CN115517132A - Camellia oleifera and Thelephora angustifolia medium for culturing medicinal fungi - Google Patents
Camellia oleifera and Thelephora angustifolia medium for culturing medicinal fungi Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of medicinal fungus culture, and particularly relates to a camellia oleifera and thea philippine fungus matrix for culturing medicinal fungi, which comprises the following steps: crushing the camellia oleifera abrus, the corncobs and the bagasse, then fermenting, after the fermentation is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation, retaining solids, drying and crushing the solids to obtain a main material; step two: dissolving sucrose in water to form a syrup, mixing rice bran, wheat bran and syrup, stirring, drying, and pulverizing to obtain adjuvants; step three: mixing the oil tea camellia thea, auxiliary materials and fillers, sterilizing and packaging the mixture to obtain an oil tea camellia thea matrix; according to the invention, the camellia oleifera abrus is used as the main material of the bacteria matrix, so that waste camellia oleifera abrus can be utilized, the waste of the camellia oleifera abrus can be further avoided, and in addition, the camellia oleifera abrus is used as the bacteria matrix instead of traditional wood, and the utilization rate of the wood can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medicinal fungus culture, in particular to a camellia oleifera and thearubiaceae fungus matrix for culturing medicinal fungi.
Background
The medicinal fungus refers to all fungus substances which can be used for pharmacy. The wild medicinal fungus includes Cordyceps, cordyceps sobolifera, omphalia, and Marasmius androsaceus; the artificially cultured medicinal fungus includes Ganoderma, poria, polyporus, phellinus Linteus, auricularia, and Coriolus versicolor. Although the medicinal bacteria have different efficacies, the greatest advantage is that the medicinal bacteria have no toxic or side effect. Recent medical research shows that the Chinese medicinal herbs have the functions of tonifying qi, strengthening the body, removing diseases, stimulating the menstrual flow, prolonging the life and the like, and also have the effects of enhancing the immunity of a human body, resisting tumors and cancers.
Because the bark of the tree is thick and nutritious, can provide sufficient nutrition for the bacterial, consequently current fungus matrix adopts timber as fungus matrix mostly, and adopts timber as fungus matrix, and a large amount of use timber can destroy the environment on the one hand, and the ligneous cost of on the other hand is higher, uses timber as the cultivation cost that the equal matrix can improve medicinal fungus, consequently needs a low price, and can not reduce the cultivation cost of medicinal fungus by the fungus matrix of broken environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a camellia oleifera and thearubiaceae substrate for culturing medicinal fungi, which aims to solve the problem that the conventional medicinal fungi in the background art need wood as a bacterial substrate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a substrate of oil tea camellia theaphragma used for culturing medicinal fungi comprises, by mass, 220-240 parts of main materials, 20-40 parts of auxiliary materials and 3-5 parts of fillers;
the main materials comprise, by mass, 20-25 parts of oil tea camellia, 3-8 parts of corncobs and 3-5 parts of bagasse;
the auxiliary materials comprise 8-12 parts of rice bran, 8-12 parts of wheat bran and 2-3 parts of cane sugar by mass;
the filler comprises 3-5 parts of gypsum, 0-2 parts of calcium carbonate and 1-2 parts of magnesium sulfate;
the preparation method of the oil tea camellia theaphragmitis substrate comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: crushing the camellia oleifera tea, the corncobs and the bagasse, then fermenting, after fermentation, performing solid-liquid separation, keeping solids, and drying and crushing the solids to obtain a main material;
step two: dissolving sucrose in water to form a syrup, then mixing rice bran, wheat bran and the syrup, stirring, drying and crushing after uniformly mixing to obtain auxiliary materials;
step three: the oil tea camellia theaphra, the auxiliary materials and the filler are mixed with one another, and then the mixture is sterilized and packaged to obtain the oil tea camellia theaphra matrix.
