CN1934985A - Method for producing fodder by in-situ post fermentation of flammulina velutipes bran mycelia - Google Patents
Method for producing fodder by in-situ post fermentation of flammulina velutipes bran mycelia Download PDFInfo
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- CN1934985A CN1934985A CNA2006100972386A CN200610097238A CN1934985A CN 1934985 A CN1934985 A CN 1934985A CN A2006100972386 A CNA2006100972386 A CN A2006100972386A CN 200610097238 A CN200610097238 A CN 200610097238A CN 1934985 A CN1934985 A CN 1934985A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 125000002425 furfuryl group Chemical group C(C1=CC=CO1)* 0.000 claims description 2
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for producing feed by utilizing golden mushroom bran hyphostroma in situ post-fermentation. Said method includes the following steps: making the golden mushroom bran remained after the golden mushroom is picked undergo the process of aeration treatment; then utilizing the golden mushroom hyphostroma existed in the mushroom bran to make in situ late-stage aerobic fermentation for 3-10 days under the condition of retaining humidity at 12-23 deg.C until the hyphostroma is spread over all the mushroom brans, then drying said mushroom brans, pulverizing so as to obtain the invented golden mushroom post-fermentation mushroom bran feed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of producing fodder by in-situ post fermentation of flammulina velutipes bran mycelia.
Technical background
The Asparagus delicious flavour, nutritious, particularly contain necessary eight seed amino acids of higher human body, for general mushroom class can't be obtained.Asparagus also has multiple pharmacological effect simultaneously, and hypertension, gastrointestinal ulceration, some cancer etc. are had certain prevention, therapeutic action.Thereby Asparagus is one of principal item of China's edible fungus culturing, also is to be only second to mushroom, mushroom, straw mushroom on the international market and the edible mushroom that occupies the 4th.Along with Asparagus is production-scale increasing, the handling problem of compost-bacterium chaff of discarding behind the golden mushroom plantation is serious day by day, and the mushroom farming arbitrarily abandons stacking, and it is smelly to rot, and contaminated environment becomes one of new public hazards in rural area.Studies show that, Asparagus is cultivated and is adopted mushroom bacterium chaff afterwards, still also has a large amount of nutriments not by fully degraded utilization, the mycelium and the secretion thereof that remain in the bacterium chaff also are the fabulous nutriments of animal, thereby can be processed into poultry, fowl and fishery edible fungi residue feed, in contaminated solution, effectively solve the problem of feed resource poorness, reduce feed and aquaculture cost.
At present, the method of producing feed with edible fungus bran mainly contains three kinds: the one, and the direct working system of edible fungi residue feed, the bacterium chaff is dried or dries, be processed into Powdered with pulverizer, be edible fungi residue feed, though directly working system is simple, the big portion of the nutritional labeling in the bacterium chaff draws during by the thalline fruiting, and feed nutrient is poor slightly; The 2nd, edible fungi residue feed spontaneous fermentation working system, be exactly in the bacterium chaff of pulverizing, to add an amount of rice bran and water, the vat (or other containers) of then packing into, on cover film and tighten, create airproof anaerobic environment, utilize air, some anaerobes such as the lactic acid bacteria that exist in the rice bran, carried out anaerobic fermentation 5-10 days, lactic acid bacteria is decomposed carbohydrate and produces lactic acid, cause acid condition, suppress the development of spoilage organisms, make the compound fermentation as feed, though this method has been improved the edible fungi residue feed mouthfeel, mycoprotein and nutrition content in the edible fungi residue feed have been increased, increase cost but add rice bran, and thalli growth mainly is to rely on the nutriment that is easy to absorb in the rice bran that replenishes, is unfavorable for residual cellulose in the bacterium chaff, the further degraded of lignin substance, transform, and absorbed by feeding animals subsequently; The 3rd, the inoculum fermented working system of edible fungi residue feed, in the bacterium chaff, replenish required nutrient such as the sucrose of thalli growth, rice bran etc., insert specific bacterial classification or microbial inoculum such as saccharification knee-piece or candida tropicalis microbial inoculum, carry out the turning aerobic fermentation then, or the vat of packing into (or other containers) carries out anaerobic fermentation, after fermenting 5 days-10 days, feed is made in pulverizing, this method is owing to be the artificial inoculation, quality is controlled easily, mycoprotein and other nutrition content have been increased, but add bacterial classification or microbial inoculum and nutriment, make complex process, cost increases, and thalli growth mainly is to depend on the additional nutriment that is easy to absorb, and is unfavorable for residual cellulose in the bacterium chaff equally, the further degraded of lignin substance, transform, and absorbed by feeding animals subsequently.
