CN109526552A - A kind of sclerotium industrial planting method of hickory chick - Google Patents
A kind of sclerotium industrial planting method of hickory chick Download PDFInfo
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- CN109526552A CN109526552A CN201811607609.XA CN201811607609A CN109526552A CN 109526552 A CN109526552 A CN 109526552A CN 201811607609 A CN201811607609 A CN 201811607609A CN 109526552 A CN109526552 A CN 109526552A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/69—Arrangements for managing the environment, e.g. sprinklers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of sclerotium industrial planting method of hickory chick, comprising: the first step builds workshop, setting tier rack type cultivating facility and temperature and humidity adjustment equipment in workshop；Second step prepares seed bottle or Spawn incubation bag, eutrophy compost, interlayer partition, poor Nutrition Soil, solid or liquid spawn are inoculated in superclean bench, by after inoculation seed bottle or Spawn incubation bag be put into Spawn incubation room and cultivate, can be sowed after sclerotium culture is good；Third step breeding matrix soil is added lime and mixes thoroughly, and filling cultivation bed, temperature sows sclerotium under conditions of being 1~2 DEG C indoors；4th step manages after planting soil moisture control between 45~55%, and using staged cooling；5th step is managed 15~20 days using gradual heating, after former base generation, according to Cultivation condition management to fruiting.Hickory chick robust growth that the present invention cultivates, yield are high, high-quality, picking time concentrates, and are able to achieve the anniversary factory culture for several times a year sowing multiple fruiting.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mushrooms to cultivate field, and in particular to a kind of sclerotium industrial planting method of hickory chick.
Background technique
Hickory chick is global rare rare food (medicine) with bacterium, because it is with unique flavor, nutrition abundant and again
The health-care effect wanted and by the favor of domestic and international high-end consumption market.In recent years, by the unremitting effort of numerous scientific research personnel,
The artificial cultivation technique of hickory chick has been broken and promoting and applying morely at home, but due to by strain quality, cultivation condition
Influence, the yield and quality of hickory chick artificial cultivation are also very unstable, and the fruiting otherness of especially commerial growing is bigger,
Usually there is the not fruiting of large area or fruiting is few, growth is irregular, and the fruiting period is long, low output, and the economic benefit is not high very
It the case where to heavy losses, and being influenced by environmental conditions, can only sow within 1 year primary, produce one batch of mushroom.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to be directed to above-mentioned the problems of the prior art, the sclerotium batch production for providing a kind of hickory chick is planted
Culture method, this method is easy to operation, picking time concentrates, the yield height and high-quality, the hickory chick fruiting trained out of sclerotium
It is early, neat and consistent is grown, growth cycle is short, can be realized and several times a year sows multiple fruiting, remarkable in economical benefits.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention the following steps are included:
The first step, construction workshop, the interior setting tier rack type cultivating facility of workshop and temperature and humidity adjustment equipment；
Second step, sclerotium production；
2-1. prepares material: seed bottle or Spawn incubation bag, eutrophy compost, interlayer partition, poor Nutrition Soil；
2-2. sterilizing and inoculation: eutrophy compost, interlayer partition, poor nutrition are inserted in seed bottle or Spawn incubation bag
Then soil, airtight seal carry out high-temperature sterilization and cooling, solid or liquid spawn are inoculated in superclean bench；
2-3. sclerotium cultivate: by after inoculation seed bottle or Spawn incubation bag be put into Spawn incubation room and cultivate, by 20 DEG C
To 3 DEG C according to staged temp-controled mode culture 40~55 days, can be sowed after sclerotium culture is good；
Third step, sclerotium sowing；
3-1. soil prepare: breeding matrix soil is added lime and mixes thoroughly, filling cultivation bed；
3-2. sows sclerotium under conditions of temperature is 1~2 DEG C indoors；
4th step, after planting soil moisture control are managed between 45~55%, and using staged cooling；
5th step is managed 15~20 days using gradual heating, after former base generation, according to Cultivation condition management to out
Mushroom.
The seed bottle uses 1100mL seed bottle, and Spawn incubation bag uses the Spawn incubation having a size of 18 × 33cm
Bag.
15~20 days of late stage of culture widen day and night temperature to complete sclerotium and cultivate in the step 2-3.
