CN108293605A - A kind of method of ramulus mori culture of mushrooms with pocketed material - Google Patents
A kind of method of ramulus mori culture of mushrooms with pocketed material Download PDFInfo
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- CN108293605A CN108293605A CN201710902861.2A CN201710902861A CN108293605A CN 108293605 A CN108293605 A CN 108293605A CN 201710902861 A CN201710902861 A CN 201710902861A CN 108293605 A CN108293605 A CN 108293605A
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
A kind of method of ramulus mori culture of mushrooms with pocketed material, wherein ramulus mori Bag Material are made of following weight fraction：Ramulus mori considers 30 70 parts to be worth doing, 20 45 parts of weed tree sawdust, 16 20 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of sucrose, 1 part of lime, protects 4 parts of mushroom king, 34 parts of mould inhibitor；The concrete operation step of the method using above-mentioned ramulus mori culture of mushrooms with pocketed material is as follows：Prepare before cultivation；Material bag makes；Sterilizing；Inoculation；Bacterium germination period management：Acanthopore oxygenation；De- bag row plants；Annesl period management；Fruiting period management；Picking；Advantage is：The edible fungus quality cultivated using the present invention is obviously improved, and fleshy hypertrophy delicacy, distinctive aroma, delicious flavour is full of nutrition, and mushroom has good nutritive value and health value at selenium is also contained in being grouped as according to surveying and determination.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of cultivating method for edible fungi, specially a kind of method of ramulus mori culture of mushrooms with pocketed material.
Background technology
China be the hair of world's Sericultural production in detail.Relevant information shows that whole nation mulberry field area reaches 12,000,000 mu at present.
Ramulus mori is one of principal by product of Sericultural production, and mulberry field of generally growing into forest per acre is cut down by the reasonable summer or the spring is cut down can produce dry ramulus mori
0.3 ton or more.For a long time, most ramulus moris are used as rural area fuel, and not only utility value is very low, but also are burnt and generated
Smog a degree of pollution is caused to ambient atmosphere environment.It is mouldy rotten that rand by the road is abandoned after the mulberry branch cutting of part,
Not only it had polluted environment but also resource is made to waste.Traditional edible fungus culturing is mostly segment wood cultivated, develops excessively arrive cultivating in bag later,
But traditional cultivation method is still followed in many places.Due to indiscriminate felling of trees, severe water and soil erosion, ecological environment is continuous worsening.Hair
The contradiction for opening up mushroom industry and environmental protection is increasingly prominent.
It measures according to the experiment, crude protein 5.84%, pricker dimension element 51.84%, half pricker dimension element is contained in ramulus mori constituent
23.02%, lignin 18.18%, ash content 1.57%, carbon-nitrogen ratio 66.2:1.Meanwhile in ramulus mori also contain Polyphenols, flavonoids,
The special compositions such as alkaloid.These chemical compositions are very useful to domestomycetes growth and development, especially some bioactive ingredients
It can be obviously improved becteriums product quality by metabolic conversion.According to these special compositions of ramulus mori form, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Guangxi,
The domestic flourishing silkworm area such as Jiangsu all compares the utilization of resources for paying attention to ramulus mori, has carried out ramulus mori as raw material using ramulus mori and has considered cultivating in bag food to be worth doing
With the research and development of bacterium, have made great progress.It is more common in ramulus mori cultivating in bag edible mushroom formula to be：Ramulus mori is considered to be worth doing
78%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, sucrose %.But it is relatively low using this Bag Material formula mushroom culture per unit area yield, simultaneously because ground
The difference of domain condition, the difference of ramulus mori constituent content, ramulus mori carbon-nitrogen ratio change greatly, in addition auxiliary material resource difference,
Cause cultivating in bag method especially Bag Material formula varied, is difficult to hold in production.South of Gansu Province is Gansu Sericultural production master
Producing region, while being also Upper Yangtze River ecological safe shelter zone, the whole city has 7.4 ten thousand mu of mulberry field area, ramulus mori annual output 2.2 ten thousand at present
Ton or more.Therefore, it is badly in need of the technical method that research and development adapt to local ramulus mori cultivating in bag edible mushroom.In recent years, pass through list
Research achieve ramulus mori high quality edible fungus high yield as a result, having grasped the firsthand information.Silkworm and mulberry byproduct exploitation utilizes especially mulberry
Branch cultivating in bag edible mushroom, relies on the novel agriculturals management bodies such as leading enterprise, farmer specialized cooperative society, demonstrates in a collection of industry
Garden (point) forms weather, begins to take shape.Therefore we have studied a kind of bacterium germination speed, product quality to be obviously improved, meat
Plump delicate, delicious flavour, the method for branch culture of mushrooms with pocketed material full of nutrition solve to exist in current mushroom cultivation
The problem of.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to above-described problems of the prior art, provide a kind of bacterium germination speed compared with
Soon, product quality be obviously improved, fleshy hypertrophy delicate, delicious flavour, the method for branch culture of mushrooms with pocketed material full of nutrition solves
Certainly the problem of current mushroom cultivation.