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to overcome the existing weak point of above-described existing edible fungus bran feed production method, the golden mushroom mycelium that directly utilizes bacterium chaff self to exist, directly carry out the aerobic after fermentation of original position need not to add under the condition of nutritional labeling, the composition that crude fibre composition Degradation and Transformation Cheng Yi residual in the bacterium chaff is absorbed by animal, the nutritive value and the price of deed of raising golden mushroom bran feed.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of method of producing fodder by in-situ post fermentation of flammulina velutipes bran mycelia, with overcome in the present edible fungi residue feed residual crude fibre material by effectively degraded, transform the problem of nutritive value and price of deed deficiency.
The method of said producing fodder by in-situ post fermentation of flammulina velutipes bran mycelia is: the golden mushroom chaff behind the mushroom of at first will gathering is done suitably ventilative the processing; The golden mushroom mycelium that utilizes bacterium chaff Central Plains to pre-exist then under 12-23 ℃, the aeration condition of preserving moisture, existed the position to carry out later stage aerobic fermentation 3-10 days originally, was covered with the bacterium chaff until mycelium and ended; The golden mushroom chaff of in-situ post fermentation through air dry or mechanical heat drying, is pulverized, made Asparagus after fermentation edible fungi residue feed.The golden mushroom chaff after fermentation feed that utilizes this method to produce, contain abundant bacterium protein and crude fat, compare with edible fungi residue feed without after fermentation, crude protein and crude fat content have increased more than 50% by weight percentage, crude fiber content has descended more than 30% by weight percentage, fragrant odour, good palatability, price of deed height.
Above-mentioned golden mushroom chaff as after fermentation can be a remaining waste material after cultivation and any Asparagus of having gathered.The Asparagus bacterial classification can be any golden mushroom plantation kind.As Asparagus Flammulinavelutipes (Fr.) Sing. CGMCC 5.17; Asparagus Flammulina velutipes (Fr.) Sing. CGMCC 5.384; Asparagus Flammulina velutipes (Fr.) Sing. CGMCC 5.613; Asparagus Flammulina velutipes (Fr.) Sing. CGMCC 5.604 etc.
Above-mentioned golden mushroom chaff can be any compost remaining waste material after the cultivation and the Asparagus of gathering that is suitable for golden mushroom plantation.As by 89% cotton seed hulls, 10% wheat bran, mixed material that 1% gypsum (or calcium carbonate) is formed and the compost of water by 1: 1.4 mixed preparing, through cultivate and the Asparagus of gathering after remaining waste material; The mixed material that 73% wood chip, 25% wheat bran, 1% sucrose, 1% gypsum (or calcium carbonate) are formed and water is by the compost that is hybridly prepared at 1: 1.5, through cultivate and the Asparagus of gathering after remaining waste material; The mixed material that 73% corncob, 25% wheat bran, 1% sucrose, 1% gypsum (or calcium carbonate) are formed and water is by the compost that is hybridly prepared at 1: 1.6, through cultivate and the Asparagus of gathering after remaining waste material.This illustrate bright book relate to the compost proportioning all by weight.
