CN105379556A - Industrial pleurotus erygii cultivation method adopting temperature-controlled fruiting management technique - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an industrial pleurotus erygii cultivation method adopting a temperature-controlled fruiting management technique. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: material-loading, sterilizing, cooling, inoculating, culturing, fruiting, harvesting and packaging; the fruiting management comprises the managements of the following stages: a stage of primordium formation promotion, a stage of mushroom bud formation, a stage of elongation and a stage of maturation; the temperature of the stage of primordium formation promotion is controlled at 15-18 DEG C; the temperature of the stage of mushroom bud formation is controlled at 14-17 DEG C; the temperature of the stage of elongation is controlled at 13-16 DEG C; and the temperature of the stage of maturation is controlled at 12-15 DEG C. The industrial pleurotus erygii cultivation method adopting the temperature-controlled fruiting management technique designed by the invention is simple in process and greatly improved in labor productivity, product-quality qualification rate and biological conversion rate; the industrial pleurotus erygii cultivation method has the effects of reducing pollution, lowering cost and raising economic performance of the pleurotus erygii cultivation.

Description

A kind of industrialized cultivation method of Pleurotus eryngii using temperature-controlled fruiting management technology

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of edible fungus cultivation, and in particular relates to the technical field of industrial production of Pleurotus eryngii, in particular to a method for industrial cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii using a temperature-controlled fruiting management technology.

Background technique

Pleurotus eryngii is a precious fungus suitable for both medicine and food. Pleurotus eryngii has thick meat, crisp texture and excellent taste. It is one of the 16 rare edible fungi recommended by the World Health Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

The industrialized cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii is a new type of cultivation technology that is rapidly developing in the world. The main differences between the industrialized production of Pleurotus eryngii and the traditional greenhouse seasonal production are: 1. High efficiency: from the construction of the mushroom house to the equipment The configuration is basically designed according to high standards, using mechanized operation, and some of them have adopted automatic control; greatly improving labor efficiency and reducing labor intensity; 2. Annual production: factory production adopts manual control of the growth of Pleurotus eryngii. Temperature, humidity, light, so that it is not affected by external seasonal changes; 3. Large land utilization rate: factory production adopts three-dimensional cultivation, which greatly improves the utilization rate of unit area; the rapid development in my country is only a few short Years, despite continuous improvement in recent years, there are still problems such as long production cycle, many manual operations, and poor efficiency.

Although the industrial cultivation technology of Pleurotus eryngii is still in its infancy in my country, it represents the future development direction of edible fungi of Pleurotus eryngii; research and development is carried out towards the industrial cultivation technology of Pleurotus eryngii with the following characteristics: using modern engineering technology and advanced Facilities, equipment, artificial setting, automatic control of the environment suitable for the growth and development of Pleurotus eryngii edible fungus such as temperature, humidity, light, nitrogen dioxide concentration, mechanized operation of mixing, bagging, inoculation and other production processes to make the production process streamlined , production technology standardization, product quality balance, fresh mushroom production per year, thereby greatly improving labor productivity, product quality pass rate and biological conversion rate, reducing pollution, reducing costs, and further improving the economic benefits of Pleurotus eryngii edible fungus cultivation .

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for industrialized cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii using temperature-controlled fruiting management technology. The method can make the cultivation process flow, production technology standardization, and product Balanced quality, annual production of Pleurotus eryngii, greatly improve labor productivity, product quality pass rate and biological conversion rate, reduce pollution, reduce costs, and further improve the economic benefits of Pleurotus eryngii cultivation.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention provides a kind of Pleurotus eryngii industrial cultivation method, comprising the following steps:

Step (1): Select the mixed compost, add water and stir to pre-wet, control the water content of the pre-wet mixed compost to be 65%-67%, and the pH to be 7-9;

When the water content of the mixed culture material is controlled at 64%-66%, the mycelia of the subsequent inoculated strains will grow the fastest, thick white, and vigorous; the pH of the culture material will directly affect the mycelium cells of Pleurotus eryngii metabolism and the completion of the whole life cycle, the present invention controls the pH of the mixed culture material under such a suitable growth environment of 6-7, avoiding the bad growth of Pleurotus eryngii mycelium because of the excessively high and low pH, especially in relatively Under high pH, the mycelium of Pleurotus eryngii is obviously inhibited;