In order to realize the purpose, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of method of ramulus mori culture of mushrooms with pocketed material, wherein ramulus mori Bag Material are made of following weight fraction：Ramulus mori considers 30-70 to be worth doing
Part, 20-45 parts of weed tree sawdust, 16-20 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of sucrose, 1 part of lime, 4 parts of guarantor mushroom king, 3-4 parts of mould inhibitor；
The concrete operation step of the method using above-mentioned ramulus mori culture of mushrooms with pocketed material is as follows：
One, prepare before cultivation
1. place prepares：Topography drying is selected, surrounding is pollution-free, and the general people can be used with room in the place of clean environment, bacterium germination
Room or vinyl house are convenient for shading, and configure the equipment such as fan, and fruiting place is separated with bacterium germination place, and adaptation to local conditions builds letter
Easy greenhouse uses sericulture greenhouse；2. strain selects：Autumn mushroom selects L808, dried mushroom to select 908,9108；3. planting time selects：
Autumn mushroom makes material bag December, and dried mushroom makes material bag in 3-4 months；4. the selection for auxiliary material of stocking up：The 1-2 months before material bag makes
Start to stock up, selects degree of lignification height, no disease and pests harm, without the annual dry mulberry branch to go mouldy, carried out with wood grinder
Pulverization process, ramulus mori consider 0.3-0.5 centimetres of granular size to be worth doing.
Two, material bag makes：Select 30-70 parts of major ingredient ramulus mori bits, 20-45 parts of weed tree sawdust, 16-20 parts of wheat bran；Then it selects
1 part of auxiliary material gypsum, 1 part of sucrose, 1 part of lime protect 4 parts of mushroom king, two kinds or two or more mixtures in 3-4 parts of mould inhibitor
It is mixed respectively with major ingredient and forms mixture, mixture and water with ratio as 40:60 mixing, and stir evenly；Then it is pinched with hand
Group does not drip between webs for mark, and the material heap mixed bored 1-2h together starts to pack after expecting to have thorough grasp moisture；Use sack filling machine
Pack, one group of 4-6 people, pipelining, it is desirable that feed elastic appropriateness, and bag wall is smooth not to have gap, polybag upper end reserved 10
Centimetre or so, it is then tightened and is fastened with plastic ties, packed and terminate on the day of accomplishing same day spice；
Three, it sterilizes：It is sterilized using normal-pressure boiler, every time 2500 bags -3000 bags of sterilizing.Material bag is moved into sterilizing place,
It determines that position is arranged in " well " font, reserves a fixed gap between material bag, received with to reduce bag number for the top 3-4 layer and pushed up successively, with double
Layer canopy film covering；When sterilizing starts, very hot oven onslaught makes a pot in-furnace temperature rapidly rise to 100 degrees Celsius in 4-6 hours, when
Material heap temperature starts timing when reaching 100 degrees Celsius, kept for 12-14 hours, then cease fire bored pot 8-10 hours, work as kettle temperature
It takes the dish out of the pot while hot when dropping to 60 degrees Celsius, sterilization effect is good；
Four, it is inoculated with：Before inoculation, transfer room is carried out sweeping cleaning and medicine liquid spray sterilizes, with 75% alcohol to inoculating hood
Or inoculation account, inoculating appliance, operating personnel's both hands cleaning disinfection, keep inoculation environment totally to close, when material bag temperature is less than 28
Degree Celsius when move in transfer room, seed bottle is opened in aseptic operation box, is inoculated in inoculating hood according to the requirement of sterile working,
3 holes are made a call to material bag surface is equidistant with tip wooden stick, and 2 centimetres or so of aperture, 1.5-2 centimetres of hole depth inserts rapidly fungus block
In inoculation hole, hole is filled up and be slightly above, then quickly puts on outer bagging, send bacterium germination room bacterium germination after inoculation in time.
