CN107201229B - A kind of bioremediation agents and its preparation and application with improvement soil and regulating and controlling microbial population structure function - Google Patents
A kind of bioremediation agents and its preparation and application with improvement soil and regulating and controlling microbial population structure function Download PDFInfo
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- CN107201229B CN107201229B CN201710052161.9A CN201710052161A CN107201229B CN 107201229 B CN107201229 B CN 107201229B CN 201710052161 A CN201710052161 A CN 201710052161A CN 107201229 B CN107201229 B CN 107201229B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of tool improvement soil and the microorganism renovation agents of regulating and controlling microbial population structure function; it includes complex function microorganism, biomass carbon, mushroom bran and chicken manure; preparation method are as follows: mix biomass carbon, mushroom bran and chicken manure in proportion; complex microorganism dry powder is added; it is granulated after mixing through pelletizer, obtains the renovation agent particle of partial size 2-4mm.The use of bioremediation agents of the present invention can effectively facilitate the growth of crop root, improve the microbial bacteria group structure of soil, soil vitality is activated, the activity of soil enzyme is provided, soil nutrient is made to obtain Efficient Conversion and utilization, the generation of soil-borne disease is reduced, convenient for the production of green vegetables.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of soil remediation, and in particular to one kind has improvement soil, activating soil, has both regulation
The bioremediation agents preparation and application of microbiological paper method function in continuous cropping soil.
Background technique
Greenhouse is applied with the extension of Cultivation time and the long-term accumulated of fertile medicine, so that with Nutrient Cycling, organic
Matter is decomposed and disease-resistant relevant microbial flora unbalance of structure, causes soil-borne pathogen quantity to increase, soil enzymatic activities reduce, soil
There are a series of ecological functions by edaphon such as soil-borne disease aggravates, fertility reduces, physicochemical character changes in nutrient imbalance
Soil degradation problem, causes the yield of vegetables to decline caused by degenerating, quality variation, hinders the sustainable of vegetables industry for serious
Development and food safety are badly in need of environmental-friendly, economical and effective and are suitable for the biological agent of facilities vegetable degenerated soil restoration of the ecosystem,
It can ensure that the ecological functions of geobiont are not destroyed on the basis of the high-quality supply of effective guarantee product.
Every year up to 30,000,000 tons or more, the method for conventional incineration had not only polluted environment but also unrestrained for Hebei province's corn, wheat stalk amount
Take resource, and biomass pyrolytic, the gas of generation can be used for resident living under hypoxia by stalk, product is biology
Charcoal is a kind of excellent fertilizer.Contain the nutrient that abundant organic matter, potassium and plant need, the biggish specific surface of charcoal
Product, flourishing pore structure, imparting it improves soil physics structure, improves soil organic carbon, increases soil fertility
Potentiality；The space of storage and existence can be provided for nutrient, microorganism, reach function that is nutrient slowly-released and improving viable bacteria shelf life
Effect.In today that global resources increasingly scarcity, Soil Environmental Pollution problem are on the rise, biomass carbon is a kind of renewable energy
Source has the advantage of green and sustainable development.
Nutrient rich in mushroom bran, organic matter, full nitrogen, full phosphorus, full potassium, rapid available phosphorus content can meet plant
Healthy growth, while its loose structure can be effectively improved the crumb structure of soil, effectively prevent soil hardening.Chicken manure is one
The excellent organic fertilizer of kind, but the indoor application amount of canopy is excessive at present, and there are the potential danger of heavy metal in soil and antibiotic residue
Evil, therefore efficiently application becomes inevitable to its decrement.
For the above state of the art, if assessing index can be made full use of and be solved the problems, such as by above-mentioned resource, certainly will have
There are potential application prospect and wide development space.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of with the bioremediation agents for improveing soil and regulating and controlling microbial population structure function, goes forward side by side
One step provides preparation method and application, the development of the renovation agent and can effectively solve large amounts of food bacterium mushroom bran and arbitrarily stack, cause
The wasting of resources and problem of environmental pollution；A large amount of corns, wheat stalk and corncob can be also solved arbitrarily to accumulate, arbitrarily burn band
The problem of environmental pollution come, utilizes each organic matter resource efficiently.