Preferably, the main materials comprise 23-25 parts of oil tea camellia, 3-5 parts of corncobs and 3-4 parts of bagasse in parts by weight;
the auxiliary materials comprise 8-10 parts of rice bran, 10-12 parts of wheat bran and 2-3 parts of cane sugar by mass;
the filler comprises 3-4 parts of gypsum, 1-2 parts of calcium carbonate and 1-2 parts of magnesium sulfate.
Preferably, in the first step, before the camellia oleifera tea pumps, the corn cobs and the bagasse are crushed, the camellia oleifera tea pumps, the corn cobs and the bagasse are mixed, and after the mixing is finished, the camellia oleifera tea pumps, the corn cobs and the bagasse are crushed.
Preferably, the main materials comprise, by mass, 20-23 parts of camellia oleifera abel, 5-8 parts of corncobs and 4-5 parts of bagasse;
the auxiliary materials comprise 10-12 parts of rice bran, 8-10 parts of wheat bran and 2-3 parts of cane sugar by mass;
the filler comprises 4-5 parts of gypsum and 1-2 parts of magnesium sulfate.
Preferably, in the first step, before the oil tea camellia philippine, the corn cob and the bagasse are crushed, the corn cob and the bagasse are mixed, then the mixture is crushed, and then the oil tea camellia philippine is separately crushed.
Preferably, in the first step, during fermentation, the corn cobs and the bagasse are firstly put into a fermentation tank for fermentation, and after half an hour, the camellia oleifera tea is added into the fermentation tank for fermentation.
Preferably, the water content of the main material in the first step is 8-12%, and the water content of the auxiliary material in the second step is 12-15%.
Preferably, in the first pulverization, the particle size after pulverization is less than 5mm, in the second pulverization, the particle size after pulverization is less than 0.5mm, and the particle size of the auxiliary material obtained in the second pulverization is also less than 0.5mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) According to the invention, the waste oil tea camellia can be utilized as the main material of the fungus matrix, so that the waste of the oil tea camellia can be avoided, in addition, the traditional wood is replaced by the oil tea camellia as the fungus matrix, the utilization rate of the wood can be reduced, the environment is protected, the resource amount of the oil tea camellia is large, the price is low, and the culture cost of medicinal fungi can be reduced;
2) The oil tea has the advantages that the oil tea contains more cellulose and lignin, more bioactive components can be obtained after degradation, the bioactive components can promote the growth of medicinal fungi on one hand, so that the demand of the medicinal fungi on nutrients in the early growth stage is reduced, in addition, in the growth process of the medicinal fungi, the effects of killing and antifeedant can be realized on partial insects, the damage of pests to the medicinal fungi can be effectively reduced, and the quality of the medicinal fungi is improved.
3) The invention degrades cellulose and lignin in the oil tea camellia tea plant through fermentation, and the oil tea camellia tea plant can become fluffy through fermentation, and when the oil tea camellia tea plant is made into a fungus matrix, the fluffy fungus matrix not only can facilitate the release of other nutrient substances, but also can improve the air permeability of the fungus matrix.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a production flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, which are based on the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a substrate of oil tea camellia theaphragma used for culturing medicinal fungi comprises 230 to 240 parts of main material, 20 to 30 parts of auxiliary material and 3 to 5 parts of filler by mass;
the main materials comprise 23 to 25 parts of oil tea camellia Gaultheria tea, 3 to 5 parts of corncobs and 3 to 4 parts of bagasse in parts by weight; the oil tea camellia pumps are oil tea shells after squeezing, contain more cellulose and lignin, can obtain more bioactive components after degrading, such as: tea saponin, phenols, trace elements, minerals, amino acids and the like; the camellia oleifera theapu contains tea saponin, and the tea saponin can effectively promote the growth of medicinal bacteria, so that the demand of the medicinal bacteria on nutrients in the early growth stage is reduced, in addition, in the growth process of the medicinal bacteria, the functions of killing and food refusing can be performed on part of insects, the damage of pests on the medicinal bacteria can be effectively reduced, meanwhile, the camellia oleifera theapu can also effectively kill more kinds of diseases in soil, and further the quality of the medicinal bacteria is improved; cellulose and lignin in the camellia oleifera tea fungus are degraded through fermentation, the camellia oleifera tea fungus can be fluffy through fermentation, and when the camellia oleifera tea fungus is made into a fungus matrix, the fluffy fungus matrix not only can facilitate the release of other nutrient substances, but also can improve the air permeability of the fungus matrix, so that the growth of medicinal fungi is facilitated; in addition, the camellia oleifera philips are fermented before use, so that