Five, bacterium germination period management：1. disinfection row's bag：Bacterium bag enter the room or canopy before, to being cleaned up in indoor or canopy comprehensively,
Then spraying disinfection is carried out come your fast solution with 2-3%, then is sterilized 24 hours with smoke agent is closed, after disinfection, will connect
Bacterium bag after kind neatly embarks on journey discharge indoors or in canopy, and row keeps being used as operating walk way at a distance from 10cm-15cm between row,
Often capable height 10-12 layers, length is depending on room, canopy length, and plastic covering canopy film is kept the temperature；2. environmental condition controls：Temperature：Hair
During bacterium, the control of indoor or temperature of shed at 28 degree hereinafter, after first time turning temperature control again 25 degree hereinafter, second of turning
After control in 20-25 degree；Humidity：Relative humidity is controlled 65% or so；Light：It is timely to bacterium germination room or bacterium germination canopy after arranging bag
Shaded with sunshade net, keeps the dark surrounds of bacterium germination room or bacterium germination canopy；3. turning picks miscellaneous；When hyphal diameter grows to 8-10 in bacterium cylinder
Centimetre when, carry out first time turning, bacterium germination 30 days or so carries out second of turning, keeps bacterium bag temperature-sensitive uniform, and bacterium germination is consistent, finds
The bacterium bag for having miscellaneous bacteria is handled respectively according to pollution condition, pollutes moving on to ventilation, half-light, being isolated at low temperature for green mold to small area
Culture；Mucor pollution, by reinforcing ventilation process；To pollution Neurospora, bacterium germination room, long distance are removed after being wrapped up with polybag
From burn or it is buried.
Six, acanthopore oxygenation：Outer bagging is taken off in conjunction with first time turning, according to the in due course acanthopore oxygenation of hyphal development situation, one
As acanthopore 2 times, mycelia carries out after being connected completely around the inoculation cave for the first time, with toothpick around inoculation cave acanthopore 3-4, depth
1 centimetre；It is carried out after entire bacterium bag all covers with mycelia for the second time, with toothpick uniform acanthopore 30-50 on entire bag face, depth
Reach bacterium bag center, it is ensured that the full hair of mycelia hair is saturating, is conducive to the growth of edible mushroom.
Seven, bag row is taken off to plant：When bag inner process knob accounts for 2/3rds of bag face, touch that bag is flexible, and part occurs with hand
Start de- bag when sepia mycoderm, bacterium bag is sent to fruiting place, bacterium bag is taken off after scratching bag face with blade, is then in " people " word
Type is neatly leant against on the crossbearer put up in advance, and bacterium cylinder is with ground at 60-70 degree angles, and bacterium cylinder spacing is kept for 3-4 centimetres, upper cover
Plastic foil film heat and moisture preserving controls ambient temperature and humidity when taking off bag, keep temperature 18-22 degree, humidity 75-80%.
Eight, annesl period management：After de- bag in 3-5 days, thin temperature in the shed control is in 18-22 degree, relative air humidity control
When having the droplet of condensation in 85-90%, film, upper cover film is thrown off in time, when bacterium cylinder surface grows one layer of aerial hyphae
When, daily ventilation 1 time, the 20 minutes time takes off film sooner or later daily if temperature is more than 25 degree, aeration-cooling, when bacterium cylinder surface
After covering with villiform mycelia, stronger ventilation amount extends ventilation time, daily ventilation 1-2 times, and each ventilation time 0.5 hour is compeled
Villiform mycelia is set to lodge, after 1 week, bacterium cylinder surface generates dark brown droplet, and mycoderm is gradually deepened, and color and luster turns deep, at this time
Timely hydroblasting falls brown secretion, meanwhile, take closed film on daytime to keep the temperature, dry and wet is artificially created in night ventilation cooling
Alternate environment increases the measures such as scattering light stimulus, it is ensured that smoothly complete annesl process.
