CN102924174A - Cucumber growing medium using pig manures and biogas residues as fertilizer sources, and preparation method of cucumber growing medium - Google Patents
Cucumber growing medium using pig manures and biogas residues as fertilizer sources, and preparation method of cucumber growing medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cucumber growing medium using pig manures and biogas residues as fertilizer sources, and a preparation method of the cucumber growing medium. The cucumber growing medium comprises biogas residues, vermiculite, turf and perlite in the weight part ratio of (2.5-3.5):3:(2.5-3.5):1. The biogas residues are from the biogas residues obtained after full fermentation in a large biogas digester, dried after solid-liquid separation and then crushed with a crusher; and Bacillus subtilis metabolites are absorbed on the turf. The defect that the traditional growing medium is predominant in turf is overcome, the usage of turf is reduced, the cost of the medium is reduced, and the ecological environment is protected; the pig manures and biogas residues are effectively utilized, the industry chain of biogas engineering is extended, and the environmental pollution caused by the pig manures and biogas residues is reduced; and meanwhile, the disease incidence rate of seedlings is effectively reduced, and the resistance against diseases of plants at the late growth stage is enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the cultivation technique without soil field, be specifically related to a kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate take pig manure natural pond slag as the source of manure and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, along with the formulation of 12 planning, the eye all building-up work in green vegetables base has also been carried out on a grand scale, and the planting scale of facilities vegetable is also increasing.The quality of vegetables young plant not only is related to healthy state, resistance against diseases, product quality and the output in vegetables later stage, and can have influence on the sound development of vegetables industry, therefore seedling medium is as the growth conditions of seedling development, and its choose reasonable becomes the prerequisite that ensures that vegetables industry develops in a healthy way.The seedling medium that also exists employing garden mould and fertilizer to be mixed in producing at present owing to can contain pathogenic bacteria in the garden mould, seedling death phenomenon can occur in the seedling raising process, and also can bring out the band vaccine, and is easily susceptible after the young plant field planting, affects the healthy growth of vegetables; Grow seedlings of vegetable both at home and abroad adopts take the peat composed of rotten mosses as main composite interstitial substance, but the ununiformity of peat composed of rotten mosses resource distribution and non-renewable not only makes seedling cost constantly rise, and meeting havoc ecotope; Simultaneously along with the enhancing of people's environmental consciousness and to the high request of quality of vegetable, biogenic various formulation applications have reduced pesticide residue in produce, and have guaranteed the quality of vegetables, are inevitable demands in the agricultural development process.
Flourish along with the biogas cause, the aquaculture animal excrement effectively obtain harmless treatment and recycling, but a large amount of outputs of biogas resistates are such as recycling not, also can cause the wasting of resources, and serious secondary pollution, bring white elephant to environment, so the reasonable utilization of biogas resistates becomes the key of guaranteeing that biogas has a successful career and develops.Contain the abundant nutritive ingredient such as N, P, K, organic matter, humic acid, biologically active substance, trace element in the slag of biogas resistates natural pond; the main source of manure as cucumber seedling-raising substrate; in seedling raising process, can provide required nutrient; guarantee the stalwartness of cucumber young plant, ensure the production of green vegetables.Present published Patents has " cow dung biogas slag flower culture matrix ", " Tomato Plug artificial breeding matrix " and " the raising seedling of cotton matrix that vinasse natural pond slag makes ", but utilizes pig natural pond slag to yet there are no relevant open source information for the cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the source of manure.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for solving the non-renewable problem of existing cucumber seedling-raising substrate prices of raw and semifnished materials costliness and resource, what solve simultaneously that large-scale pig farm biogas engineering produces a large amount of natural ponds slag efficiently utilizes problem, the invention provides a kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate take pig natural pond slag as the source of manure and preparation method thereof.
Thinking of the present invention is, cucumber seedling-raising substrate is take pig manure natural pond slag as the source of manure, and namely the fermentation raw material of natural pond slag is pig manure, and with the natural pond slag: vermiculite: the peat composed of rotten mosses: perlite is mixed with cucumber seedling-raising substrate in proportion.
A kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate take pig manure natural pond slag as the source of manure of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises following component by ratio of weight and the number of copies:
Preferably, described a kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate take pig manure natural pond slag as the source of manure, it comprises following component by ratio of weight and the number of copies:
Described natural pond slag is pig manure natural pond slag, and described pig manure natural pond slag is the biogas residue of large methane tank fermentation finished thoroughly1, naturally dries after solid-liquid separation.
