CN104823706A - Factory-like culture method for needle mushrooms - Google Patents
Factory-like culture method for needle mushrooms Download PDFInfo
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- CN104823706A CN104823706A CN201510192679.3A CN201510192679A CN104823706A CN 104823706 A CN104823706 A CN 104823706A CN 201510192679 A CN201510192679 A CN 201510192679A CN 104823706 A CN104823706 A CN 104823706A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a factory-like culture method for needle mushrooms. The culture method comprises following steps of preparation of compost, bottling, sterilization, inoculation and cultivation, scratching and water injection, management of producing mushrooms, harvest and digging bottles. The factory-like culture method for needle mushrooms has following beneficial effects: the culture method helps to save time for mechanized operation and reduce cost and labor intensity; the needle mushrooms have short production periods and are produced yearly for many times; and the high-yield and highly-efficient cultivation mode is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fungus growing technique field, relate to a kind of golden mushroom plantation method, be specifically related to a kind of cultivation method of Asparagus batch production.
Background technology
Edible mushroom is the macro fungi that a class can be edible or medicinal, it is not only rich in protein, multivitamin and carbohydrate, and containing a lot of physiological activator, it is the non-harmful health food of natural green, there is higher using value, developing into the 3rd group food one mushroom food outside animal, plant food; Edible mushroom is important food source, with high protein, low fat, is rich in the local flavor of multivitamin mineral matter and dietary fiber and uniqueness for characteristic, is " health food of nutrition delicious food ", " vegetable food top "; Therefore edible and medicinal fungi plays more and more important effect in change human diet structure, raising level of human health etc.
Asparagus as edible mushroom common in daily life because taste sense is well more and more subject to the welcome of consumers in general, the plantation of current Asparagus is planted based on peasant oneself private savings, efficiency is low, cost is high, and output is bad, in order to meet the needs in market, Asparagus factorial praluction comes into vogue gradually, receive everybody favor, to its research also going deep into all the more, research and develop and a kind ofly overcome the industrial planting method that existing Asparagus produces upper drawback and be called the technical problem that those skilled in the art are urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, for the shortcoming that above prior art exists, a kind of factory culture method for needle mushroom is proposed, this cultivation method is mechanized operation, saves the time, reduces cost, decrease labour intensity, with short production cycle, average annual production often, reaches highly efficient and productive cultivation mode.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above technical problem is:
A kind of factory culture method for needle mushroom, this cultivation method comprises following concrete steps:
(1) preparation of composts or fertilisers of cultivating
Composts or fertilisers of cultivating comprises following component according to the mass fraction,
Coniferous sawdust: 65-73 part, cotton seed hulls: 20-23 part, corncob: 10-15 part, bagasse: 5-8 part, bean dregs 3-6 part;
Deliver in agitator by each for composts or fertilisers of cultivating component, mixing speed is that 80-100 turns/min, stirs 10-15min, adds water and prewet in whipping process, and controlling the Compost moisture content after prewetting is 63-65%;
(2) bottle
The composts or fertilisers of cultivating be stirred is delivered in bottling machine hopper through elevator, loads in plastic bottle, charging elasticity uniformity, and charge level compacting after charging is also punched, and then builds bottle cap;
(3) sterilizing
The plastic bottle that composts or fertilisers of cultivating is housed is carried out atmospheric steam sterilizing 10-15min, cools through refrigerating work procedure after sterilizing;
Refrigerating work procedure is, is first moved to by the composts or fertilisers of cultivating plastic bottle after sterilizing in first cooling chamber of sterilizing in advance and naturally cools, after temperature drops to 30-50 DEG C, move to the second cooling chamber and utilize refrigeration machine to carry out forced refrigeration, be cooled to 15-25 DEG C;
(4) inoculate
Move in transfer room by cooled composts or fertilisers of cultivating plastic bottle, adopt automatic vaccination machine to inoculate, the bacterial classification amount of every bottle is consistent;
(5) send out bacterium to cultivate
Plastic bottle after inoculation is good moves into culturing room and sends out bacterium cultivation, the greenhouse regulating culturing room is 20-22 DEG C, relative moisture in culturing room controls at 60-70%, culturing room is kept to avoid illumination, the content of nitrogen dioxide of culturing room remains on 3000-3800ppm, and keep culturing room clean, and screen pack is set at the open air exhaust mouth of culturing room;
(6) mycelium stimulation water filling
After a bacterium cultivation terminates, scratch the old bacterial classification on surface and the old mycelia on composts or fertilisers of cultivating top layer with mycelium stimulation cutter, then even spray water, immigration is given birth to room and is carried out fruiting;
(7) management of producing mushroom
Bud goes out the phase, and be differentiated to form the phase at 10-13 days mycelia restoration ecosystem to former bases after mycelium stimulation, the temperature that former base is formed controls at 15-18 DEG C, and the relative air humidity of fertility indoor controls at 95-98%, and without the need to illumination, gas concentration lwevel controls at 1000-1800ppm;
Inhibition period, after Asparagus sprouts, bud goes out to above bottleneck during 1-2cm, and the temperature controlling fertility room is 3-4 DEG C, passes into high wind and batch (-type) illumination 5-7 days;
Breeding time, former base forms rear fruit body and enters normal growth growth breeding time, and breeding time, temperature controlled at 6-8 DEG C, and relative air humidity controls at 80-85%, without the need to illumination;
(8) gather
As the long 15-18cm of mushroom handle of Asparagus, gather when mushroom lid diameter is 1-2cm;
(9) bottle is dug
Gather after terminating, bacterium bottle moves into immediately to dig and spells in room, and dug out by waste material by scratching machine, bacterium bottle is recycled and reused for production.