The main original of the bioremediation agents with improvement soil and regulating and controlling microbial population structure function provided by the invention
Material is charcoal, needle mushroom mushroom bran, chicken manure and complex function micro organism powder, is formulated in optimization ratio.
Preferably, wherein chicken manure, charcoal and mushroom bran mass ratio are 4:0.5-1:4-6.
It is further preferred that wherein the mass ratio of chicken manure, mushroom bran and charcoal is 4:1:5.
The complex function microorganism includes bacillus amyloliquefaciens WS-8, bacillus subtilis BSD-2, phosphorus decomposing gemma bar
Bacterium and colloid bacillus cereus.
The complex function microorganism preparation method are as follows: be by the bacillus amyloliquefaciens WS-8(deposit number
CGMCC No.11787), bacillus subtilis BSD-2(deposit number be CGMCC No.8440), solution Bacillus phosphorus and colloid
Bacillus carries out fermented and cultured according to its respective culture medium, and mixing is spray-dried after fermentation, and it is micro- to obtain complex function
Biological dry powder.
Preferably, be added in mixed fermentation liquid when spray drying the calcium carbonate of its quality 6%-10%, 8-12%-ring paste
Essence and 2% magnesium sulfate as carrier, the condition of spray drying are as follows: 175 DEG C of inlet temperature, 85 DEG C of outlet temperature, pump speed 10mL/
Min, wind speed 30m3/ min, material temperature are 28 DEG C.
Preferably, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens WS-8, bacillus subtilis BSD-2, solution Bacillus phosphorus and colloid bud
Spore bacillus mixes according to the ratio of spore count 1:1:1:1.
Preferably, the quality of the complex function microbial dry powder is the chicken manure, mushroom bran and biomass carbon gross mass
20%。
The preparation method of above-mentioned bioremediation agents, it is characterised in that: according to the proportion by the biomass carbon, mushroom bran and chicken manure
Mixture is added complex function microbial dry powder, is granulated after mixing through pelletizer, obtains the renovation agent particle of partial size 2-4mm.
The present invention also provides the applications of above-mentioned bioremediation agents, i.e., in the form of bottom application apply, sowing amount be 400 kilograms/
Mu prevents and treats soil-borne disease for improving microbial bacteria group structure, improving soil enzymatic activities, improvement soil physico-chemical property.
The present invention has the advantages that following significant compared with prior art:
The bioremediation agents with improvement soil and regulating and controlling microbial population structure function of the invention, can the company of being effectively improved
The microbiological paper method for making soil is aided with charcoal, the three kinds of nutrition of mushroom bran and chicken manure help using complex microorganism dry powder as core
Agent makes charcoal, mushroom bran, chicken manure obtain efficient utilization, effectively reduces chicken manure, corn, wheat stalk and causes to environment
Secondary pollution, can effectively safeguard the residence living environment of people, conducive to promote agricultural economy cycle development.
Biomass carbon has the function of that water suction well, water conservation and purified water, the stink of adsorbable organic fertilizer purify canopy room
In air；Soil carbon sink can be effectively promoted, reduces the soil weight, and provide the activity space of existence for microorganism, and can have
Excessive nutrient content in effect absorption soil, to achieve the effect that sustained release.
The use of bioremediation agents of the present invention can effectively facilitate the growth of crop root, improve the microbial flora of soil
Structure activates soil vitality, provides the activity of soil enzyme, and soil nutrient is made to obtain Efficient Conversion and utilization, reduces soil-borne disease
Generation, convenient for the production of green vegetables.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below.
Biomass carbon used is corncob charcoal in following embodiment, and but it is not limited to this, each nutrient content are as follows: complete
Nitrogen 1.96g/kg, complete 2.43 g/kg of phosphorus, complete 16.40 g/kg of potassium, organic matter 199.43 g/kg, available nitrogen 37.80mg/kg, speed
Imitate phosphorus 241.75mg/kg, available potassium 15.94mg/kg, pH9.42；Charcoal possesses the physical structure of hole, can mention for microorganism
For production space, nutrient in also adsorbable soil, conducive to the sustained release of nutrient.