The nutrient content of described pig manure natural pond slag is: organic 37.02-40.23%, full nitrogen 2.32-3.01%, full phosphorus 4.58-6.01%, full potassium 1.10-1.65%, iron 7198-7800mg/g, manganese 634-689mg/kg, copper 232-265mg/kg, zinc 1400-1700mg/kg, calcium 8200-9100mg/kg, magnesium 2687-3200mg/kg.
The described peat composed of rotten mosses has adsorbed the meta-bolites of subtilis, its water content approximately 18 ~ 23%.
A kind of preparation method take pig manure natural pond slag as the cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the source of manure, it may further comprise the steps:
The separation of a, natural pond slag, drying, pulverizing: the pig manure natural pond slag of fermentation finished thoroughly1 after solid-liquid separating machine separates, after the natural pond slag dried, is pulverized with pulverizer.
The preparation of b, subtilis meta-bolites: through the NB culture medium culturing after 48 hours, whizzer 5000r/min is after centrifugal 20 minutes with subtilis, remove precipitation after supernatant liquor stand-by.
Described NB culture medium prescription is: extractum carnis 0.5%, peptone 1%, sodium-chlor 0.5% and glucose 2%.
The preparation of c, the absorption meta-bolites peat composed of rotten mosses: with the peat composed of rotten mosses dry remove moisture content after, the meta-bolites of absorption subtilis, the water content of the peat composed of rotten mosses is 18 ~ 23% after the absorption.
D, vermiculite and perlite are all pulverized for subsequent use, they are all available from market.
E, ready natural pond slag, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite and the perlite ratio of weight and number by each component is added, be cucumber seedling-raising substrate through the cylinder mixing.
In the cucumber seedling-raising substrate, what of natural pond slag content are very large to the growth effect of cucumber, and content too much reduces the seedling rate of cucumber, does not putresce when cucumber cotyledons grows, and the slow blade of growth of seedling is less; The very few seedling rate to cucumber of content does not have a significant impact, but obvious fertilizer deficiency symptom will occur before cucumber seedling is transplanted; The percentage of germination of the selected prescription cucumber seeds of the present invention can reach more than 94%, and the morphological index of the front seedling of transplanting seedlings and Partial Physiological Indexes all are better than contrast.
The peat composed of rotten mosses in the cucumber seedling-raising substrate has adsorbed the meta-bolites of subtilis, water content approximately about 20%; This meta-bolites is neutral, have to promote preferably seed germination, take root and the effect of the soil-borne diseases such as establishment damping-off, blight, but its adding concentration is unsuitable excessive, crosses conference and seedling is produced the effect that suppresses growth.
The present invention compared with prior art has following significant advantage:
Cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention can effectively reduce the usage quantity of the peat composed of rotten mosses, reduces the production cost of matrix, effectively preserves the ecological environment; The production of simultaneously a large amount of matrix can effectively reduce the secondary pollution that biogas resistates natural pond slag causes environment, has effectively safeguarded people residence living environment; The use of cucumber seedling-raising substrate can be guaranteed the stalwartness of seedling, reduces seedling-slowing stage, is beneficial to the stalwartness growth behind the Seeding planting, because its disease resistance strengthens, has reduced the use of chemical agent in the process of growth, is convenient to the production of green vegetables.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is preparation method's artwork of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The present invention tests and uses the nutrient content of natural pond slag as follows:
The nutrient content of table 1 natural pond slag
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is preparation method's artwork of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Cucumber seedling-raising substrate main component ratio of weight and number is: natural pond slag: vermiculite: the peat composed of rotten mosses: perlite is 2.5:3:3.5:1; Above-mentioned each component is namely obtained cucumber seedling-raising substrate by the corresponding proportion mixing.
Embodiment 2:
Cucumber seedling-raising substrate main component ratio of weight and number is: natural pond slag: vermiculite: the peat composed of rotten mosses: perlite is 3:3:3:1; Above-mentioned each component is namely obtained seedling medium by the corresponding proportion mixing.
Embodiment 3:
Cucumber seedling-raising substrate main component ratio of weight and number is: natural pond slag: vermiculite: the peat composed of rotten mosses: perlite is 3.5:3:2.5:1; Above-mentioned each component is namely obtained seedling medium by the corresponding proportion mixing.