The matrix soil selects paddy soils or did not planted the pollution-free of edible mushroom and included the loam of organic matter, cultivates
Bed filling is with a thickness of 15cm.The eutrophy compost includes wheat, sawdust, husk, soybean powder, lime, gypsum, potassium carbonate
And glucose, eutrophy compost account for the 40% of total measurement (volume) in seed bottle or Spawn incubation bag；In the total of eutrophy compost
In volume, wheat, which accounts for 40%, sawdust and accounts for 45%, husk and account for 10%, soybean powder and account for 1%, lime and account for 1%, gypsum, accounts for 1%, carbonic acid
Potassium accounts for 1%, glucose and accounts for 1%.Poor Nutrition Soil includes the lime that uniformly mixed sandy and stony soil, rice husk and diameter are 2~4mm
Stone；Poor Nutrition Soil accounts for the 40% of total measurement (volume) in seed bottle or Spawn incubation bag, and in the total volume of poor Nutrition Soil, lime stone is accounted for
2%, rice husk accounts for 2%, remaining is sandy and stony soil.Interlayer partition is the cardboard of 1~2mm of thickness, opens 10~15 apertures on cardboard.
The third step sclerotium sowing dosage is 1kg/m2~2kg/m2, after planting 2~3cm of earthing.
The temperature range of 4th step ladder type cooling management is gradually decreased to minimum at 0~-8 DEG C, and the time maintains 30~40
It.
The temperature range of the gradual heating management of 5th step is at -8~8 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following the utility model has the advantages that since hickory chick is suitable in lower temperature, higher
It is grown under humidity and low light condition, under previous natural conditions, only few places can be planted in shorter season
Training, or in certain region using facility appropriate realize artificial cultivation, but hickory chick fruiting produced it is unstable,
Low output, poor reproducibility can only also produce primary for 1 year.The present invention is arranged tier rack type in workshop and is cultivated by construction workshop
Facility and temperature and humidity adjustment equipment are sowed using the sclerotium of hickory chick, since sclerotium is mycelium for storage nutrition and resists not
Good environment and formed, sclerotium cultivation reduces the growth link of mycelia in the soil, and explores during long term growth
The environmental condition and nutritional condition that have gone out suitable hickory chick growth and development, by manually providing required nutrition, in conjunction with after planting
Cryogenic Temperature Swing processing, meets the growth and development demand of hickory chick, and fruiting performance is relatively stable, and the hickory chick growth cultivated is strong
It is strong, yield is high, high-quality, picking time concentration, realize the anniversary factory culture that hickory chick several times a year sows multiple fruiting.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The sclerotium industrial planting method of hickory chick of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
The first step, workshop building；According to hickory chick growth and development characteristic, construction have artificial regulatory room temperature, humidity,
Tier rack type cultivating facility and temperature and humidity adjustment equipment is arranged in the hickory chick standardized production workshop of the environmental conditions such as illumination, ventilation.
Second step, sclerotium production；
A. prepare 1100mL seed bottle, eutrophy compost, interlayer partition, poor Nutrition Soil.
Wherein, eutrophy compost includes wheat, sawdust, husk, soybean powder, lime, gypsum, potassium carbonate and glucose,
Eutrophy compost accounts for the 40% of total measurement (volume) in seed bottle or Spawn incubation bag；In the total volume of eutrophy compost, wheat
Son, which accounts for 40%, sawdust and accounts for 45%, husk and account for 10%, soybean powder and account for 1%, lime and account for 1%, gypsum and account for 1%, potassium carbonate, accounts for 1%, Portugal
Grape sugar accounts for 1%.Interlayer partition uses 1mm millboard, opens 10 apertures on cardboard.Poor Nutrition Soil includes uniformly mixed sandstone
Soil, rice husk and diameter are the lime stone of 2~4mm；Poor Nutrition Soil accounts for the 40% of total measurement (volume) in seed bottle or Spawn incubation bag,
In the total volume of poor Nutrition Soil, lime stone accounts for 2%, and rice husk accounts for 2%, remaining is sandy and stony soil.
B. it bottles, sterilize and is inoculated with.Eutrophy compost, interlayer partition, poor Nutrition Soil are successively filled in bottle, are covered
Gas cylinder lid is placed in high-pressure sterilizing pot after high-temperature sterilization cooling, is inoculated with (solid or liquid spawn) in superclean bench.
C. sclerotium is cultivated.Seed bottle after inoculation is put into Spawn incubation room and is cultivated, presses staged temperature by 20 DEG C to 3 DEG C
Degree control model culture 40 days, 15 days of later period start, and suitably widen day and night temperature.
It can be sowed after sclerotium culture is good.
