CN103435407A - Pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation material compatibility and preparation method of cultivation material - Google Patents
Pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation material compatibility and preparation method of cultivation material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103435407A CN103435407A CN2013103564961A CN201310356496A CN103435407A CN 103435407 A CN103435407 A CN 103435407A CN 2013103564961 A CN2013103564961 A CN 2013103564961A CN 201310356496 A CN201310356496 A CN 201310356496A CN 103435407 A CN103435407 A CN 103435407A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation material which is characterized by taking chestnut branch scrap, bud rind scrap and chestnut rind scrap as main raw materials, taking bagasse, bran, corn flour, gypsum powder and the like as minor materials, and containing 63% to 65 % of water. The invention further comprises a preparation method of the cultivation material. The cultivation material and the preparation method has the advantages that firstly, through the sunlight solarization, accumulation and ageing and biological fermentation process of the chestnut branch scrap, bud rind scrap and chestnut rind scrap, not only poisonous bacteriostat is removed, but also macromolecule material is degraded, the absorption of the pleurotus citrinopileatus hypha is facilitated, and the hypha grows vigorously; secondly, the cultivation material proportion is reasonable, the bacterium air permeability is good, the water-retaining property is strong, the effective pleurotus citrinopileatus number is large, and the biology efficiency reaches 112.5% to 118.3%; thirdly, the cultivation material channel is broadened, and the preparation cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
Content of the present invention comprises YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material compatibility, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to the fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
YUHUANG MUSHROOM has another name called Pleurotus Citrinopileatus Sing, goldentop mushroom, Pleurotus citrinopileatus etc., because being common on saprophytic elm deadwood the YUHUANG MUSHROOM of gaining the name.Tame YUHUANG MUSHROOM is imbricate grows thickly, and the cap base portion is recessed is horn-like, and edge is open and flat is wavy, and many caps are stacked to cluster together, just like the flower of a branch of gold, the form elegant.The nutritive ingredients such as YUHUANG MUSHROOM rich in proteins, fat, carbohydrate and multivitamin, nutritious, delicate mouthfeel is tender and crisp, delicious flavour, smell delicate fragrance.In addition, YUHUANG MUSHROOM also has the medicinal health value of nourishing and fit keeping function.
YUHUANG MUSHROOM is a kind of wood-decay fungi, has stronger decomposition xylogen, cellulosic ability, so always, the mushroom agriculture is all to using wood chip and cotton seed hulls as culturing raw material aborning.But nowadays, " bacterium-Lin " contradiction, cotton seed hulls class cost of material continuous rise, so each production unit is all attached great importance to and is looked for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Chinese chestnut tree is Fagaceae Castanea nuts plant, and its fruit is the famous Traditional Agricultural byproduct of China.China is the first big producing country of Chinese chestnut, and according to the statistics of Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO (FAO), to the end of the year in 2009, the Chinese Chestnut cultivated area was 200,000 hm
2, ultimate production is about 1,090,000 t, accounts for 77% of Gross World Product.
In Chinese chestnut production and the course of processing, can produce three class wastes.The one, the branch produced after pruning.China's Chinese chestnut cultivated area is large, 700,000 tons of the branch Yue Keda that the pruning of annual Cong Li garden falls, however these branches are not reasonably utilized, and major part is used as fuel wood; The 2nd, shell, have another name called luxuriant shell, Li Peng, Li Pu shell, is the waste stayed after collecting Chinese chestnut, general every 100kg Chinese chestnut just means the dry luxuriant shell that 60kg-90kg is arranged, and these luxuriant shells are drawn materials easily, enormous amount, but done fuel except minority, all the other are often arbitrarily abandoned or let alone rots; The 3rd, the chestnut shell, plant skin for the pericarp of Li Jianguo, accounts for 10% of chestnut fruit weight, and the chestnut shell is to produce in the Chinese chestnut course of processing, aboundresources and concentrating, but most of enterprise processed it as waste, both increased production cost, again contaminate environment.