Embodiment 4:
Cucumber seedling-raising substrate and commercially available peat composed of rotten mosses seedling medium controlled trial
Cucumber seedling-raising substrate (embodiment 2 prescriptions) carries out controlled trial with commercially available peat composed of rotten mosses seedling medium, adopt Tianjin spring No. 2 (available from seeds company) cucumber seeds as test materials, tested in the 1-2 month in 2012 and in plant culturing chamber, Biology Inst., Hebei Academy of Sciences, carry out.Seedling medium is added water be stirred to and hold agglomerating and do not drip and be advisable, for subsequent use behind the nutrition pot of packing into.Cucumber seeds plants in the nutrition pot after plumule is exposed in vernalization.Test arranges two processing, and each processing arranges 12 basin nutrition pots, triplicate.
The result shows: compare with peat composed of rotten mosses matrix, cucumber leaves number, plant height and the stem of this invention seedling medium slightly are higher than peat composed of rotten mosses matrix; The dry matter weight of cucumber plant each several part effectively promotes the growth (table 2) of main root and fibrous root simultaneously apparently higher than peat composed of rotten mosses matrix.But the index in strong sprout (table 3) of pig manure natural pond slag seedling medium Effective Raise cucumber seedling; But the activity of relevant resistance enzyme in the slag seedling medium Effective Raise blade of pig manure natural pond, the resistance against diseases (table 4) of raising cucumber seedling.
The morphological index of the different seedling medium cucumber seedlings of table 2
Annotate: the significance of lowercase representative on 0.01 level that marks in the table.
The index in strong sprout of the different seedling mediums of table 3
The Resistant enzymes of table 4 different treatment is lived
Embodiment 5:
Cucumber seedling-raising substrate and hydroponic simultaneous test
Cucumber seedling-raising substrate (embodiment 2 prescriptions) carries out controlled trial with nutritive medium (reference formulation table 5), only adds vermiculite in the nutrition pot of nutritive medium group as culture medium, and nutritive medium is as the source of manure.The other the same as in Example 4.
Test-results sees Table 6, table 7 and table 8, and test-results is the same, and pig manure natural pond slag seedling medium is compared with nutritive medium, can effectively promote the healthy growth of plant and root system, improve the index in strong sprout of cucumber seedling, improve simultaneously in the cucumber leaves activity with the disease resistance relevant enzyme, strengthen its resistance against diseases.
Table 5 nutrient solution prescription
The morphological index of table 6 different treatment cucumber seedling
Annotate: the significance of lowercase representative on 0.01 level that marks in the table.
The index in strong sprout of table 7 different treatment
The Resistant enzymes of table 8 different treatment is lived
As seen, the pig manure natural pond slag seedling medium of this invention, but the index in strong sprout of Effective Raise cucumber seedling promote Root growth, are beneficial to the rapid field planting after transplanting seedlings, and shorten the seedling-slowing stage of cucumber; The young plant upgrowth situation of this seedling medium is better than the indices of nutritive medium, has the potentiality of alternative nutritive medium, reduces and to water the labour intensity that nutritive medium brings and the fund input that brings thus, is beneficial to the raising of economic benefit.
What of natural pond slag content are very large to the growth effect of cucumber in the cucumber seedling-raising substrate, and content too much reduces the seedling rate of cucumber, does not putresce when cucumber cotyledons grows, and the slow blade of growth of seedling is less; The very few seedling rate to cucumber of content does not have a significant impact, but obvious fertilizer deficiency symptom will occur before cucumber seedling is transplanted; The percentage of germination of the selected prescription cucumber seeds of the present invention can reach more than 94%, and the morphological index of the front seedling of transplanting seedlings and Partial Physiological Indexes all are better than contrast.
The peat composed of rotten mosses in the cucumber seedling-raising substrate has adsorbed the meta-bolites of subtilis, water content approximately about 20%; This meta-bolites is neutral, have to promote preferably seed germination, take root and the effect of the soil-borne diseases such as establishment damping-off, blight, but its adding concentration is unsuitable excessive, crosses conference and seedling is produced the effect that suppresses growth.
Cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the present invention can effectively reduce the usage quantity of the peat composed of rotten mosses, reduces the production cost of matrix, effectively preserves the ecological environment; The production of simultaneously a large amount of matrix can effectively reduce the secondary pollution that biogas resistates natural pond slag causes environment, has effectively safeguarded people residence living environment; The use of cucumber seedling-raising substrate can be guaranteed the stalwartness of seedling, reduces seedling-slowing stage, is beneficial to the stalwartness growth behind the Seeding planting, because its disease resistance strengthens, has reduced the use of chemical agent in the process of growth, is convenient to the production of green vegetables.
