CN113615478A - Preparation method of palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai - Google Patents
Preparation method of palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai Download PDFInfo
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- CN113615478A CN113615478A CN202111001727.8A CN202111001727A CN113615478A CN 113615478 A CN113615478 A CN 113615478A CN 202111001727 A CN202111001727 A CN 202111001727A CN 113615478 A CN113615478 A CN 113615478A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai, which comprises the following steps: filling the fungus bag culture medium into a fungus bag, sterilizing, and inoculating the mother strain of Ganoderma to obtain Ganoderma fungus bag; performing darkroom culture, low-light culture and high-light culture on the ganoderma lucidum fungus bags in sequence until ganoderma lucidum is differentiated to grow pileus, and obtaining ganoderma lucidum; culturing the ganoderma lucidum in the illumination intensity of 200-600 lx at the temperature of 15-25 ℃, and then smearing 300-1000 times of phytoncin on the edge part of a pileus before the pileus of the ganoderma lucidum is lignified, and increasing the carbon dioxide concentration to 600-1500 ppm to obtain palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum; and after the ganoderma lucidum stems growing at the edge parts of the pileus reach 9-11 cm, performing highlight culture on the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum again, and then putting the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum into a flowerpot after cleaning and sterilization to obtain the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai. The method has the advantages of stability, high repeatability, and vivid and natural palm shape.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fungus cultivation, in particular to a preparation method of a palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai.
Background
Ganoderma lucidum, the original name Ganoderma lucidum, was listed as the top grade product in Shen nong Ben Cao Jing, and has the effects of nourishing heart, tranquilizing mind, invigorating qi, replenishing blood, relieving cough and asthma, generally speaking, all the herbs are the herbs of one disease, and Ganoderma lucidum is the herb of many diseases. According to the color of ganoderma pileus, there are red, black, green, white, yellow and purple ganoderma. The 2020 version is recorded in Chinese pharmacopoeia, and medicinal Ganoderma is dried fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum ganodermatan lucidum (Leys. Ex Fr.) Karst. or Ganoderma sinense Zhao, Xu et Zhang of Polyporaceae. Ganoderma belongs to middle and high temperature strains, has wild distribution in most provinces of China, and is mostly grown on rotten wood of oak and other broad-leaved trees; with the increasing maturity of ganoderma lucidum cultivation technology, large-area artificial greenhouse cultivation is realized in Anhui, Shandong, Hubei and other provinces at present. The glossy ganoderma potted landscape is a plant potted landscape which is made up by using glossy ganoderma as main moulding material and adding or not adding other auxiliary material. On one hand, the lucid ganoderma bonsai can give a beautiful feeling to people as an artwork, meanwhile, the lucid ganoderma has good and lucky symbols due to culture inheritance of lucid ganoderma, on the other hand, as a resource with homology of medicine and food, lucid ganoderma sporocarp has strong inhibition effect on viruses, cancer cells and bacteria, and lucid ganoderma spore powder has the effects of calming the nerves, tranquilizing and the like on a human body, and has beneficial effects on the human body.
At present, the development of the ganoderma bonsai has two directions; (1) the first direction is non-plant bonsai, for example, Chinese invention patent with publication No. CN 102211493, which discloses a glossy ganoderma bonsai, which is made by filling technical resin, curing agent, imitative color paste, talcum powder and accelerant into silica gel molds of glossy ganoderma handle, hill stone, character, bird, animal and the like, and combining and manufacturing. The bonsai of glossy ganoderma has various shapes, changes a lot, has the shape of glossy ganoderma, but is not real glossy ganoderma and non-plant bonsai, and has one less natural charm. (2) The other direction is living body glossy ganoderma potted landscape, for example, Chinese invention patent with publication No. CN 103081722 discloses a glossy ganoderma pictographic potted landscape, which is formed by filling glossy ganoderma culture medium and fruit body into bag or mould with well-made shape and forming glossy ganoderma potted landscape with certain shape through shape restriction. However, the naturally grown lucid ganoderma bonsai has more ornamental and practical properties and more vivid and natural shape.