Step (2): Pack the mixed culture material in step (1) into a bag to make a cultivation bag, punch a hole in the cultivation bag and insert a plastic rod into the hole to ensure that the reserved hole is not blocked, and use a bell mouth plastic sleeve Tighten the opening of the cultivation bag with the ring and plug the mushroom cap;

Step (3): Carry out vacuum autoclaving treatment on the cultivation bag in step (2), and undergo cooling process after sterilization;

Among them, the vacuum high-pressure sterilization treatment is as follows: firstly, vacuum the sterilized environment of the cultivation bag to 0.055 MPa, then use steam to raise the temperature of the sterilized environment to 100°C and keep it for 30 minutes, and then use steam to raise the temperature of the sterilized environment to 110°C. ℃ and keep it for 20 minutes, and finally use steam to raise the temperature of the sterilization environment to 120 ℃ and keep it for 3 hours and 20 minutes for sterilization. After sterilization, reduce the vacuum degree of the sterilization environment to 0 MPa and take out the cultivation bag;

The specific cooling process is as follows: first move the sterilized cultivation bag to the pre-sterilized first cooling room for natural cooling, and after the temperature drops to no more than 40°C, move it to the second cooling room and use a refrigerator for forced cooling. Cool to no more than 25°C;

The sterilization of the present invention adopts a vacuum-pumped high-pressure automatic sterilizer. This sterilizer is very convenient to use, has a good sterilization effect, and has a large sterilization capacity. Each sterilizer can hold more than 10,000 bags of cultivation bags. The area utilization rate is high. After the bacteria are packaged, they must be sterilized in time, because the nutrients in the bacteria package are relatively rich. If they are not sterilized in time, a large number of harmful microorganisms in the bacteria package will multiply over time, resulting in internal nutrient destruction.

Step (4): Use the air purification line to inoculate the liquid bacteria into the cultivation bag after cooling in step (3), and remove the plastic rod inserted into the cultivation bag when inoculating;

The inoculation of the present invention adopts air purification assembly line inoculation, and this inoculation method has the advantages of fast inoculation speed, high efficiency and low chance of bacterial infection compared with traditional inoculation box inoculation;

Step (5): Send the inoculated cultivation bag to a cultivation room with a temperature of 24°C and a relative air humidity of no more than 70%, cultivate for 28-32 days and keep the cultivation chamber in a dark state. Pleurotus eryngii hyphae grow in the dark grow well under the conditions;

Pleurotus eryngii belongs to temperature-variable fruiting fungi, and mycelium can grow in the range of 6-32°C, and stops growing below 4°C and above 36°C, and the optimum temperature is 20-28°C. The temperature of the cultivation room is controlled at 24°C in the present invention. ℃, the growth rate of mycelia was significantly accelerated;

Step (6): Move the cultivation bag cultivated in step (5) into the fruiting room and remove the mushroom cap and bell mouth plastic collar on the cultivation bag, and manage the fruiting for 17-19 days. Increase the diffuse light of 500-1000lx in the culture room in 9-10 days;

The fruiting management of the cultivation bag in the fruiting room is divided into the period of promoting the formation of primordia, the period of mushroom bud formation, the period of elongation and the management of maturity; among them, the method of promoting the formation of primordia uses the method of adding water to the ground to maintain the humidity of the fruiting room at 90 %-95%, the control temperature is 15-18℃;

During the bud formation period, maintain the carbon dioxide concentration in the fruiting room at 0.3-0.5%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 90%-95%, control the temperature at 14-17°C, and manually thin the buds, and cut off the inferior mushrooms with a knife. Leave 1-3 mushroom buds in each bag of cultivation bag;

During the extension period, maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide in the fruiting room at 0.4-0.6%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 90%-95%, and control the temperature at 13-16°C;

During the mature stage, maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide in the fruiting room at 0.4-0.6%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 90%-95%, and control the temperature at 12-15°C;

Pleurotus eryngii has obvious phototaxis, and the hyphae of Pleurotus eryngii grow well in dark conditions, but the diffuse light of 500-1000lx is appropriately increased in the later stage, which is conducive to the occurrence of fruiting bodies; The vegetative growth of Pleurotus eryngii is transferred to the reproductive growth and there must be a cooling stimulation process, the temperature control of the fruiting room of the present invention can meet the prerequisite of "needing a temperature difference stimulation process" for Pleurotus eryngii mycelium from the vegetative stage to the reproductive stage;

