CN1799317B - Method for cultivating natural white striped mushroom - Google Patents
Method for cultivating natural white striped mushroom Download PDFInfo
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- CN1799317B CN1799317B CN 200510062336 CN200510062336A CN1799317B CN 1799317 B CN1799317 B CN 1799317B CN 200510062336 CN200510062336 CN 200510062336 CN 200510062336 A CN200510062336 A CN 200510062336A CN 1799317 B CN1799317 B CN 1799317B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the cultivating technique for mushroom, especially to the cultivating method for white colored mushroom, comprising preparing bacterial stick, inoculating, culturing and getting mushroom. Adding germanium and selenium element in the bacterial stick preparation, and employing special managing method for sterilizing, inoculating, culturing and getting mushroom. The prepared white colored mushroom is characterized by the fast food eating, strong bacterial filament, high productivity of above 95%, early bulb bearing, fast mushroom preparation, tender mushroom, large quantity containing of organic germanium and organic selenium which is easy-to-adsorb by human, and distinctive economical benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mushroom Growing Technique, relate in particular to a kind of sky and spend the cultivation method of mushroom in vain.
Background technology
It spends mushroom in vain, and being called usually is treasure in the mushroom.Mushroom flower bud surface detail is chrysanthemum shape or netted, and color and luster is tender white, and mushroom shape is round just, and delicate mouthfeel is aromatic.In recent years, especially the mushroom industry development is rapid for the edible mushroom of China, and export volume is constantly expanded, and has made contribution for the both urban and rural residents's life and income.In the mushroom of decades is produced, adopt the old prescription of composts or fertilisers of cultivating with brown sugar always, so that the mycelium carbon nutrition to be provided, to impel and send out the bacterium field planting.Though yet help the cultivation of mushroom with brown sugar, help the growth and breeding of other assorted bacterium equally, cause the cost of producing mushroom higher, the mushroom product are inferior.
On the other hand, according to investigations, the county of 29 provinces 72% of China, the urban and rural residents in city lack trace elements of selenium in the body.Replacing brown sugar as compound selenium element how, is carrier with the edible mushroom, carries out biology and strengthens, and develops organic trace elements edible mushroom that human body can absorb, and is China edible mushroom industry scientific research personnel's a important topic all the time.
Simultaneously, adopt the cultural method of existing mushroom to be unfavorable for that the sky spends the cultivation of mushroom in vain, often occur candle mushroom and ray flower mushroom easily, and the mycelia slight of stature, resistance is poor.
Summary of the invention
Spend mycelia slight of stature in the mushroom cultivation in vain in order to solve above-mentioned sky, resistance is poor, becomes the mushroom rate low, the technological deficiency that production cost is high, it is sturdy to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of mycelia, strong stress resistance, become mushroom rate height, the cultivation method of mushroom is spent in the sky that is rich in selenium, element ge in vain.
To achieve the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
The cultivation method of natural white striped mushroom comprises the preparation of bacterium rod, and inoculation is cultivated, the fruiting step, and above-mentioned steps is as described below:
(1) batching: select weed tree sawdust 60～80% for use, wheat bran 10～30%, cotton seed hull 0～15%, gypsum 1～2%, germanium, the selenium complex element of adding 50～100ppm add water and mix in right amount, and the final content of water is 55～65%;
(2) packed: bagging diameter 12～30cm, the long 30～60cm of bag, thick 4～8, every sacked material weight in wet base is 2～6kg;
(3) sterilization;
(4) inoculation: adopt the semi open model inoculation, burrow, inoculate, stack once and finish, 6～12 in every bag of bacterium bastinade hole;
(5) cultivate: temperature remains on 23～25 ℃, air humidity remains in 70%, after the bacterium rod is cultivated 15～20 days, when mycelia is dealt into 5～8cm, in sending out mycelia 2cm with the iron awl along bacterium rod acanthopore, behind first time acanthopore, used iron bore spine hole in 15～20 days again;
(6) the short flower bud of humidification: the bacterium rod through 120～150 days send out bacterium after, vertical pond or the horizontal force pump of putting into of entering, add water to high fruiting rod 8～12cm, soaked 1～2 hour, layering temperature control then, the upper strata temperature is controlled at 28～31 ℃, and the near-bottom temperature sky is at 24～25 ℃, temperature kept 2～4 hours, opened the canopy door then and kept ventilating; Night, low temperature was controlled at 8～10 ℃, and temperature kept 3～5 hours, and sealing canopy door keeps 10～22 ℃ of temperature;
(7) management of producing mushroom: when mushroom flower bud diameter length arrives 1.5cm, in time cut bag and reject less than 1cm with greater than the mushroom flower bud of 2cm, humidity 60%～70% in the regulation and control canopy, the diffused light irradiation, mushroom flower bud diameter length to 2～3cm, humidity in the mushroom canopy keeps 55%～60% the morning, keeps 45%～55% afternoon, educates to spend in the omnidistance canopy to keep dry on the ground;
(8) flower mushroom was gathered preceding 2～3 days, and standard-sized sheet canopy film ventilation humidity discharging in 9～16 o'clock, humidity are below 65%, and the protection against the tide of night closing mushroom canopy reaching the requirement back of gathering and plucking.