Nine, fruiting period management：According to the climatic characteristic in each season, the good environment temperature of priority control, relative humidity and light
Line, mushroom temperature of shed keep 13-18 degree, relative air humidity to be maintained at 85-90%, meanwhile, there is certain scattering light irradiation；When adopting
After complete first damp mushroom, stop water spray, bacteria 7-10 days carries out caloric stimulation immediately when the bacterium cylinder mushroom base of a fruit whitens and goes to bronzing
With alternation of wetting and drying processing；When having adopted two damp mushroom bacterium cylinder weight and being decreased obviously, clean tap water is injected to bacterium cylinder with syringe
Or well water, or its water swelling will be made in bacterium cylinder immersion clean water, it is managed by preceding method.
Ten, it picks：When the curls inward of mushroom piece edge, velum fracture is optimal harvest time when cap is not yet unfolded.
Wherein give addition lime in ramulus mori Bag Material can the acidity of sweetening of the soil, the structure for improving soil, supply mushroom growth
Required calcium element.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：One, contain crude protein 5.84% in ramulus mori constituent,
Pricker dimension element 51.84%, half pricker dimension element 23.02%, lignin 18.18%, ash content 1.57%, carbon-nitrogen ratio 66.2:1, and in ramulus mori
Also contain the special compositions such as Polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloid, is not only advantageous to the growth of edible mushroom, and improve edible mushroom
Quality, increase the nutritional ingredient and mouthfeel of edible mushroom；Two, the auxiliary material added not only can be with the acidity of sweetening of the soil, improvement
The structure of soil, the calcium supplied needed for mushroom growth are plain；And it is that Bag Material will not be mouldy during entire growth, and is
The growth of edible mushroom provides an advantageous growing environment；Three, due to humidity, the temperature to growth environment during bacterium germination
Degree, the stringent control sterilized keep the bacterium germination speed of the strain of the invention cultivated fast, than traditional 2-3 days in advance, monotubular yield
2.64kg, volume increase 29.58%；Four, the edible fungus quality cultivated using the present invention is obviously improved, fleshy hypertrophy delicacy, fragrant
Gas is unique, and delicious flavour is full of nutrition, and mushroom has good nutritive value and guarantor at selenium is also contained in being grouped as according to surveying and determination
Strong value.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of ramulus mori culture of mushrooms with pocketed material, wherein ramulus mori Bag Material are made of following weight fraction：Ramulus mori considers 30-70 to be worth doing
Part, 20-45 parts of weed tree sawdust, 16-20 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of sucrose；
The concrete operation step of the method using above-mentioned ramulus mori culture of mushrooms with pocketed material is as follows：
One, prepare before cultivation
1. place prepares：Topography drying is selected, surrounding is pollution-free, and the general people can be used with room in the place of clean environment, bacterium germination
Room or vinyl house are convenient for shading, and configure the equipment such as fan, and fruiting place is separated with bacterium germination place, and adaptation to local conditions builds letter
Easy greenhouse uses sericulture greenhouse；2. strain selects：Autumn mushroom selects L808, dried mushroom to select 908,9108；3. planting time selects：
Autumn mushroom makes material bag December, and dried mushroom makes material bag in 3-4 months；4. the selection for auxiliary material of stocking up：Material bag is opened the 1-2 months before making
Begin stock, selects degree of lignification height, no disease and pests harm, without the annual dry mulberry branch to go mouldy, powder is carried out with wood grinder
Broken processing, ramulus mori consider 0.3-0.5 centimetres of granular size to be worth doing.