Therefore, how to provide a preparation method of a palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai, which is characterized in that palm modeling is carried out on ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies by jointly regulating and controlling light factors, temperature factors, chemical factors and air factors, the palm shape is vivid and natural, the appearance is exquisite, the method is stable and high in repeatability, batch production can be realized, and economic benefits are high.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai, which comprises:
obtaining a fungus bag culture medium;
filling the fungus bag culture medium into a fungus bag, sterilizing, and inoculating a ganoderma lucidum mother seed to obtain a ganoderma lucidum fungus bag;
performing darkroom culture, low-light culture and high-light culture on the ganoderma lucidum fungus bags in sequence until ganoderma lucidum is differentiated to grow pileus, and obtaining ganoderma lucidum;
culturing the ganoderma lucidum at the illumination intensity of 200-600 lx and the temperature of 15-25 ℃, and then before the pileus of the ganoderma lucidum is lignified, coating 300-1000 times of phytoncin on the edge part of the pileus, and simultaneously increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide to 600-1500 ppm until ganoderma lucidum stems grow on the edge part of the pileus to obtain palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum;
after the ganoderma lucidum stems growing at the edge of the pileus reach 9-11 cm, performing highlight culture on the palm ganoderma lucidum again until the palm ganoderma lucidum is completely changed into red brown ganoderma lucidum or purple brown ganoderma lucidum;
and removing the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum and the fungus bag culture medium together, and filling the fungus bag into a flowerpot after cleaning and sterilization to obtain the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai.
Further, the water content of the fungus bag culture medium is 60-80%, and the pH value is 5-8; the preparation raw materials of the fungus bag culture medium comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 80-90% of momordica grosvenori residues, 5-15% of corn flour, 2-6% of brown sugar and 1-5% of gypsum powder.
Further, the obtaining of the bag culture medium comprises:
soaking 80-90% of momordica grosvenori pomace in clear water in percentage by mass, adding 5-15% of corn flour, 2-6% of brown sugar, 1-5% of gypsum powder and clear water, and uniformly mixing, wherein the adding amount of the clear water is 60-80% of water content, so as to obtain the fungus bag culture medium.
Further, the darkroom culture comprises: culturing for 10-15 days in a dark room with the temperature of 20-30 ℃, the humidity of 60-80% and the carbon dioxide concentration of 200-600 ppm until the mycelium is covered with the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag.
Further, the low light culturing comprises: and controlling the illumination intensity to be 200-600 lx, the temperature to be 20-30 ℃, the humidity to be 60-80% and the carbon dioxide concentration to be 600-800 ppm until the ganoderma lucidum grows out stipe.
Further, the highlight culture comprises: the illumination intensity is controlled to be 3000-5000lx, the temperature is controlled to be 20-30 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 60-90%, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is controlled to be 200-600 ppm.
Further, in the highlight culture, the control light intensity is 3000-5000lx, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
7:00 to 19:00, the illumination intensity is controlled to be 4000 to 5000lx,
19: 00-7: 00 of the next day, and controlling the illumination intensity to be 3000-4000 lx.
Furthermore, sandstone and vegetation are added into the flowerpot.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the invention provides a preparation method of a palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai, which comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out darkroom culture, low-light culture and high-light culture on ganoderma lucidum fungus bags until ganoderma lucidum differentiates and grows to form fungus caps, thus obtaining ganoderma lucidum; culturing the ganoderma lucidum at the illumination intensity of 200-600 lx and the temperature of 15-25 ℃, and then before the pileus of the ganoderma lucidum is lignified, coating 300-1000 times of phytoncin on the edge part of the pileus, and simultaneously increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide to 600-1500 ppm until ganoderma stems grow on the edge part of the pileus to obtain palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum; after the highlight culture and shaping are carried out again, the palm-shaped lucid ganoderma and the fungus bag culture medium are moved out of the fungus bag together and put into a flowerpot after cleaning and sterilization, and a palm-shaped lucid ganoderma bonsai is obtained;
according to the invention, palm modeling of ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies can be realized by jointly adjusting and controlling a light factor (the illumination intensity is 200-600 lx), a temperature factor (the temperature is 15-25 ℃), a chemical factor (300-1000 times of phytoncin is smeared on the edge part of a pileus of ganoderma lucidum before the pileus is lignified) and an air factor (the concentration of carbon dioxide is increased to 600-1500 ppm), so that the advancement of modern agricultural technology is embodied.
