, tiltedly enclose supreme shoulder with soil, become center bag.Then all the other 5 are planted centered by bacterium bag (center bag) radial in five jiaos by perpendicular, barocline on center bag shoulder, go out sesame end uniform near center sesame bud.Bottom soil is fixing slightly.Remaining one perpendicular idle place on one side of planting applies as grafting, and such one group " 6+1 " combination completes.
2. second group of combination is the same with first group, only in order to make full use of the effective area in booth, improving cultivation strain number, all will design all around when combination second group or the combination of the second row, and abundant between group with group intersects, not busy area of leaving a blank less.
Observation on Growth after combination: after combination, 5-7 days each bacterium bag sesame buds form handle, and growth is sticked together,
15-20 daysstem grows to about 10cm and just starts moulding grafting.Between each group of bacterial strain, growth is neat, to go out sesame neat, there is no dysgonic combination bacterial strain, substantially without wasting.
(5) management in stem vegetative period
1. increase CO2 concentration, control O2 measures: stem growing period will close ventilating opening.In regulation and control canopy, CO2 and O2 content ratio is particularly important, and it is that to account for volume of air percentage be 20-21% for 0.1-0.3%, O2 that CO2 accounts for volume of air percentage.Every 3-5 days, open part ventilating opening ventilation 1 hour noon at fine warm calm weather.The stem of such growth is slender, level and smooth, well-balanced, grafting after being convenient to.If amplified ventilation 2-3 hours every 3-5 days, stem then there will be plucked, even occurs bifurcated, the shape such as lofty, does not also have some effect.In any case when stem growth does not reach grafting requirements of type selecting, it can not be allowed to hack.
2. controlled humidity: cultivation base is buddingged after sesame, increase booth air humidity, should reach 80%-90%, if humidity is low, then spray water is to increase humidity.Water weekly a water, should not be too large.At ordinary times every day noon 11-12 time, respectively spray one time during afternoon 2-3.Humidity is excessive, easily produces disease.Humidity too small then stem poor growth.
3. luminosity and temperature: stem growing period uses scattered light to irradiate, intensity of illumination 1000-2000LX.The light transmittance of timely adjustment temperature canopy straw mat.It is 20-26 DEG C that stem grows optimum temperature.
Stem observation on Growth: through management, respectively organizes stem even thickness between bacterial strain, without bifurcated, is convenient to grafting.
(6) live body grafting design
It is highly 10-12cm that stem (fruit body) grows into, and just starts graft modeling.
1, graft modeling method: live body graft modeling can with 8 words summarize: tie up, push-and-pull, choice, cuttage.Also known as " Eight characters grafting ".
To tie up: when stem growth about 8cm, as there being certain distance between carpopodium and handle, and not easily second layer grafting, then can adopt the method for binding, 3-5 bundles that are close, that be easy to upper strata grafting are held together together, as " basic unit ".Choosing of it is extremely important, is directly connected to the grafting quality of last layer and the effect of moulding.Tie up in process and make its growing point closely, one can be grown to, to reach the effect of mycelium resource-sharing below.
Accept or reject: buddingging and stem growth early stage, it is not exclusively the same for going out sesame situation, have dredge, have close, have strong, have weak, so to accept or reject and the method for debt-credit is conventional.In grafting procedures, if a strain limb is sparse when can not meet self grafting needs, can improve oneself from other strain of the dense stalwartness of limb or spare bag borrow 1-2.
Push-and-pull: Yin Lingzhi itself has very strong phototaxis, adds multilayer grafting, will certainly cause the phenomenon of ' top-heavy '.In order to allow every strain glossy ganoderma dish garden all reach desirable artistic effect, " power " push-and-pull to be used when grafting in time to correct shaping, support can be adopted, hang the mode of drawing, the effect of realizing ideal.
Cuttage: stem sporophore growth, to when being highly 10-12cm, carries out cuttage, cuttage is the main grafting method of live body glossy ganoderma dish garden grafting art.Cuttage comprises and flushing and grafting.Flush: first in Nutrient medium, adopt next stem with dedicated tool, bottom is scabbled, then the top of on former base is scabbled, then by two tangent plane alignment, fix with toothpick.Grafting: be whittled into " ∧ " triangle by bottom the stem under adopting, the stem top on former base be whittled into " ∨ " triangle, by two otch grafting.Fruit body after grafting 48 hours rear ports heal, survive.After 4-5 days grafting survivals, then grafting last layer as stated above.
