CN103539572B

CN103539572B - Method for preparing coprinus comatus cultivation material by utilizing cane shoot sheaths and leaves

Info

Publication number: CN103539572B
Application number: CN201310531760.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邬方成
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-11-02
Filing date: 2013-11-02
Publication date: 2014-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2033-11-02
Also published as: CN103539572A

Abstract

The invention provides a coprinus comatus cultivation material. The cultivation material is characterized by taking cane shoot sheaths and leaves as main raw materials and vegetable garden soil, cow dung, mushroom dregs, lime powder, gypsum powder and the like as auxiliary materials, wherein the water content of the cultivation material is 63-65%. The invention also provides a preparation method of the cultivation material. The cultivation material has the advantages that I. through sunlight exposure, lime water soaking and stacking fermentation carried out on the cane shoot sheaths and leaves, macromolecular substances such as cellulose, hemicellulose and the like are decomposed into simple substances beneficial to absorption of coprinus comatus hyphae, thus promoting growth of the coprinus comatus hyphae; II. the vegetable garden soil matrix is added to the cultivation material, so that the coprinus comatus hyphae grow densely and the coprinus comatus is large and has good growth vigour, sufficient fruiting after-effect, high yield and biological efficiency of 114.6-125.2%; III. not only is a solution provided for harmless treatment of cane shoot sheaths and leaves but also a new matrix is found for coprinus comatus cultivation.

Description

A kind of method of utilizing Jiaobai leaf to make cultivating chicken leg mushroom material

Technical field

The present invention utilizes Jiaobai leaf to make cultivating chicken leg mushroom material, comprises the compatibility of planting material, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to fungus growing technique field.

Background technology

Coprinus comatus, is a kind of universal rare edible mushrooms, likeness in form chicken leg, and the crisp cunning of meat, delicious flavour, nutritious.According to surveying and determination, in the dry mushroom of every 100g, contain crude protein 25.4g, fatty 3.3g, total reducing sugar 58.8g, also containing multiple amino acids, comprises the amino acid of 8 kinds of needed by human in Coprinus comatus.Coprinus comatus is again a kind of medicinal fungi, has the functions such as aid digestion, strengthening the spleen and stomach, raising body immunity, is deeply subject to domestic and international human consumer's favor.

Coprinus comatus belongs to the raw bacterium of excrement sward, strong stress resistance.Its artificial culture materials are mainly cotton seed hulls, straw, straw etc. at present, but the continuous expansion along with cultivating chicken leg mushroom area, these traditional culturing raw material are day by day in short supply, price continuous rise, so each production unit is all attached great importance to and is looked for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.

Wild rice stem is the important aquatic vegetable of China, and since the nineties in 20th century, along with the adjustment of agricultural planting structure, China's wild rice stem industry is fast-developing, and cultural area expands, and reaches Taiwan in the south, and north is to Heilungkiang, and especially the cultivation of the Taihu Lake basin of Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces at most.Current national wild rice stem cultivated area 6.7hm ², become the agricultural specialty industry in some small towns, there is professional town, township, the village of many big area scales plantation wild rice stems, become the new highlight of profitable agriculture.Wild rice stem plant is tall and big, has huge biological yield.By wild rice stem fleshy stem, leaf sheath, the blade together with top gathers common peasant, in market or process place and wild rice stem is connected to shell cut off sale, the first sheathing leaf on top is in heaps is discarded in the ground such as the edge of a field, roadside, stream, or by its burning, or let alone to rot, cause serious environmental pollution and the wasting of resources.According to a preliminary estimate, every 667m ²more than hay field can be produced fresh stalk quality 5000 kg of wild rice stem every year, the fresh quality of Jiaobai leaf of the annual waste in the whole nation is more than 5,000,000 t.

Wild rice stem is grass, and the contained nutritive ingredient of its first sheathing leaf is similar with the paddy and wheat grass that is all grass.According to surveying and determination, dry Jiaobai leaf is containing crude protein 9.23%-14.3%, robust fibre 41.7%-46.4%, and total reducing sugar 4.3%-5.37%, also contains full nitrogen 3.70%, full phosphorus 0.50%, full potassium 2.10%.Jiaobai leaf contains the needed nutritive element of cultivating drumstick mushroom, is the more satisfactory raw material of cultivating drumstick mushroom.