Third step, sclerotium sowing.
A. bed soil prepares.Breeding paddy soils did not planted the pollution-free of the edible mushrooms such as hickory chick and contained certain organic matter
Loam is added appropriate lime and mixes thoroughly as industrialized cultivation medium soil, filling cultivation bed, thickness 15cm or so.
B. sclerotium is sowed.It is sowed by the way of broadcasting sowing under the conditions of 1 DEG C of temperature indoors.
It is 1kg/m that sclerotium, which sows dosage,2, after planting earthing 2cm.
4th step after planting manages.After planting soil moisture control uses staged cooling pipe between 45~55%
Reason.Staged temperature range is gradually decreased to minimum within 0~-8 DEG C, and the time maintains 30 days.
5th step, management of producing mushroom.It is managed 15 days using gradual heating, temperature management range is -8~8 DEG C.And keep suitable
The ventilation condition of amount carries out normal management according to the Cultivation condition of hickory chick after former base generation.
Embodiment 2
The sclerotium industrial planting method of hickory chick of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
The first step, workshop building；According to hickory chick growth and development characteristic, construction have artificial regulatory room temperature, humidity,
Tier rack type cultivating facility and temperature and humidity adjustment equipment is arranged in the hickory chick standardized production workshop of the environmental conditions such as illumination, ventilation.
Second step, sclerotium production；
A. prepare Spawn incubation bag, eutrophy compost, interlayer partition, the poor Nutrition Soil of 18 × 33cm.
Wherein, eutrophy compost includes wheat, sawdust, husk, soybean powder, lime, gypsum, potassium carbonate and glucose,
Eutrophy compost accounts for the 40% of total measurement (volume) in seed bottle or Spawn incubation bag；In the total volume of eutrophy compost, wheat
Son, which accounts for 40%, sawdust and accounts for 45%, husk and account for 10%, soybean powder and account for 1%, lime and account for 1%, gypsum and account for 1%, potassium carbonate, accounts for 1%, Portugal
Grape sugar accounts for 1%.Interlayer partition uses 1mm millboard, opens 15 apertures on cardboard.Poor Nutrition Soil includes uniformly mixed sandstone
Soil, rice husk and diameter are the lime stone of 2~4mm；Poor Nutrition Soil accounts for the 40% of total measurement (volume) in seed bottle or Spawn incubation bag,
In the total volume of poor Nutrition Soil, lime stone accounts for 2%, and rice husk accounts for 2%, remaining is sandy and stony soil.
B. it packs, sterilize and is inoculated with.Eutrophy compost, interlayer partition, poor Nutrition Soil are successively filled in bag, are covered
Gas cylinder lid is placed in high-pressure sterilizing pot after high-temperature sterilization cooling, is inoculated with (solid or liquid spawn) in superclean bench.
C. sclerotium is cultivated.Seed bottle (bag) after inoculation is put into Spawn incubation room and is cultivated, presses ladder by 20 DEG C to 3 DEG C
The culture of formula temp-controled mode 55 days (because different strains slightly have difference), 20 days of later period suitably widened day and night temperature.
It can be sowed after sclerotium culture is good.
Third step, sclerotium sowing.
A. bed soil prepares.Breeding paddy soils did not planted the pollution-free of the edible mushrooms such as hickory chick and contained certain organic matter
Loam is added appropriate lime and mixes thoroughly as industrialized cultivation medium soil, filling cultivation bed, thickness 15cm or so.
B. sclerotium is sowed.Indoors under the conditions of 2 DEG C of temperature using broadcast sowing or drilling by the way of sow.
It is 2kg/m that sclerotium, which sows dosage,2, after planting earthing 3cm.
4th step after planting manages.After planting soil moisture control uses staged cooling pipe between 45~55%
Reason.Staged temperature range is gradually decreased to minimum within 0~-8 DEG C, and the time maintains 40 days.
5th step, management of producing mushroom.It is managed 20 days using gradual heating, temperature management range is -8~8 DEG C.And keep suitable
The ventilation condition of amount carries out normal management according to the Cultivation condition of hickory chick after former base generation.