After the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai is shaped, the culture medium can be added again to supply the growth of ganoderma lucidum, and the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai is a living ganoderma lucidum bonsai which is exquisite in appearance, stable in method, high in repeatability, capable of realizing batch production and high in economic benefit.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a palm-shaped Ganoderma lucidum bonsai according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a palm-shaped Ganoderma bonsai picture prepared by the method for preparing a palm-shaped Ganoderma bonsai provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the present invention will be more clearly apparent therefrom. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments and examples are for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be obtained by an existing method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the general idea of the embodiment of the application is as follows:
according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai, as shown in fig. 1, the method comprising:
step S1, obtaining a fungus bag culture medium;
as an optional implementation manner, in the step S1, a bag culture medium may be selected from a bag culture medium commonly used in the market, and preferably, the water content of the bag culture medium of the embodiment of the present invention is 60 to 80%, and the pH value is 5 to 8; the preparation raw materials of the fungus bag culture medium comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 80-90% of momordica grosvenori residues, 5-15% of corn flour, 2-6% of brown sugar and 1-5% of gypsum powder.
The concrete configuration steps are as follows: soaking 80-90% of momordica grosvenori pomace in clear water in percentage by mass, adding 5-15% of corn flour, 2-6% of brown sugar, 1-5% of gypsum powder and clear water, and uniformly mixing, wherein the adding amount of the clear water is 60-80% of water content, so as to obtain the fungus bag culture medium.
80-90% of momordica grosvenori residues, low cost of the momordica grosvenori residues, waste utilization of momordica grosvenori resources and an industrial chain of the momordica grosvenori resources are extended. If the addition amount of the momordica grosvenori residues is less than 80%, the nutrition supply is not facilitated, and if the addition amount of the momordica grosvenori residues is more than 90%, the growth speed of ganoderma lucidum mycelia is adversely affected;
5-15% of corn flour, wherein the addition of the corn flour is beneficial to the production of spores and sporocarps on the culture medium by the ganoderma lucidum, and the yield of the ganoderma lucidum sporocarps is adversely affected by too little production;
2-6% of brown sugar, has the effect of promoting the growth of ganoderma lucidum sporocarp, and increases the risk of growth of mixed bacteria when the amount of brown sugar is too large;
1-5% of gypsum powder has the effect of adjusting the pH of the culture medium, and too little or too much change of the pH of the culture medium is not beneficial to the growth of the ganoderma lucidum sporocarp;
step S2, filling the fungus bag culture medium into a fungus bag for sterilization, and then inoculating a ganoderma lucidum mother strain to obtain a ganoderma lucidum fungus bag;
step S3, performing darkroom culture, low-light culture and high-light culture on the ganoderma lucidum fungus bags in sequence until ganoderma lucidum is differentiated to grow pileus, and obtaining ganoderma lucidum;
in the step S3:
the darkroom culture comprises the following steps: culturing for 10-15 days in a dark room with the temperature of 20-30 ℃, the humidity of 60-80% and the carbon dioxide concentration of 200-600 ppm until the mycelium is covered with the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag.
The low light culture comprises: and controlling the illumination intensity to be 200-600 lx, the temperature to be 20-30 ℃, the humidity to be 60-80% and the carbon dioxide concentration to be 600-800 ppm until the ganoderma lucidum grows out stipe.
The highlight culture comprises the following steps: the illumination intensity is controlled to be 3000-5000lx, the temperature is controlled to be 20-30 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 60-90%, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is controlled to be 200-600 ppm.
In the highlight culture, the control illumination intensity is 3000-5000lx, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
7:00 to 19:00, the illumination intensity is controlled to be 4000 to 5000lx,
19: 00-7: 00 of the next day, and controlling the illumination intensity to be 3000-4000 lx.
And (3) performing darkroom culture, low-light culture and high-light culture on the ganoderma lucidum fungus bags in sequence to facilitate differentiation and growth of pileus of the ganoderma lucidum, thereby obtaining the ganoderma lucidum.
Step S4, culturing the ganoderma lucidum-producing lucid ganoderma under the illumination intensity of 200-600 lx and the temperature of 15-25 ℃, then smearing 300-1000 times of phytoncin on the edge part of a pileus before the pileus of the ganoderma lucidum-producing lucid ganoderma is lignified, and simultaneously increasing the carbon dioxide concentration to 600-1500 ppm until ganoderma stems grow on the edge part of the pileus to obtain palm-shaped lucid ganoderma;
in the technical scheme, 300-1000 times of phytoncide is smeared on the edge part of the pileus, wherein the edge part of the pileus is specifically the position of 0.5-1.5 cm of the pileus edge; the 300-1000 times of phytoncin specifically comprises: diluting phytoncide to 300-1000 times;
according to the invention, palm modeling of ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies can be realized by jointly adjusting and controlling a light factor (the illumination intensity is 200-600 lx), a temperature factor (the temperature is 15-25 ℃), a chemical factor (before the pileus of ganoderma lucidum is lignified, 300-1000 times of phytoncin is smeared on the edge part of the pileus) and an air factor (the concentration of carbon dioxide is increased to 600-1500 ppm), so that the advancement of modern agricultural technology is embodied.