Summary of the invention

The present invention has following two aspects:

1, a kind ofly take the cultivating chicken leg mushroom material compatibility that Jiaobai leaf is main raw material

2, the making method of planting material

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A cultivating chicken leg mushroom material compatibility, has following component and quality proportioning: Jiaobai leaf 50%-60%, and vegetable garden soil 15%-25%, cow dung 10%, bacterium slag 10%, lime powder 3%, terra alba 2%, is all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.

Jiaobai leaf: after wild rice stem is gathered, cut off leaf sheath and blade that wild rice stem expands more than stem, through sunlight exposure, dry standby.

Bacterium slag: for Pleurotus eryngii, needle mushroom fruiting finish rear remaining tankage, dry after bacterium slag (removing the bacterium slag of living contaminants) is pulverized.At present, Pleurotus eryngii, needle mushroom mostly are batch production and produce, the damp mushroom of the 1-2 that generally only gathers in production, thereby in bacterium slag, still contain a large amount of Mierocrystalline celluloses, hemicellulose, xylogen, fat, amino acid, mineral substance and mycelium (including the residual body protein of abundant mycelia) and mycelial meta-bolites.

Lime, terra alba: potential of hydrogen calcareous, modification stability planting material is provided.

The making method of planting material, comprises the steps:

1. first sheathing leaf is prewetted, cow dung piles in advance: before windrow, Jiaobai leaf is ground into the long segment of 2cm-3cm, then with 3% liming, soak, soak time is 30h-36h, thereafter pull out and drain Yu Shui, directly build heap, meanwhile, 3d before windrow, smash excrement piece to pieces, 100kg cow dung adds 100kg water and 3kg lime, mixes rear pre-heap thoroughly;

2. build heap: paving one deck Jiaobai leaf, repave one deck cow dung, vegetable garden soil, one deck first sheathing leaf one deck cow dung like this, vegetable garden soil, pile high 1.4m-1.5m, wide 2m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, and suitably sprinkle water according to the first sheathing leaf situation of prewetting, during watering, general lower floor does not spill, spill less in middle level, spill more on upper strata, pile up complete, the heap end, is while having a small amount of water to ooze out, show water yield optimum, finally cover straw mat and (before building heap, first in bottom, put two large bamboo poles by its spontaneous fermentation, and insert a waddy every 2m, after building up heap, extract large bamboo pole and waddy out simultaneously, form the passage communicating up and down, to guarantee fermented quality),

3. turning: build after heap, every 3d turning 1 time, during each turning, the first sheathing leaf material on side is ploughed under to heap center, turning is 3-4 time altogether, time remaining 12d-15d, during turning for the first time, add terra alba, during last turning, add bacterium slag, and look water content and the potential of hydrogen interpolation liming of windrow, while stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, and pH value is 7.0-7.5.

The planting material fermenting, after heat radiation, can directly spread furrow or go to bed, sowing, soil covering culture.

The present invention be take Jiaobai leaf as main raw material, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as vegetable garden soil, cow dung, bacterium slag, lime powder, terra alba, makes cultivating chicken leg mushroom material.Its advantage is: the one, and Jiaobai leaf soaks through sunlight exposure, liming and heap fermentation is processed, and the macromolecular substance such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose is decomposed into and is conducive to the simple material that shaggy mane mycelium absorbs, and has promoted the growth of shaggy mane mycelium; The 2nd, in planting material, add vegetable garden soil matrix, shaggy mane mycelium growth is dense, and mushroom body is loose, growing way is good, and fruiting reserve strength is sufficient, output is high, and its biological efficiency reaches 114.6%-125.2%; The 3rd, not only the harmless treatment for Jiaobai leaf provides a terms of settlement, also for cultivating chicken leg mushroom has found a kind of new matrix.