Four, material bag makes：Select 30-70 parts of major ingredient ramulus mori bits, 20-45 parts of weed tree sawdust, 16-20 parts of wheat bran；Then it selects
1 part of auxiliary material gypsum, 1 part of sucrose are mixed, and mixture mixes composition mixture with major ingredient respectively, mixture and water with than
Example is 40:60 mixing, and stir evenly；Then it pinched, dripped between webs for mark with hand, the material heap mixed bored 1- together
2h starts to pack after material has thorough grasp moisture；It is packed with sack filling machine, one group of 4-6 people, pipelining, it is desirable that feed elastic appropriateness,
Bag wall is smooth not to have gap, and polybag upper end is 10 centimetres or so reserved, is then tightened and is fastened with plastic ties, accomplishes that same day spice is worked as
Its pack terminates；
Five, it sterilizes：It is sterilized using normal-pressure boiler, every time 2500 bags -3000 bags of sterilizing.Material bag is moved into sterilizing place,
It determines that position is arranged in " well " font, reserves a fixed gap between material bag, received with to reduce bag number for the top 3-4 layer and pushed up successively, with double
Layer canopy film covering；When sterilizing starts, very hot oven onslaught makes a pot in-furnace temperature rapidly rise to 100 degrees Celsius in 4-6 hours, when
Material heap temperature starts timing when reaching 100 degrees Celsius, kept for 12-14 hours, then cease fire bored pot 8-10 hours, work as kettle temperature
It takes the dish out of the pot while hot when dropping to 60 degrees Celsius, sterilization effect is good；
Four, it is inoculated with：Before inoculation, transfer room is carried out sweeping cleaning and medicine liquid spray sterilizes, with 75% alcohol to inoculating hood
Or inoculation account, inoculating appliance, operating personnel's both hands cleaning disinfection, keep inoculation environment totally to close, when material bag temperature is less than 28
Degree Celsius when move in transfer room, seed bottle is opened in aseptic operation box, is inoculated in inoculating hood according to the requirement of sterile working,
3 holes are made a call to material bag surface is equidistant with tip wooden stick, and 2 centimetres or so of aperture, 1.5-2 centimetres of hole depth inserts rapidly fungus block
In inoculation hole, hole is filled up and be slightly above, then quickly puts on outer bagging, send bacterium germination room bacterium germination after inoculation in time.
Five, bacterium germination period management：1. disinfection row's bag：Bacterium bag enter the room or canopy before, to being cleaned up in indoor or canopy comprehensively, so
Spraying disinfection is carried out come your fast solution with 2-3% afterwards, then is sterilized 24 hours with smoke agent is closed, after disinfection, will be inoculated with
Bacterium bag afterwards neatly embarks on journey discharge indoors or in canopy, and row keeps being used as operating walk way at a distance from 10cm-15cm between row, often
10-12 layers of row height, length is depending on room, canopy length, and plastic covering canopy film is kept the temperature；2. environmental condition controls：Temperature：Bacterium germination
Period, the control of indoor or temperature of shed at 28 degree hereinafter, after first time turning temperature control again 25 degree hereinafter, after second of turning
Control is in 20-25 degree；Humidity：Relative humidity is controlled 65% or so；Light：After arranging bag, bacterium germination room or bacterium germination canopy are used in time
Sunshade net shades, and keeps the dark surrounds of bacterium germination room or bacterium germination canopy；3. turning picks miscellaneous；When hyphal diameter grows to 8-10 lis in bacterium cylinder
Meter Shi, carries out first time turning, and bacterium germination carries out second of turning in 30 days or so, keeps bacterium bag temperature-sensitive uniform, bacterium germination is consistent, has found
The bacterium bag of miscellaneous bacteria is handled respectively according to pollution condition, pollutes moving on to ventilation, half-light, being isolated at low temperature and train for green mold to small area
It supports；Mucor pollution, by reinforcing ventilation process；To pollution Neurospora, bacterium germination room, long distance are removed after being wrapped up with polybag
From burn or it is buried.
Six, acanthopore oxygenation：Outer bagging is taken off in conjunction with first time turning, according to the in due course acanthopore oxygenation of hyphal development situation, one
As acanthopore 2 times, mycelia carries out after being connected completely around the inoculation cave for the first time, with toothpick around inoculation cave acanthopore 3-4, depth
1 centimetre；It is carried out after entire bacterium bag all covers with mycelia for the second time, with toothpick uniform acanthopore 30-50 on entire bag face, depth
Reach bacterium bag center, it is ensured that the full hair of mycelia hair is saturating.
Seven, bag row is taken off to plant：When bag inner process knob accounts for 2/3rds of bag face, touch that bag is flexible, and part occurs with hand
Start de- bag when sepia mycoderm, bacterium bag is sent to fruiting place, bacterium bag is taken off after scratching bag face with blade, is then in " people " word
Type is neatly leant against on the crossbearer put up in advance, and bacterium cylinder is with ground at 60-70 degree angles, and bacterium cylinder spacing is kept for 3-4 centimetres, upper cover
Plastic foil film heat and moisture preserving controls ambient temperature and humidity when taking off bag, keep temperature 18-22 degree, humidity 75-80%.