After the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai is shaped, the culture medium can be added again to supply the growth of ganoderma lucidum, and the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai is a living ganoderma lucidum bonsai which is exquisite in appearance, stable in method, high in repeatability, capable of realizing batch production and high in economic benefit.
The light factor (the illumination intensity is 200-600 lx), the temperature factor (the temperature is 15-25 ℃), the chemical factor (300-1000 times of phytoncin is coated on the edge part of the pileus before the pileus of the ganoderma lucidum is lignified) and the air factor (the concentration of carbon dioxide is increased to 600-1500 ppm) are regulated and controlled, and any parameter is out of the range of the embodiment of the invention, so that the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai cannot be successfully prepared.
As a preferred embodiment, the light factor (light intensity is 300-500 lx), the temperature factor (temperature is 18-22 ℃), the chemical factor (before the pileus of the ganoderma lucidum is lignified, 500-800 times of phytoncin is smeared at the edge of the pileus) and the air factor (the concentration of carbon dioxide is increased to 0.08-0.12%) are regulated and controlled;
as the best implementation mode, the light factor (the illumination intensity is 400lx), the temperature factor (the temperature is 20 ℃), the chemical factor (650 times of phytoncin is smeared at the edge part of the pileus of the ganoderma lucidum before the pileus is lignified) and the air factor (the concentration of carbon dioxide is increased to 1000ppm) are regulated and controlled;
step S5, after the ganoderma handle growing on the edge of the pileus reaches 9-11 cm, performing highlight culture on the palm ganoderma again until the palm ganoderma is completely changed into red-brown ganoderma lucidum or purple-brown ganoderma lucidum;
in the technical scheme, after the ganoderma handle growing at the edge of the pileus reaches 9-11 cm, the palm ganoderma lucidum is subjected to highlight culture again until the palm ganoderma lucidum is completely changed into red-brown ganoderma lucidum or purple-brown ganoderma lucidum: the glossy ganoderma stems growing on the edge of the pileus reach 9-11 cm, and then are subjected to highlight culture, so that the color change of the glossy ganoderma stems can be accelerated, and the palm-shaped glossy ganoderma bonsai can be favorably shaped; if the glossy ganoderma handle is smaller than 9cm, the shaping is too early, the shape of the glossy ganoderma fingers is not obvious enough, and if the glossy ganoderma handle is larger than 11cm, the highlight culture is carried out, new glossy ganoderma covers are easily differentiated from the new glossy ganoderma handle, and the shape of the glossy ganoderma palm is influenced.
And step S6, removing the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum and the fungus bag culture medium together, and putting the fungus bag into a flowerpot after cleaning and sterilization to obtain the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai.
As an optional embodiment, sand and vegetation are added to the flowerpot.
The following will explain in detail a method for preparing a palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai according to the present application with reference to examples, comparative examples and experimental data.
Example 1
A preparation method of a palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai comprises the following steps:
1. ganoderma lucidum cultivation
(1) Method for preparing glossy ganoderma fungus bag
The culture medium of the fungus bag comprises the following ingredients in proportion: 80% of momordica grosvenori residues, 15% of corn flour, 3% of brown sugar and 2% of gypsum powder.
② a preparation method of the culture medium: soaking fructus Siraitiae Grosvenorii residue in clear water overnight, adding corn flour, brown sugar, Gypsum Fibrosum powder and small amount of clear water, and stirring; the obtained culture medium had a water content of 65% and a pH of 6.
③ sterilizing and inoculating the fungus bags: putting the culture medium into 17cm × 33cm polypropylene plastic bags, wherein each bag is 500g in wet weight, fastening the bag openings, and sterilizing for 2h at 121 ℃; after natural cooling, inoculating on a clean bench.
(2) Management of fruiting bodies
Culturing in a dark room: culturing the inoculated Ganoderma bag in dark room at 25 deg.C and humidity of 65% and carbon dioxide concentration of 600ppm for 15 days until the mycelium is covered with the whole bag.
② low light culture: the illumination intensity is controlled to be 300lx, the temperature is 20 ℃, the humidity is 60 percent, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is 600ppm until the ganoderma lucidum grows out of stipe.
③ highlight culture: controlling the illumination intensity to be 3000-.
2. Preparation of palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai
(1) Palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum molding
Regulating and controlling light factors and temperature factors: the illumination intensity in the ganoderma lucidum culture chamber is reduced to 300lx, and the temperature is 20 ℃.