Mushroom bran used is needle mushroom mushroom bran in following embodiment, and but it is not limited to this, each nutrient content are as follows: full nitrogen
11.48g/kg, complete 2.43 g/kg of phosphorus, complete 9.60 g/kg of potassium, organic matter 691.78 g/kg, available nitrogen 719.60mg/kg, speed
Phosphorus 123.00mg/kg, available potassium 9.06mg/kg, pH6.91 are imitated, a large amount of crude protein, crude fibre, all kinds of amino are additionally contained
Acid can be conducive to the growth of plant.
The nutrient content of fermentation maturity chicken manure are as follows: full nitrogen 23.40 g/kg, complete 23.20 g/kg of phosphorus, complete 8.30 g/kg of potassium,
Organic matter 255.00 g/kg, available nitrogen 1621.10mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 1125.55mg/kg, available potassium 8.17mg/kg,
pH7.84。
The preparation of 1 complex microorganism dry powder of embodiment
By bacillus amyloliquefaciens WS-8, bacillus subtilis BSD-2, solution Bacillus phosphorus, colloid bacillus cereus, foundation
Its respective culture medium carries out fermented and cultured, after being mixed after fermentation with the ratio of spore count 1:1:1:1, using-cyclodextrin, carbon
Sour calcium and magnesium sulfate are wall material, and the additive amount of-cyclodextrin is 8-12%, and the additive amount of calcium carbonate is 6-10%, the addition of magnesium sulfate
Amount 2%, the above additive amount is the mass percent for accounting for mixed fermentation liquid.
As shown in Table 1, composite microbial bacteria is 10% in the optimum addition of-cyclodextrin, the optimum addition of calcium carbonate
It is 8%, the additive amount 2% of magnesium sulfate, using 175 DEG C of inlet temperature, 85 DEG C of outlet temperature, pump speed 10mL/min, wind speed 30m3/
Min, material temperature are 28 DEG C, can be conducive to form powdery easily collecting, and it is high to collect powder rate.Spore count living can be concentrated 10 times, and obtaining is 100
Hundred million/gram dry powder.
Influence of the different wall material concentrations of table 1 to finished product
。
The screening of 2 Different Nutrition additive compound ratio of embodiment
Setting 7 processing, processing 1: chicken manure, mushroom bran, charcoal mass ratio be 4:1:4；Processing 2: chicken manure, mushroom bran, biology
The mass ratio of charcoal is 4:1:5；Processing 3: chicken manure, mushroom bran, charcoal mass ratio be 4:1:6；Processing 4: chicken manure, mushroom bran, biology
The mass ratio of charcoal is 4:0.5:4；Processing 5: chicken manure, mushroom bran, charcoal mass ratio be 4:0.5:5；Processing 6: chicken manure, mushroom bran,
The mass ratio of charcoal is 4:0.5:6；The soil of each processing addition suitable quality keeps the soil quality of each processing equal, mixes
Basin is filled after even, using pure soil as blank control；
Measurement different disposal cucumber plant height, stem thickness, the statistical result of root long and the number of blade as can be seen from Table 2, with compare and its
He handles and compares, and processing 2 is remarkably improved the plant height of cucumber, stem thickness, increases the quantity of blade, resultant effect is best.Measurement
The result of the dry matter weight of different disposal cucumber different parts seen from table 3, handles 2 and processing each position dry of 3 pairs of cucumber
The combined influence effect of matter weight illustrates that the additive amount of mushroom bran should not be excessive better than processing 4, processing 5 and processing 6.Processing 1, place
Reason 2 is that the additive amount of organic fertilizer is different with 3 three processing of processing, it is seen that the additive amount of organic fertilizer is greatly to each position dry of cucumber
Instead almost, leaf weight, petiole weight, tendril weight, the stem of 2 cucumber of processing are significantly higher than processing 3, processing 3 to the impact effect of matter again
For cucumber in addition to spending and being higher than processing 2 again, other each indexs are worse than processing 2.