Claims (6)
1. cucumber seedling-raising substrate take pig manure natural pond slag as the source of manure is characterized in that it comprises following component by ratio of weight and the number of copies:
2. a kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate take pig manure natural pond slag as the source of manure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that it comprises following component by ratio of weight and the number of copies:
3. a kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate take pig manure natural pond slag as the source of manure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described natural pond slag is pig manure natural pond slag, and described pig manure natural pond slag is the biogas residue of large methane tank fermentation finished thoroughly1, naturally dries after solid-liquid separation.
4. a kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate take pig manure natural pond slag as the source of manure as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that,
The nutrient content of described pig manure natural pond slag is: organic 37.02-40.23%, full nitrogen 2.32-3.01%, full phosphorus 4.58-6.01%, full potassium 1.10-1.65%, iron 7198-7800mg/g, manganese 634-689mg/kg, copper 232-265mg/kg, zinc 1400-1700mg/kg, calcium 8200-9100mg/kg, magnesium 2687-3200mg/kg.
5. a kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate take pig manure natural pond slag as the source of manure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
The described peat composed of rotten mosses has adsorbed the meta-bolites of subtilis, its water content approximately 18 ~ 23%.
6. preparation method take pig manure natural pond slag as the cucumber seedling-raising substrate of the source of manure is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
The separation of a, natural pond slag, drying, pulverizing: the pig manure natural pond slag of fermentation finished thoroughly1 after solid-liquid separating machine separates, after the natural pond slag dried, is pulverized with pulverizer;
The preparation of b, subtilis meta-bolites: through the NB culture medium culturing after 48 hours, whizzer 5000r/min is after centrifugal 20 minutes with subtilis, remove precipitation after supernatant liquor stand-by;
Described NB culture medium prescription is: extractum carnis 0.5%, peptone 1%, sodium-chlor 0.5% and glucose 2%.
The preparation of c, the absorption meta-bolites peat composed of rotten mosses: with the peat composed of rotten mosses dry remove moisture content after, the meta-bolites of absorption subtilis, the water content of the peat composed of rotten mosses is 18 ~ 23% after the absorption;
D, all pulverize vermiculite and perlite for subsequent use;
E, ready natural pond slag, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite and the perlite ratio of weight and number by each component is added, be cucumber seedling-raising substrate through the cylinder mixing.
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| CN103539535A (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2014-01-29 | 南京农业大学 | Active biological matrix product specially used for culture of cucumber seedlings |
| CN104446880A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Vegetable seedling substrate prepared from livestock and poultry excrements as main raw materials and preparation method of vegetable seedling substrate |
| CN105330467A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-02-17 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Potted strawberry substrate formula |
| CN105693297A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-06-22 | 菏泽宏兴原种猪繁育有限公司 | Hazard-free resource recycling treatment method for livestock and poultry excrement and animal carcasses |
| CN106007914A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-10-12 | 句容市贵红蔬菜专业合作社 | Cucumber cultivating soil and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103539535A (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2014-01-29 | 南京农业大学 | Active biological matrix product specially used for culture of cucumber seedlings |
| CN103539535B (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2015-05-06 | 南京农业大学 | Active biological matrix product specially used for culture of cucumber seedlings |
| CN104446880A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Vegetable seedling substrate prepared from livestock and poultry excrements as main raw materials and preparation method of vegetable seedling substrate |
| CN105330467A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-02-17 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Potted strawberry substrate formula |
| CN105693297A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-06-22 | 菏泽宏兴原种猪繁育有限公司 | Hazard-free resource recycling treatment method for livestock and poultry excrement and animal carcasses |
| CN106007914A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-10-12 | 句容市贵红蔬菜专业合作社 | Cucumber cultivating soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN106187411A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 魏占波 | A kind of organic fertilizer |
| CN106495933A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-03-15 | 河北省科学院生物研究所 | A kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN106495933B (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2019-09-13 | 河北省科学院生物研究所 | A kind of cucumber seedling-raising substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107201229A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-09-26 | 河北省科学院生物研究所 | A kind of bioremediation agents and its preparation and application with improved soil and regulating and controlling microbial population structure function |
| CN107201229B (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2019-11-15 | 河北省科学院生物研究所 | A kind of bioremediation agents and its preparation and application with improvement soil and regulating and controlling microbial population structure function |
| CN107759276A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-03-06 | 无为县古峰生态农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of cucumber soilless culture substrate |
| CN110981606A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-04-10 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Biological fumigation synergist and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111296229A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-06-19 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | Method for preparing seedling substrate by using co-pyrolysis product of sludge and biogas residues |
| CN113841585A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-28 | 乌鲁木齐市天恒泉环保科技有限公司 | Seedling culture substrate and preparation process thereof |
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