Regulating and controlling chemical factors: before growing ganoderma pileus lignification, 500 times of phytoncin is coated at intervals on the edge of the pileus.
Regulating and controlling air factors: increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the ganoderma lucidum culture chamber to 1500ppm until the ganoderma lucidum stems grow out again from the edge of the ganoderma lucidum pileus coated with phytoalexin.
(2) Making palm-shaped glossy ganoderma potted landscape
Shaping: and after the newly grown ganoderma stems at the edges of the pileus reach about 10cm, restoring the high-light culture of the ganoderma until the ganoderma fruit bodies are completely changed into red brown (ganoderma lucidum).
Secondly, manufacturing the bonsai: loosening the Ganoderma bag, placing the palm-shaped Ganoderma bag culture medium into the cleaned and sterilized flowerpot, adding sandstone and vegetation, and finishing the manufacture of palm-shaped Ganoderma bonsai.
Example 2
A preparation method of a palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai comprises the following steps:
1. ganoderma lucidum cultivation
(1) Method for preparing glossy ganoderma fungus bag
The culture medium of the fungus bag comprises the following ingredients in proportion: 85% of momordica grosvenori residues, 8% of corn flour, 6% of brown sugar and 1% of gypsum powder.
② a preparation method of the culture medium: soaking fructus Siraitiae Grosvenorii residue in clear water overnight, adding corn flour, brown sugar, Gypsum Fibrosum powder and small amount of clear water, and stirring; the obtained culture medium had a water content of 65% and a pH of 6.
③ sterilizing and inoculating the fungus bags: putting the culture medium into 17cm × 33cm polypropylene plastic bags, wherein each bag is 500g in wet weight, fastening the bag openings, and sterilizing for 2h at 121 ℃; after natural cooling, inoculating on a clean bench.
(2) Management of fruiting bodies
Culturing in a dark room: culturing the inoculated Ganoderma bag in dark room at 25 deg.C and humidity of 65% and carbon dioxide concentration of 300ppm for 12 days until the mycelium is covered with the whole bag.
② low light culture: the illumination intensity is controlled to be 500lx, the temperature is 25 ℃, the humidity is 70 percent, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is 700ppm until the ganoderma lucidum grows out of stipe.
③ highlight culture: controlling the illumination intensity to be 3000-.
2. Preparation of palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai
(1) Palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum molding
Regulating and controlling light factors and temperature factors: the illumination intensity in the ganoderma lucidum culture room is reduced to 500lx, and the temperature is 15 ℃.
Regulating and controlling chemical factors: before growing ganoderma pileus lignification, 1000 times of phytoncin is coated at intervals on the edge of the pileus.
Regulating and controlling air factors: increasing carbon dioxide concentration in the Ganoderma culture chamber to 1000ppm, and growing Ganoderma stem again at the edge of Ganoderma pileus coated with phytoncide.
(2) Making palm-shaped glossy ganoderma potted landscape
Shaping: and after the newly grown ganoderma stems at the edges of the pileus reach about 10cm, restoring the high-light culture of the ganoderma until the ganoderma fruit bodies are completely changed into red brown (ganoderma lucidum).
Secondly, manufacturing the bonsai: loosening the Ganoderma bag, placing the palm-shaped Ganoderma bag culture medium into the cleaned and sterilized flowerpot, adding sandstone and vegetation, and finishing the manufacture of palm-shaped Ganoderma bonsai.
Example 3
A preparation method of a palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai comprises the following steps:
1. ganoderma lucidum cultivation
(1) Method for preparing glossy ganoderma fungus bag
The culture medium of the fungus bag comprises the following ingredients in proportion: 90% of momordica grosvenori residues, 5% of corn flour, 3% of brown sugar and 2% of gypsum powder.
② a preparation method of the culture medium: soaking fructus Siraitiae Grosvenorii residue in clear water overnight, adding corn flour, brown sugar, Gypsum Fibrosum powder and small amount of clear water, and stirring; the obtained culture medium had a water content of 70% and a pH of 7.
③ sterilizing and inoculating the fungus bags: putting the culture medium into 17cm × 33cm polypropylene plastic bags, wherein each bag is 500g in wet weight, fastening the bag openings, and sterilizing for 2h at 121 ℃; after natural cooling, inoculating on a clean bench.
(2) Management of fruiting bodies
Culturing in a dark room: culturing the inoculated Ganoderma bag in dark room at 25 deg.C with humidity of 70% and carbon dioxide concentration of 200ppm for 10 days until the mycelium is covered with the whole bag.
