CN103214302B - Sawdust mushroom residue nutrition agent used for cultivating mozzie buster, and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
Sawdust mushroom residue nutrition agent used for cultivating mozzie buster, and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103214302B CN103214302B CN201310098253.2A CN201310098253A CN103214302B CN 103214302 B CN103214302 B CN 103214302B CN 201310098253 A CN201310098253 A CN 201310098253A CN 103214302 B CN103214302 B CN 103214302B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sawdust mushroom residue nutrition agent used for cultivating mozzie buster. The sawdust mushroom residue nutrition agent is prepared by that: bacillus subtilis is inoculated on a mixture of sawdust mushroom residue and a fresh mushroom stalk water extract; and the mixture is fermented. The preparation method comprises the steps that: A, a sawdust mushroom residue solid stacking fermentation medium is prepared, wherein 93 parts by weight of sawdust mushroom residue, 5 parts by weight of bran, and 2 parts of sucrose are compounded; the materials are blended by using the fresh mushroom stalk water extract, wherein a material-to-water ratio is 1:1.2-1.3; B, stacking fermentation is carried out; and C, the obtained fermented mushroom residue obtained in the step B is further compounded, wherein 50 parts by weight of the fermented mushroom residue, 25 parts by weight of garden soil, and 25 parts by weight of sand are compounded, such that the sawdust mushroom residue nutrition agent is obtained, and can be used in mozzie buster cultivating. According to the invention, a novel implementation scheme is provided for edible mushroom industry waste utilization development, and an optimized technical approach is provided by large-scale cultivation of the economic plant mozzie buster.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nutrition agent that utilizes wood chip matter bacterium chaff cultivation fragrant ornamental plant Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii and preparation method thereof, the biology that belongs to wood chip matter bacterium chaff in mushroom industry develops and appreciates the preparation method of leaf plant growing material.
Background technology
China is Edible Fungi big country, edible mushrooms gross annual output amount approximately 1.8 × 10
7t, after the mushroom of gathering, remaining cultivation matrix is bacterium chaff, and the annual bacterium chaff producing of China is greatly about 4.57 × 10
7t left and right.Wood chip is that wooden rotten type edible mushrooms is as the main raw material in the cultivations such as mushroom, needle mushroom, auricularia auriculajudae, only taking mushroom as example, the mushroom production of China has accounted for 70% of world wide production, wood chip matter bacterium chaff output is huge, and the annual wood chip matter bacterium chaff producing is not effectively processed mostly, discarded wood chip matter bacterium chaff arbitrarily abandons, and causes the secondary pollution of agriculture pollution of area source or mushroom, or burns generation waste gas.Environment is impacted.At present, caused a series of environmental problem because wood chip matter bacterium chaff arbitrarily abandons, easily grown various microorganisms, become the environment living contaminants source of Edible Fungi around and even agriculture production, caused potential biology to threaten.What therefore solve wood chip matter bacterium chaff utilizes problem just significant.Although the most of nutrient in matrix is utilized, contained organic substance, carbon nitrogen nutrition and trace element element etc. are still very abundant.Wood chip matter planting material is after fruiting, although part matrix is decomposed, has absorbed a part of nutrition, but after the decomposition of edible mushrooms, produce again new mushroom secondary metabolite simultaneously, in wood chip matter bacterium chaff, also contain a large amount of mycelium and unemployed organism, after measured, the wood chip matter bacterium chaff taking wood chip after main raw material mushroom culture, their crude protein, crude fat, robust fibre, mineral substance and nitrogen-free extract are respectively 8.7%, 6.2%, 30.6%, 7.9%, 42.0%.In addition, in the mushroom course of processing, a large amount of champignon stems have been rejected.Champignon stems accounts for 1/5 of mushroom dry mass, and in champignon stems, except food fibre is than mushroom lid height, other composition and mushroom lid are substantially close, but because palatability is poor, in deep-processing process, by a large amount of rejectings, with regard to the whole nation, there is every year few hundred thousand tonnes of champignon stems to go out of use.
Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii (English name: MozzieBuster), is a kind of brand-new India kurrajong, and perennial, within 2 years, draft turns xylophyta, is a kind of plant type mosquito repellent product, and Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii is mosquito repellent not only, purifies air.Its blade is whirling, and the four seasons are long green, have beautiful external form, attitude gracefulness.Being placed in chamber, is also extraordinary ornamental plant.Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii is also very easy to moulding, satisfactory and change, and also can make potted landscape.At present there is good plantation DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT in China.Utilize peculiar nutritive value and the physical property of wood chip matter bacterium chaff, be aided with Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii is grown and had the fresh mushroom stem extracting solution of promoter action, through preparation, can meet the nutritional requirement of its growth, also for the resource utilization exploitation of wood chip matter bacterium chaff and mushroom industry processing waste mushroom stem provides new technological line.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing wood chip matter bacterium chaff cultivation Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii; for the resource utilization exploitation of mushroom industry waste provides a kind of brand-new embodiment; a kind of technological line of optimization is provided for the large-scale planting of this economic plants of Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii simultaneously, realizes green circulation economy pattern, improve ecology.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows.
For cultivating a wood chip matter wood chip bacterium chaff nutrition agent for Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii, described wood chip matter wood chip bacterium chaff nutrition agent is on the mixture of wood chip matter bacterium chaff and fresh mushroom stem lixiviate water, inoculate subtilis and make through fermentation.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the fermentating formula of described wood chip matter wood chip bacterium chaff nutrition agent, also comprise wheat bran and/or sugar.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the batching of described wood chip matter wood chip bacterium chaff nutrition agent, also comprise garden soil and/or husky.
A method of preparing above-mentioned wood chip matter wood chip bacterium chaff nutrition agent, its step comprises:
The preparation of A, the solid-state heap fermentation substratum of wood chip matter bacterium chaff: get by weight 2 parts of 93 parts of wood chip bacterium chaffs, 5 parts, wheat bran, sucrose and carry out compositely, use waste fresh mushroom stem extracting solution spice, material-water ratio is 1:(1.2-1.3); Wherein, the preparation method of fresh mushroom stem extracting solution is: the waste fresh mushroom stem of pruning: 0.5%Nacl aqueous solution 1:10(w/w), smash micro-boiling 10 minutes, 2 times, filter, merge to obtain filtrate spice.
B, heap fermentation: on the substratum of steps A preparation, carry out bacillus subtilis microbial agent inoculation, build heap heap fermentation, timing turning, has fermented for 8-10 days; Gained fermentation wood chip matter bacterium chaff product comprises the required various nutrients of Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii plant culture;
C, step B gained fermentation wood chip matter bacterium chaff is carried out further composite, get by weight fermentation wood chip matter bacterium chaff 50-60 part, garden soil 25-35 part, husky 12-18 part and carry out compositely, obtain wood chip matter wood chip bacterium chaff nutrition agent, for the cultivation of Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned preparation method, in steps A, first the wood chip matter bacterium chaff using dries and is crushed to 0.4-0.6cm and sieves, then is used for carrying out the preparation of substratum.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned preparation method, in steps A, use waste fresh mushroom stem extracting solution spice, fresh mushroom stem extracting solution consumption is controlled at the windrow hand seam water outlet degree of holding.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned preparation method, while building heap heap fermentation in step B, building heap specification is 2m × 1.5m × 10m; Within in fermenting process three days, turn over once heap.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned preparation method, in step C, the fermentation wood chip matter bacterium chaff using first spread out be exposed to the sun 1-3 days and smash after be used for again carrying out composite.
As a kind of optimal technical scheme of above-mentioned preparation method, in step C, in step C, control gained wood chip bacterium chaff nutrition agent and there is subacidity, be beneficial to the growth of Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii.
Adopt the beneficial effect that produces of technique scheme to be: the present invention has opened up the biological utilization methods of the wood chip matter bacterium chaff in a kind of implantation methods and mushroom industry of Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii, in addition the compatibility utilization of waste fresh mushroom stem extracting solution, has comprehensively drawn the composite aftertreatment technology after pre-treatment formula before wood chip matter bacterium chaff heap fermentation, wood chip matter bacterium chaff are with operational path and the heap fermentation of fresh mushroom stem extracting solution spice heap fermentation.The resource utilization exploitation that the present invention is mushroom industry waste provides a kind of brand-new embodiment; simultaneously for the large-scale planting of this economic plants of Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii has been opened up a kind of technological line of optimization; really realize green circulation economy pattern, be all significant for existing planting edible mushroom industry, mushroom stem comprehensive utilization industry, Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii plantation industry!
In the present invention, the compatibility of the recycling of wood chip matter bacterium chaff, waste fresh mushroom stem extracting solution uses, and all meets the technical requirements of recycling economy, is not only conducive to the deep development of resource, and contributes to reduce environmental pollution.Wood chip matter bacterium chaff is prepared into culicifuge incense showy flowers of herbaceous plants soil by the present invention, and the latter possesses very high nutritive property and water conservation ventilation property, and can reduce the cost of hole plate seedling growth.Cultivation Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii can increase flower-grower's income, can also transform agroforestry waste, reduces environmental pollution, significant for Economic development and ecological improvement.Method material of the present invention is easy to get, cost is low, economic benefit is high and ecological significance is great.