As we all know, the temperature range of Pleurotus eryngii mycelium growth is 22-27°C, the optimum temperature is about 25°C, and the mycelium growth is poor when it is higher than 30°C; Pleurotus eryngii is a constant temperature and firm mushroom, and the temperature difference is too large. Unfavorable for the occurrence of primordia, the fruiting temperature is 10-18°C, the optimum temperature is 12-16°C, no primordium will appear if the temperature is lower than 8°C, deformed mushrooms will easily appear if the temperature is higher than 20°C, and diseases will also occur, causing dead mushrooms , Rotten mushrooms; the growth temperature of the fruiting body is 10-21°C, and the optimum temperature is 10-18°C;

The temperature-controlled mushroom fruiting technology designed in the present invention controls different temperature environments in the period of promoting the formation of primordia, the period of mushroom bud formation, the period of elongation and the period of maturity, First of all, to prevent Pleurotus eryngii from growing too fast during the growth process, the nutrients in the compost cannot be transported to the direction of the mushroom cap in time, thus greatly reducing the quality of Pleurotus eryngii and avoiding deformed mushrooms, diseases, dead mushrooms, and rotten mushrooms situation occurs; : Promote the gradual decrease of the temperature in the primordium formation period, mushroom bud formation period, elongation period and maturity period, the temperature difference during the cooling process continuously stimulates the mycelium of Pleurotus eryngii, promotes the kink of the mycelium of Pleurotus eryngii, and greatly consolidates the nutritional foundation , the output quality is greatly improved.

Step (7): Harvesting and packaging the Pleurotus eryngii mushrooms that have been managed in step (6).

The aforementioned Pleurotus eryngii factory cultivation method using the temperature-controlled fruiting management technology, the mixed compost in step (1) includes the following components by mass percentage before pre-wetting: poplar sawdust 7%, miscellaneous tree bark 8% %, corn cob 36%, bagasse 15%, bran 20%, corn flour 5%, soybean meal 5%, calcium carbonate 2%, lime 2%, the pre-wet mixing operation is as follows:

Use a pre-wet mixer to stir the mixed culture material for 5 minutes, control the amount of water added as needed, and then stir for at least 15 minutes to prepare the mixed culture material;

The mixed compost in the present invention comprises the following components by mass percentage: 7% poplar sawdust, 8% miscellaneous tree bark, 36% corn cob, 15% bagasse, 20% bran, 5% corn flour, soybean meal 5%, calcium carbonate 2%, lime 2%, among them, poplar sawdust, miscellaneous wood bark, corn cob, bagasse, soybean meal, calcium carbonate, lime as carbon source, bran and corn flour as nitrogen source, so Pleurotus eryngii strain after artificial domestication is an edible fungus with strong ability to decompose lignin and cellulose. It needs a higher nitrogen source. The higher the nitrogen content, the higher the mycelium density, the better the yield and quality , but will delay fruiting, the present invention controls the amount of nitrogen source within 30% to a suitable amount, which is beneficial to the rapid growth of Pleurotus eryngii;

Miscellaneous wood bark and poplar sawdust among the present invention: High nutritional value and good water absorption performance. Since Pleurotus eryngii mainly relies on water to transport nutrients upward during the growth process, especially in the case of no water deposition, it has excellent water holding capacity compared with the existing mixed culture materials. 7% poplar sawdust and 8% miscellaneous tree bark can effectively increase the yield of Pleurotus eryngii by 25%-30%;

At the same time, due to the excellent water absorption performance of miscellaneous tree bark and poplar sawdust, when making mixed culture materials, compared with the prior art, the same quality culture bacteria package reduces the amount of dry materials in the mixed culture materials, effectively The cost is reduced, and the production cost is reduced by 8-12% compared with the prior art.

In the present invention, a pre-wet mixer is used to stir the compost to make the components of the compost more uniform. At the same time, the microcomputer time controller, solenoid valve and pressurized water pump are used to control the amount of water added to make the humidity of each compost Can achieve basically the same, to achieve the required humidity; using this mechanized mixing material compared with the traditional water tank soaking raw materials greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers, improves work efficiency, and streamlines the entire production process. Production technology standardization, product quality balance.

