CN109422570A - A kind of production method of Enoki mushroom cultivation material compatibility and this culture material - Google Patents
A kind of production method of Enoki mushroom cultivation material compatibility and this culture material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109422570A CN109422570A CN201710517552.3A CN201710517552A CN109422570A CN 109422570 A CN109422570 A CN 109422570A CN 201710517552 A CN201710517552 A CN 201710517552A CN 109422570 A CN109422570 A CN 109422570A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of Enoki mushroom cultivation material, it is characterised in that is aided with the auxiliary materials such as corncob, wheat bran, leached tea oil slag, soy meal using tea seed episperm, tea Pu as primary raw material, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%.The content of present invention further includes the production method of the culture material.Compared with wood dust culture material, the advantage is that: bacterium material good permeability, the Flammulina velutipes mycelium speed of growth is fast first is that the collocation of culture material thickness is reasonable, the full bottle time shortens；Second is that being fermented by natural packing, the substance decompositions such as tea seed episperm, the lignin in tea Pu, cellulose, hemicellulose, pectic substance are the simple material for being conducive to Flammulina velutipes mycelium absorption, promote the formation of needle mushroom fruit body primordium, output increased 35%-40%；Third is that having widened culturing raw material channel, production cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The content of present invention includes Enoki mushroom cultivation material compatibility and the production method of the culture material, belongs to edible fungus culturing skill
Art field.
Background technique
Needle mushroom also known as dried mushroom because its stem shape and color pole are as day lily, therefore claim needle mushroom.The sliding tender taste of needle mushroom
It is beautiful, full of nutrition, contain 18 kinds of amino acid, total amino acid content is up to 20.9%, wherein 44.5% again for necessary to human body
8 kinds of amino acid, hence it is evident that be higher than general mushroom class；Since lysine and arginine content are also relatively high, often eat needle mushroom
It is also highly beneficial to the development of children brain cell.
The weak wooden saprophytic bacteria of genus flammulina, has the ability for decomposing lignin, cellulose, so coming always, mushroom grower is being produced
In be all using sawdust and cotton seed hulls as culturing raw material.But nowadays, " bacterium-woods " contradiction becomes increasingly conspicuous, and the price of cotton seed hulls continues
Go up, cultivation cost is higher and higher, therefore each production unit is all attached great importance to look for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Oil tea is the distinctive woody edible oil material tree species in China, with olive, oil palm, coconut and referred to as the world four is big woody
Oilseed plant.China is tea-oil tree yield highest, the country that distribution is most wide, kind is most in the world.The oil tea cultivated area in China
And tea seed yield accounts for the whole world 95% or so, remaining 5% is distributed in a small number of Southeast Asian countries and regions.
Camellia oleifera fruit is spherical in shape, oblate, olive shape, diameter 3cm-4cm, and fruit lobe is thick and lignifying, includes seed (1-4)
That is tea seed, tea seed are in dark brown or black, and triangular shape is glossy.Through detecting, tea Pu (shell) accounts for about in camellia oleifera fruit
60%, tea seed accounts for about 40%；In tea seed, tea seed episperm (kind shell) accounts for 1/3, and tea seed kernel accounts for 2/3.Existing oil tea cultivates face in the whole nation
Product reaches 4,000,000 hm2, produces camellia oleifera fruit per year up to more than 560 ten thousand t, this will bring the oil-tea camellia husks of more than 300 ten thousand t, the tea seed of more than 70 ten thousand t
Shell, 50,000 t leached tea oil slags, so huge quantity, for the ratio of processing and little, most tea Pu, tea seed episperm are as fuel
It is burned off, or is dropped, leached tea oil slag bitter is substantially all and is discarded, and the shell of these discardings, kind shell, dregs of rice cake are being degraded
Afterwards, atmosphere, water source and ecological environment can be polluted.
Its constituent of tea Pu, tea seed episperm is complicated, (more containing cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, crude protein and tannin
Phenol) substances such as class.After heap fermentation is handled, the harmful substance (list for influencing hypha of edible fungus growth can be not only eliminated
It is peaceful etc.), it is also softened because wooden after fermentation, quality becomes loose, therefore is particularly suitable for the growth of Flammulina velutipes mycelium.
Needle mushroom is cultivated using tea Pu, these waste wood matter substitution of resources woods material of tea seed episperm, is not only an Edible Fungi
Drop this behave, but also be a circular agriculture and environmental protection cause behave.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects content:
1, a kind of using tea Pu, tea seed episperm as the Enoki mushroom cultivation material compatibility of raw material.
2, the production method of culture material.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of Enoki mushroom cultivation material compatibility, have following component and quality proportioning: tea seed episperm considers 28%-32%, tea Pu bits to be worth doing
18%-22%, corncob 20%, wheat bran 18%, leached tea oil slag 5%, soy meal 5%, precipitated calcium carbonate 1%, pulverized limestone 0.5%,
Sucrose 0.5% is all the quality of dry matter, and the sum of proportion is 100%.
Tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits: tea seed episperm dries, is ground into the particle of partial size 2mm-3mm；Tea Pu dries, crushes granulating
The particle of diameter 4mm-5mm；By tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits by natural packing fermentation (the high 2m of heap keeps windrow wet, every two
Month turning is primary, 8 months composting time or more), harmful object is grown to hypha of edible fungus to eliminate tannin therein, grease etc.
After composting, tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits are dried for matter, spare.Lignin accounts for about 52.10% in tea seed episperm, and carbohydrate accounts for
30.60%；Lignin accounts for about 43.35% in tea Pu, and carbohydrate accounts for 28.36%.
Corncob: being dried, be ground into the particle of niblet size, spare.
Wheat bran: wheat wheat cortex separated during processing flour.Wheat bran enzyme system rich in, protein, carbon
Hydrate, vitamin and minerals etc..
Leached tea oil slag: tea seed squeezes remaining slag after tea oil.Crude fibre amount accounts for about 9.4% in leached tea oil slag, and crude protein quantity accounts for
25.8%.
Soy meal: as available nutrient, promote mycelia fast-growth, and biotin etc. can be provided for Growth of Flammulina Velutipes.
Pulverized limestone, precipitated calcium carbonate: being commercially available product.It adjusts, stablize culture material pH value.
Sucrose: it as the supplement of needle mushroom Initial stage of culture carbon source, while also can induce the generation of ectoenzyme, accelerate to thick fibre
The utilization of the raw materials such as dimension.
The production method of culture material, includes the following steps:
1. prewetting: tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits, corncob siccative are mixed thoroughly, it is pre- with limewash (pulverized limestone is dissolved in water)
Wet 2h makes the water content of mixture be maintained at 50%-55%；
2. spice: first wheat bran, leached tea oil slag, soy meal, precipitated calcium carbonate siccative are mixed thoroughly, be then added to prewetted it is mixed
It closes in material, is then slowly added aqueous sucrose solution, side edged is mixed, stirred, and the water content of culture material is maintained at
63%-65%；
3. bottling beats and plants bacterium hole: culture material being packed into 1100ml 78mmPP plastic bottle, stamps and plants bacterium hole, plants bacterium hole aperture
For 16mm, the bottle cap of the ventilative sponge of band is then covered；
4. sterilizing, cooling: culture material being carried out high pressure sterilization, first sterilize at 100 DEG C 1h, then rises to 121 DEG C of sterilizings
1.5h naturally cools to 25 DEG C or less after sterilizing.
Culture material is after accessing strain, and at 18 DEG C -20 DEG C, humid control passes through in 60%-75% for cultivation temperature control
The culture of 24d-25d, mycelia cover with bottle, can enter management of producing mushroom.
The present invention is aided with the auxiliary materials such as corncob, wheat bran, leached tea oil slag, soy meal using tea seed episperm, tea Pu as primary raw material, system
Make Enoki mushroom cultivation material.Compared with wood dust culture material, the advantage is that: reasonable, the bacterium material gas permeability first is that culture material thickness is arranged in pairs or groups
Good, the Flammulina velutipes mycelium speed of growth is fast, and the full bottle time shortens；Second is that fermented by natural packing, it is wooden in tea seed episperm, tea Pu
The substance decompositions such as element, cellulose, hemicellulose, pectic substance are the simple material for being conducive to Flammulina velutipes mycelium absorption, promote gold
The formation of needle massee fruiting bodies former base, output increased 35%-40%；Third is that having widened culturing raw material channel, production is greatly reduced
Cost.
Specific embodiment
Mode 1: Enoki mushroom cultivation material includes following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment: tea seed episperm bits 28%, tea Pu
Bits 22%, corncob 20%, wheat bran 18%, leached tea oil slag 5%, soy meal 5%, precipitated calcium carbonate 1%, pulverized limestone 0.5%, sucrose
0.5%, it is all the quality of dry matter, the sum of proportion is 100%.
Production method:
1. prewetting: tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits, corncob siccative are mixed thoroughly, it is pre- with limewash (pulverized limestone is dissolved in water)
Wet 2h makes the water content of mixture be maintained at 50%-55%；
2. spice: first wheat bran, leached tea oil slag, soy meal, precipitated calcium carbonate siccative are mixed thoroughly, be then added to prewetted it is mixed
It closes in material, is then slowly added aqueous sucrose solution, side edged is mixed, stirred, and the water content of culture material is maintained at
63%-65%；
3. bottling beats and plants bacterium hole: culture material being packed into 1100ml 78mmPP plastic bottle, stamps and plants bacterium hole, plants bacterium hole aperture
For 16mm, the bottle cap of the ventilative sponge of band is then covered；
4. sterilizing, cooling: culture material being carried out high pressure sterilization, first sterilize at 100 DEG C 1h, then rises to 121 DEG C of sterilizings
1.5h naturally cools to 25 DEG C or less after sterilizing；
Culture material is after accessing strain, and cultivation temperature is controlled at 20 DEG C, and humid control is 65%, by the culture of 24d, bacterium
Filament length expires bottle, can enter management of producing mushroom.