As preferably, select weed tree sawdust 76～80% for use, wheat bran 18～22%, gypsum 1～2%, germanium, selenium complex element 50～100ppm add water and mix in right amount and make the bacterium rod.
As preferably, select weed tree sawdust 70～76% for use, wheat bran 10～18%, cotton seed hull 10～15%, gypsum 1%, germanium, selenium complex element 50～100ppm add water and mix in right amount and make the bacterium rod.
As preferably, described germanium, selenium complex element are made up of germanium dioxide 10～30% and sodium selenite 70～90%.
As preferably, add one 2 bagging again after step (2) is packed.
As preferably, autoclaving is adopted in sterilization, with large-scale pressure cooker Shanghai Automobile Factory, must bleed off cold air earlier, is raised to 1.5～1.8 kilograms of pressure again, keeps 36～40 hours.
The present invention is owing to adopted above technical scheme, and the sky that is produced is spent mushroom in vain and had following advantage:
1, to spend selenium element contained in the mushroom in vain be organic selenium and organic germanium through the mushroom mycelium bulk absorption in the sky, is different from metal inorganic selenium, germanium, the utilization that very easily is absorbed by the body, and its absorption rate is up to 97.5%.
2, show that through relevant department's inspection side natural white striped mushroom is nontoxic food, edible safety, organic selenium, organic germanium contained in its mushroom can be stored in tissue, are beneficial to the biosynthesis that participates in paddy Guang peptide peroxidase (SOD).
3, after selenium, germanium absorb, not only increase selenium, Ge content in mushroom, and after inorganic selenium, germanium are strengthened mushroom, become organic selenium, organic germanium, participate in the conversion of organism endoenzyme, the quality of protein is improved through biological transformation.
4, organic selenium, organic germanium have the free radical of removing, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and lipotropism oxidation, and to strengthening premunition, prevention human cancer, Keshan disease, diabetes etc. have extremely important meaning.
5, natural white striped mushroom of the present invention has that material feeding is fast, mycelia is sturdy, strong stress resistance, yield rate be up to more than 95%, show simultaneously flower bud early, fruiting is fast, mushroom meat is tender, thick flavor, a shape are big, has remarkable economic efficiency.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The cultivation method of natural white striped mushroom comprises step as described below:
(1) gets the raw materials ready: select the residue such as branch, fork of various broad-leaved trees and leftover pieces, the bark heap fermentation of wood-working factory and make the sturdy weed tree sawdust of granule;
(2) batching: select weed tree sawdust 74% for use, wheat bran 15%, cotton seed hull 10%, gypsum 1%, germanium, the selenium complex element of adding 50～100ppm add water and mix in right amount, the final content of water is 55～65%, and wherein germanium, selenium complex element are made up of germanium dioxide 20% and sodium selenite 80%;
(3) packed: bagging adopts diameter 24cm, the long 55～58cm of bag, and thick 6, every sacked material weight in wet base is 4.5kg, wets excessively to be unfavorable for sending out a bacterium, overdrying influences fruiting;
(4) prick bag and add bagging: after installing bag, in time excess around cleaning sack and the full bag keeps hygienically clean, and is to guarantee sterile working, preferably adds one 2 silk braid bag again before the sterilization again, otherwise bacterial infection easily;
(5) sterilization: adopt autoclaving,, must bleed off cold air earlier, be raised to 1.5～1.8 kilograms of pressure again, kept 36～40 hours with large-scale pressure cooker Shanghai Automobile Factory;
(6) cooling and inoculation: sterilization back cools to 30～40 ℃ naturally, takes out the bacterium rod and is deposited in the plastic tunnel, sterilizes through steam fog and inoculates in back 1 hour, adopts semi open model to inoculate, and burrows, inoculates, stacks once and finish, 6～12 in every bag of bacterium bastinade hole;
(7) cultivate: temperature remains on 23～25 ℃, air humidity remains in 70%, after the bacterium rod is cultivated 15～20 days, when mycelia is dealt into 5～8cm, in sending out mycelia 2cm with the iron awl along bacterium rod acanthopore, behind first time acanthopore, used iron bore spine hole in 15～20 days again;