the camellia oleifera philips can be prevented from being fermented in soil, and further, the camellia oleifera philips can be prevented from forming burn roots on medicinal bacteria; the corncob can also be used as a fungus matrix and further used as a supplement of the oil tea camellia philippine, in addition, the corncob is added in the fermentation process of the oil tea philips, so that the fermented oil tea philips are fluffy, the bulkiness of the fermented oil tea philips can be adjusted by adjusting the using amount of the corncob, and further the air permeability of the oil tea philips fungus matrix is adjusted; the bagasse contains a certain amount of sugar, which can provide sugar for strains at the initial stage of fermentation, and the fermented bagasse can improve the fermentation speed of the corncobs, and the fermentation speed of the camellia oleifera abrus can be higher than that of the corncobs, so that the fermentation speed of the corncobs can be improved through the fermented bagasse, the time difference between the fermentation time of the camellia oleifera abrus and the fermentation time of the corncobs can be reduced, and the fermentation time can be further saved;
the auxiliary materials comprise 8 to 10 parts of rice bran, 10 to 12 parts of wheat bran and 2 to 3 parts of cane sugar by weight; the rice bran and the wheat bran are fluffy and are mixed into the main materials, so that the possibility of moisture agglomeration of the main materials can be reduced, and on the other hand, even if the main materials are wetted and agglomerated, the agglomerated viscosity is weak, medicinal bacteria can be easily expanded, so that the growth of the medicinal bacteria cannot be hindered by the substrate of the oil tea camellia theapu bacteria of the device; the cane sugar is used for providing initial sugar for the drug-feeding bacteria, the other cane sugar has certain viscosity, the cane sugar is mixed with the auxiliary materials, after the main material and the auxiliary materials are mixed, air is slightly humid, the main material and the auxiliary materials can be adhered to each other, and dust is prevented from being generated when the auxiliary materials and the main material are packed; the cane sugar is dissolved and then mixed with rice bran and wheat bran, so that the cane sugar can be uniformly mixed with the camellia oleifera and thea fungus matrix, and the initial growth of medicinal fungi is facilitated; the medicinal fungus grows rapidly at the initial stage, so that the growth speed of the medicinal fungus can be increased integrally, and the growth cycle of the medicinal fungus is further reduced;
the filler comprises 3 to 4 parts of gypsum, 1 to 2 parts of calcium carbonate and 1 to 2 parts of magnesium sulfate; the gypsum is gypsum which can supplement the deficiency of sulfur and calcium in the substrate of the oil tea theapu fungus; the gaseous nitrogen is fixed into chemical nitrogen, the stability of ammonia gas dissociated in the oil tea thearubiaceae matrix is facilitated, and the nitrogen loss in the oil tea thearubiaceae matrix is reduced; can accelerate the decomposition of organic matters in the substrate of the oil tea camellia theaphra, promote the release of soluble phosphorus and potassium in the feed, and supply hypha for absorption and utilization; calcium ions can make colloid membranes in the compost disappear, and are beneficial to mushroom hypha to absorb nutrition; the gypsum can neutralize oxalic acid generated by hyphae in the growth process, and a cell membrane of calcium oxalate is formed on the surface of the hyphae, so that the gypsum has the effects of defending external enemies and protecting the hyphae; the cellulose degradation rate of the base material after fermentation is improved, and the soluble sugar is increased; in addition, the gypsum can inhibit the side effect of overhigh pH value caused by ammonia gas even after sowing, thereby preventing the thearubiaceae theaphyllum substrate from turning into acid and performing anaerobic fermentation; the coagulation effect of the camellia oleifera and thearubigins fungus matrix on some bacterial intercellular substances is enhanced, so that the damage to culture structures caused by the activity of bacteria in the composting process can be reduced; the calcium provided by the gypsum can condense the colloidal particles on the surfaces of the rice bran and the wheat bran into large particles to precipitate, so that a condensation phenomenon is generated, a physical structure with good ventilation is formed, the substrate of the oil tea camellia thea philippinarum becomes loose, the water storage property and the ventilation property are improved, and the activity of beneficial microorganisms is promoted; the gypsum also has strong water absorption and can improve the water holding capacity of the compost; part of the performance of the gypsum can be repeated with that of the oil tea camellia, and the repeated part is difficult to obviously improve the performance of the oil tea camellia bacteria matrix, so that the gypsum is omitted, and calcium carbonate capable of improving calcium elements is used for replacing the gypsum; the magnesium sulfate is used for supplementing sulfur and magnesium in the oil tea theapu bacteria matrix.
