CN103539576A - Method for preparing pleurotus geesteranus cultivation material by utilizing sugarcane leaves and leaf tips - Google Patents
Method for preparing pleurotus geesteranus cultivation material by utilizing sugarcane leaves and leaf tips Download PDFInfo
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- CN103539576A CN103539576A CN201310568484.5A CN201310568484A CN103539576A CN 103539576 A CN103539576 A CN 103539576A CN 201310568484 A CN201310568484 A CN 201310568484A CN 103539576 A CN103539576 A CN 103539576A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention provides a pleurotus geesteranus cultivation material. The cultivation material is characterized by taking sugarcane leaves and leaf tips as main raw materials and corncobs, rice bran, lime powder, urea, calcium superphosphate, gypsum powder and the like as auxiliary materials, wherein the water content of the cultivation material is 63-65%. The invention also provides a preparation method of the cultivation material. The cultivation material has the advantages that I. through sunlight exposure, lime water pre-wetting and aerated stacking fermentation carried out on the sugarcane leaves and tips, macromolecular substances such as crude fibers and the like are decomposed into simple substances beneficial to absorption of pleurotus geesteranus hyphae, thus promoting growth of the pleurotus geesteranus hyphae; II. the cultivation material is reasonable in proportioning and balanced in nutrition, so that the pleurotus geesteranus has good growth vigour, high yield and biological efficiency of 98.3-115.2%; III. not only is a solution provided for harmless treatment of sugarcane leaves but also a new matrix is found for pleurotus geesteranus cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention utilizes Sugarcane Leaves and blade tip to make Pleurotus geesteranus planting material, comprises the compatibility of planting material, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Pleurotus geesteranus, sporophore individuality is petite, and profile is beautiful, and size is more even, and quality is fine and close soft, and stem fibrosis is low, and mouthfeel is more smooth, and unique flavor, and storage tolerance is good, is on domestic and international market, to develop rare edible mushrooms rapidly.
Pleurotus geesteranus is the wood-decay fungi that a kind of vitality is very strong, energy decomposition of cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen etc.Traditional Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation, people mainly concentrate on wood chip, cotton seed hulls etc. to the use of raw material, but nowadays, " bacterium-Lin " contradiction, the price continuous rise of cotton seed hulls, cultivation cost is more and more higher, so each production unit is all attached great importance to looking for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
China is cane planting big country, since two thousand, keeps the position of sugarcane acreage and ultimate production third place in the world always.Sugarcane Leaves and blade tip are the residue wastes after harvesting sugarcane, and 15%, 2008 year China's Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf ultimate production that whole sugarcane leaves of harvesting sugarcane phase, sugarcane tip dry weight are about biological yield dry weight reaches 1873.8 ten thousand t.The raw material resources that this is huge, its utilization ratio is less than 20%, and main processing mode is that burn in direct field now, brings thus the many hidden danger to aspects such as environment and safety.In China, can see that every year government forbids the bulletin that burn in sugarcane leaf field.
According to surveying and determination, the fat that sugarcane blade tip (air-dry thing) contains robust fibre 32.45%, crude protein 7.13%, total sugar (sucrose, reducing sugar) 32%, mineral substance 5.42% and some amount, starch, VITAMIN, enzyme etc.Sugarcane Mature Leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are about 1.5%, 0.23% and 0.55%.The sugarcane tip, sugarcane leaf contain the needed nutritive element of cultivation Pleurotus geesteranus, can be used as the culturing raw material of Pleurotus geesteranus.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind ofly take the Pleurotus geesteranus planting material compatibility that Sugarcane Leaves and blade tip be main raw material
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A planting material compatibility, has following component and quality proportioning: Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf (blade and blade tip) 50%-60%, corn cob 20%-30%, rice bran 15%, lime powder 2%, urea 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, is all the quality of dry-matter, and proportioning sum is 100%.
Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf: after harvesting sugarcane, collect fresh sugarcane leaf, the sugarcane tip, be exposed to the sun dry, preserve standby.
Corn cob: through drying, be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm.Add corn cob both to improve planting material sugar and vitamin contents, strengthened again water retention capacity.
Rice bran: be to be attached to the entry material on brown rice after rice hulling.In rice bran, contain 12.5% crude protein and a large amount of somatomedins.
Lime powder, terra alba: regulate, stablize planting material potential of hydrogen, increase calcium, sulphur nutritive ingredient.