② low light culture: controlling the illumination intensity at 300lx, the temperature at 25 ℃, the humidity at 80% and the carbon dioxide concentration at 800ppm until the ganoderma lucidum grows out of stipe.
③ highlight culture: the illumination intensity is controlled to be 3000-.
2. Preparation of palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai
(1) Palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum molding
Regulating and controlling light factors and temperature factors: the illumination intensity in the ganoderma lucidum culture chamber is reduced to 400lx, and the temperature is 20 ℃.
Regulating and controlling chemical factors: before growing ganoderma pileus lignification, 300 times of phytoncin is coated at intervals on the edge of the pileus.
Regulating and controlling air factors: increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the ganoderma lucidum culture chamber to 600ppm until the ganoderma lucidum stems grow out again from the edge of the ganoderma lucidum pileus coated with phytoalexin.
(2) Making palm-shaped glossy ganoderma potted landscape
Shaping: and after the newly grown ganoderma stems at the edges of the pileus reach about 10cm, restoring the high-light culture of the ganoderma until the ganoderma fruit bodies are completely changed into red brown (ganoderma lucidum).
Secondly, manufacturing the bonsai: loosening the Ganoderma bag, placing the palm-shaped Ganoderma bag culture medium into the cleaned and sterilized flowerpot, adding sandstone and vegetation, and finishing the manufacture of palm-shaped Ganoderma bonsai.
Example 4
A preparation method of a palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai comprises the following steps:
1. ganoderma lucidum cultivation
(1) Method for preparing glossy ganoderma fungus bag
The culture medium of the fungus bag comprises the following ingredients in proportion: 83% of momordica grosvenori residues, 10% of corn flour, 2% of brown sugar and 5% of gypsum powder.
② a preparation method of the culture medium: soaking fructus Siraitiae Grosvenorii residue in clear water overnight, adding corn flour, brown sugar, Gypsum Fibrosum powder and small amount of clear water, and stirring; the obtained culture medium has water content of 60% and pH of 6.
③ sterilizing and inoculating the fungus bags: putting the culture medium into 17cm × 33cm polypropylene plastic bags, wherein each bag is 500g in wet weight, fastening the bag openings, and sterilizing for 2h at 121 ℃; after natural cooling, inoculating on a clean bench.
(2) Management of fruiting bodies
Culturing in a dark room: culturing the inoculated Ganoderma bag in dark room at 30 deg.C and humidity 80% with carbon dioxide concentration of 400ppm for 12 days until the mycelium is covered with the whole bag.
② low light culture: the illumination intensity is controlled to be 200lx, the temperature is 30 ℃, the humidity is 70 percent, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is 700ppm until the ganoderma lucidum grows out of stipe.
③ highlight culture: the illumination intensity is controlled to be 3000-.
2. Preparation of palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai
(1) Palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum molding
Regulating and controlling light factors and temperature factors: the illumination intensity in the ganoderma lucidum culture chamber is reduced to 600lx, and the temperature is 20 ℃.
Regulating and controlling chemical factors: before growing ganoderma pileus lignification, 1000 times of phytoncin is coated at intervals on the edge of the pileus.
Regulating and controlling air factors: increasing carbon dioxide concentration in the Ganoderma culture chamber to 1200ppm, and growing Ganoderma stem again at the edge of Ganoderma pileus coated with phytoncide.
(2) Making palm-shaped glossy ganoderma potted landscape
Shaping: and (3) after the newly grown ganoderma stems at the edges of the pileus reach about 10cm, restoring the high-light culture of the ganoderma until the ganoderma sporophores are completely changed into purple brown (ganoderma).
Secondly, manufacturing the bonsai: loosening the Ganoderma bag, placing the palm-shaped Ganoderma bag culture medium into the cleaned and sterilized flowerpot, adding sandstone and vegetation, and finishing the manufacture of palm-shaped Ganoderma bonsai.
Example 5
A preparation method of a palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai comprises the following steps:
1. ganoderma lucidum cultivation
(1) Method for preparing glossy ganoderma fungus bag
The culture medium of the fungus bag comprises the following ingredients in proportion: 90% of momordica grosvenori residues, 6% of corn flour, 2% of brown sugar and 2% of gypsum powder.
② a preparation method of the culture medium: soaking fructus Siraitiae Grosvenorii residue in clear water overnight, adding corn flour, brown sugar, Gypsum Fibrosum powder and small amount of clear water, and stirring; the obtained culture medium had a water content of 70% and a pH of 7.