Mode 2: Enoki mushroom cultivation material includes following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment: tea seed episperm bits 30%, tea Pu
Bits 20%, corncob 20%, wheat bran 18%, leached tea oil slag 5%, soy meal 5%, precipitated calcium carbonate 1%, pulverized limestone 0.5%, sucrose
0.5%, it is all the quality of dry matter, the sum of proportion is 100%.Production method reference mode 1.
Mode 3: Enoki mushroom cultivation material includes following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment: tea seed episperm bits 32%, tea Pu
Bits 18%, corncob 20%, wheat bran 18%, leached tea oil slag 5%, soy meal 5%, precipitated calcium carbonate 1%, pulverized limestone 0.5%, sucrose
0.5%, it is all the quality of dry matter, the sum of proportion is 100%.Production method reference mode 1.
Mode 4 (control group): sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, sucrose 1%.
By following table it is found that the tea seed episperm of mode used is considered to be worth doing, tea Pu bits culture material mycelia expires bottle number of days and shortens 5d- than control group
6d, biological efficiency are more than control level, output increased 35%-40%.
Influence of the culture material of table different modes to yield of flammulina velutipes
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Enoki mushroom cultivation material, it is characterised in that:
(1) ingredient: tea seed episperm bits 28%-32%, tea Pu bits 18%-22%, corncob 20%, wheat bran 18%, leached tea oil slag 5%,
Soy meal 5%, precipitated calcium carbonate 1%, pulverized limestone 0.5%, sucrose 0.5% are all the quality of dry matter, and the sum of proportion is
100%；
(2) tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits: tea seed episperm bits are the particle that tea seed episperm dried, was ground into partial size 2mm-3mm, and tea Pu bits are
The particle of partial size 4mm-5mm is dried, is ground into tea Pu；Tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits have to pass through natural packing and ferment, the high 2m of heap,
Keep windrow wet, every turning in two months is primary, 8 months composting time or more, to eliminate tannin therein, grease to edible mushroom
Mycelia grows harmful substance, and after composting, tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits are dried；
(3) production method of culture material:
1. prewetting: first tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits, corncob siccative being mixed thoroughly, then pulverized limestone are dissolved in water, then admixes material
In prewet 2h, so that the water content of mixture is maintained at 50%-55%；
2. spice: first mixing wheat bran, leached tea oil slag, soy meal, precipitated calcium carbonate siccative thoroughly, be then added to the mixture prewetted
In, it is then slowly added aqueous sucrose solution, side edged is mixed, stirred, and the water content of culture material is made to be maintained at 63%-
65%；
3. bottling beats and plants bacterium hole: culture material being packed into 1100ml × 78mmPP plastic bottle, stamps and plants bacterium hole, planting bacterium hole aperture is
Then 16mm covers the bottle cap of the ventilative sponge of band；
4. sterilizing, cooling: culture material is subjected to high pressure sterilization, first sterilize at 100 DEG C 1h, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 1.5h are then risen to,
25 DEG C or less are naturally cooled to after sterilizing.
2. Enoki mushroom cultivation material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the corncob is dried, is ground into corn
The particle of grain size.
3. Enoki mushroom cultivation material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the wheat bran is wheat in processing flour mistake
Separated wheat cortex in journey.
4. Enoki mushroom cultivation material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the leached tea oil slag is that tea seed squeezes tea oil
Remaining slag afterwards.
5. Enoki mushroom cultivation material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after made culture material access strain, culture
Temperature is controlled at 18 DEG C -20 DEG C, and humid control is in 60%-75%, and by the culture of 24d-25d, mycelia covers with bottle, Ji Kejin
Enter management of producing mushroom.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109275493A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-01-29 | 扶风绿保农业综合开发有限公司 | A kind of dried mushroom base-material production method |
| CN114342740A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-04-15 | 咸宁职业技术学院 | Edible fungus culture medium and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103387448A (en) * | 2013-07-07 | 2013-11-13 | 邬金飞 | Golden needle mushroom cultivation material combination and production method thereof |
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2017
- 2017-06-29 CN CN201710517552.3A patent/CN109422570A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103387448A (en) * | 2013-07-07 | 2013-11-13 | 邬金飞 | Golden needle mushroom cultivation material combination and production method thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109275493A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-01-29 | 扶风绿保农业综合开发有限公司 | A kind of dried mushroom base-material production method |
| CN114342740A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-04-15 | 咸宁职业技术学院 | Edible fungus culture medium and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190305 |