In the aforementioned Pleurotus eryngii factory cultivation method using the temperature-controlled fruiting management technology, in step (2), a polypropylene bag of 18cm×35cm×0.005cm is used to pack the bag through a punching bagging machine, and each bag is controlled. 1200-1300g of mixed compost in the polypropylene bag, and the time from the end of pre-wet mixing in step (1) to the completion of packaging should not exceed 2 hours;

In the present invention, polypropylene bags are used to package culture materials. Polypropylene bags are heat-resistant, corrosion-resistant, can be steam sterilized, and are light and transparent. It is better to observe the cultivation process of Pleurotus eryngii, and continuous mechanical packaging is carried out by using a stamping bagging machine. , automatic packaging, high efficiency and also ensures the consistency of cultivation package quality;

In step (1), the time from the end of pre-wet mixing to the completion of packaging should be controlled within 2 hours, because in a dry state, the microorganisms attached to the surface of the raw material particles are in a dormant state. Once water is absorbed, the bacteria will immediately increase in geometric progression , The metabolic process continuously releases energy, which also increases the temperature of the compost, resulting in a greater increase in the value of the bacteria, resulting in the rancidity of the compost, and it will be bagged as soon as the stirring is completed, and the packaging will be completed in a short time.

In the aforementioned Pleurotus eryngii factory cultivation method using temperature-controlled fruiting management technology, in step (6), the cultivation bag is carried out in the fruiting room for fruiting management, which is divided into the period of promoting primordium formation, the period of mushroom bud formation, and the period of elongation. And mature stage management; Among them, the method of adding water to the ground is used to maintain the humidity of the fruiting room at 95% during the stage of promoting primordia formation, and the control temperature is 16°C;

During the mushroom bud formation period, maintain the carbon dioxide concentration in the fruiting room at 0.3-0.5%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 93%, control the temperature at 15°C, and carry out artificial bud thinning, cut off the inferior mushrooms with a knife, and keep them in each bag for cultivation 1-3 mushroom buds;

During the extension period, maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide in the fruiting room at 0.4-0.6%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 92%, and control the temperature at 14°C;

During the mature stage, maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide in the fruiting room at 0.4-0.6%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 90%, and control the temperature at 13°C.

In the aforementioned Pleurotus eryngii factory cultivation method using the temperature-controlled fruiting management technology, in step (6), the cultivation bag in the fruiting room increases diffuse light when the fruiting management is carried out, and the light is 8-10 hours per day.

In the present invention, the method of adding water to the ground is used to maintain the humidity of the mushroom room during the period of promoting the formation of the original base, so as to prevent the material surface from dehydration after the opening of the cultivation bag is opened, and the original base is difficult to form; during the formation period of the mushroom buds, the buds are artificially thinned to control the mushroom buds. Quantity makes the nutrient supply scattered, the proportion of commercial Pleurotus eryngii is reduced, and the quality of commercial Pleurotus eryngii is improved; a certain concentration of carbon dioxide is maintained in the mushroom bud formation stage and the mature stage, which promotes the sound field velocity of Pleurotus eryngii and makes the mushroom stalk The upper and lower thickness are uniform, and high-quality commercial Pleurotus eryngii can be obtained. In addition, the carbon dioxide in the mature stage is maintained at 0.4-0.6%, and the Pleurotus eryngii will gradually elongate. When the concentration of carbon dioxide exceeds 0.7%, there will be no Cap mushrooms lose their commodity value.

In the aforesaid Pleurotus eryngii factory cultivation method adopting the temperature-controlled type fruiting management technology, in the step (7), when the Pleurotus eryngii cap is smooth and the spores have not yet been ejected, they are harvested, and disposable gloves are put on when adopting to reduce the The fingerprints on the mushroom body affect the appearance of the product. The industrial Pleurotus eryngii is only harvested once, and the harvested amount is 80-95% of the total output of the entire compost. The harvesting cycle is controlled at 17-20 days. Thoroughly clean and disinfect the fruiting room in time, and ventilate for 1-2 days before use; when packaging, use a stainless steel knife to cut off the culture medium attached to the base of the harvested Pleurotus eryngii, and place it in a cold storage at 2-5°C to cool down 4 hours, then packed in a fresh-keeping bag;

