CN103553804A - Method for preparing oyster mushroom cultivation material from sheathing leaves of zizania aquatica - Google Patents
Method for preparing oyster mushroom cultivation material from sheathing leaves of zizania aquatica Download PDFInfo
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- CN103553804A CN103553804A CN201310531855.2A CN201310531855A CN103553804A CN 103553804 A CN103553804 A CN 103553804A CN 201310531855 A CN201310531855 A CN 201310531855A CN 103553804 A CN103553804 A CN 103553804A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oyster mushroom cultivation material. The oyster mushroom cultivation material is characterized that the sheathing leaves of zizania aquatic are taken as a main raw material and are matched with auxiliary materials including cotton seed hull, saw dust, bran, lime powder, urea, calcium superphosphate, gypsum powder and the like, and the water content of the cultivation material is 63%-65%. The invention further discloses a production method of the cultivation material. The oyster mushroom cultivation material has the advantages that firstly, after the sheathing leaves of zizania aquatic are subjected to sun exposure, limewater soaking and stacking fermentation, macromolecule substances including cellulose, hemicellulose and the like are decomposed into simple substances easily absorbed by the mycelium of oyster mushroom, so that the growth of the mycelium of oyster mushroom is promoted; secondly, the cultivation material is reasonable in proportion and is nutritionally balanced, the growth vigor of oyster mushrooms is good, the mushroom bodies are large, the yield is high, and the biological efficiency reaches 138.2%-145.1%; thirdly, a solution is provided for the innocent treatment of the sheathing leaves of zizania aquatic, and furthermore, a novel matrix is found for the culturing of the oyster mushroom.
Description
Technical field
The present invention utilizes Jiaobai leaf to make Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material, comprises the compatibility of planting material, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Flat mushroom belongs to Mycophyta, Basidiomycotina, Agaricales ,Bai mushroom section, pleurotus, is to cultivate edible mushrooms widely.Flat mushroom is containing abundant nutritive ingredient, and every 100g dry product contains protein 20g-23g, amino acid A wide selection of colours and designs, and content of mineral substances is abundant, has good food, pharmaceutical use.
The ability of hypha of Pleurotus ostreatus decomposing organic matter matter is strong, wide adaptability.Traditional mushroom cultivation, people mainly concentrate on wood chip, cotton seed hulls, straw, straw etc. to the use of raw material, but the continuous expansion along with mushroom cultivation area, these traditional culturing raw material are day by day in short supply, price continuous rise, so each production unit is all attached great importance to and is looked for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Wild rice stem is the important aquatic vegetable of China, and since the nineties in 20th century, along with the adjustment of agricultural planting structure, China's wild rice stem industry is fast-developing, and cultural area expands, and reaches ，Bei Zhi Heilungkiang, Taiwan in the south, and especially the cultivation of the Taihu Lake basin of Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces at most.Current national wild rice stem cultivated area 6.7hm
2, become the agricultural specialty industry in some small towns, there is professional town, township, the village of many big area scales plantation wild rice stems, become the new highlight of profitable agriculture.Wild rice stem plant is tall and big, has huge biological yield.By wild rice stem fleshy stem, leaf sheath, the blade together with top gathers common peasant, in market or process place and wild rice stem is connected to shell cut off sale, the first sheathing leaf on top is in heaps is discarded in the ground such as the edge of a field, roadside, stream, or by its burning, or let alone to rot, cause serious environmental pollution and the wasting of resources.According to a preliminary estimate, every 667m
2more than hay field can be produced the bright stalk quality of wild rice stem 5000 kg every year, the bright quality of Jiaobai leaf of the annual waste in the whole nation is more than 5,000,000 t.
Wild rice stem is grass, and the contained nutritive ingredient of its first sheathing leaf is similar with the paddy and wheat grass that is all grass.According to surveying and determination, dry Jiaobai leaf is containing crude protein 9.23%-14.3%, robust fibre 41.7%-46.4%, and total reducing sugar 4.3%-5.37%, also contains full nitrogen 3.70%, full phosphorus 0.50%, full potassium 2.10%.Jiaobai leaf contains the needed nutritive element of cultivating white mushroom, is the more satisfactory raw material of cultivating white mushroom.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind ofly take the Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material compatibility that Jiaobai leaf is main raw material
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A compatibility, has following component and quality proportioning: Jiaobai leaf 45%-55%, and cotton seed hulls 10%-20%, wood chip 15%, wheat bran 14%, lime powder 3%, urea 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, is all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.