The preparation method of the oil tea camellia theaphragmitis substrate comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing the camellia oleifera tea powder, the corn cobs and the bagasse according to mass fraction, then crushing the mixture, wherein the crushed particle size is less than 5mm, the particle size is reduced to facilitate quick fermentation, and the mixture is crushed to facilitate full mixing among the camellia oleifera tea powder, the corn cobs and the bagasse, then fermenting the mixture, wherein the temperature is kept at 30-35 ℃ during fermentation, the fermentation is performed for one hour, after the fermentation is completed, solid-liquid separation is performed, the solid is kept and dried, the drying temperature is kept at 80 +/-5 ℃, the water content of the dried material is 8-10%, then crushing the dried material, wherein the crushed particle size is less than 0.5mm, and the crushed material is the main material;
step two: dissolving sucrose in deionized water to form sugar water, mixing and stirring the rice bran and the wheat bran at a stirring speed of about 100r/min, pouring the sugar water into the rice bran and the wheat bran, wherein the weight of the sugar water is less than half of the sum of the weights of the rice bran and the wheat bran, the water amount is small, the later-stage quick drying can be facilitated, mixing and stirring the rice bran, the wheat bran and the sugar water, uniformly mixing, drying, crushing the dried material at a drying temperature of 100 ℃, and crushing the dried material, wherein the crushed particle size is less than 0.5mm, and the crushed material is an auxiliary material;
step three: mixing tea-oil camellia tea fungus, auxiliary material and filler each other, here mix through the stirring, after mixing, extrude it and pack, can obtain tea-oil camellia tea fungus matrix, need disinfect it when packing to avoid the miscellaneous all sneaking into tea-oil camellia tea fungus matrix.
Example two:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution:
a substrate of oil tea camellia theaphragma used for culturing medicinal fungi comprises 220-230 parts of main materials, 30-40 parts of auxiliary materials and 3-5 parts of fillers by mass; the amount of the corncobs added into the main materials is more, and the prepared oil tea rubus philippinensis substrate is more fluffy, so that more auxiliary materials also need to be added to ensure the bulkiness of the oil tea rubus philippinensis substrate;
the main materials comprise, by mass, 20-23 parts of oil tea camellia, 5-8 parts of corncobs and 4-5 parts of bagasse; the increase of the number of the corncobs can lead to the lengthening of the fermentation time of the corncobs, and the fermentation speed needs to be increased in order to reduce the fermentation time, so that more bagasse needs to be added;
the auxiliary materials comprise 10 to 12 parts of rice bran, 8 to 10 parts of wheat bran and 2 to 3 parts of cane sugar according to the mass parts; compared with wheat bran, the rice bran is easier to adhere to the corncobs, so that the proportion of the rice bran is increased, meanwhile, a more fluffy environment also indicates that the growth speed of the medicinal fungi is also improved, the proportion of the cane sugar in the auxiliary materials is not increased, but the increase of the total proportion of the auxiliary materials also causes the increase of the total proportion of the cane sugar, and the energy can be provided for the medicinal fungi which quickly grow in the initial stage by increasing the amount of the cane sugar;
the filler comprises 4 to 5 parts of gypsum and 1 to 2 parts of magnesium sulfate; because the content of the oil tea camellia theaphragma is reduced, in order to ensure the bacteriostatic ability of the oil tea theaphragma matrix and ensure the sufficient calcium content, calcium carbonate is cancelled, gypsum is used for providing calcium, and the increase of the content of the gypsum can also keep the bacteriostatic ability of the oil tea theaphragma matrix.