Observe after grafting: stem is thicker, the fruit body ensemble average diameter after growth reaches 21cm, and average plant height reaches 40cm, and moulding is very beautiful.
2, design classification.Glossy ganoderma dish garden has unique attribute, its unique style of moulding, other tool romantic charm.According to different glossy ganoderma growth characteristics, its design can be divided into a few class:
1. from form point, single moulding and two branch (containing branched) moulding can be divided into.Single formative technology is relatively simple, and two formative technologies are comparatively complicated, and grafting technique has certain difficulty relatively.
2. from petiole feature point, can be divided into blade is the design of advocating peace based on dry handle.With the moulding of Ye Weizhu, leaf great circle is wealthy, honest and sincere forceful, as auspicious cloud stacks, and elegant.Based on the moulding of dry handle, limb is powerful, and blade is elegant, builds into like complying with one's wishes, naturally free and easy.
3. from grafting complexity point, conventional moulding and special formed can be divided into.Conventional moulding is easy is easy to operation, and special formed technique needs original and different.For example glossy ganoderma dish garden and strange stone are combined, the art such as glossy ganoderma dish garden and painting and calligraphy are combined etc.
3, the item should noted between grafting time
1. not easily sprinkle water toward interface in 48 hours after grafting, otherwise interface is difficult to healing, even causes courses of infection, grafting failure.
2. during grafting, the sterilization of the article such as cutter should be noted, keep the feelings of grafting otch clean, avoid causing cross-infection, cause large area disease.
3. as found, interface occurs to infect and pathology, and timely germ killing drugs to smear treatment, nonresponder extracts in time, grafting of being then expert at.
(7) management of leaf growth phase
After grafting work all completes, just enter the last stage of glossy ganoderma dish garden design---blade shape construction.The size that this stage blade is formed, thickness, quality are directly connected to the artistic effect of whole strain glossy ganoderma dish garden.This in period natural temperature or the growth of the very suitable blade of temperature of shed, key is the good humidity of utilization and the oxygen of science.
1. stronger ventilation amount, a large amount of oxygenation: leaf growth needs a large amount of oxygen, oxygen fills, and leaf development is fast, grow, pretty figure.Now, all should open ventilating opening, opening time every day is no less than 12 hours.
2. strengthen water consumption, increase humidity: be suitable for strengthening water consumption, increase humidity.Glossy ganoderma dish garden hacks period, and natural temperature increases gradually, and temperature of shed is again higher than natural temperature, and add glossy ganoderma dish garden plant type gradually greatly, leaf growth needs a large amount of moisture.So humidity is very large on its impact.Hack early stage, noon every day sprays water 1-2 times, hacks the later stage, at least sprays water every day 3 times, controlled humidity 90-95%.More than 28 DEG C high temperature periods, water every other day 1 time.But it is not easily excessive to execute the water yield, hot and humidly easily cause disease.
3. be tending towards ripe, spring conidial powder period, directly should not spray water on blade, water noon every day 1 time.
After grafting, stem is thicker, and the bacterial strain ensemble average diameter after growth reaches 21cm, and average plant height reaches 40cm, and moulding is very beautiful, grows neatly, goes out sesame neatly, there is no dysgonic combination bacterial strain, substantially without waste between each group bacterial strain.
Timely collecting, dries or dries, anticorrosion mothproof process, dress basin.Namely one strain glossy ganoderma dish garden has accused.
experimental example 1: Nutrient medium is on the lignified impact of fruit body
Experimental group: the Nutrient medium adopting embodiment 1: the raw material comprising following weight portion is made: wood chip 60 parts, corncob 15 parts, corn flour 10 parts, 12 parts, wheat bran, 1.2 parts, gypsum, quicklime 1.2 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3 part, 0.3 part, magnesium sulfate; By raw material by proportioning poach, mix that rear water content accounts for Nutrient medium gross weight thoroughly 63%.
Contrast groups: the preparation method adopting a patent 201310680939.2(live body glossy ganoderma dish garden) in Nutrient medium: mass fraction is: weed tree sawdust 25%, wood particle 50%, wheat bran (i.e. wheat bran) 15%, corn flour 5%, analysis for soybean powder 3%, gypsum 1% and brown sugar 1%.
Two groups of cultivation of glossy ganoderma processes are identical with embodiment 1, do not have the step of physical combination and grafting, contrast with the fruit body of single glossy ganoderma after inoculation, a bacterium, growth.