Jiaobai leaf: after wild rice stem is gathered, cut off leaf sheath and blade that wild rice stem expands more than stem, through sunlight exposure, dry standby.
Wheat bran: wheat is separated wheat cortex in processing flour process.Wheat bran contains abundant enzyme system, protein, carbohydrate, VITAMIN and mineral substance etc.
Urea: nitrogenous source is provided.Suitable carbon-nitrogen ratio, contributes to microorganism fermentation to decompose, and improves the ferment effect of windrow.
Calcium superphosphate: be water soluble quick-acting phosphate fertilizer, phosphorus, sulphur nutritive ingredient are provided.
Lime, terra alba: potential of hydrogen calcareous, modification stability planting material is provided.
The making method of planting material, comprises the steps:
1. first sheathing leaf is prewetted: before windrow, Jiaobai leaf is ground into the long segment of 2cm-3cm, then with 3% liming, soaks, soak time is 30h-36h, pulls out thereafter and drains Yu Shui, directly builds heap;
2. build heap: first sheathing leaf is piled to high 1.4m-1.5m, wide 2m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, sprinkles in material after simultaneously urea is water-soluble, pile up complete, the heap end,, while having a small amount of water to ooze out, shows water yield optimum, finally covers straw mat and (before building heap, first in bottom, puts two large bamboo poles by its spontaneous fermentation, and insert a waddy every 2m, after building up heap, extract large bamboo pole and waddy out simultaneously, form the passage communicating up and down, to guarantee fermented quality);
3. turning: build after heap, every 3d turning 1 time, during each turning, the first sheathing leaf material on side is ploughed under to heap center, turning is 3-4 time altogether, time remaining 12d-15d, during turning for the first time, add terra alba, during turning for the second time, add calcium superphosphate, during last turning, add cotton seed hulls, wood chip, wheat bran, and keep the skin wet depending on the water content of windrow, while stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%.
The planting material fermenting, after heat radiation, can directly spread furrow, sowing, carries out cultivation in raw material.
The present invention be take Jiaobai leaf as main raw material, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as cotton seed hulls, wood chip, wheat bran, lime powder, urea, calcium superphosphate, terra alba, makes Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material.Its advantage is: the one, and Jiaobai leaf soaks through sunlight exposure, liming and heap fermentation is processed, and the macromolecular substance such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose is decomposed into and is conducive to the simple material that hypha of Pleurotus ostreatus absorbs, and has promoted the growth of hypha of Pleurotus ostreatus; The 2nd, planting material reasonable ratio, balanced in nutrition, flat mushroom growing way is good, and mushroom body is large, and output is high, and its biological efficiency reaches 138.2%-145.1%; The 3rd, not only the harmless treatment for Jiaobai leaf provides a terms of settlement, also for mushroom cultivation has found a kind of new matrix.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Jiaobai leaf 45%, cotton seed hulls 20%, wood chip 15%, wheat bran 14%, lime powder 3%, urea 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, is all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. first sheathing leaf is prewetted: before windrow, Jiaobai leaf is ground into the long segment of 2cm-3cm, then with 3% liming, soaks, soak time is 30h, pulls out thereafter and drains Yu Shui, directly builds heap;
2. build heap: first sheathing leaf is piled to high 1.5m, the trapezoidal heap of wide 2m, after simultaneously urea is water-soluble, sprinkle in material, pile up completely, the heap end, has a small amount of water to ooze out, show water yield optimum, finally covering straw mat (first puts two large bamboo poles before building heap, and inserts a waddy every 2m, extract large bamboo pole and waddy out after building up heap simultaneously by its spontaneous fermentation in bottom, form the passage communicating up and down, to guarantee fermented quality);
3. turning: build after heap, every 3d turning 1 time, during each turning, the first sheathing leaf material on side is ploughed under to heap center, turning is 4 times altogether, time remaining 15d, during turning for the first time, add terra alba, during turning for the second time, add calcium superphosphate, during last turning, add cotton seed hulls, wood chip, wheat bran, and keep the skin wet depending on the water content of windrow, while stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%.