Beneficial effect of the present invention has been verified in following experimental study.
Test 1, the broiler diets comparative study of quick-acting carbon source sucrose in the solid-state heap fermentation of wood chip matter bacterium chaff
Although wood chip matter bacterium chaff itself is due to the existence of the material such as mycelium, secondary metabolite, nutritious, but be the Fast-propagation that improves heap fermentation efficiency, is more conducive to early stage subtilis in solid-state heap fermentation, on different carbon nitrogen source pilot studies basis, sucrose and wheat bran that design low value is easy to get are studied as proportioning material as quick-acting carbon sources and quick-acting carbon source.
Microbial inoculum subtilis living bacteria count (hundred million/g) >=100 used.Wood chip matter bacterium chaff is pulverized with Chinese medicine material crushing machine, crosses 60 mesh sieves for subsequent use.Weigh 93 grams and after 5 grams of wheat brans, add sucrose to be dissolved in clear water according to the weight of weight ratio 1,2,3,4 respectively, mix spice by 1:1.2 material-water ratio, after autoclaving 30 minutes, add with batch equivalent microbial inoculum by the bacterium amount that the connects aseptic technique of 10,000,000,000/g wood chip matter bacterium chaff, 37 DEG C of cultivations, conventional gradient dilution colony counting method inspection bacterium, the growing state of subtilis under evaluation different sugar concentration.Be contrast with sucrose group.
The growing state of subtilis under the different sucrose additions of table 1
Result shows, sucrose adds effectively, can be used as quick-acting carbon sources, before 48 hours, promoted subtilis determine grow, shorten its fermentation adaptive phase, substantially convergent after 5 days, therefore complex art and economic factors, sucrose addition is advisable with 2 parts of groups.
The use of test 2, waste fresh mushroom stem extracting solution
Waste fresh mushroom stem is many at present directly to be abandoned, but wherein also has a large amount of nutritive substances to utilize.This research and design clear water be the waste fresh mushroom stem extracting solution spice experiment of contrast.This experiment fresh mushroom stem is taken from teaching and scientific research practice base, our unit Laishui, and preparation method as previously mentioned; Soluble solid content 2%.
Microbial inoculum subtilis living bacteria count (hundred million/g) >=100 used.Wood chip matter bacterium chaff is pulverized with pulverizer, crosses 60 mesh sieves for subsequent use.Weigh 93 grams and mix with addition of 5 grams of wheat brans, 2 grams of sucrose after, press the material-water ratio fresh mushroom stem extracting solution spice of 1:1.2, after autoclaving 30 minutes, add with batch equivalent microbial inoculum by the bacterium amount that the connects aseptic technique of 10,000,000,000/g wood chip matter bacterium chaff, 37 DEG C of cultivations, conventional gradient dilution colony counting method inspection bacterium, the effect of evaluation fresh mushroom stem extracting solution.If clear water is contrast.
Table 2 fresh mushroom stem extracting solution adds the observation on Growth to subtilis
Fresh mushroom stem extracting solution due to still contain can for subtilis breeding, the nutrient such as protein, using it as spice water, contribute to the solid-state heap fermentation process of wood chip matter bacterium chaff in the present invention, make up the nutrient deficiency of wood chip matter bacterium chaff.
Test 3, wood chip matter wood chip bacterium chaff nutrition agent are cultivated two leaf one heart stage Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii growth contrasts
With the wood chip matter bacterium chaff of preparation of the present invention, through the combination and compatibility with garden soil, river sand, be wood chip matter wood chip bacterium chaff nutrition agent.Wood chip matter bacterium chaff and river sand, all there is the effect of the ventilation property that increases base-material, wood chip matter bacterium chaff after garden soil and fermentation has improved the water-retentivity of simple wood chip matter bacterium chaff, in wood chip matter bacterium chaff after the present invention's preparation, contain the good trace element of abundant nitrogen phosphorus potassium, organism, be conducive to absorbing of plant.
Experiment arranges: process 1: common soil; Process 2: the wood chip matter wood chip bacterium chaff nutrition agent of clear water spice fermentation; Process 3: the wood chip matter wood chip bacterium chaff nutrition agent of fresh mushroom stem extracting solution spice fermentation; Process 4: commercially available Nutrition Soil; Treatment process: after conventional breeding, get two leaf one heart stage Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleeniis, in different experiments, lower cultivation five days are set, observation growth indexes data.