Content of lignin measures: fruit body is pulverized after 60 DEG C of oven for drying, after crossing 40 mesh sieves, by 1: 10(W/V) add boiling water, in boiling water after being cooled to room temperature 25 DEG C: the ratio of sulfuric acid=5:1 (v:v) adds the sulfuric acid that mass fraction is 85%, fully 4h is stirred under room temperature, add 250mLdH2O and boil 1h, the core pan suction filtration of drying to constant weight is used after being cooled to room temperature, with 60 DEG C of hot dH2O washings do not occur when washing lotion and 10%BaCl2 reacts deep, weigh after core pan oven dry of disturbing by making noise.Get 3 strain ganoderma lucidum fruitbodies respectively for two groups to measure, content calculates content of lignin by with following formula:
Lignin (%)=[(after suction filtration before funnel weight-suction filtration funnel weight)/sample] × 100%
Result: experimental group content of lignin: 18.1%, 17.9%, 16.8%, average is 17.6%;
Contrast groups content of lignin: 12.7%, 13.4%, 14.5%, average is 13.5%.
Conclusion: relative to contrast groups, the bacterial strain color after the strain growth that experimental group is cultivated is beautiful, sheet shape is mellow and full, make fruit body degree of lignification high, and hardness is large.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention, those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: can carry out multiple change, amendment, replacement and modification to these embodiments when not departing from principle of the present invention and aim, scope of the present invention is by claim and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. live body glossy ganoderma views and admires a potted landscape physical combination planting technique, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) bacterial classification is selected;
(2) inoculate: selected bacterial classification is inoculated the bacterium bag loading Nutrient medium;
(3) bacterium is sent out: send out bacterium by being undertaken by the bacterium bag after kind;
(4) physical combination: bacterium bag is sent out completely, at bacterium bag clip, budding after clip, when sesame bud grows to about 1-2cm, start combination: select several bacterium bags that sesame situation is substantially identical, get wherein 1, go out sesame one end and vertically place upward, become center bag, all the other bacterium bags are put centered by vertically fixing bacterium bag, each bacterium bag homocline is pressed on the bag shoulder of center bag, goes out sesame end evenly near the sesame bud of center bag, and is fixed by some bacterium bags;
(5) management after combination.
2. planting technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is evenly put in described step (4) physical combination by all the other bacterium bags centered by vertically fixing bacterium bag.
3. planting technique according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described step (4) physical combination is " 6+1 " physical combination or " 7+1 " physical combination, namely " 6+1 " physical combination selects 7 substantially identical bacterium bags of sesame situation, get wherein bag centered by 1, all the other 5 bacterium bags are radial in five jiaos centered by center bag, barocline on center bag bag shoulder, go out sesame end uniform near center sesame bud; Remaining one perpendicular idle place on one side of planting applies as grafting, and such one group " 6+1 " combination completes; Namely " 7+1 " physical combination selects 8 substantially identical bacterium bags of sesame situation, gets wherein bag centered by 1, and all the other 6 bacterium bags are radial in hexagonal centered by center bag, baroclines on center bag bag shoulder, goes out sesame end uniform near center sesame bud; Remaining one perpendicular idle place on one side of planting applies as grafting, and such one group " 7+1 " combination completes.
4. the planting technique according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, dig on ground in described step (4) physical combination that 10-20cm is dark, round pool that diameter and bacterium bag diameter adapt, center bag goes out sesame one end and plants upward, tiltedly enclose supreme shoulder with soil, all the other bacterium bags barocline on center bag bag shoulder, and bottom soil is fixing afterwards.
5. planting technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the raw material that described step (2) Middle nutrition base comprises following weight portion is made: wood chip 60-70 part, corncob 15-25 part, corn flour 10-12 part, wheat bran 10-12 part, gypsum 1-1.5 part, quicklime 1-1.2 part, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3 part, 0.3 part, magnesium sulfate; By raw material by proportioning poach, mix the 60-65% that rear water content accounts for Nutrient medium gross weight thoroughly.
6. planting technique according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the raw material that described step (2) Middle nutrition base comprises following weight portion is made: wood chip 60 parts, corncob 15 parts, corn flour 10 parts, 12 parts, wheat bran, 1.2 parts, gypsum, quicklime 1.2 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3 part, 0.3 part, magnesium sulfate; By raw material by proportioning poach, mix the 60-65% that rear water content accounts for Nutrient medium gross weight thoroughly.