Calcium superphosphate: be water soluble quick-acting phosphate fertilizer, phosphorus, sulphur nutritive ingredient are provided.
Urea: nitrogenous source is provided.Suitable carbon-nitrogen ratio, contributes to microorganism fermentation to decompose, and improves the ferment effect of windrow.
The making method of planting material, comprises the steps:
1. Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf is prewetted: Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf is ground into the long chip of 0.5cm-1cm, with 2% liming, waters pouring, wait Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf to have thorough grasp after water, directly build heap;
2. build heap: the first sheathing leaf of prewetting is piled to high 1.5m-1.8m, wide 2.3m-2.5m, the long trapezoidal heap that is no less than 5m, after simultaneously urea is water-soluble, sprinkle in material, pile up complete, the heap end, is while having a small amount of water to ooze out, show water yield optimum, finally cover straw mat and (before building heap or during turning, first in bottom, put two Mao bamboo tubes by its spontaneous fermentation, and every 1m, insert the waddy of a diameter 15cm, after building up heap, extract Mao bamboo tube and waddy out simultaneously, form the passage communicating up and down, increase the inside and outside gaseous interchange amount of stockpile, be conducive to expect that interior beneficial microorganism is movable, to improve fermented quality),
3. turning: turning interval time is 6,5,4,3 days, turning is 3 times altogether, time remaining 16d-18d, during each turning, the Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf material on side is ploughed under to heap center, during turning for the first time, add whole terra albas, during turning for the second time, add whole calcium superphosphate (smashing to pieces as finely powdered), during last turning, add whole corn cobs, rice bran, water content depending on windrow during turning keeps the skin wet, and while stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g, puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
5. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharge cold air), keeps 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Planting material, after access bacterial classification, is changed into tampon by plastics stopper, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃-24 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 26d-28d, mycelia is covered with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
It is main raw material that Sugarcane Leaves and blade tip are take in the present invention, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as corn cob, rice bran, lime powder, urea, calcium superphosphate, terra alba, makes Pleurotus geesteranus planting material.Its advantage is: the one, and sugarcane leaf, the sugarcane tip pass through sunlight exposure, liming is prewetted and the windrow fermentation of ventilating, and the macromolecular substance such as robust fibre are decomposed into and are conducive to the simple material that oyster mushroom pieces absorbs, and have promoted the growth of oyster mushroom pieces; The 2nd, planting material reasonable ratio, balanced in nutrition, Pleurotus geesteranus growing way is good, and output is high, and its biological efficiency reaches 98.3%-115.2%; The 3rd, not only the harmless treatment for Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf provides a terms of settlement, also for a kind of new matrix has been found in Pleurotus geesteranus cultivation.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, Pleurotus geesteranus planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf (blade and blade tip) 50%, corn cob 30%, rice bran 15%, lime powder 2%, urea 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, is all the quality of dry-matter, and proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf is prewetted: Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf is ground into the long chip of 0.5cm-1cm, with 2% liming, waters pouring, wait Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf to have thorough grasp after water, directly build heap;
2. build heap: the first sheathing leaf of prewetting is piled to high 1.5m, wide 2.3m, the trapezoidal heap of long 5m, after simultaneously urea is water-soluble, sprinkle in material, pile up complete, the heap end, has a small amount of water to ooze out, finally cover straw mat and (before building heap or during turning, first in bottom, put two Mao bamboo tubes by its spontaneous fermentation, and every 1m, insert the waddy of a diameter 15cm, after building up heap, extract Mao bamboo tube and waddy out simultaneously, form the passage communicating up and down, increase the inside and outside gaseous interchange amount of stockpile, be conducive to expect that interior beneficial microorganism is movable, to improve fermented quality);
3. turning: turning interval time is 6,5,4,3 days, turning is 3 times altogether, time remaining 18d, during each turning, the Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf material on side is ploughed under to heap center, during turning for the first time, add whole terra albas, during turning for the second time, add whole calcium superphosphate (smashing to pieces as finely powdered), during last turning, add whole corn cobs, rice bran, water content depending on windrow during turning keeps the skin wet, and while stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g, puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
5. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharge cold air), keeps 10h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Planting material, after access bacterial classification, is changed into tampon by plastics stopper, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, and temperature is controlled at 22 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 60%, and through the cultivation of 28d, mycelia is covered with pocket, enters management of producing mushroom.The biological efficiency of Pleurotus geesteranus reaches 115.2%.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, Pleurotus geesteranus planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf (blade and blade tip) 55%, corn cob 25%, rice bran 15%, lime powder 2%, urea 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, is all the quality of dry-matter, and proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.The biological efficiency of Pleurotus geesteranus reaches 110.0%.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, Pleurotus geesteranus planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf (blade and blade tip) 60%, corn cob 20%, rice bran 15%, lime powder 2%, urea 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, is all the quality of dry-matter, and proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.The biological efficiency of Pleurotus geesteranus reaches 98.3%.