Eight, annesl period management：After de- bag in 3-5 days, thin temperature in the shed control is in 18-22 degree, relative air humidity control
When having the droplet of condensation in 85-90%, film, upper cover film is thrown off in time, when bacterium cylinder surface grows one layer of aerial hyphae
When, daily ventilation 1 time, the 20 minutes time takes off film sooner or later daily if temperature is more than 25 degree, aeration-cooling, when bacterium cylinder surface
After covering with villiform mycelia, stronger ventilation amount extends ventilation time, daily ventilation 1-2 times, and each ventilation time 0.5 hour is compeled
Villiform mycelia is set to lodge, after 1 week, bacterium cylinder surface generates dark brown droplet, and mycoderm is gradually deepened, and color and luster turns deep, at this time
Timely hydroblasting falls brown secretion, meanwhile, take closed film on daytime to keep the temperature, dry and wet is artificially created in night ventilation cooling
Alternate environment increases the measures such as scattering light stimulus, it is ensured that smoothly complete annesl process.
Nine, fruiting period management：According to the climatic characteristic in each season, the good environment temperature of priority control, relative humidity and light
Line, mushroom temperature of shed keep 13-18 degree, relative air humidity to be maintained at 85-90%, meanwhile, there is certain scattering light irradiation；When adopting
After complete first damp mushroom, stop water spray, bacteria 7-10 days carries out caloric stimulation immediately when the bacterium cylinder mushroom base of a fruit whitens and goes to bronzing
With alternation of wetting and drying processing；When having adopted two damp mushroom bacterium cylinder weight and being decreased obviously, clean tap water is injected to bacterium cylinder with syringe
Or well water, or its water swelling will be made in bacterium cylinder immersion clean water, it is managed by preceding method.
Ten, it picks：When the curls inward of mushroom piece edge, velum fracture is optimal harvest time when cap is not yet unfolded.
Wherein give addition lime in ramulus mori Bag Material can the acidity of sweetening of the soil, the structure for improving soil, supply mushroom growth
Required calcium element.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of ramulus mori culture of mushrooms with pocketed material, wherein ramulus mori Bag Material are made of following weight fraction：Ramulus mori considers 30-70 to be worth doing
Part, 20-45 parts of weed tree sawdust, 16-20 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of lime, 4 parts of guarantor mushroom king, 3-4 parts of mould inhibitor；Wherein ramulus mori cultivating in bag is fragrant
The concrete operation step of the method for mushroom is as described in Example 1, wherein the auxiliary material of only step 2 selects to be 1 part of lime, protects mushroom
4 parts of king, 3-4 parts of mould inhibitor, prevents Bag Material from going mouldy, and reduces the phenomenon that strain is easy to catch an illness during growth, improves
The survival rate of strain, that is, improve the yield of edible mushroom.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of ramulus mori culture of mushrooms with pocketed material, wherein ramulus mori Bag Material are made of following weight fraction：Ramulus mori considers 30-70 to be worth doing
Part, 20-45 parts of weed tree sawdust, 16-20 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of lime；Wherein the method for ramulus mori culture of mushrooms with pocketed material is specific
Operating procedure is as described in Example 1, wherein the auxiliary material of only step 2 selects to be 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of lime, not only can in
With the calcium element needed for the acidity of soil, the structure for improving soil, supply mushroom growth；And it is Bag Material in entire growth
Will not be mouldy in journey, and provide an advantageous growing environment for the growth of edible mushroom.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that the institute that will be fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent requirements of the claims
It changes and is included within the present invention.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiment being appreciated that.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method of ramulus mori culture of mushrooms with pocketed material, wherein ramulus mori Bag Material are made of following weight fraction：Ramulus mori considers 30-70 to be worth doing
Part, 20-45 parts of weed tree sawdust, 16-20 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of gypsum, 1 part of sucrose, 1 part of lime, 4 parts of guarantor mushroom king, 3-4 parts of mould inhibitor；
The concrete operation step of the method using above-mentioned ramulus mori culture of mushrooms with pocketed material is as follows：
One, prepare before cultivation
1. place prepares：Select topography drying, surrounding pollution-free, the place of clean environment, bacterium germination with room can be used general residential house or