(8) the short flower bud of humidification: the bacterium rod through 120～150 days send out bacterium after, vertical pond or the horizontal force pump of putting into of entering, add water to high fruiting rod 8～12cm, soaked 1～2 hour, layering temperature control then, the upper strata temperature is controlled at 28～31 ℃, and the near-bottom temperature sky is at 24～25 ℃, temperature kept 2～4 hours, opened the canopy door then and kept ventilating; Night, low temperature was controlled at 8～10 ℃, and temperature kept 3～5 hours, and sealing canopy door keeps 10～22 ℃ of temperature;
(9) management of producing mushroom: when mushroom flower bud diameter length arrives 1.5cm, in time cut bag and reject less than 1cm with greater than the mushroom flower bud of 2cm, humidity 60%～70% in the regulation and control canopy, the diffused light irradiation, mushroom flower bud diameter length to 2～3cm, humidity in the mushroom canopy keeps 55%～60% the morning, keeps 45%～55% afternoon, educates to spend in the omnidistance canopy to keep dry on the ground;
(10) flower mushroom is gathered preceding 2～3 days (cloudy mist protect florescence except), and standard-sized sheet canopy film ventilation humidity discharging in 9～16 o'clock, humidity be below 65%, the protection against the tide of night closing mushroom canopy.
Above-mentioned flower mushroom reach gather require after, with plucking, or be put into a heatable brick bed sieve immediately and go up dewatering drying with pin.The flower mushroom oven dry is put suitable rare unsuitable close.The oven dry temperature program is: 35～40 ℃ of high wind dehydration 1～4 hour, 40～50 ℃ of dryings 8～12 hours.50～55 ℃ of apoplexy baking 3～4 hours, last 1～2 hour 55～65 ℃.The highest should not be above 65 ℃.After flower mushroom is drying, should encapsulate protection against the tide immediately, keep the pattern milky white, the mushroom umbrella is hemispherical, and it is faint yellow that lamella uprightly is.
Embodiment 2
Batching: select weed tree sawdust 79% for use, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, the germanium, the selenium complex element that add 50～100ppm, add water and mix in right amount, the final content of water is 55～65%, and wherein germanium, selenium complex element are made up of germanium dioxide 30% and sodium selenite 70%.
Other step such as embodiment 1.
Claims (5)
1. the cultivation method of natural white striped mushroom comprises the preparation of bacterium rod, and inoculation is cultivated, and the fruiting step is characterized in that above-mentioned steps is as described below:
(1) batching: select weed tree sawdust 60～80% for use, wheat bran 10～30%, cotton seed hull 0～15%, gypsum 1～3%, the germanium, the selenium complex element that add 50～100ppm, add water and mix in right amount, the final content of water is 55～65%, and described germanium, selenium complex element are made up of germanium dioxide 10～30% and sodium selenite 70～90%;
(2) packed: bagging diameter 12～30cm, the long 30～60cm of bag, thick 4～8, every sacked material weight in wet base is 2～6kg;
(3) sterilization;
(4) inoculation: adopt the semi open model inoculation, burrow, inoculate, stack once and finish, 6～12 in every bag of bacterium bastinade hole;
(5) cultivate: temperature remains on 23～25 ℃, air humidity remains in 70%, after the bacterium rod is cultivated 15～20 days, when mycelia is dealt into 5～8cm, in sending out mycelia 2cm with the iron awl along bacterium rod acanthopore, behind first time acanthopore, used iron bore spine hole in 15～20 days again;
(6) the short flower bud of humidification: the bacterium rod through 120～150 days send out bacterium after, vertical pond or the horizontal force pump of putting into of entering, add water to high fruiting rod 8～12cm, soaked 1～2 hour, layering temperature control then, the upper strata temperature is controlled at 28～31 ℃, and the near-bottom temperature sky is at 24～25 ℃, temperature kept 2～4 hours, opened the canopy door then and kept ventilating; Night, low temperature was controlled at 8～10 ℃, and temperature kept 3～5 hours, and sealing canopy door keeps 10～22 ℃ of temperature;
(7) management of producing mushroom: when mushroom flower bud diameter length arrives 1.5cm, in time cut bag and reject less than 1cm with greater than the mushroom flower bud of 2cm, humidity 60%～70% in the regulation and control canopy, the diffused light irradiation, mushroom flower bud diameter length to 2～3cm, humidity in the mushroom canopy keeps 55%～60% the morning, keeps 45%～55% afternoon, educates to spend in the omnidistance canopy to keep dry on the ground;
(8) flower mushroom was gathered preceding 2～3 days, and standard-sized sheet canopy film ventilation humidity discharging in 9～16 o'clock, humidity are below 65%, and the protection against the tide of night closing mushroom canopy reaching the requirement back of gathering and plucking.
