CN103420731A - Compatibility of ganoderma lucidum cultivation material and preparation method of ganoderma lucidum cultivation material - Google Patents
Compatibility of ganoderma lucidum cultivation material and preparation method of ganoderma lucidum cultivation material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ganoderma lucidum cultivation material. The ganoderma lucidum cultivation material is characterized in that tea seed shells and tea seed wraps serve as main raw materials, bagasse, rice bran, tea seed meal, corn flour, calcium superphosphate, gypsum powder, lime powder and the like serve as auxiliary materials, and the water content of the ganoderma lucidum cultivation material is 63%-65%. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the ganoderma lucidum cultivation material. The ganoderma lucidum cultivation material and the preparation method of the ganoderma lucidum cultivation material have the advantages that due to the fact that natural stacking fermentation processing is carried out on the tea seed shells and the tea seed wraps, poisonous bacteriostatic substances are removed, macromolecule substances are degraded, absorption of ganoderma lucidum hyphae is facilitated, and the ganoderma lucidum hyphae grow vigorously; the ganoderma lucidum cultivation material is reasonable in ratio, hypha materials are good in ventilation performance and good in water retention, the yield of the ganoderma lucidum is high, and the biological efficiency of dried ganoderma lucidum is 13.4%-14.2%; the sources of cultivation raw materials are increased, and production cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
Content of the present invention comprises cultivation of glossy ganoderma material compatibility, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to the fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma, claim again Ganoderma Lucidum, Ganoderma, Ganoderma lucidum seu Japonicum, is a kind of rare Chinese medicine in China's medical treasure-house, is collection health care and the medicinal edible mushrooms for the whole body.
The middle and high warm type wood-decay fungi of Ganoderma, its artificial culture materials mostly are deciduous tree weed tree sawdust, cotton seed hulls etc. at present, but nowadays, " bacterium-Lin " contradiction, the price continuous rise of cotton seed hulls, the cultivation cost is more and more higher, so each production unit is all attached great importance to looking for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Oil tea is China distinctive woody edible oil material seeds, with Fructus oleae europaeae, oil palm, coconut and be called the large traditional oil tree in the world four.China is that oil tea output is the highest in the world, the country the widest, that kind is maximum distributes.The oil tea cultivated area of China and tea seed output account for global 95% left and right, and all the other 5% are distributed in minority Southeast Asian countries and regions.
Camellia oleifera fruit is spherical in shape, oblate, olive shape, diameter 3cm-4cm, and the thick and lignifying of fruit lobe, including seed (1-4 grain) is tea seed, and tea seed is dark brown or black, and triangular shape is glossy.After testing, in camellia oleifera fruit, tea Pu (shell) accounts for 60%, and tea seed accounts for 40%; In tea seed, tea seed shell (kind shell) accounts for 1/3, and tea seed kernel accounts for 2/3.The existing oil tea cultivated area in the whole nation reaches 4,000,000 hm
2Produce camellia oleifera fruit per year and reach more than 560 ten thousand t, this will bring oil-tea camellia husks, the tea seed shell of more than 70 ten thousand t, the 50000 t leached tea oil slags of more than 300 ten thousand t, huge quantity like this, also little for the ratio of processing, most tea Pu, tea seed shell are used as fuel and are burnt, or be dropped, the leached tea oil slag bitter all goes out of use basically, and the shell that these abandon, plants shell, dregs of rice cake after degraded, can pollute atmosphere, water source and ecotope.
Tea Pu, its moiety complexity of tea seed shell, rich cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen, crude protein etc., these materials, can grow essential carbon source, nitrogenous source is provided for edible fungi growth.But it also contains tannin, grease, can suppress the growth of hypha of edible fungus, therefore must effectively process, make these antibacterial substances be decomposed and volatilize.The method of processing comprises: pile up ageing, biological fermentation etc.
Utilize tea Pu, these tankage of tea seed shell to substitute woods material cultivating ganoderma, be not only this behave of falling of an Edible Fungi, but also be a circular agriculture and environmental protection cause behave.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind ofly take the cultivation of glossy ganoderma material compatibility that tea Pu, tea seed shell be main raw material
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of cultivation of glossy ganoderma material compatibility, following component and quality proportioning are arranged: tea seed shell bits 25%-35%, tea Pu bits 20%-30%, bagasse 20%, rice bran 15%, leached tea oil slag 5%, Semen Maydis powder 2%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
Tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits: tea seed shell dries, is ground into the particle of particle diameter 2mm-3mm; The particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm is dried, is ground into to the tea Pu; Tea seed shell bits, the fermentation of tea Pu bits natural packing (are piled to high 2m, keep windrow moistening, turning in every two months once, the composting time is more than 8 months), to eliminate tannin wherein, grease etc. to hypha of edible fungus harmful material of growing, after composting finishes, tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits are dried, standby.In tea seed shell, xylogen accounts for 52.10%, and carbohydrate accounts for 30.60%; In the tea Pu, xylogen accounts for 43.35%, and carbohydrate accounts for 28.36%.