Vinyl house is convenient for shading, and configures the equipment such as fan, and fruiting place is separated with bacterium germination place, and adaptation to local conditions is built simple big
Canopy uses sericulture greenhouse；2. strain selects：Autumn mushroom selects L808, dried mushroom to select 908,9108；3. planting time selects：Autumn mushroom
Material bag is made December, dried mushroom makes material bag in 3-4 months；4. the selection for auxiliary material of stocking up：Material bag starts standby the 1-2 months before making
Material selects degree of lignification height, no disease and pests harm, without the annual dry mulberry branch to go mouldy, place is crushed with wood grinder
Reason, ramulus mori consider 0.3-0.5 centimetres of granular size to be worth doing；
Two, material bag makes：Select 30-70 parts of major ingredient ramulus mori bits, 20-45 parts of weed tree sawdust, 16-20 parts of wheat bran；Then auxiliary material is selected
1 part of gypsum, 1 part of sucrose, 1 part of lime protect 4 parts of mushroom king, two kinds in 3-4 parts of mould inhibitor or two or more mixtures difference
It is mixed with major ingredient and forms mixture, mixture and water with ratio as 40:60 mixing, and stir evenly；Then it pinched, referred to hand
It is not dripped between seam for mark, the material heap mixed bored 1-2h together starts to pack after expecting to have thorough grasp moisture；It is packed with sack filling machine,
One group of 4-6 people, pipelining, it is desirable that feed elastic appropriateness, and bag wall is smooth not to have gap, and 10 centimetres of left sides are reserved in polybag upper end
Then the right side is tightened with plastic ties and is fastened, pack and terminate on the day of accomplishing same day spice；
Three, it sterilizes：It is sterilized using normal-pressure boiler, every time 2500 bags -3000 bags of sterilizing.Material bag is moved into sterilizing place, in determination
Position is arranged in " well " font, and a fixed gap is reserved between material bag, and the top 3-4 layers is received top to reduce bag number successively, with the double-deck canopy
Film covers；When sterilizing starts, very hot oven onslaught makes a pot in-furnace temperature rapidly rise to 100 degrees Celsius in 4-6 hours, works as material heap
Temperature starts timing when reaching 100 degrees Celsius, kept for 12-14 hours, then ceased fire bored pot 8-10 hours, when kettle temperature declines
It takes the dish out of the pot while hot when to 60 degrees Celsius, sterilization effect is good；
Four, it is inoculated with：Before inoculation, transfer room is carried out sweeping cleaning and medicine liquid spray sterilizes, to inoculating hood or is connect with 75% alcohol
Kind account, inoculating appliance, operating personnel's both hands cleaning disinfection keep inoculation environment totally to close, when material bag temperature is Celsius less than 28
Transfer room is moved in when spending, seed bottle is opened in aseptic operation box, is inoculated in inoculating hood according to the requirement of sterile working, with point
Pollard stick makes a call to 3 holes material bag surface is equidistant, and 2 centimetres or so of aperture, fungus block is inserted rapidly inoculation by 1.5-2 centimetres of hole depth
In hole, hole is filled up and be slightly above, then quickly puts on outer bagging, send bacterium germination room bacterium germination after inoculation in time；
Five, bacterium germination period management：1. disinfection row's bag：Bacterium bag enter the room or canopy before, to being cleaned up in indoor or canopy comprehensively, then use
Your the fast solution that comes of 2-3% carries out spraying disinfection, then is sterilized 24 hours with smoke agent is closed, after disinfection, after inoculation
Bacterium bag neatly embarks on journey discharge indoors or in canopy, and row keeps being used as operating walk way at a distance from 10cm-15cm between row, and often row is high
10-12 layers of degree, length is depending on room, canopy length, and plastic covering canopy film is kept the temperature；2. environmental condition controls：Temperature：Bacteria developing period
Between, the control of indoor or temperature of shed at 28 degree hereinafter, after first time turning temperature control again 25 degree hereinafter, being controlled after second of turning
System is in 20-25 degree；Humidity：Relative humidity is controlled 65% or so；Light：After arranging bag, to bacterium germination room or bacterium germination canopy in time with screening
Screened postive is shaded, and the dark surrounds of bacterium germination room or bacterium germination canopy is kept；3. turning picks miscellaneous；When hyphal diameter grows to 8-10 centimetres in bacterium cylinder
When, first time turning is carried out, bacterium germination carries out second of turning in 30 days or so, keeps bacterium bag temperature-sensitive uniform, and bacterium germination is consistent, and discovery has miscellaneous
The bacterium bag of bacterium is handled respectively according to pollution condition, pollutes moving on to ventilation, half-light, being isolated at low temperature and cultivate for green mold to small area；