Table 3 wood chip matter wood chip bacterium chaff nutrition agent is cultivated two leaf one heart stage Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii growth indexes contrasts
Comparing result shows, wood chip matter wood chip bacterium chaff nutrition agent of the present invention can well be cultivated fragrant ornamental plant Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii, after fresh mushroom stem extracting solution spice heap fermentation, due to its abundant mushroom (macro fungi such as mushroom, needle mushroom; Subtilis) secondary metabolite, and the trace element containing in fresh mushroom stem extracting solution, wood chip matter bacterium chaff, show the promoter action to Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii plant development.
Embodiment
Following examples describe the present invention in detail.Various raw material used in the present invention and items of equipment are conventional commercially available prod, all can be bought directly and be obtained by market.
Embodiment 1, the cultivation of mushroom wood chip matter bacterium chaff
1, select wood chip matter bacterium chaff after sawdust mushroom cultivation to dry to be crushed to 0.4cm and be advisable;
2, get 93 parts of wood chip matter bacterium chaffs by quality proportioning: 5 parts, wheat bran, 2 parts of sucrose, use waste fresh mushroom stem extracting solution spice, material-water ratio is 1:1.2, can grasp to holding the water outlet of windrow hand seam and be advisable in production operation.Wherein, the preparation method of fresh mushroom stem extracting solution is: the waste fresh mushroom stem of pruning: 0.5%Nacl aqueous solution 1:10(w/w), smash micro-boiling 10 minutes, 2 times, filter, merge to obtain filtrate spice.
3, commercially available bacillus subtilis microbial agent inoculation, inoculum size is taking microbial inoculum service requirements as fixed, and routine is built heap heap fermentation, 2m × 1.5m × 10m.Within three days, turn over once heap, moisturizing in right amount in turning process.About 9 days, fermentation completes.While fermentation, present brownly, free from extraneous odour, without going mouldy.
4, fine day is spread fermentation heap to be exposed to the sun two days out, smashes or pulverizer pulverizing.Composite with reference to ratio below: fermentation wood chip matter bacterium chaff: garden soil: river sand: 60%, 25%, 15%, potted plant or bed is planted, and makes Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii wood chip matter bacterium chaff nutrition cultivation matrix.
5, conventional Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii cultivating and growing management.
Embodiment 2, the cultivation of needle mushroom wood chip matter bacterium chaff
1, select wood chip matter bacterium chaff after cultivation on sawdust needle mushroom to dry to be crushed to 0.5cm and be advisable;
2, get 93 parts of wood chip matter bacterium chaffs by quality proportioning: 5 parts, wheat bran, 2 parts of sucrose, use starch industry processing waste fresh mushroom stem extracting solution spice, material-water ratio is 1:1.3, can grasp to holding the water outlet of windrow hand seam and be advisable in production operation.Wherein, the preparation method of fresh mushroom stem extracting solution is: the waste fresh mushroom stem of pruning: 0.5%Nacl aqueous solution 1:10(w/w), smash micro-boiling 10 minutes, 2 times, filter, merge to obtain filtrate spice.
3, commercially available bacillus subtilis microbial agent inoculation, inoculum size is taking microbial inoculum service requirements as fixed, and routine is built heap heap fermentation, 2m × 1.5m × 10m.Within three days, turn over once heap, moisturizing in right amount in turning process.About 10 days, fermentation completes.While fermentation, present brownly, free from extraneous odour, without going mouldy.
4, fine day is spread fermentation heap to be exposed to the sun two days out, smashes or pulverizer pulverizing.Composite with reference to ratio below: fermentation wood chip matter bacterium chaff: garden soil: river sand: 55%, 30%, 15%, potted plant or bed is planted, and makes Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii wood chip matter bacterium chaff nutrition cultivation matrix.
5, conventional Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii cultivating and growing management.
Embodiment 3, the cultivation of mushroom wood chip matter bacterium chaff
1, select wood chip matter bacterium chaff after sawdust mushroom cultivation to dry to be crushed to 0.6cm and be advisable;
2, get 93 parts of wood chip matter bacterium chaffs by quality proportioning: 5 parts, wheat bran, 2 parts of sucrose, use starch industry processing waste fresh mushroom stem extracting solution spice, material-water ratio is 1:1.25, can grasp to holding the water outlet of windrow hand seam and be advisable in production operation.Wherein, the preparation method of fresh mushroom stem extracting solution is: the waste fresh mushroom stem of pruning: 0.5%Nacl aqueous solution 1:10(w/w), smash micro-boiling 10 minutes, 2 times, filter, merge to obtain filtrate spice.