When the present invention harvests, the mushroom cap of Pleurotus eryngii is flat and the spores have not yet been ejected. No economic benefit.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The Pleurotus eryngii industrial cultivation method adopting the temperature-controlled type fruiting management technology in the present invention utilizes modern engineering technology and advanced equipment to artificially set and automatically control the temperature, humidity, light and nitrogen dioxide concentration of Pleurotus eryngii growth and development and other environments, mechanized production processes such as mixing materials, bagging, and inoculation, so that the production process is streamlined, the production technology is standardized, the product quality is balanced, and the production of Pleurotus eryngii is annualized, which greatly improves labor productivity, product quality pass rate and biological quality. Improve the chemical conversion rate, reduce pollution, reduce costs, and further improve the economic benefits of Pleurotus eryngii cultivation, so that the quality of Pleurotus eryngii is stable, the product quality is high, and it is not affected by natural conditions. The production process is simple and suitable for large-scale industrial production; In the invention, the harvest amount of a single pleurotus eryngii in each bag can reach 450g-500g, and its biological efficiency has reached 95-98%, which greatly improves the output.

detailed description

Example 1

A kind of Pleurotus eryngii industrial cultivation method that adopts the temperature-controlled type fruiting management technology that present embodiment provides, comprises the following steps:

Step (1): Select the mixed compost, add water and stir to pre-wet, control the water content of the pre-wet mixed compost to be 65%, and the pH to be 7; the mixed compost contains the following components according to mass percentage before pre-wetting: poplar 7% sawdust, 8% miscellaneous wood bark, 36% corn cob, 15% bagasse, 20% bran, 5% corn flour, 5% soybean meal, 2% calcium carbonate, 2% lime, and its pre-wet mixing operation Specifically:

Use a pre-wet mixer to stir the mixed culture material for 5 minutes, control the amount of water added as needed, and then stir for at least 15 minutes to prepare the mixed culture material;

Step (2): Pack the mixed culture material in step (1) into a bag to make a cultivation bag, punch a hole in the cultivation bag and insert a plastic rod into the hole to ensure that the reserved hole is not blocked, and use a bell mouth plastic sleeve Tighten the opening of the cultivation bag with a ring and plug the mushroom cap; in step (2), use a polypropylene bag of 18cm×35cm×0.005cm to pack it with a punching bagging machine, and control the content of each polypropylene bag to be 1200-1300g For the mixed compost, the time from the end of the pre-wet mixing in step (1) to the completion of packaging should not exceed 2 hours;

Step (3): Carry out vacuum autoclaving treatment on the cultivation bag in step (2), and undergo cooling process after sterilization;

Step (4): Use the air purification line to inoculate the liquid bacteria into the cultivation bag after cooling in step (3), and remove the plastic rod inserted into the cultivation bag when inoculating;

Step (5): Send the inoculated cultivation bag to a cultivation room with a temperature of 24°C and a relative air humidity of no more than 70%, cultivate for 28-32 days and keep the cultivation chamber in a dark state. Pleurotus eryngii hyphae grow in the dark grow well under the conditions;

Step (6): Move the cultivation bags cultivated in step (5) into the fruiting room and pull out the caps and bell-mouth plastic collars on the cultivation bags. The mushrooms will be managed for 17 days, and the first 9 days of fruiting management Increase the diffuse light of 650lx in the cultivation room, and illuminate for 8 hours every day;

The fruiting management of the cultivation bag in the fruiting room is divided into the period of promoting the formation of primordia, the period of mushroom bud formation, the period of elongation and the management of maturity; among them, the method of promoting the formation of primordia uses the method of adding water to the ground to maintain the humidity of the fruiting room at 95 %, the control temperature is 18°C;

During the mushroom bud formation period, maintain the carbon dioxide concentration in the fruiting room at 0.3-0.5%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 95%, control the temperature at 17°C, and carry out artificial bud thinning, cut off the inferior mushrooms with a knife, and keep each bag for cultivation 3 mushroom buds;

During the elongation period, maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide in the fruiting room at 0.4-0.6%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 90%, and control the temperature at 16°C;

During the mature stage, maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide in the fruiting room at 0.4-0.6%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 90%, and control the temperature at 15°C;

Step (7): Harvesting and packaging the Pleurotus eryngii mushrooms that have been managed in step (6).