Above-mentioned golden mushroom chaff is done suitably ventilative the processing, and concrete operations can be that the bottled or packed bacterium chaff of Asparagus is cut into some fritters, or are dispersed into particle, so that the golden mushroom mycelium in the bacterium chaff fully contacts with air; Then bacterium chaff piece or granulation mass are built into high 5-20 centimetre buttress external application plastic film wrapped, or in the polybag of directly packing into or in other container, attention bacterium chaff is not wanted compacting, plastics sack or vessel port are not airtight, keep ventilative state.
The above-mentioned later stage aerobic fermentation that carries out in position, concrete operations can be: the bacterium chaff of handling of will breathing freely places under the 12-23 ℃ of condition, the ventilation of preserving moisture, the golden mushroom mycelium that utilizes bacterium chaff Central Plains to pre-exist carried out at unborn position aerobic fermentation 3-10 days, after 3 days plastic sheeting is raised, or plastics sack or vessel port opened, guarantee ventilation, make mycelium towards periphery the bacterium chaff soak into growth, with the degraded of bacterium furfuryl group matter, be covered with the bacterium chaff until mycelium and end.
The golden mushroom bran feed air dry of above-mentioned in-situ post fermentation or mechanical heat drying, can carry out according to a conventional method, concrete operations can be, the bacterium chaff that after fermentation is good is broken up, dry to the percentage by weight water content through natural air drying or the sun and to be equal to or less than 30%, or adopt 40-80 ℃ of force ventilation heating and drying method, make the percentage by weight water content be equal to or less than 30%.
The golden mushroom bran feed of above-mentioned in-situ post fermentation, and different, by weight percentage, crude protein content is 5%-20% with the variation of different compost compositions for contained crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber content, crude fat content is 0.5%-5%, and crude fiber content is 10%-40%.
The golden mushroom bran feed of above-mentioned in-situ post fermentation, can be directly used in livestock and poultry and fishery feed, also can replace other composition in the common feed such as wheat bran, rice bran, pearling cone meal with the different percentage by weight of 5%-20%, make mixed feed, be used for livestock and poultry and fishery feed, feeding effect is better than the golden mushroom bran feed of handling without after fermentation, makes feed cost reduce 5-20%.
The specific embodiment
Employed in the present invention term unless other explanation is arranged, generally has the implication of those of ordinary skills' common sense.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and comparable data is described the present invention in further detail.Should be understood that these embodiment just in order to demonstrate the invention, but not limit the scope of the invention by any way.
In following embodiment, various processes of Xiang Ximiaoshuing and method are not conventional methods as known in the art.Source, the trade name of raw materials used, bacterial classification and be necessary to list its constituent person indicates when occurring first that all used thereafter same materials, bacterial classification are if no special instructions, and be all identical with the content of indicating first.
Mixed material that embodiment 1. is made up of 73% wood chip, 25% wheat bran, 1% sucrose, 1% gypsum (or calcium carbonate) and water are by the compost that is hybridly prepared at 1: 1.5, install to polypropylene plastics bag (17 * 33 * 0.06cm) by every bag 500 gram wet feed branch, 121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 20min, after being cooled to room temperature, aseptic condition inserts down Asparagus Flammulina velutipes (Fr.) Sing. CGMCC 5.17 bacterial classifications (can from ". Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica China common micro-organisms culture presevation administrative center " open purchase).The ventilation of plastics sack is tied, cultivate mycelium to being covered with compost down at 23 ℃.Put 12 ℃ of cultivations then and urge flower bud, when fructification is grown to 1 centimetre of left and right sides, open the plastics sack, put one and mould bag, adopt mushroom after continuing to be cultured to about the long 15cm of fructification.Be divided into four and cut into four adopting bacterium chaff Bag Material one behind the mushroom, put in the polybag, tie the ventilation sack, in 23 ℃ cultivate 5 days after, mycelium is covered with the bacterium chaff, outward appearance is white in color.Stop fermentation, remove polybag, the bacterium chaff is dispersed into particle, put outdoor air-dry be lower than 30% to water content after, pulverizer is ground into powder, is Asparagus after fermentation edible fungi residue feed.The gained edible fungi residue feed, by weight percentage, crude protein content is 5.8%, and crude fat content is 0.8%, and crude fiber content is 40%.