Since northern Wind-sandy Area is dry, illumination is strong, the temperature difference is big, winter time is long, temperature is low, and extreme temperature can reach
To -30 DEG C hereinafter, and spring quick heating, summer temp are high, thermal extremes can reach 35 DEG C or more, and rainfall is less, year drop
Water is generally less than 400mm, and usual rainfall is focusing only on 7,8, September part, and thermophilic phase soil and air humidity are small, this nature ring
It is less that border results in wild toadstool distribution, rarely has wild toadstool appearance when having rainfall between month in spring 4-5, hardly possible when arid is without rain
With fruiting, artificial cultivation less can be carried out.Sclerotium industrial planting method of the invention has filled up northern China Wind-sandy Area sheep tripe
The blank of bacterium industrial artificial cultivation, operation is simple for this method, and the hickory chick cultivated has robust growth, produces
Many advantages, such as amount is high, high-quality, picking time concentrates, can be realized and several times a year sow multiple fruiting.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of sclerotium industrial planting method of hickory chick, which comprises the following steps:
The first step, construction workshop, the interior setting tier rack type cultivating facility of workshop and temperature and humidity adjustment equipment；
Second step, sclerotium production；
2-1. prepares material: seed bottle or Spawn incubation bag, eutrophy compost, interlayer partition, poor Nutrition Soil；
2-2. sterilizing and inoculation: inserting eutrophy compost, interlayer partition, poor Nutrition Soil in seed bottle or Spawn incubation bag,
Then airtight seal carries out high-temperature sterilization and cooling, solid or liquid spawn is inoculated in superclean bench；
2-3. sclerotium cultivate: by after inoculation seed bottle or Spawn incubation bag be put into Spawn incubation room and cultivate, by 20 DEG C to 3 DEG C
According to staged temp-controled mode culture 40~55 days, can be sowed after sclerotium culture is good；
Third step, sclerotium sowing；
3-1. soil prepare: breeding matrix soil is added lime and mixes thoroughly, filling cultivation bed；
3-2. sows sclerotium under conditions of temperature is 1~2 DEG C indoors；
4th step, after planting soil moisture control are managed between 45~55%, and using staged cooling；
5th step is managed 15~20 days using gradual heating, after former base generation, according to Cultivation condition management to fruiting.
2. the sclerotium industrial planting method of hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the seed bottle uses
1100mL seed bottle, the Spawn incubation bag use the Spawn incubation bag having a size of 18 × 33cm.
3. the sclerotium industrial planting method of hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step 2-3
15~20 days of late stage of culture widen day and night temperature to complete sclerotium and cultivate.
4. the sclerotium industrial planting method of hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the matrix soil choosing
The pollution-free of edible mushroom and the loam comprising organic matter were not planted with paddy soils or, cultivation bed filling is with a thickness of 15cm.
5. the sclerotium industrial planting method of hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: rich in sclerotium production
Nutrition compost includes wheat, sawdust, husk, soybean powder, lime, gypsum, potassium carbonate and glucose, and eutrophy compost is in bacterium
The 40% of total measurement (volume) is accounted in kind bottle or Spawn incubation bag；In the total volume of eutrophy compost, wheat accounts for 40%, sawdust and accounts for
45%, husk, which accounts for 10%, soybean powder and accounts for 1%, lime and account for 1%, gypsum and account for 1%, potassium carbonate and account for 1%, glucose, accounts for 1%.
6. the sclerotium industrial planting method of hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: used poor Nutrition Soil
The lime stone for being 2~4mm including uniformly mixed sandy and stony soil, rice husk and diameter；Poor Nutrition Soil is in seed bottle or Spawn incubation
The 40% of total measurement (volume) is accounted in bag, in the total volume of poor Nutrition Soil, lime stone accounts for 2%, and rice husk accounts for 2%, remaining is sandy and stony soil.
7. the sclerotium industrial planting method of hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the second step is in bacterium
In core production, used interlayer partition is the cardboard of 1~2mm of thickness, opens 10~15 apertures on cardboard.
8. the sclerotium industrial planting method of hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the third step sclerotium
Sowing dosage is 1kg/m2~2kg/m2, after planting 2~3cm of earthing.
9. the sclerotium industrial planting method of hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the 4th step ladder
The temperature range of formula cooling management is gradually decreased to minimum at 0~-8 DEG C, and the time maintains 30~40 days.
10. the sclerotium industrial planting method of hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the 5th step is gradually
The temperature range managed into formula heating is at -8~8 DEG C.
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| CN110663452A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-01-10 | 郝哲 | Morchella strain preservation method |
| CN111727806A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-10-02 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Rapid germination method for phlebopus portentosus sclerotium |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110122170A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-16 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of method of basket of formula factory culture hickory chick |
| CN110150025A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-23 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of method of bedstead formula factory culture hickory chick |
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