Mucor pollution, by reinforcing ventilation process；To pollution Neurospora, bacterium germination room is removed after being wrapped up with polybag, is burnt at a distance
It burns or buried；
Six, acanthopore oxygenation：Outer bagging is taken off in conjunction with first time turning, it is general to pierce according to the in due course acanthopore oxygenation of hyphal development situation
Hole 2 times, mycelia is completely connected around inoculation cave for the first time carries out later, with toothpick around inoculation cave acanthopore 3-4,1 li of depth
Rice；It is carried out after entire bacterium bag all covers with mycelia for the second time, with toothpick uniform acanthopore 30-50 on entire bag face, depth reaches
To bacterium bag center, it is ensured that the full hair of mycelia hair is saturating；
Seven, bag row is taken off to plant：When bag inner process knob accounts for 2/3rds of bag face, touch that bag is flexible, and part occurs brown with hand
Start de- bag when color mycoderm, bacterium bag is sent to fruiting place, bacterium bag is taken off after scratching bag face with blade, is then in that " people " font is whole
It leans against on the crossbearer put up in advance together, bacterium cylinder is with ground at 60-70 degree angles, and bacterium cylinder spacing is kept for 3-4 centimetres, upper cover plastics
Film film heat and moisture preserving controls ambient temperature and humidity when taking off bag, keep temperature 18-22 degree, humidity 75-80%；
Eight, annesl period management：After de- bag in 3-5 days, in 18-22 degree, relative air humidity is controlled in 85- for thin temperature in the shed control
90%, when having the droplet of condensation in film, upper cover film is thrown off in time, when bacterium cylinder surface grows one layer of aerial hyphae, often
Its ventilation 1 time, 20 minutes time took off film sooner or later daily if temperature is more than 25 degree, aeration-cooling, when bacterium cylinder surface covers with
After villiform mycelia, stronger ventilation amount extends ventilation time, daily ventilation 1-2 times, and each ventilation time 0.5 hour forces suede
Hairy mycelia lodges, and after 1 week, bacterium cylinder surface generates dark brown droplet, and mycoderm is gradually deepened, and color and luster turns deep, in time at this time
Hydroblasting falls brown secretion, meanwhile, take closed film on daytime to keep the temperature, alternation of wetting and drying is artificially created in night ventilation cooling
Environment increases the measures such as scattering light stimulus, it is ensured that smoothly complete annesl process；
Nine, fruiting period management：According to the climatic characteristic in each season, the good environment temperature of priority control, relative humidity and light, mushroom
Temperature of shed keeps 13-18 degree, relative air humidity to be maintained at 85-90%, meanwhile, there is certain scattering light irradiation；When having adopted
After one damp mushroom, stop water spray, bacteria 7-10 days carries out caloric stimulation and do immediately when the bacterium cylinder mushroom base of a fruit whitens and goes to bronzing
Wet alternate processing；When having adopted two damp mushroom bacterium cylinder weight and being decreased obviously, clean tap water or well are injected to bacterium cylinder with syringe
Water, or its water swelling will be made in bacterium cylinder immersion clean water, it is managed by preceding method；
Ten, it picks：When the curls inward of mushroom piece edge, velum fracture is optimal harvest time when cap is not yet unfolded.
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| CN111527990A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-14 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | Mushroom substitute cultivation medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN112166956A (en) * | 2020-10-17 | 2021-01-05 | 李俊锋 | Whole mulberry twig edible fungus and preparation method thereof |
| CN112449991A (en) * | 2020-12-20 | 2021-03-09 | 竹溪县隆源大鲵生物开发有限公司 | Method for accelerating color conversion in cultivation period of mushroom sticks in greenhouse |
| CN113170701A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-07-27 | 安康学院 | Lentinus edodes compost prepared from ramulus mori and cultivation method |
| CN113951049A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-01-21 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Culture medium taking macadimia nut peels as raw materials and method for cultivating oyster mushrooms by using culture medium |
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| CN112449991A (en) * | 2020-12-20 | 2021-03-09 | 竹溪县隆源大鲵生物开发有限公司 | Method for accelerating color conversion in cultivation period of mushroom sticks in greenhouse |
| CN113170701A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-07-27 | 安康学院 | Lentinus edodes compost prepared from ramulus mori and cultivation method |
| CN113951049A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-01-21 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Culture medium taking macadimia nut peels as raw materials and method for cultivating oyster mushrooms by using culture medium |
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