③ sterilizing and inoculating the fungus bags: putting the culture medium into 17cm × 33cm polypropylene plastic bags, wherein each bag is 500g in wet weight, fastening the bag openings, and sterilizing for 2h at 121 ℃; after natural cooling, inoculating on a clean bench.
(2) Management of fruiting bodies
Culturing in a dark room: culturing the inoculated Ganoderma bag in dark room at 20 deg.C with humidity of 60% and carbon dioxide concentration of 200ppm for 10 days until the mycelium is covered with the whole bag.
② low light culture: the illumination intensity is controlled to be 400lx, the temperature is 25 ℃, the humidity is 70 percent, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is 800ppm until the ganoderma lucidum grows out of stipe.
③ highlight culture: the illumination intensity is controlled to be 3000-.
2. Preparation of palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai
(1) Palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum molding
Regulating and controlling light factors and temperature factors: the illumination intensity in the ganoderma lucidum culture chamber is reduced to 200lx, and the temperature is 20 ℃.
Regulating and controlling chemical factors: before growing ganoderma pileus lignification, 600 times of phytoncin is coated at intervals on the edge of the pileus.
Regulating and controlling air factors: increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the ganoderma lucidum culture room to 800ppm until the ganoderma lucidum stems grow out again from the edge of the ganoderma lucidum pileus coated with phytoalexin.
(2) Making palm-shaped glossy ganoderma potted landscape
Shaping: and (3) after the newly grown ganoderma stems at the edges of the pileus reach about 10cm, restoring the high-light culture of the ganoderma until the ganoderma sporophores are completely changed into purple brown (ganoderma).
Secondly, manufacturing the bonsai: loosening the Ganoderma bag, placing the palm-shaped Ganoderma bag culture medium into the cleaned and sterilized flowerpot, adding sandstone and vegetation, and finishing the manufacture of palm-shaped Ganoderma bonsai.
Comparative example 1
In this comparative example, a method for preparing a palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai was provided, wherein the illumination intensity in the step of shaping palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum was changed to 700lx, and the other steps were the same as in example 2.
Comparative example 2
In this comparative example, a method for preparing a palm-shaped Ganoderma lucidum bonsai was provided, in which the temperature in the palm-shaped Ganoderma lucidum molding step was changed to 30 deg.C, and the other steps were the same as in example 2.
Comparative example 3
In the comparative example, a preparation method of a palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai is provided, wherein the interval coating of phytoncin on the edges of pileus in the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum molding step is changed to 2000 times, and other steps are the same as those in the example 2.
Comparative example 4
In the comparative example, a preparation method of palm-shaped Ganoderma lucidum bonsai is provided, wherein CO is added in the step of shaping the palm-shaped Ganoderma lucidum2The concentration was changed to 2000ppm and the other steps were the same as in example 2.
Experimental example 1
For ease of comparison, the process lists for each example and each comparative example are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The palm-shaped Ganoderma bonsai of each example and each comparative example was observed and evaluated as shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
| Group of | Fungus bag forming time/day | Appearance of hyphae | Pileus thickness/cm | Moulding effect |
| Example 1 | 15 | Sparse, regular and white | 0.52±0.03 | Is preferably used |
| Example 2 | 12 | Dense, relatively tidy and white | 0.74±0.02 | Good taste |
| Example 3 | 10 | Dense, neat and white | 0.85±0.04 | Good taste |
| Example 4 | 12 | Dense, neat and white | 1.1±0.03 | Good taste |
| Example 5 | 10 | Dense, neat and white | 0.95±0.01 | Good taste |
| Comparative example 1 | 12 | Dense, relatively tidy and white | 0.72±0.03 | Is preferably used |
| Comparative example 2 | 12 | Dense, relatively tidy and white | 0.76±0.04 | Is poor |
| Comparative example 3 | 12 | Dense, relatively tidy and white | 0.7±0.02 | Is poor |
| Comparative example 4 | 12 | Dense, relatively tidy and white | 0.66±0.03 | Good taste |
Note: the modeling effect in the table is as follows according to the good to bad degree: good, better, worse, bad.