Bagasse: sugarcane is pressed sugar remaining waste residue afterwards, after drying, is white in color or yellow-white, and sugared aromatising flavour is arranged, and the thick slag of belt leather must be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm.The main component of bagasse is approximately 50% Mierocrystalline cellulose, 30% hemicellulose, 15% xylogen and a little ash content, crude protein and soluble sugar.
Rice bran: be to be attached to the entry material on brown rice after rice hulling.Contain 12.5% crude protein and a large amount of somatomedins in rice bran.
Leached tea oil slag: tea seed squeezes remaining slag after tea oil.In leached tea oil slag, the robust fibre amount accounts for 9.4%, and crude protein quantity accounts for 25.8%.
Semen Maydis powder: as available nutrient, promote the mycelia Fast Growth, can be again the glossy ganoderma growth vitamin H etc. is provided.
Calcium superphosphate: containing effective P
2O
514%-20% (wherein 80%-95% is water-soluble) is water soluble quick-acting phosphate fertilizer.
Lime powder, terra alba: regulate, stablize the planting material potential of hydrogen, increase calcium, sulphur nutritive ingredient.
The making method of planting material, comprise the steps:
1. prewet: tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits, bagasse siccative are mixed thoroughly, with liming (lime powder is dissolved in the water) 2h that prewets, made the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
2. spice: first rice bran, leached tea oil slag, Semen Maydis powder, calcium superphosphate, terra alba siccative are mixed thoroughly, then joined in the compound of having prewetted, then slowly add water, the limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;
3. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
4. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, (after discharge cold air), keep 10h-12h, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Planting material is after the access bacterial classification, the plastics stopper is changed into to tampon, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃-24 ℃, humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 30d-32d, mycelia is covered with pocket, and the method that adopts outdoor cool canopy earthing to go out sesame is gone out the sesame management.
It is main raw material that tea seed shell, tea Pu are take in the present invention, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as bagasse, rice bran, leached tea oil slag, Semen Maydis powder, calcium superphosphate, terra alba, lime powder, makes the cultivation of glossy ganoderma material.Its advantage is: the one, and tea seed shell, tea Pu, through the natural packing fermentative processing, had both been removed poisonous bacteriostatics, made again the macromolecular substance degraded, were conducive to the absorption of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium, and the mycelia growing way is vigorous; The 2nd, the planting material reasonable ratio, bacterium material good permeability, water-retentivity are strong, and glossy ganoderma output is high, and biological efficiency (dry sesame meter) reaches 13.4%-14.2%; The 3rd, widened the culturing raw material channel, greatly reduce production cost.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, the cultivation of glossy ganoderma material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea seed shell bits 25%, tea Pu bits 30%, bagasse 20%, rice bran 15%, leached tea oil slag 5%, Semen Maydis powder 2%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. prewet: tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits, bagasse siccative are mixed thoroughly, with liming (lime powder is dissolved in the water) 2h that prewets, made the water content of mixture remain on 55%;
2. spice: first rice bran, leached tea oil slag, Semen Maydis powder, calcium superphosphate, terra alba siccative are mixed thoroughly, then joined in the compound of having prewetted, then slowly add water, the limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of planting material remain on 65%;
3. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
4. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, (after discharge cold air), keep 10h, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Planting material, after the access bacterial classification, is changed into tampon by the plastics stopper, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature is controlled at 24 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 65%, through the cultivation of 30d, mycelia is covered with pocket, and the method that adopts outdoor cool canopy earthing to go out sesame is gone out the sesame management.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, the cultivation of glossy ganoderma material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea seed shell bits 30%, tea Pu bits 25%, bagasse 20%, rice bran 15%, leached tea oil slag 5%, Semen Maydis powder 2%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, the cultivation of glossy ganoderma material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea seed shell bits 35%, tea Pu bits 20%, bagasse 20%, rice bran 15%, leached tea oil slag 5%, Semen Maydis powder 2%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
The impact of the planting material of table different modes on the glossy ganoderma biological efficiency
Claims (9)
1. a cultivation of glossy ganoderma material, it is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: tea seed shell bits 25%-35%, tea Pu bits 20%-30%, bagasse 20%, rice bran 15%, leached tea oil slag 5%, Semen Maydis powder 2%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
2. a kind of cultivation of glossy ganoderma material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described tea seed shell bits are the particle that tea seed shell dried, was ground into particle diameter 2mm-3mm.