Embodiment

Mode 1: in the present embodiment, cultivating chicken leg mushroom material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Jiaobai leaf 50%, vegetable garden soil 25%, cow dung 10%, bacterium slag 10%, lime 3%, terra alba 2%, is all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.

Making method:

1. first sheathing leaf is prewetted, cow dung piles in advance: before windrow, Jiaobai leaf is ground into the long segment of 2cm-3cm, then with 3% liming, soak, soak time is 30h, thereafter pull out and drain Yu Shui, directly build heap, meanwhile, 3d before windrow, smash excrement piece to pieces, 100kg cow dung adds 100kg water and 5kg lime, mixes rear pre-heap thoroughly;

2. build heap: paving one deck Jiaobai leaf, repave one deck cow dung, vegetable garden soil, one deck first sheathing leaf one deck cow dung like this, vegetable garden soil, pile high 1.5m, the trapezoidal heap of wide 2m, and suitably sprinkle water according to the first sheathing leaf situation of prewetting, during watering, lower floor does not spill, and spill less in middle level, spill more on upper strata, pile up completely, heap has a small amount of water to ooze out in the end, finally covers straw mat and (before building heap, first in bottom, puts two large bamboo poles by its spontaneous fermentation, and insert a waddy every 2m, after building up heap, extract large bamboo pole and waddy out simultaneously, form the passage communicating up and down, to guarantee fermented quality);

3. turning: build after heap, every 3d turning 1 time, during each turning, the first sheathing leaf material on side is ploughed under to heap center, turning is 4 times altogether, time remaining 15d.During turning for the first time, add terra alba, during last turning, add bacterium slag, and look water content and the potential of hydrogen interpolation liming of windrow, while stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, and pH value is 7.0-7.5.

The planting material fermenting, after heat radiation, directly spreads furrow, sowing, soil covering culture.The biological efficiency of Coprinus comatus reaches 125.2%.

Mode 2: in the present embodiment, cultivating chicken leg mushroom material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Jiaobai leaf 55%, vegetable garden soil 20%, cow dung 10%, bacterium slag 10%, lime 3%, terra alba 2%, is all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.The biological efficiency of Coprinus comatus reaches 120.0%.

Mode 3: in the present embodiment, cultivating chicken leg mushroom material comprises following component and quality proportioning: Jiaobai leaf 60%, vegetable garden soil 15%, cow dung 10%, bacterium slag 10%, lime 3%, terra alba 2%, is all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.The biological efficiency of Coprinus comatus reaches 114.6%.

The impact of the planting material of table different modes on Coprinus comatus biological efficiency

Claims

1. a cultivating chicken leg mushroom material, is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: Jiaobai leaf 50%, and vegetable garden soil 25%, cow dung 10%, bacterium slag 10%, lime 3%, terra alba 2%, is all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%; The making method of described planting material is:

2. build heap: paving one deck Jiaobai leaf, repave one deck cow dung, vegetable garden soil, one deck first sheathing leaf one deck cow dung like this, vegetable garden soil, pile high 1.4m-1.5m, wide 2m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, and suitably sprinkle water according to the first sheathing leaf situation of prewetting, during watering, general lower floor does not spill, spill less in middle level, spill more on upper strata, pile up complete, the heap end, is while having a small amount of water to ooze out, show water yield optimum, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation, before building heap, first in bottom, put two large bamboo poles, and insert a waddy every 2m, after building up heap, extract large bamboo pole and waddy out simultaneously, form the passage communicating up and down, to guarantee fermented quality,

2. a kind of cultivating chicken leg mushroom material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described Jiaobai leaf is after wild rice stem is gathered, and cuts off leaf sheath and blade that wild rice stem expands more than stem, after drying, is ground into the long segment of 2cm-3cm.

3. a kind of cultivating chicken leg mushroom material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described bacterium slag is that Pleurotus eryngii, needle mushroom fruiting finish rear remaining tankage, dries after the bacterium ground-slag of removing living contaminants is broken standby.

4. a kind of cultivating chicken leg mushroom material according to claim 1, is characterized in that the planting material that ferments, after heat radiation, can directly spread furrow or go to bed, sowing, soil covering culture.