From the data in table 2, it can be seen that:
in the comparative example 1, the illumination intensity in the modeling step of the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum is 700lx, which is not in the range of 200-600 lx in the embodiment of the invention, and the defect that the pileus can continue to grow, so that the new stipe is not at the edge of the pileus exists;
in the comparative example 2, the temperature in the modeling step of the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum is 30 ℃, which is not within the range of 15-25 ℃ in the embodiment of the invention, and the defect of slow growth of the new stipe exists;
in the comparative example 3, the amount of phytoncide coated on the edge of the pileus in the modeling step of the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum is 2000 times, which is not within the range of 300-1000 times in the embodiment of the invention, and the defect of slow growth of the new stipe exists;
comparative example 4 CO in the palm-shaped Ganoderma lucidum Molding step2The concentration is 2000ppm, which is not in the range of 600ppm to 1500ppm in the embodiment of the invention, and CO exists in the ganoderma lucidum greenhouse2The concentration is too high, and workers have difficulty in breathing after entering the device and are difficult to operate;
the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsais of examples 1-5 are living ganoderma lucidum bonsais, contain vitality, and have natural and beautiful appearance and verve charm;
in summary, palm modeling of ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies can be realized by jointly adjusting and controlling a light factor (the illumination intensity is 200-600 lx), a temperature factor (the temperature is 15-25 ℃), a chemical factor (300-1000 times of phytoncin is coated on the edge part of a pileus of ganoderma lucidum before the pileus is lignified) and an air factor (the carbon dioxide concentration is increased to 600-1500 ppm), and any parameter is out of the range of the embodiment of the invention, so that the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai cannot be successfully prepared.
Finally, it should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the equivalent technology of the claims of the present invention, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining a fungus bag culture medium;
filling the fungus bag culture medium into a fungus bag, sterilizing, and inoculating a ganoderma lucidum mother seed to obtain a ganoderma lucidum fungus bag;
performing darkroom culture, low-light culture and high-light culture on the ganoderma lucidum fungus bags in sequence until ganoderma lucidum is differentiated to grow pileus, and obtaining ganoderma lucidum;
culturing the ganoderma lucidum at the illumination intensity of 200-600 lx and the temperature of 15-25 ℃, and then before the pileus of the ganoderma lucidum is lignified, coating 300-1000 times of phytoncin on the edge part of the pileus, and simultaneously increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide to 600-1500 ppm until ganoderma lucidum stems grow on the edge part of the pileus to obtain palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum;
after the ganoderma lucidum stems growing at the edge of the pileus reach 9-11 cm, performing highlight culture on the palm ganoderma lucidum again until the palm ganoderma lucidum is completely changed into red brown ganoderma lucidum or purple brown ganoderma lucidum;
and removing the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum and the fungus bag culture medium together, and filling the fungus bag into a flowerpot after cleaning and sterilization to obtain the palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai.
2. The palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai according to claim 1, wherein the water content of the fungus bag culture medium is 60-80%, and the pH value is 5-8; the preparation raw materials of the fungus bag culture medium comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 80-90% of momordica grosvenori residues, 5-15% of corn flour, 2-6% of brown sugar and 1-5% of gypsum powder.
3. The palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai of claim 2, wherein the obtaining of the fungi bag culture medium comprises:
soaking 80-90% of momordica grosvenori pomace in clear water in percentage by mass, adding 5-15% of corn flour, 2-6% of brown sugar, 1-5% of gypsum powder and clear water, and uniformly mixing, wherein the adding amount of the clear water is 60-80% of water content, so as to obtain the fungus bag culture medium.
4. The palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai of claim 1, wherein the darkroom cultivation comprises: culturing for 10-15 days in a dark room with the temperature of 20-30 ℃, the humidity of 60-80% and the carbon dioxide concentration of 200-600 ppm until the mycelium is covered with the ganoderma lucidum fungus bag.
5. The palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai of claim 1, wherein the low light cultivation comprises: and controlling the illumination intensity to be 200-600 lx, the temperature to be 20-30 ℃, the humidity to be 60-80% and the carbon dioxide concentration to be 600-800 ppm until the ganoderma lucidum grows out stipe.
6. The palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai of claim 1, wherein each of the high light cultures comprises: the illumination intensity is controlled to be 3000-5000lx, the temperature is controlled to be 20-30 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 60-90%, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is controlled to be 200-600 ppm.
7. The palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai according to claim 6, wherein the control light intensity in the highlight culture is 3000-5000lx, and specifically comprises:
7:00 to 19:00, the illumination intensity is controlled to be 4000 to 5000lx,
19: 00-7: 00 of the next day, and controlling the illumination intensity to be 3000-4000 lx.
8. The palm-shaped ganoderma lucidum bonsai of claim 1, wherein sand and vegetation are added to the flowerpot.
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