3, commercially available bacillus subtilis microbial agent inoculation, inoculum size is taking microbial inoculum service requirements as fixed, and routine is built heap heap fermentation, 2m × 1.5m × 10m.Within three days, turn over once heap, moisturizing in right amount in turning process.About 8 days, fermentation completes.While fermentation, present brownly, free from extraneous odour, without going mouldy.
4, fine day is spread fermentation heap to be exposed to the sun two days out, smashes or pulverizer pulverizing.Composite with reference to ratio below: fermentation wood chip matter bacterium chaff: garden soil: river sand: 52%, 35%, 13%, potted plant or bed is planted, and makes Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii wood chip matter bacterium chaff nutrition cultivation matrix.
5, conventional Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii cultivating and growing management.
Embodiment 4, the cultivation of needle mushroom wood chip matter bacterium chaff
1, select wood chip matter bacterium chaff after cultivation on sawdust needle mushroom to dry to be crushed to 0.55cm and be advisable;
2, get 93 parts of wood chip matter bacterium chaffs by quality proportioning: 5 parts, wheat bran, 2 parts of sucrose, use mushroom industrial waste fresh mushroom stem extracting solution spice, material-water ratio is 1:1.2, can grasp to holding the water outlet of windrow hand seam and be advisable in production operation.Wherein, the preparation method of fresh mushroom stem extracting solution is: the waste fresh mushroom stem of pruning: 0.5%Nacl aqueous solution 1:10(w/w), smash micro-boiling 10 minutes, 2 times, filter, merge to obtain filtrate spice.
3, commercially available bacillus subtilis microbial agent inoculation, inoculum size is taking microbial inoculum service requirements as fixed, and routine is built heap heap fermentation, 2m × 1.5m × 10m.Within three days, turn over once heap, moisturizing in right amount in turning process.About 9 days, fermentation completes.While fermentation, present brownly, free from extraneous odour, without going mouldy.
4, fine day is spread fermentation heap to be exposed to the sun two days out, smashes or pulverizer pulverizing.Composite with reference to ratio below: fermentation wood chip matter bacterium chaff: garden soil: river sand: 50%, 35%, 15%, potted plant or bed is planted, and makes Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii wood chip matter bacterium chaff nutrition cultivation matrix.
5, conventional Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii cultivating and growing management.
Foregoing description only proposes as the enforceable technical scheme of the present invention, not as the Single restriction condition to its technical scheme itself.
Claims (5)
1. for cultivating the preparation method of wood chip bacterium chaff nutrition agent of Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii, its characterization step comprises:
The preparation of A, the solid-state heap fermentation substratum of wood chip bacterium chaff: get by weight 2 parts of 93 parts of wood chip bacterium chaffs, 5 parts, wheat bran, sucrose and carry out compositely, use fresh mushroom stem lixiviate water spice, material-water ratio is 1:(1.2-1.3);
Wherein, first the wood chip bacterium chaff using dries and is crushed to 0.4-0.6cm and sieves, then is used for carrying out the preparation of substratum; The preparation method of described fresh mushroom stem lixiviate water is: the waste fresh mushroom stem of pruning by weight 1:10 proportioning, is smashed micro-boiling 10 minutes with the 0.5%Nacl aqueous solution, 2 times, filter, and merge to obtain filtrate spice;
B, heap fermentation: on the substratum of steps A preparation, carry out bacillus subtilis microbial agent inoculation, build heap heap fermentation, timing turning, has fermented for 8-10 days; Gained zymophyte chaff product comprises the required various nutrients of Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii plant culture;
C, step B gained zymophyte chaff is carried out further composite, get by weight 25 parts, 50 parts of zymophyte chaffs, garden soil, husky 25 parts and carry out compositely, obtain wood chip bacterium chaff nutrition agent, for the cultivation of Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in steps A, use fresh mushroom stem lixiviate water spice, fresh mushroom stem lixiviate water consumption is controlled at the windrow hand seam water outlet degree of holding.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: while building heap heap fermentation in step B, building heap specification is 2m × 1.5m × 10m; Within in fermenting process three days, turn over once heap.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step C, the zymophyte chaff using first spread out be exposed to the sun 1-3 days and smash after be used for again carrying out composite.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step C, control gained wood chip bacterium chaff nutrition agent and have subacidity, be beneficial to the growth of Pelargonium Citrosum Vanleenii.
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| CN102701869A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-03 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Crop straw leach liquor for improving fertilizer efficiency of mycorrhizal fungi fertilizer and preparation method of crop straw leach liquor |
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