The impact of the planting material of table different modes on Pleurotus geesteranus biological efficiency
Claims (6)
1. a Pleurotus geesteranus planting material, is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf (blade and blade tip) 50%-60%, corn cob 20%-30%, rice bran 15%, lime powder 2%, urea 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, is all the quality of dry-matter, and proportioning sum is 100%.
2. a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that the blade that described Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf peels while being harvesting sugarcane, the blade tip of cutting off, dry through being exposed to the sun, and preserves standby.
3. a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described corn cob particle diameter is controlled at 4mm-5mm.
4. a kind of Pleurotus geesteranus planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described rice bran is to be attached to the entry material on brown rice after rice hulling.
5. a making method for the Pleurotus geesteranus planting material described in claim 1-4, is characterized in that:
1. Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf is prewetted: Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf is ground into the long chip of 0.5cm-1cm, with 2% liming, waters pouring, wait Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf to have thorough grasp after water, directly build heap;
2. build heap: the first sheathing leaf of prewetting is piled to high 1.5m-1.8m, wide 2.3m-2.5m, the long trapezoidal heap that is no less than 5m, after simultaneously urea is water-soluble, sprinkle in material, pile up complete, the heap end, is while having a small amount of water to ooze out, show water yield optimum, finally cover straw mat and (before building heap or during turning, first in bottom, put two Mao bamboo tubes by its spontaneous fermentation, and every 1m, insert the waddy of a diameter 15cm, after building up heap, extract Mao bamboo tube and waddy out simultaneously, form the passage communicating up and down, increase the inside and outside gaseous interchange amount of stockpile, be conducive to expect that interior beneficial microorganism is movable, to improve fermented quality),
3. turning: turning interval time is 6,5,4,3 days, turning is 3 times altogether, time remaining 16d-18d, during each turning, the Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf material on side is ploughed under to heap center, during turning for the first time, add whole terra albas, during turning for the second time, add whole calcium superphosphate (smashing to pieces as finely powdered), during last turning, add whole corn cobs, rice bran, water content depending on windrow during turning keeps the skin wet, and while stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;
4. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g, puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
5. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharge cold air), keeps 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
6. utilize the Pleurotus geesteranus planting material described in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that accessing after bacterial classification, plastics stopper is changed into tampon, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃-24 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 26d-28d, mycelia is covered with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103858670A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-06-18 | 韦承梭 | Method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus |
| CN104584875A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-06 | 邬金梅 | Pleurotus geesteranus cultivating method |
| CN104628472A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-05-20 | 邬方成 | Manufacturing method for pleurotus geesteranus cultivation material |
| CN104744154A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing pleurotus geesteranus compost |
| CN104744153A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing pleurotus geesteranus compost |
| CN104744152A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing pleurotus geesteranus compost |
| CN105967773A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-09-28 | 中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所 | Compost for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus and method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus |
| CN107434670A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-12-05 | 罗华 | A kind of new elegant precious mushroom planting material |
| CN109418004A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-03-05 | 罗旭 | With the method for sugarcane top cultivation phoenix-tail mushroom |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103858670A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-06-18 | 韦承梭 | Method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus |
| CN104628472A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-05-20 | 邬方成 | Manufacturing method for pleurotus geesteranus cultivation material |
| CN104584875A (en) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-06 | 邬金梅 | Pleurotus geesteranus cultivating method |
| CN104744154A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing pleurotus geesteranus compost |
| CN104744153A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing pleurotus geesteranus compost |
| CN104744152A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing pleurotus geesteranus compost |
| CN105967773A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-09-28 | 中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所 | Compost for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus and method for cultivating pleurotus geesteranus |
| CN107434670A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2017-12-05 | 罗华 | A kind of new elegant precious mushroom planting material |
| CN109418004A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-03-05 | 罗旭 | With the method for sugarcane top cultivation phoenix-tail mushroom |
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