The technical scheme that the present invention limits further is:
In aforementioned factory culture method for needle mushroom, in composts or fertilisers of cultivating, each component is all dry, fresh, nothing is gone mouldy, without insect pest, and particle size, fineness degree are even.
In aforementioned factory culture method for needle mushroom, obtaining Coniferous sawdust composition in composts or fertilisers of cultivating and be first placed on the outdoor composting 4-6 month, wherein obtain harmful substance to remove, avoiding, producing adverse influence as during composts or fertilisers of cultivating to the growth of bacterial classification, ensureing the high yield of Asparagus.
In aforementioned factory culture method for needle mushroom, to clean before mycelium stimulation, mycelium stimulation blade of sterilizing, also to select simultaneously, pick the cultivation plastic bottle be bacterial contamination, in order to avoid mycelium stimulation blade carries disease germs, cause cross-infection.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
In the present invention, Asparagus realizes factorial praluction and stirs from composts or fertilisers of cultivating, bottling, inoculation, mycelium stimulation, dig bottle and all realize mechanized operation, send out bacterium to cultivate and fruiting developing environment employing control automatically, achieve the mechanization that Asparagus is produced, procedure operates, manual simulation's ecotope is cultivated, make edible mushroom at the water of the best, gas, temperature, wet, grow under the ecological conditions such as light, break traditional family workshop type manual operations, rely on natural conditions 1 year 1 batch of production system, achieve anniversary balanced production, the production system of stubble more than a year, make Asparagus high yield, efficiently.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of factory culture method for needle mushroom, and this cultivation method comprises following concrete steps:
(1) preparation of composts or fertilisers of cultivating
Composts or fertilisers of cultivating comprises following component according to the mass fraction,
Coniferous sawdust: 65 parts, cotton seed hulls: 23 parts, corncob: 12 parts, bagasse: 8 parts, 6 parts, bean dregs; In composts or fertilisers of cultivating, each component is all dry, fresh, nothing is gone mouldy, without insect pest, and particle size, fineness degree are even;
In composts or fertilisers of cultivating Coniferous sawdust composition is first placed on outdoor composting May, deliver in agitator by each for composts or fertilisers of cultivating component, mixing speed is 80 turns/min, stirs 12min, adds water and prewet in whipping process, and controlling the Compost moisture content after prewetting is 63%;
(2) bottle
The composts or fertilisers of cultivating be stirred is delivered in bottling machine hopper through elevator, loads in plastic bottle, charging elasticity uniformity, and charge level compacting after charging is also punched, and then builds bottle cap;
(3) sterilizing
The plastic bottle that composts or fertilisers of cultivating is housed is carried out atmospheric steam sterilizing 15min, cools through refrigerating work procedure after sterilizing;
Refrigerating work procedure is, is first moved to by the composts or fertilisers of cultivating plastic bottle after sterilizing in first cooling chamber of sterilizing in advance and naturally cools, after temperature drops to 50 DEG C, move to the second cooling chamber and utilize refrigeration machine to carry out forced refrigeration, be cooled to 25 DEG C;
(4) inoculate
Move in transfer room by cooled composts or fertilisers of cultivating plastic bottle, adopt automatic vaccination machine to inoculate, the bacterial classification amount of every bottle is consistent;
(5) send out bacterium to cultivate
Plastic bottle after inoculation is good moves into culturing room and sends out bacterium cultivation, the greenhouse regulating culturing room is 20 DEG C, relative moisture in culturing room controls 70%, culturing room is kept to avoid illumination, the content of nitrogen dioxide of culturing room remains on 3800ppm, and keep culturing room clean, and screen pack is set at the open air exhaust mouth of culturing room;
(6) mycelium stimulation water filling
After a bacterium cultivation terminates, scratch the old bacterial classification on surface and the old mycelia on composts or fertilisers of cultivating top layer with mycelium stimulation cutter, then even spray water, move into fertility room and carry out fruiting, to clean before mycelium stimulation, mycelium stimulation blade of sterilizing, also to select simultaneously, pick the cultivation plastic bottle be bacterial contamination;
(7) management of producing mushroom