The preparation method of the oil tea camellia theaphra substrate comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: mixing corn cobs and bagasse according to mass fraction, crushing the mixture, wherein the crushed particle size is smaller than 5mm, crushing the camellia oleifera abrus separately, the crushed particle size of the camellia oleifera abrus is also smaller than 5mm, then putting the corn cobs and the bagasse into a fermentation tank for fermentation, after the fermentation time reaches half an hour, adding the crushed mixture into the fermentation tank for fermentation, and fermenting for one hour, wherein the corn cobs and the bagasse are fermented firstly, and then the camellia oleifera abrus is fermented, so that on one hand, complete fermentation of the corn cobs can be ensured, further, the corn cobs are absorbed by medicinal bacteria after degradation, and then the camellia oleifera abrus is added, so that complete fermentation of the camellia oleifera abrus can be avoided, a part of the camellia oleifera abrus is left unfermented, the camellia oleifera abrus is fermented in the natural world conveniently, further, the later-stage medicinal bacteria can be provided with nutrition, the temperature is kept at 30-35 ℃ during the fermentation period, after the fermentation is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation, keeping the solid, and drying the material, wherein the drying temperature is kept at 80 +/-5 ℃, the dried material is 8-10%, and the crushed particle size is smaller than 0.5 mm;
step two: dissolving sucrose in deionized water to form sugar water, then mixing and stirring the rice bran and the wheat bran at the stirring speed of about 100r/min, simultaneously pouring the sugar water into the rice bran and the wheat bran, wherein the weight of the sugar water is less than half of the sum of the weights of the rice bran and the wheat bran, mixing and stirring the rice bran, the wheat bran and the sugar water, drying the mixture after uniformly mixing, crushing the dried material at the drying temperature of 100 ℃, and obtaining the crushed material with the particle size of less than 0.5mm, wherein the water content of the dried material is 12-15%;
step three: the oil tea camellia thea fungus matrix can be obtained by mixing the oil tea camellia thea fungus, the auxiliary materials and the filler, sterilizing and packaging the mixture.
According to the invention, the camellia oleifera philips are used as the main material of the fungus substrate, and a certain amount of fat can be contained in the camellia oleifera philips and can form fatty acid after degradation, on one hand, the pH of soil can be slightly lower than 7 by the fatty acid, so that the soil better conforms to the production environment of polyporus umbellatus, on the other hand, the fatty acid can promote the transverse growth of polyporus umbellatus hyphae, so that bacterial colonies are denser, the yield of polyporus umbellatus is increased, on the other hand, the growth speed of polyporus umbellatus can be promoted, the growth cycle of polyporus umbellatus is further reduced, and the collection times of polyporus umbellatus is increased;
the growth speed and yield of the polyporus umbellatus adopting different fungus matrixes are as follows:
| polyporus umbellatus culture environment | Growing for 5 days | Growing for 10 days | Growing for 20 days | Growing for 30 days | Ratio of the yields |
| Sterile matrix | 2cm | 5cm | 15cm | 20cm | 1 |
| Traditional fungus matrix | 3cm | 8cm | 17cm | 20cm | 2.1 |
| Camellia oleifera and thearubiaceae matrix | 4cm | 10cm | 20cm | 20cm | 2.8 |
The table is an 8-month experimental table, wherein a sterile matrix represents the growth of the polyporus under a natural environment, a traditional fungus matrix represents the culture growth of the polyporus in the traditional fungus matrix, a camellia oleifera thea fungus matrix represents the culture growth of the polyporus in the camellia oleifera thea fungus matrix, the growth days represent the height of the polyporus when the polyporus grows to the days, and a yield ratio represents the ratio of the yield of the polyporus under the culture of different fungus matrixes to the yield of the polyporus not cultured in the fungus matrix; the table shows that the yield can be improved and the growth cycle of the polyporus umbellatus can be accelerated by using the fungus medium, the growth cycle of the polyporus umbellatus is 1 month by using the traditional fungus medium, the growth cycle of the polyporus umbellatus can be shortened to 20 days by using the camellia oleifera thea philippine fungus medium, and the yield of the polyporus umbellatus can be greatly improved by using the camellia oleifera thea philippine fungus medium to culture the polyporus umbellatus.