Example 2

A kind of Pleurotus eryngii industrial cultivation method that adopts the temperature-controlled type fruiting management technology that present embodiment provides, comprises the following steps:

Step (1): Select the mixed compost, add water and stir to pre-wet, control the water content of the pre-wet mixed compost to be 67%, and the pH to be 9; the mixed compost contains the following components according to mass percentage before pre-wetting: poplar 7% sawdust, 8% miscellaneous wood bark, 36% corn cob, 15% bagasse, 20% bran, 5% corn flour, 5% soybean meal, 2% calcium carbonate, 2% lime, and its pre-wet mixing operation Specifically:

Use a pre-wet mixer to stir the mixed culture material for 5 minutes, control the amount of water added as needed, and then stir for at least 15 minutes to prepare the mixed culture material;

Step (2): Pack the mixed culture material in step (1) into a bag to make a cultivation bag, punch a hole in the cultivation bag and insert a plastic rod into the hole to ensure that the reserved hole is not blocked, and use a bell mouth plastic sleeve Tighten the opening of the cultivation bag with a ring and plug the mushroom cap; in step (2), use a polypropylene bag of 18cm×35cm×0.005cm to pack it with a punching bagging machine, and control the content of each polypropylene bag to be 1200-1300g For the mixed compost, the time from the end of the pre-wet mixing in step (1) to the completion of packaging should not exceed 2 hours;

Step (3): Carry out vacuum autoclaving treatment on the cultivation bag in step (2), and undergo cooling process after sterilization;

Step (4): Use the air purification line to inoculate the liquid bacteria into the cultivation bag after cooling in step (3), and remove the plastic rod inserted into the cultivation bag when inoculating;

Step (5): Send the inoculated cultivation bag to a cultivation room with a temperature of 24°C and a relative air humidity of no more than 70%, cultivate for 28-32 days and keep the cultivation chamber in a dark state. Pleurotus eryngii hyphae grow in the dark grow well under the conditions;

Step (6): Move the cultivation bags cultivated in step (5) into the fruiting room and remove the caps and bell-mouth plastic collars on the cultivation bags, and manage the mushrooms for 19 days, and in the first 10 days of the fruiting management Increase the diffuse light of 750lx in the cultivation room, and illuminate for 10h every day;

The fruiting management of the cultivation bag in the fruiting room is divided into the period of promoting the formation of primordia, the period of mushroom bud formation, the period of elongation and the management of maturity; among them, the method of promoting the formation of primordia uses the method of adding water to the ground to maintain the humidity of the fruiting room at 95 %, the control temperature is 16°C;

During the mushroom bud formation period, maintain the carbon dioxide concentration in the fruiting room at 0.3-0.5%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 93%, control the temperature at 15°C, and carry out artificial bud thinning, cut off the inferior mushrooms with a knife, and keep them in each bag for cultivation 1-3 mushroom buds;

During the extension period, maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide in the fruiting room at 0.4-0.6%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 92%, and control the temperature at 14°C;

During the mature stage, maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide in the fruiting room at 0.4-0.6%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 90%, and control the temperature at 13°C;

Step (7): Harvesting and packaging the Pleurotus eryngii mushrooms that have been managed in step (6).

Example 3

A kind of Pleurotus eryngii industrial cultivation method that adopts the temperature-controlled type fruiting management technology that present embodiment provides, comprises the following steps:

Step (1): Select the mixed compost, add water and stir to pre-wet, control the water content of the pre-wet mixed compost to be 66%, and the pH to be 8; the mixed compost contains the following components according to mass percentage before pre-wetting: poplar 7% sawdust, 8% miscellaneous wood bark, 36% corn cob, 15% bagasse, 20% bran, 5% corn flour, 5% soybean meal, 2% calcium carbonate, 2% lime, and its pre-wet mixing operation Specifically:

Use a pre-wet mixer to stir the mixed culture material for 5 minutes, control the amount of water added as needed, and then stir for at least 15 minutes to prepare the mixed culture material;

Step (2): Pack the mixed culture material in step (1) into a bag to make a cultivation bag, punch a hole in the cultivation bag and insert a plastic rod into the hole to ensure that the reserved hole is not blocked, and use a bell mouth plastic sleeve Tighten the opening of the cultivation bag with a ring and plug the mushroom cap; in step (2), use a polypropylene bag of 18cm×35cm×0.005cm to pack it with a punching bagging machine, and control the content of each polypropylene bag to be 1200-1300g For the mixed compost, the time from the end of the pre-wet mixing in step (1) to the completion of packaging should not exceed 2 hours;