The Chinese chestnut branch, texture of wood is tight, and in unit volume, content of lignin is high; The bud shell, contain higher nutritive substance, and according to surveying and determination, luxuriant shell is containing crude protein 8.78%, carbon 39.04%, nitrogen 1.348%; The chestnut shell, contain the compositions such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, xylogen, and wherein content of cellulose reaches 48%, and xylogen accounts for 28.5%.Above these components, can grow essential carbon source, nitrogenous source is provided for edible fungi growth.But chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, these three kinds of materials of chestnut shell also contain the materials such as tannin, wax, can suppress the growth of hypha of edible fungus, therefore must effectively process, make these antibacterial substances be decomposed and volatilize.The method of processing comprises: sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation etc.After treatment, not only can remove the objectionable impurities that affects the hypha of edible fungus growth, also, because of rear wooden being softened of fermenting, it is loose that quality becomes, therefore the growth of very suitable YUHUANG MUSHROOM mycelia.
Utilize chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, these waste wood matter substitution of resources woods material cultivation YUHUANG MUSHROOM of chestnut shell, be not only this behave of falling of an Edible Fungi, but also be a circular agriculture and environmental protection cause behave.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind ofly take the YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material compatibility that chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, chestnut shell be main raw material
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material compatibility has following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 30%-40%, luxuriant shell bits 18%-22%, chestnut shell bits 12%-18%, bagasse 14%, wheat bran 10%, Semen Maydis powder 3%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
Chestnut branch bits: dry, be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Bud shell bits: be exposed to the sun, be ground into the following particle of particle diameter 3mm (preventing the long sack that punctures of luxuriant shell thorn), be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Chestnut shell bits: be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm after the chestnut shell that fresh nothing is gone mouldy is exposed to the sun, be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Bagasse: sugarcane is pressed sugar remaining waste residue afterwards, after drying, is white in color or yellow-white, and sugared aromatising flavour is arranged.The thick slag of belt leather must be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm.The main component of bagasse is approximately 50% Mierocrystalline cellulose, 30% hemicellulose, 15% xylogen and a little ash content, crude protein and soluble sugar.
Wheat bran: the wheat cortex that wheat separates in processing flour process, wheat bran contains abundant enzyme system, protein, carbohydrate, VITAMIN and mineral substance etc.
Semen Maydis powder: as available nutrient, promote the mycelia Fast Growth, can be again the YUHUANG MUSHROOM growth vitamin H etc. is provided.
Lime powder, terra alba: regulate, stablize the planting material potential of hydrogen, increase calcium, sulphur nutritive ingredient.
The making method of planting material, comprise the steps:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make antibacterial substance decompose volatilization simultaneously;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewetted (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled to high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm on heap, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, when turning for the third time, adds the auxiliary materials such as bagasse, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times 4-5 time altogether, time remaining 6d-7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, (after discharge cold air), keep 10h-12h, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Planting material, after the access bacterial classification, is changed into tampon by the plastics stopper, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃-24 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 24d-25d, mycelia is covered with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
It is main raw material that chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are take in the present invention, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as bagasse, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba, makes the YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material.Its advantage is: the one, and chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits, process by sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation, both removed poisonous bacteriostatics, makes again the macromolecular substance degraded, is conducive to the absorption of YUHUANG MUSHROOM mycelia, and the mycelia growing way is vigorous; The 2nd, the planting material reasonable ratio, bacterium material good permeability, water-retentivity are strong, and effectively mushroom quantity is many, and its biological efficiency reaches 112.5%-118.3%; The 3rd, widened the culturing raw material channel, greatly reduce production cost.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, the YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 30%, luxuriant shell bits 22%, chestnut shell bits 18%, bagasse 14%, wheat bran 10%, Semen Maydis powder 3%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. shine material: 1d-2d is exposed to the sun raw material before spice;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewetted (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled to high 1.2m, and the trapezoidal heap of wide 3m, after carrying out heap, pat surrounding, then insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 15cm on heap, and at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, when turning for the third time, adds the auxiliary materials such as bagasse, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times totally 5 times, time remaining 7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, (after discharge cold air), keep 10h, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Planting material, after the access bacterial classification, is changed into tampon by the plastics stopper, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, and temperature is controlled at 22 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 65%, and through the cultivation of 24d, mycelia is covered with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, the YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 35%, luxuriant shell bits 20%, chestnut shell bits 15%, bagasse 14%, wheat bran 10%, Semen Maydis powder 3%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, the YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 40%, luxuriant shell bits 18%, chestnut shell bits 12%, bagasse 14%, wheat bran 10%, Semen Maydis powder 3%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
The impact of the planting material of table different modes on the YUHUANG MUSHROOM biological efficiency
Claims (8)
1. a YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material, it is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 30%-40%, bud shell bits 18%-22%, chestnut shell bits 12%-18%, bagasse 14%, wheat bran 10%, Semen Maydis powder 3%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.