The camellia oleifera philippine of the invention has higher nutritive value, and can improve the medicinal components of the polyporus umbellatus when the polyporus umbellatus is cultured by using the camellia oleifera philippine;
the medicinal components of Polyporus umbellatus adopting different fungus matrixes are compared with the table;
| polyporus umbellatus culture environment | Total yield value (KG) | Medicine weight (KG) | Ratio of medicinal components |
| Sterile matrix | 18.2 | 12.8 | 70.3％ |
| Traditional bacteria matrix | 38.2 | 27.4 | 71.7％ |
| Camellia oleifera and thearubiaceae matrix | 60.0 | 48.2 | 80.3％ |
The table shows the growth of the polyporus under the natural environment, the traditional fungus matrix shows the culture growth of the polyporus in the traditional fungus matrix, the camellia oleifera abel fungus matrix shows the culture growth of the polyporus in the camellia oleifera abel fungus matrix, the total yield shows the yield of the polyporus under different fungus matrices on the land with the same size, the medicine weight shows the weight of the polyporus after being prepared into medicines, and the medicinal component ratio marks the ratio of the medicine weight of the polyporus to the total yield; the table shows that the difference between the medicinal component ratios of the grifola cultured by the traditional fungus medium and the grifola cultured by the aseptic medium is not large, while the medicinal component ratio of the grifola cultured by the oil tea theapu fungus medium is greatly improved, and the medicinal value of the bamboo forest can be greatly improved after the grifola is cultured by the oil tea theapu fungus medium due to the improvement of the yield value of the grifola.
When the polyporus umbellatus is sold, the color of the polyporus umbellatus also needs to be observed, the camellia oleifera philips can inhibit the growth of mixed bacteria, and then the mixed bacteria on the polyporus umbellatus are reduced, so that the color of the polyporus umbellatus is more attractive;
the polyporus umbellatus adopts a color and luster comparison table when different fungus matrixes are adopted;
| polyporus umbellatus culture environment | Growing for 5 days | Growing for 10 days | Growing for 15 days | Growing for 20 days | Growing for 30 days |
| Sterile matrix | Is provided with | 1％ | 3％ | 7％ | 15％ |
| Traditional bacteria matrix | Is composed of | Is provided with | Is provided with | 1％ | 3％ |
| Camellia oleifera and thearubiaceae matrix | Is composed of | Is composed of | Is provided with | Is provided with | 0.2％ |
The table sterile matrix represents the growth of the polyporus umbellatus in a natural environment, the traditional fungus matrix represents the culture growth of the polyporus umbellatus in the traditional fungus matrix, the camellia oleifera thea fungus matrix represents the culture growth of the polyporus umbellatus in the camellia oleifera thea fungus matrix, the growing days represent the number of days when the polyporus umbellatus grows to the days, the color and luster of the polyporus umbellatus can be observed, the mixed fungi begin to appear, but the ratio of the total number of the polyporus umbellatus with the mixed fungi is less than 1%, the mixed fungi do not appear on the polyporus umbellatus, and the table shows that the fungus matrix is used for culturing the polyporus umbellatus, so that the appearance of the mixed fungi can be greatly reduced, in addition, the possibility of the appearance of the mixed fungi can be effectively reduced by using the camellia oleifera thea fungus matrix, and the color and luster of the polyporus umbellatus can be improved.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered to be the basic principles and essential features of the invention and advantages thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, but is capable of other embodiments without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof; the present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not to be construed as limiting the claims.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The oil tea camellia thea philippinarum matrix for culturing the medicinal fungi is characterized in that: comprises 220 to 240 parts of main material, 20 to 40 parts of auxiliary material and 3 to 5 parts of filler according to the mass parts;