Embodiment 2. is by 89% cotton seed hulls, 10% wheat bran, the mixed material that 1% gypsum is formed and water are pressed 100 kilograms of the composts of 1: 1.4 mixed preparing, install to polypropylene plastics bag (17 * 33 * 0.06cm) by every bag 500 gram wet feed branch, 121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 20min, after being cooled to room temperature, aseptic condition inserts Asparagus Flammulina velutipes (Fr.) Sing. CGMCC 5.17 bacterial classifications down.Cultivate and first Asparagus fructification of gathering by embodiment 1.Compost surface skim mycelium stimulation rake after first mushroom adopted goes, and spray ties the ventilation sack with light-water, urges flower bud 12 ℃ of cultivations as previously mentioned, fruit body development, the second batch of mushroom of gathering after to the long 15cm of fructification.Same method, the 3rd batch of mushroom of gathering.The collection of bacterium chaff behind the three batches of mushrooms of gathering is dispersed into particle, is piled into wide 1 meter * long 1 meter * high 20 centimetres buttress, the external application plastic film wrapped is put 23 ℃ and is cultivated after 7 days, and the buttress out-pile is seen and is white in color.Stop fermentation, remove polybag, the bacterium chaff is dispersed into particle, after 60 ℃ of heating forced air drying to water content were lower than 30%, pulverizer was ground into powder, promptly gets 50 kilograms of Asparagus in-situ post fermentation edible fungi residue feeds.The gained edible fungi residue feed, by weight percentage, crude protein content is 15%, and crude fat content is 2.5%, and crude fiber content is 25%.
Embodiment 3. is by 89% cotton seed hulls, 10% wheat bran, the mixed material that 1% gypsum is formed and water are pressed 1000 kilograms of the composts of 1: 1.4 mixed preparing, install to polypropylene plastics bag (17 * 33 * 0.06cm) by every bag 500 gram wet feed branch, 121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 20min, after being cooled to room temperature, aseptic condition inserts Asparagus Flammulina velutipes (Fr.) Sing. CGMCC 5.17 bacterial classifications down.Cultivate and first Asparagus fructification of gathering by embodiment 1.The bacterium chaff of adopting behind the mushroom is cut into the 2-4 piece with cutter, continue to stay in the polybag, last covering one plastic sheeting is preserved moisture, and puts 23 ℃ and cultivates 7 days, is covered with mycelia to incision and is white in color, stop fermentation, remove polybag, the bacterium chaff is dispersed into particle, after 60 ℃ of heating forced air drying to water content are lower than 30%, pulverizer is ground into powder, promptly gets 550 kilograms of Asparagus in-situ post fermentation edible fungi residue feeds.The gained edible fungi residue feed, by weight percentage, crude protein content is 8%, and crude fat content is 1.5%, and crude fiber content is 35%.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of method of producing fodder by in-situ post fermentation of flammulina velutipes bran mycelia, described method is:
The golden mushroom chaff that at first will gather behind the mushroom is done suitably ventilative the processing; The golden mushroom mycelium that utilizes bacterium chaff Central Plains to pre-exist then under 12-23 ℃, the aeration condition of preserving moisture, existed the position to carry out later stage aerobic fermentation 3-10 days originally, was covered with the bacterium chaff until mycelium and ended; The golden mushroom chaff of in-situ post fermentation through air dry or mechanical heat drying, is pulverized, made Asparagus after fermentation edible fungi residue feed.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described golden mushroom chaff is a remaining waste material after cultivation and any Asparagus of having gathered.
According to the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that 3, described golden mushroom chaff is any compost remaining waste material after the cultivation and the Asparagus of gathering that is suitable for golden mushroom plantation.
4, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described golden mushroom chaff is done suitably ventilative the processing and is meant the bottled or packed bacterium chaff of Asparagus is cut into some fritters, or is dispersed into particle, and the golden mushroom mycelium in the bacterium chaff is fully contacted with air; Then bacterium chaff piece or granulation mass are built into high 5-20 centimetre buttress external application plastic film wrapped, or in the polybag of directly packing into or in other container, attention bacterium chaff is not wanted compacting, plastics sack or vessel port are not airtight, keep ventilative state.
5, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the described later stage aerobic fermentation that carries out in position is meant that the bacterium chaff with ventilative processing places under the 12-23 ℃ of condition ventilation of preserving moisture, the golden mushroom mycelium that utilizes bacterium chaff Central Plains to pre-exist, carried out at unborn position aerobic fermentation 3-10 days, and after 3 days plastic sheeting was raised, or plastics sack or vessel port are opened, guarantee ventilation, make mycelium towards periphery the bacterium chaff invade profit growth, with the degraded of bacterium furfuryl group matter, be covered with the bacterium chaff until mycelium and end.
6, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the golden mushroom bran feed air dry of described in-situ post fermentation or mechanical heat drying, be meant that the bacterium chaff that after fermentation is good breaks up, dry to the percentage by weight water content through natural air drying or the sun and to be equal to or less than 30%, or adopt 40-80 ℃ of force ventilation heating and drying method, make the percentage by weight water content be equal to or less than 30%.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101116475B (en) * | 2007-08-23 | 2010-06-02 | 沈国强 | Method for preparing golden carbendazim feed additive |
| CN101965918A (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2011-02-09 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Mushroom residue feed for rabbits and processing method thereof |
| CN101380064B (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2012-05-23 | 东北林业大学 | New feedstuff for breeding yellow meal worm larva |
| CN102823730A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2012-12-19 | 福建农大菌草技术开发公司 | Method for producing organic feed additive by utilization of grass-cultivated Ganoderma lucidum grains |
| CN103300210A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-18 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing compound enzyme and probiotic preparation for feed by biotransformation of reed and peanut cake |
| CN103332997A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-10-02 | 潍坊市林海生物科技有限公司 | Raw material preparation method for cultivating flammulina velutipes after flammulina velutipes mushroom residue in-situ fermentation |
| CN104872384A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-09-02 | 吉林农业大学 | Feed additive containing needle mushroom feet |
| CN111838410A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-10-30 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Preparation method of flammulina velutipes mushroom bran feed |
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- 2006-10-24 CN CNA2006100972386A patent/CN1934985A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101116475B (en) * | 2007-08-23 | 2010-06-02 | 沈国强 | Method for preparing golden carbendazim feed additive |
| CN101380064B (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2012-05-23 | 东北林业大学 | New feedstuff for breeding yellow meal worm larva |
| CN101965918A (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2011-02-09 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Mushroom residue feed for rabbits and processing method thereof |
| CN102823730A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2012-12-19 | 福建农大菌草技术开发公司 | Method for producing organic feed additive by utilization of grass-cultivated Ganoderma lucidum grains |
| CN102823730B (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2014-08-06 | 福建农大菌草技术开发公司 | Method for producing organic feed additive by utilization of grass-cultivated Ganoderma lucidum grains |
| CN103300210A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-18 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing compound enzyme and probiotic preparation for feed by biotransformation of reed and peanut cake |
| CN103300210B (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2015-01-07 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing compound enzyme and probiotic preparation for feed by biotransformation of reed and peanut cake |
| CN103332997A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-10-02 | 潍坊市林海生物科技有限公司 | Raw material preparation method for cultivating flammulina velutipes after flammulina velutipes mushroom residue in-situ fermentation |
| CN104872384A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-09-02 | 吉林农业大学 | Feed additive containing needle mushroom feet |
| CN111838410A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-10-30 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Preparation method of flammulina velutipes mushroom bran feed |
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