2. the cultivation method of natural white striped mushroom as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that selecting for use weed tree sawdust 76～80%, wheat bran 18～22%, and gypsum 1～2%, germanium, selenium complex element 50～100ppm add water and mix in right amount and make the bacterium rod.
3. the cultivation method of natural white striped mushroom as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that selecting for use weed tree sawdust 70～76%, wheat bran 10～18%, and cotton seed hull 10～15%, gypsum 1%, germanium, selenium complex element 50～100ppm add water and mix in right amount and make the bacterium rod.
4. the cultivation method of natural white striped mushroom as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that step (2) adds one 2 bagging after packed again.
5. the cultivation method of natural white striped mushroom as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that sterilization adopts autoclaving, with large-scale pressure cooker Shanghai Automobile Factory, bleeds off cold air earlier, is raised to 1.5～1.8 kilograms of pressure again, keeps 36～40 hours.
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| CN 200510062336 CN1799317B (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2005-12-30 | Method for cultivating natural white striped mushroom |
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| CN 200510062336 CN1799317B (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2005-12-30 | Method for cultivating natural white striped mushroom |
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| CN1799317A CN1799317A (en) | 2006-07-12 |
| CN1799317B true CN1799317B (en) | 2010-07-21 |
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Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101637101B (en) * | 2009-08-19 | 2011-01-12 | 蛟河市黑土白云食用菌有限公司 | Industrial cultivation method of selenium-enriched agaricus bisporus |
| CN101857489B (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2013-01-09 | 东至县德丰食用菌科技开发中心 | Zinc-enriched selenium-enriched lentinus edodes and cultivation method thereof |
| CN101849479A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2010-10-06 | 金勇� | Culture method of selenium-rich lentinus edodes |
| CN102584451B (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2013-11-06 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Method for producing mushroom sticks by using bark waste as main material |
| CN103477868A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-01 | 凌爱秋 | Method for cultivating flower mushrooms through uncooked material fermentation and by utilizing open-type bag-cultivation shiitake mushrooms |
| CN104663243A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-06-03 | 谢光玉 | Cultivation method for mushrooms rich in selenium |
| CN104641937A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-05-27 | 谢光玉 | Cultivation method for selenium-enriched phoenix mushrooms |
| CN106134761A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2016-11-23 | 江西麻山化工有限公司 | A kind of industrialization mushroom breeding method |
| CN107173044A (en) * | 2016-03-13 | 2017-09-19 | 马世宇 | Organic Selenium coprinus comatus new cultivation technology |
| CN107173048A (en) * | 2016-03-13 | 2017-09-19 | 马世宇 | Organic Selenium elegant precious mushroom new cultivation technology |
| CN107173046A (en) * | 2016-03-13 | 2017-09-19 | 马世宇 | Organic Selenium cultivating champignon new technology |
| CN107173045A (en) * | 2016-03-13 | 2017-09-19 | 马世宇 | Organic selenium ganoderma lucidum new cultivation technology |
| CN107828664B (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2020-10-23 | 湖南省农业生物技术研究中心 | Schizophyllum commune XT-1 and cultivation method and application thereof |
| CN107864797A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-04-03 | 莆田市农业科学研究所 | A kind of Clitocybe maxima exempts from soil covering culture method |
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Patent Citations (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1100587A (en) * | 1993-11-11 | 1995-03-29 | 陈新民 | Method for prepn. of multi-element edible fungus protein |
| CN1370396A (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2002-09-25 | 梁峥 | Selenium-rich mushroom and its cultivation process |
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