Step (3): Carry out vacuum autoclaving treatment on the cultivation bag in step (2), and undergo cooling process after sterilization;

Step (4): Use the air purification line to inoculate the liquid bacteria into the cultivation bag after cooling in step (3), and remove the plastic rod inserted into the cultivation bag when inoculating;

Step (5): Send the inoculated cultivation bag to a cultivation room with a temperature of 24°C and a relative air humidity of no more than 70%, cultivate for 28-32 days and keep the cultivation chamber in a dark state. Pleurotus eryngii hyphae grow in the dark grow well under the conditions;

Step (6): Move the cultivation bag cultivated in step (5) into the fruiting room and remove the mushroom cap and bell mouth plastic collar on the cultivation bag, and manage the fruiting for 18 days, and in the first 10 days of the fruiting management Increase the diffuse light of 800lx in the cultivation room, and illuminate for 9 hours every day;

The fruiting management of the cultivation bag in the fruiting room is divided into the period of promoting the formation of primordia, the period of mushroom bud formation, the period of elongation and the management of maturity; among them, the method of promoting the formation of primordia uses the method of adding water to the ground to maintain the humidity of the fruiting room at 95 %, the control temperature is 16°C;

During the mushroom bud formation period, maintain the carbon dioxide concentration in the fruiting room at 0.3-0.5%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 93%, control the temperature at 15°C, and carry out artificial bud thinning, cut off the inferior mushrooms with a knife, and keep them in each bag for cultivation 1-3 mushroom buds;

During the extension period, maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide in the fruiting room at 0.4-0.6%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 92%, and control the temperature at 14°C;

During the mature stage, maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide in the fruiting room at 0.4-0.6%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 90%, and control the temperature at 13°C;

Step (7): Harvesting and packaging the Pleurotus eryngii mushrooms that have been managed in step (6).

In Examples 1-3, two 8-cubic pre-wet mixers were used when stirring the components in the mixed compost.

Using the industrial cultivation method in the present invention makes the quality of the cultivated Pleurotus eryngii stable, the product quality is high, and is not affected by natural conditions. The temperature, humidity, light, nitrogen dioxide concentration and other environments for the growth and development of oyster mushrooms, mechanized production processes such as mixing, bagging, and inoculation make the production process streamlined, the production technology standardized, and the product quality balanced. The production of Pleurotus eryngii Annualization, greatly improving labor productivity, product quality qualification rate and biological conversion rate, reducing pollution, reducing costs, and further improving the economic benefits of Pleurotus eryngii cultivation.