the main materials comprise 20-25 parts of oil tea camellia, 3-8 parts of corn cob and 3-5 parts of bagasse in parts by weight;
the auxiliary materials comprise 8-12 parts of rice bran, 8-12 parts of wheat bran and 2-3 parts of cane sugar by mass;
the filler comprises 3-5 parts of gypsum, 0-2 parts of calcium carbonate and 1-2 parts of magnesium sulfate;
the preparation method of the oil tea camellia theaphragmitis substrate comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: crushing the camellia oleifera abrus, the corncobs and the bagasse, then fermenting, after the fermentation is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation, retaining solids, drying and crushing the solids to obtain a main material;
step two: dissolving sucrose in water to form a syrup, mixing rice bran, wheat bran and syrup, stirring, drying, and pulverizing to obtain adjuvants;
step three: the oil tea camellia thea fungus matrix can be obtained by mixing the oil tea camellia thea fungus, the auxiliary materials and the filler, sterilizing and packaging the mixture.
2. The substrate of Thelephora oleifera Abel for culturing medicinal fungi according to claim 1, wherein: the main materials comprise, by mass, 23-25 parts of camellia oleifera abel, 3-5 parts of corncobs and 3-4 parts of bagasse;
the auxiliary materials comprise 8-10 parts of rice bran, 10-12 parts of wheat bran and 2-3 parts of cane sugar by mass;
the filler comprises 3-4 parts of gypsum, 1-2 parts of calcium carbonate and 1-2 parts of magnesium sulfate.
3. The substrate of Thelephora ananatis for culturing medicinal fungi of claim 2, wherein: in the first step, before the camellia oleifera tea pumps, the corn cobs and the bagasse are crushed, the camellia oleifera tea pumps, the corn cobs and the bagasse are mixed, and after the mixing is finished, the camellia oleifera tea pumps, the corn cobs and the bagasse are crushed.
4. The substrate of Thelephora ananatis for culturing medicinal fungi of claim 1, wherein: the main materials comprise, by mass, 20-23 parts of oil tea camellia, 5-8 parts of corncobs and 4-5 parts of bagasse;
the auxiliary materials comprise 10-12 parts of rice bran, 8-10 parts of wheat bran and 2-3 parts of cane sugar by mass;
the filler comprises 4-5 parts of gypsum and 1-2 parts of magnesium sulfate.
5. The substrate of Thelephora oleifera Abel for culturing medicinal fungi according to claim 4, wherein: in the first step, before the camellia oleifera tea pumps, the corn cobs and the bagasse are crushed, the corn cobs and the bagasse are mixed and then crushed, and then the camellia oleifera tea pumps are independently crushed.
6. The substrate of Thelephora oleifera Abel for culturing medicinal fungi according to claim 4, wherein: during fermentation in the first step, the corn cobs and the bagasse are placed in a fermentation tank for fermentation, and after half an hour, the camellia oleifera tea is added in the fermentation tank for fermentation.
7. The substrate of Thelephora oleifera Abel for culturing medicinal fungi according to claim 1, wherein: the water content of the main material in the first step is 8-12%, and the water content of the auxiliary material in the second step is 12-15%.
8. The substrate of Thelephora ananatis for culturing medicinal fungi of claim 1, wherein: in the first crushing, the particle size of the crushed auxiliary material is less than 5mm, in the second crushing, the particle size of the crushed auxiliary material is less than 0.5mm, and the particle size of the auxiliary material obtained in the second crushing is less than 0.5mm.
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