3. a kind of cultivation of glossy ganoderma material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described tea Pu bits dry, are ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm for the tea Pu.
4. a kind of cultivation of glossy ganoderma material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits, must through the natural packing fermentation, (pile high 2m, keep windrow moistening, once, the composting time is more than 8 months in turning in every two months), to eliminate tannin wherein, grease etc. to hypha of edible fungus harmful material of growing, after composting finishes, tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits are dried.
5. a kind of cultivation of glossy ganoderma material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described bagasse is that sugarcane is pressed sugar remaining waste residue afterwards, after drying, is white in color or yellow-white, and sugared aromatising flavour is arranged, and the thick slag of belt leather must be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm.
6. a kind of cultivation of glossy ganoderma material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described rice bran is to be attached to the entry material on brown rice after rice hulling.
7. a kind of cultivation of glossy ganoderma material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described leached tea oil slag is that tea seed squeezes remaining slag after tea oil.
8. the making method of the cultivation of glossy ganoderma material described in a claim 1-7 is characterized in that:
1. prewet: tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits, bagasse siccative are mixed thoroughly, with liming (lime powder is dissolved in the water) 2h that prewets, made the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
2. spice: first rice bran, leached tea oil slag, Semen Maydis powder, calcium superphosphate, terra alba siccative are mixed thoroughly, then joined in the compound of having prewetted, then slowly add water, the limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;
3. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
4. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, (after discharge cold air), keep 10h-12h, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
9. utilize the cultivation of glossy ganoderma material described in claim 1-8, after it is characterized in that accessing bacterial classification, the plastics stopper is changed into to tampon, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃-24 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 30d-32d, mycelia is covered with pocket, and the method that adopts outdoor cool canopy earthing to go out sesame is gone out the sesame management.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104030848A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-10 | 桂林丰茂源农业技术开发有限公司 | Lucid ganoderma substitute cultivation medium with trollflower |
| CN104672000A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-06-03 | 邬方成 | Manufacturing method of ganoderma lucidum cultivation material |
| CN104744144A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of lucid ganoderma cultivation material |
| CN104744143A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of lucid ganoderma cultivation material |
| CN104744145A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of lucid ganoderma cultivation material |
| CN106045721A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2016-10-26 | 甘甲亮 | Culture medium and method for cultivating lucid ganoderma by sugarcane tips |
| CN106613353A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-10 | 武夷山元生泰生物科技有限公司 | Ganoderma planting method with grape trees as cultivation material |
| CN109673385A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-04-26 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所 | A kind of tea resource substituting stuff cultivation ganoderma lucidum formula |
| CN111527986A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-08-14 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for planting ganoderma lucidum wood-segment fungus sticks made of camellia oleifera branches in camellia oleifera forest |
| CN115517132A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2022-12-27 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Camellia oleifera and Thelephora angustifolia medium for culturing medicinal fungi |
| CN115530005A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2022-12-30 | 韶关市五马寨菌业有限公司 | Method for tissue culture and rapid propagation of sweet ganoderma lucidum |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104030848A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-10 | 桂林丰茂源农业技术开发有限公司 | Lucid ganoderma substitute cultivation medium with trollflower |
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| CN104744144A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of lucid ganoderma cultivation material |
| CN104744143A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of lucid ganoderma cultivation material |
| CN104744145A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of lucid ganoderma cultivation material |
| CN106045721A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2016-10-26 | 甘甲亮 | Culture medium and method for cultivating lucid ganoderma by sugarcane tips |
| CN106613353A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-10 | 武夷山元生泰生物科技有限公司 | Ganoderma planting method with grape trees as cultivation material |
| CN109673385A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-04-26 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所 | A kind of tea resource substituting stuff cultivation ganoderma lucidum formula |
| CN111527986A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-08-14 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for planting ganoderma lucidum wood-segment fungus sticks made of camellia oleifera branches in camellia oleifera forest |
| CN111527986B (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2021-11-09 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for planting ganoderma lucidum wood-segment fungus sticks made of camellia oleifera branches in camellia oleifera forest |
| CN115530005A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2022-12-30 | 韶关市五马寨菌业有限公司 | Method for tissue culture and rapid propagation of sweet ganoderma lucidum |
| CN115517132A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2022-12-27 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Camellia oleifera and Thelephora angustifolia medium for culturing medicinal fungi |
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