The planting material fermenting, after heat radiation, directly spreads furrow, sowing, carries out cultivation in raw material.The biological efficiency of flat mushroom reaches 145.1%.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Jiaobai leaf 50%, cotton seed hulls 15%, wood chip 15%, wheat bran 14%, lime powder 3%, urea 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, is all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.The biological efficiency of flat mushroom reaches 142.5%.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Jiaobai leaf 55%, cotton seed hulls 10%, wood chip 15%, wheat bran 14%, lime powder 3%, urea 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, is all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.The biological efficiency of flat mushroom reaches 138.2%.
The impact of the planting material of table different modes on flat mushroom biological efficiency
Claims (5)
1. a Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material, is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: Jiaobai leaf 45%-55%, cotton seed hulls 10%-20%, wood chip 15%, wheat bran 14%, lime powder 3%, urea 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, terra alba 1%, is all the quality of dry-matter, and proportioning sum is 100%.
2. a kind of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described Jiaobai leaf is after wild rice stem is gathered, and cuts off leaf sheath and blade that wild rice stem expands more than stem, after drying, is ground into the long segment of 2cm-3cm.
3. a kind of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described wheat bran is by wheat separated wheat cortex in processing flour process.
4. a making method for the Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material described in claim 1-3, is characterized in that:
1. first sheathing leaf is prewetted: before windrow, Jiaobai leaf is ground into the long segment of 2cm-3cm, then with 3% liming, soaks, soak time is 30h-36h, pulls out thereafter and drains Yu Shui, directly builds heap;
2. build heap: first sheathing leaf is piled to high 1.4m-1.5m, wide 2m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, sprinkles in material after simultaneously urea is water-soluble, pile up complete, the heap end,, while having a small amount of water to ooze out, shows water yield optimum, finally covers straw mat and (before building heap, first in bottom, puts two large bamboo poles by its spontaneous fermentation, and insert a waddy every 2m, after building up heap, extract large bamboo pole and waddy out simultaneously, form the passage communicating up and down, to guarantee fermented quality);
3. turning: build after heap, every 3d turning 1 time, during each turning, the first sheathing leaf material on side is ploughed under to heap center, turning is 3-4 time altogether, time remaining 12d-15d, during turning for the first time, add terra alba, during turning for the second time, add calcium superphosphate, during last turning, add cotton seed hulls, wood chip, wheat bran, and keep the skin wet depending on the water content of windrow, while stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%.
5. utilize the Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation material described in claim 1-4, it is characterized in that the planting material that ferments, after heat radiation, can directly spread furrow, sowing, carry out cultivation in raw material.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103936515A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-07-23 | 朱汉学 | Oyster mushroom culture medium made of cottonseed hulls and pigeon manure |
| CN105130572A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-12-09 | 泽桑梓 | Mikania micrantha culture medium used for cultivating pleurotus ostreatus and preparation method thereof |
| CN106631304A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2017-05-10 | 济南健康人药品有限公司 | Method for preparing pleurotus cornucopiae cultivation base by utilizing mixed aquatic plants |
| CN106631305A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2017-05-10 | 济南健康人药品有限公司 | Method for preparing pholiota nameko culture matrix from mixed aquatic plants |
| CN106748370A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-05-31 | 昭平县科学技术指导站 | The culturing raw material and its method of a kind of flat mushroom |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103936515A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-07-23 | 朱汉学 | Oyster mushroom culture medium made of cottonseed hulls and pigeon manure |
| CN105130572A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-12-09 | 泽桑梓 | Mikania micrantha culture medium used for cultivating pleurotus ostreatus and preparation method thereof |
| CN105130572B (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2018-07-06 | 泽桑梓 | It is a kind of to be used to cultivate Mikania micrantha culture medium of oyster mushroom and preparation method thereof |
| CN106631304A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2017-05-10 | 济南健康人药品有限公司 | Method for preparing pleurotus cornucopiae cultivation base by utilizing mixed aquatic plants |
| CN106631305A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2017-05-10 | 济南健康人药品有限公司 | Method for preparing pholiota nameko culture matrix from mixed aquatic plants |
| CN106748370A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-05-31 | 昭平县科学技术指导站 | The culturing raw material and its method of a kind of flat mushroom |
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Application publication date: 20140205 |