7. planting technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, sends out bacterium: after inoculation in described step (3), bacterium bag is moved to educate bacterium room added, puts neatly;
1. temperature control: send out bacterium in earlier stage, educate bacterium indoor temperature at 22 DEG C-26 DEG C, relative moisture is 50-60%, note observing the temperature difference and educating bacterium room upper and lower temperature difference, the temperature difference is unsuitable excessive, is tending towards constant temperature the best;
2. translation frame: carried out translation frame every 8-12 days, will go up undercarriage and exchange when turning over, in translation frame process, reject depauperation and disease bag in time, decreasing pollution source;
3. to ventilate oxygenation; Educate bacterium indoor and answer timing ventilation ventilating oxygen; When educating bacterium indoor temperature and being suitable, if mycelial growth is slow, then prick hole oxygenation with sterilization needle set;
4. lucifuge: educate bacterium room and be easy to hyphal development growth under unglazed condition.
8. planting technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of before physical combination in described step (4): bacterium bag is sent out completely, move into cultivation booth and carry out cultivating and physical combination, temperature of shed controls at 18-24 DEG C, relative moisture 50-70%; Described cultivation booth:
1. making ridge: before bacterium bag enters canopy, needs making ridge in booth according to cultivation, forms the ridge ridge: wide 2 behaviors of planting of ridge are suitable, and ridge is long depending on canopy body, and ridge is high general at 8-10cm; Spacing 50cm-the 60cm of ridge and ridge;
2. bacterium bag enters canopy: supermature bacterium bag is moved into booth, and single rack is piled up on the ridge ridge, piles up, pile up multilayer by 15-17 every square metre;
3. clip is buddingged: bacterium bag enters canopy 4-5 days after mycelia is whitened completely, and at bacterium bag clip, clip is cut inside jag, bore 3-4cm; Namely budding after clip 5-7 days, when sesame bud grows to 1-2cm, start combination.
9. planting technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that, management is divided into management and the management of leaf growth phase in stem vegetative period in described step (5);
The management in described stem vegetative period:
1. increase CO2 concentration, controls O2 measures: stem growing period will close ventilating opening, and every 3-5 days, ventilation 1 hour, regulates and controls CO2 and O2 content ratio in canopy, and it is that to account for volume of air percentage be 20-21% for 0.1-0.3%, O2 that CO2 accounts for volume of air percentage;
2. controlled humidity: cultivation base is buddingged after sesame, increase booth air humidity, should reach 80%-90%, if humidity is low, then spray water is to increase humidity;
3. luminosity and temperature: stem growing period uses scattered light to irradiate, intensity of illumination 1000-2000LX; Adjustment temperature is 20-26 DEG C;
The management of described leaf growth phase:
1. stronger ventilation amount, a large amount of oxygenation: leaf growth needs a large amount of oxygen, now all should open the ventilating opening of booth, opening time every day is no less than 12 hours;
2. strengthen water consumption, increase humidity: hack early stage, noon every day sprays water 1-2 times, hacks the later stage, at least sprays water every day 3 times, controlled humidity 90-95%, more than 28 DEG C high temperature periods, waters every other day 1 time;
3. be tending towards ripe, spring conidial powder period, directly should not spray water on blade, water noon every day 1 time.
10. planting technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the middle management process of described step (5), stem sporophore growth is to when being highly 8-12cm, also comprise the step of live body graft modeling, live body graft modeling adopt " Eight characters grafting ", that is: tie up, accept or reject, push-and-pull, cuttage:
Tie up: when stem growth about 8cm, as there being the distance of not easily second layer grafting between carpopodium and handle, then adopt the method for binding, 3-5 branch bundle that is close, that be easy to upper strata grafting is held together together, as " basic unit ";
Accept or reject: buddingging and stem growth early stage, it is not exclusively the same for going out sesame situation, in grafting procedures, if a strain limb is sparse when can not meet self grafting needs, improve oneself from other strain of the dense stalwartness of limb or spare bag borrow 1-2 branch;
Push-and-pull: in order to the needs of design, will adopt support in time, hang the mode push-and-pull rectification shaping of drawing when grafting;
Cuttage: stem sporophore growth, to when being highly 10-12cm, carries out cuttage, cuttage comprises and flushing and grafting; Flush: first in Nutrient medium, adopt next stem with dedicated tool, bottom is scabbled, then the top of on former base is scabbled, then by two tangent plane alignment, fixing; Grafting: be whittled into " ∧ " triangle by bottom the stem under adopting, the stem top on former base be whittled into " ∨ " triangle, by two otch grafting; Fruit body after grafting 48 hours rear ports heal, survive.
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