Bud goes out the phase, and be differentiated to form the phase at 12 days mycelia restoration ecosystem to former bases after mycelium stimulation, the temperature that former base is formed controls at 15 DEG C, and the relative air humidity of fertility indoor controls 97%, and without the need to illumination, gas concentration lwevel controls at 1500ppm;
Inhibition period, after Asparagus sprouts, bud goes out to above bottleneck during 1cm, and the temperature controlling fertility room is 4 DEG C, passes into high wind and batch (-type) illumination 6 days;
Breeding time, former base forms rear fruit body and enters normal growth growth breeding time, and breeding time, temperature controlled at 8 DEG C, and relative air humidity controls 85%, without the need to illumination;
(8) gather
As the long 15cm of mushroom handle of Asparagus, gather when mushroom lid diameter is 1cm;
(9) bottle is dug
Gather after terminating, bacterium bottle moves into immediately to dig and spells in room, and dug out by waste material by scratching machine, bacterium bottle is recycled and reused for production.
embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of factory culture method for needle mushroom, and this cultivation method comprises following concrete steps:
(1) preparation of composts or fertilisers of cultivating
Composts or fertilisers of cultivating comprises following component according to the mass fraction,
Coniferous sawdust: 73 parts, cotton seed hulls: 20 parts, corncob: 15 parts, bagasse: 5 parts, 3 parts, bean dregs; In composts or fertilisers of cultivating, each component is all dry, fresh, nothing is gone mouldy, without insect pest, and particle size, fineness degree are even;
In composts or fertilisers of cultivating Coniferous sawdust composition is first placed on outdoor composting April, deliver in agitator by each for composts or fertilisers of cultivating component, mixing speed is 100 turns/min, stirs 15min, adds water and prewet in whipping process, and controlling the Compost moisture content after prewetting is 64%;
(2) bottle
The composts or fertilisers of cultivating be stirred is delivered in bottling machine hopper through elevator, loads in plastic bottle, charging elasticity uniformity, and charge level compacting after charging is also punched, and then builds bottle cap;
(3) sterilizing
The plastic bottle that composts or fertilisers of cultivating is housed is carried out atmospheric steam sterilizing 12min, cools through refrigerating work procedure after sterilizing;
Refrigerating work procedure is, is first moved to by the composts or fertilisers of cultivating plastic bottle after sterilizing in first cooling chamber of sterilizing in advance and naturally cools, after temperature drops to 40 DEG C, move to the second cooling chamber and utilize refrigeration machine to carry out forced refrigeration, be cooled to 15 DEG C;
(4) inoculate
Move in transfer room by cooled composts or fertilisers of cultivating plastic bottle, adopt automatic vaccination machine to inoculate, the bacterial classification amount of every bottle is consistent;
(5) send out bacterium to cultivate
Plastic bottle after inoculation is good moves into culturing room and sends out bacterium cultivation, the greenhouse regulating culturing room is 22 DEG C, relative moisture in culturing room controls 60%, culturing room is kept to avoid illumination, the content of nitrogen dioxide of culturing room remains on 3000ppm, and keep culturing room clean, and screen pack is set at the open air exhaust mouth of culturing room;
(6) mycelium stimulation water filling
After a bacterium cultivation terminates, scratch the old bacterial classification on surface and the old mycelia on composts or fertilisers of cultivating top layer with mycelium stimulation cutter, then even spray water, move into fertility room and carry out fruiting, to clean before mycelium stimulation, mycelium stimulation blade of sterilizing, also to select simultaneously, pick the cultivation plastic bottle be bacterial contamination;
(7) management of producing mushroom
Bud goes out the phase, and be differentiated to form the phase at 13 days mycelia restoration ecosystem to former bases after mycelium stimulation, the temperature that former base is formed controls at 18 DEG C, and the relative air humidity of fertility indoor controls 95%, and without the need to illumination, gas concentration lwevel controls at 1800ppm;
Inhibition period, after Asparagus sprouts, bud goes out to above bottleneck during 2cm, and the temperature controlling fertility room is 3 DEG C, passes into high wind and batch (-type) illumination 5 days;
Breeding time, former base forms rear fruit body and enters normal growth growth breeding time, and breeding time, temperature controlled at 6 DEG C, and relative air humidity controls 80%, without the need to illumination;
(8) gather
As the long 18cm of mushroom handle of Asparagus, gather when mushroom lid diameter is 2cm;
(9) bottle is dug
Gather after terminating, bacterium bottle moves into immediately to dig and spells in room, and dug out by waste material by scratching machine, bacterium bottle is recycled and reused for production.
embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of factory culture method for needle mushroom, and this cultivation method comprises following concrete steps:
(1) preparation of composts or fertilisers of cultivating
Composts or fertilisers of cultivating comprises following component according to the mass fraction,
Coniferous sawdust: 70 parts, cotton seed hulls: 21 parts, corncob: 10 parts, bagasse: 7 parts, 5 parts, bean dregs; In composts or fertilisers of cultivating, each component is all dry, fresh, nothing is gone mouldy, without insect pest, and particle size, fineness degree are even;
In composts or fertilisers of cultivating Coniferous sawdust composition is first placed on outdoor composting June, deliver in agitator by each for composts or fertilisers of cultivating component, mixing speed is 90 turns/min, stirs 10min, adds water and prewet in whipping process, and controlling the Compost moisture content after prewetting is 65%;
(2) bottle
The composts or fertilisers of cultivating be stirred is delivered in bottling machine hopper through elevator, loads in plastic bottle, charging elasticity uniformity, and charge level compacting after charging is also punched, and then builds bottle cap;
(3) sterilizing
The plastic bottle that composts or fertilisers of cultivating is housed is carried out atmospheric steam sterilizing 10min, cools through refrigerating work procedure after sterilizing;
Refrigerating work procedure is, is first moved to by the composts or fertilisers of cultivating plastic bottle after sterilizing in first cooling chamber of sterilizing in advance and naturally cools, after temperature drops to 30 DEG C, move to the second cooling chamber and utilize refrigeration machine to carry out forced refrigeration, be cooled to 20 DEG C;
(4) inoculate
Move in transfer room by cooled composts or fertilisers of cultivating plastic bottle, adopt automatic vaccination machine to inoculate, the bacterial classification amount of every bottle is consistent;
(5) send out bacterium to cultivate
Plastic bottle after inoculation is good moves into culturing room and sends out bacterium cultivation, the greenhouse regulating culturing room is 21 DEG C, relative moisture in culturing room controls 65%, culturing room is kept to avoid illumination, the content of nitrogen dioxide of culturing room remains on 3500ppm, and keep culturing room clean, and screen pack is set at the open air exhaust mouth of culturing room;
(6) mycelium stimulation water filling
After a bacterium cultivation terminates, scratch the old bacterial classification on surface and the old mycelia on composts or fertilisers of cultivating top layer with mycelium stimulation cutter, then even spray water, move into fertility room and carry out fruiting, to clean before mycelium stimulation, mycelium stimulation blade of sterilizing, also to select simultaneously, pick the cultivation plastic bottle be bacterial contamination;
(7) management of producing mushroom
Bud goes out the phase, and be differentiated to form the phase at 10 days mycelia restoration ecosystem to former bases after mycelium stimulation, the temperature that former base is formed controls at 17 DEG C, and the relative air humidity of fertility indoor controls 98%, and without the need to illumination, gas concentration lwevel controls at 1000ppm;
Inhibition period, after Asparagus sprouts, bud goes out to above bottleneck during 1m, and the temperature controlling fertility room is 4 DEG C, passes into high wind and batch (-type) illumination 7 days;
Breeding time, former base forms rear fruit body and enters normal growth growth breeding time, and breeding time, temperature controlled at 7 DEG C, and relative air humidity controls 82%, without the need to illumination;
(8) gather
As the long 17cm of mushroom handle of Asparagus, gather when mushroom lid diameter is 1cm;
(9) bottle is dug
Gather after terminating, bacterium bottle moves into immediately to dig and spells in room, and dug out by waste material by scratching machine, bacterium bottle is recycled and reused for production.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (4)
1. a factory culture method for needle mushroom, is characterized in that, this cultivation method comprises following concrete steps:
(1) preparation of composts or fertilisers of cultivating
Described composts or fertilisers of cultivating comprises following component according to the mass fraction,