2. a kind of YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described chestnut branch bits are the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, dries and be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
3. a kind of YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described luxuriant shell bits, for the following particle of particle diameter 3mm, are deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year after being exposed to the sun, pulverizing.
4. a kind of YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described chestnut shell bits are the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, is deposited in air seasoning place after being exposed to the sun, pulverizing, ageing 1 year.
5. a kind of YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described bagasse is that sugarcane presses waste residue remaining after sugar, is ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm.
6. a kind of YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described wheat bran is the wheat cortex that wheat separates in processing flour process.
7. the making method of a kind of YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material described in a claim 1-6 is characterized in that:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make antibacterial substance decompose volatilization simultaneously;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewetted (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled to high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm on heap, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, when turning for the third time, adds the auxiliary materials such as bagasse, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times 4-5 time altogether, time remaining 6d-7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: employings specification is 17cm * 35cm * 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g puts the collar after installing material, insertion plastics stopper;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out to normal-pressure sterilization, and when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, (after discharge cold air), keep 10h-12h, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
8. utilize the making method of the YUHUANG MUSHROOM planting material described in claim 1-7, after it is characterized in that accessing bacterial classification, the plastics stopper is changed into to tampon, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature is controlled at 22 ℃-24 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 24d-25d, mycelia is covered with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104604534A (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2015-05-13 | 邬金梅 | Pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation method |
| CN104761330A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-07-08 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation material |
| CN104774080A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-07-15 | 邬方成 | Manufacturing method of pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation material |
| CN104774079A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-07-15 | 邬方成 | Manufacturing method of pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation material |
| CN104829291A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-08-12 | 邬方成 | Pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation material making method |
| CN104926501A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-23 | 桂林健成生物科技开发有限公司 | Application of momordica grosvenori pomace to cultivating pleurotus citrinopileatus |
| CN105254406A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-01-20 | 梁金屯 | Preparation method of edible fungus cultivation material |
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| CN1129254A (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 1996-08-21 | 周道陆 | Composite granulated substratum for edible (medicinal) mushroom series |
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2013
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Patent Citations (1)
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| CN1129254A (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 1996-08-21 | 周道陆 | Composite granulated substratum for edible (medicinal) mushroom series |
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| 曾日秋等: ""不同培养料栽培榆黄蘑试验"", 《食用菌》 * |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104604534A (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2015-05-13 | 邬金梅 | Pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation method |
| CN104761330A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-07-08 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation material |
| CN104774080A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-07-15 | 邬方成 | Manufacturing method of pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation material |
| CN104774079A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-07-15 | 邬方成 | Manufacturing method of pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation material |
| CN104829291A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-08-12 | 邬方成 | Pleurotus citrinopileatus cultivation material making method |
| CN104926501A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-23 | 桂林健成生物科技开发有限公司 | Application of momordica grosvenori pomace to cultivating pleurotus citrinopileatus |
| CN105254406A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-01-20 | 梁金屯 | Preparation method of edible fungus cultivation material |
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| CN103435407B (en) | 2015-03-25 |
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