Except for the above-mentioned embodiments, the present invention can also have other implementation modes, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation all fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of Pleurotus eryngii factory culture method that adopts temperature-controlled formula fruiting management technology, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: Step (1): Select the mixed compost, add water and stir to pre-wet, control the water content of the pre-wet mixed compost to be 65%-67%, and the pH to be 7-9; Step (2): Pack the mixed culture material in step (1) into a bag to make a cultivation bag, punch a hole in the cultivation bag and insert a plastic rod into the hole, use a bell-mouthed plastic collar to tighten the opening of the cultivation bag and close it. plug the mushroom cap; Step (3): Carry out vacuum autoclaving treatment on the cultivation bag in step (2), and undergo cooling process after sterilization; Among them, the vacuum high-pressure sterilization treatment is as follows: firstly, vacuum the sterilized environment of the cultivation bag to 0.055 MPa, then use steam to raise the temperature of the sterilized environment to 100°C and keep it for 30 minutes, and then use steam to raise the temperature of the sterilized environment to 110°C. ℃ and keep it for 20 minutes, and finally use steam to raise the temperature of the sterilization environment to 120 ℃ and keep it for 3 hours and 20 minutes for sterilization. After sterilization, reduce the vacuum degree of the sterilization environment to 0 MPa and take out the cultivation bag; The cooling process specifically includes: first move the sterilized cultivation bag to the pre-sterilized first cooling room for natural cooling, and after the temperature drops to no more than 40°C, move it to the second cooling room and use a refrigerator for forced cooling. Refrigeration, cooling to no more than 25°C; Step (4): Use the air purification line to inoculate the liquid bacteria into the cultivation bag after cooling in step (3), and remove the plastic rod inserted into the cultivation bag when inoculating; Step (5): Send the inoculated cultivation bag to a cultivation room with a temperature of 24°C and a relative air humidity of no more than 70%, cultivate for 28-32 days and keep the cultivation room in a dark state; Step (6): Move the cultivation bag cultivated in step (5) into the fruiting room and remove the mushroom cap and bell mouth plastic collar on the cultivation bag, and manage the fruiting for 17-19 days. Increase the diffuse light of 500-1000lx in the culture room in 9-10 days; The fruiting management of the cultivation bag in the fruiting room is divided into the period of promoting the formation of primordia, the period of mushroom bud formation, the period of elongation and the management of maturity; among them, the method of promoting the formation of primordia uses the method of adding water to the ground to maintain the humidity of the fruiting room at 90 %-95%, the control temperature is 15-18℃; During the mushroom bud formation period, maintain the carbon dioxide concentration in the fruiting room at 0.3-0.5%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 90%-95%, control the temperature at 14-17°C, and manually thin the buds, and cut off the inferior mushrooms with a knife. Leave 1-3 mushroom buds in each bag of cultivation bag; During the extension period, maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide in the fruiting room at 0.4-0.6%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 90%-95%, and control the temperature at 13-16°C; During the mature stage, maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide in the fruiting room at 0.4-0.6%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 90%-95%, and control the temperature at 12-15°C; Step (7): Harvesting and packaging the Pleurotus eryngii mushrooms that have been managed in step (6). 2. The industrial cultivation method of Pleurotus eryngii using temperature-controlled fruiting management technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mixed compost in step (1) includes the following components by mass percentage before pre-wetting: poplar 7% tree sawdust, 8% miscellaneous tree bark, 36% corn cob, 15% bagasse, 20% bran, 5% corn flour, 5% soybean meal, 2% calcium carbonate, 2% lime, pre-wet and stirred The specific operation is: Use a pre-wet mixer to stir the mixed culture material for 5 minutes, then use the microcomputer time controller, solenoid valve and pressurized water pump to control the amount of water added as needed, and then stir for at least 15 minutes to prepare the mixed culture material. 3. The factory cultivation method of Pleurotus eryngii according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in step (2), a polypropylene bag of 18cm × 35cm × 0.005cm is selected for packaging, and each bag of polypropylene bag is controlled. Contain 1200-1300g of mixed culture material inside, and the time from the end of pre-wet mixing in step (1) to the completion of packaging should not exceed 2 hours. 4. The Pleurotus eryngii factory cultivation method adopting temperature-controlled mushroom fruiting management technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (7), the Pleurotus eryngii cap is flat and the spores are not yet ejected. The harvesting cycle is controlled within 17-20 days. After harvesting, thoroughly clean and disinfect the fruiting room in time, and ventilate for 1-2 days before using it; The culture medium should be placed in a cold storage at 2-5°C for 4 hours, and then packed in a fresh-keeping bag. 5. the Pleurotus eryngii industrial cultivation method adopting temperature-controlled type fruiting management technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that: In step (6), the cultivation bag is managed in the fruiting room in the fruiting room, which is divided into the period of promoting primordium formation, the period of mushroom bud formation, the period of elongation and the management of maturity; among them, the period of promoting primordium formation is maintained by adding water to the ground. The humidity in the mushroom room is 95%, and the temperature is controlled at 16°C; During the mushroom bud formation period, maintain the carbon dioxide concentration in the fruiting room at 0.3-0.5%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 93%, control the temperature at 15°C, and carry out artificial bud thinning, cut off the inferior mushrooms with a knife, and keep them in each bag for cultivation 1-3 mushroom buds; During the extension period, maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide in the fruiting room at 0.4-0.6%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 92%, and control the temperature at 14°C; During the mature stage, maintain the concentration of carbon dioxide in the fruiting room at 0.4-0.6%, maintain the humidity in the fruiting room at 90%, and control the temperature at 13°C. 6. The Pleurotus eryngii factory cultivation method using temperature-controlled fruiting management technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (6), when the cultivation bag is placed in the fruiting room for fruiting management, diffuse light is added , light 8-10h every day.