Coniferous sawdust: 65-73 part, cotton seed hulls: 20-23 part, corncob: 10-15 part, bagasse: 5-8 part, bean dregs 3-6 part;
Deliver in agitator by each for composts or fertilisers of cultivating component, mixing speed is that 80-100 turns/min, stirs 10-15min, adds water and prewet in whipping process, and controlling the Compost moisture content after prewetting is 63-65%;
(2) bottle
The composts or fertilisers of cultivating be stirred is delivered in bottling machine hopper through elevator, loads in plastic bottle, charging elasticity uniformity, and charge level compacting after charging is also punched, and then builds bottle cap;
(3) sterilizing
The plastic bottle that composts or fertilisers of cultivating is housed is carried out atmospheric steam sterilizing 10-15min, cools through refrigerating work procedure after sterilizing;
Described refrigerating work procedure is, is first moved to by the composts or fertilisers of cultivating plastic bottle after sterilizing in first cooling chamber of sterilizing in advance and naturally cools, after temperature drops to 30-50 DEG C, move to the second cooling chamber and utilize refrigeration machine to carry out forced refrigeration, be cooled to 15-25 DEG C;
(4) inoculate
Move in transfer room by cooled composts or fertilisers of cultivating plastic bottle, adopt automatic vaccination machine to inoculate, the bacterial classification amount of every bottle is consistent;
(5) send out bacterium to cultivate
Plastic bottle after inoculation is good moves into culturing room and sends out bacterium cultivation, the greenhouse regulating culturing room is 20-22 DEG C, relative moisture in culturing room controls at 60-70%, culturing room is kept to avoid illumination, the content of nitrogen dioxide of culturing room remains on 3000-3800ppm, and keep culturing room clean, and screen pack is set at the open air exhaust mouth of culturing room;
(6) mycelium stimulation water filling
After a bacterium cultivation terminates, scratch the old bacterial classification on surface and the old mycelia on composts or fertilisers of cultivating top layer with mycelium stimulation cutter, then even spray water, immigration is given birth to room and is carried out fruiting;
(7) management of producing mushroom
Bud goes out the phase, and be differentiated to form the phase at 10-13 days mycelia restoration ecosystem to former bases after mycelium stimulation, the temperature that former base is formed controls at 15-18 DEG C, and the relative air humidity of fertility indoor controls at 95-98%, and without the need to illumination, gas concentration lwevel controls at 1000-1800ppm;
Inhibition period, after Asparagus sprouts, bud goes out to above bottleneck during 1-2cm, and the temperature controlling fertility room is 3-4 DEG C, passes into high wind and batch (-type) illumination 5-7 days;
Breeding time, former base forms rear fruit body and enters normal growth growth breeding time, and breeding time, temperature controlled at 6-8 DEG C, and relative air humidity controls at 80-85%, without the need to illumination;
(8) gather
As the long 15-18cm of mushroom handle of Asparagus, gather when mushroom lid diameter is 1-2cm;
(9) bottle is dug
Gather after terminating, bacterium bottle moves into immediately to dig and spells in room, and dug out by waste material by scratching machine, bacterium bottle is recycled and reused for production.
2. factory culture method for needle mushroom according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described composts or fertilisers of cultivating, each component is all dry, fresh, nothing is gone mouldy, without insect pest, and particle size, fineness degree are even.
3. factory culture method for needle mushroom according to claim 1, is characterized in that: obtain Coniferous sawdust composition in described composts or fertilisers of cultivating and be first placed on the outdoor composting 4-6 month.
4. factory culture method for needle mushroom according to claim 1, is characterized in that: will clean before mycelium stimulation, mycelium stimulation blade of sterilizing, and also will select simultaneously, pick the cultivation plastic bottle be bacterial contamination.
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| CN108967033A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-12-11 | 福建神农菇业股份有限公司 | Bottle cultivated edible fungi cultural method |
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