The comprehensive influence to cucumber morphological index and different parts amount of dry matter determines processing 2 chicken manures, mushroom bran, charcoal
Mass ratio be 4:1:5 effect it is best.
The morphological index of 2 different disposal cucumber of table
The dry matter weight of 3 different disposal cucumber of table
。
The preparation of 3 renovation agent of embodiment
Bacillus subtilis BSD-2, bacillus amyloliquefaciens WS-8, (the present embodiment selects huge bud to solution Bacillus phosphorus
Spore bacillus P1, but not limited to this bacterial strain) and colloid bacillus cereus (the present embodiment selection colloid bacillus cereus PM13, but be not limited to
This bacterial strain) it is individually cultivated using suitable method, it is compounded in the ratio of spore count 1:1:1:1, using spray-drying apparatus, with
10%-cyclodextrin, 8% calcium carbonate and 2% magnesium sulfate be wall material；175 DEG C of inlet temperature of selection, 85 DEG C of outlet temperature, pump
Fast 10mL/min, wind speed 30m3/ min, material temperature are 28 DEG C of spray drying condition, dust available 10,000,000,000/gram it is dry
Powder.
Chicken manure: mushroom bran: the optimum quality ratio of three kinds of nutritional auxiliaries of biomass carbon is 4:1:5, and complex microorganism dry powder adds
Enter 20% that amount is nutritional auxiliary gross mass, is granulated the particle for obtaining partial size 2-4mm after mixing through pelletizer.
The application effect of 4 renovation agent of embodiment
Application test is carried out in many years continuous cropping canopy room, and three processing are arranged, and processing 1 is commercially available soil conditioner, processing 2
For renovation agent, processing 3 is blank control, and modifying agent and renovation agent sowing amount are 400 kgs/acre, take Huang in the cucumber phase of uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested
The soil test index of correlation of melon rhizosphere.
4.1 different disposal cucumber rhizosphere Soil Microorganism quantity and population structure
In different disposal cucumber rhizosphere soil the measurement result of Bacterial diversity quantity by table 4 as it can be seen that compared with the control,
Application modifying agent and renovation agent processing can be substantially reduced the quantity of fungi and sharp spore bacterium in phase rhizosphere soil of uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested, wherein repairing
The effect of agent processing is best, and compared with the control, the reduced rate of fungi and sharp spore bacterium number amount is respectively 42.39% and 42.85%.
Compared with the control, the quantity of bacterium and actinomyces in rhizosphere soil can be significantly improved by applying modifying agent and renovation agent processing,
The effect of middle renovation agent processing is best, and the inoculation gaining rate of actinomyces and bacterium is 9.39% and 54.97%.The ratio of bacterium and fungi
Compared with the control with the ratio of actinomyces and fungi, hence it is evident that increase, nearly 2 times of gaining rate, wherein the application of renovation agent is more conducive to rhizosphere
Soil Microorganism Bacterial community changes to bacteria type, conducive to the incidence for reducing fungal disease.Comprehensive repair agent processing is to can
The influence of fungi, bacterium, actinomyces and Fusarium oxysporum quantity is cultivated, applying for renovation agent can be conducive to improve training in soil
The quantity and Bacterial community of microbial flora are supported, the reduction of soil-borne pathogen quantity in continuous cropping soil is reduced, is conducive to reduce disease
Incidence.
Micro organism quantity and population structure in 4 rhizosphere soil of table
。
The effect of 4.2 different disposals prevention and treatment soil-borne disease
In the entire breeding time of cucumber, the disease index of cucumber fusarium axysporum is counted, and calculates comprehensive protection effect, as a result
As shown in Table 5, compared with the control, the application of modifying agent and renovation agent can significantly reduce the disease index of soil-borne disease, raising pair
The protection effect of soil-borne disease, wherein the effect of renovation agent processing is best, and protection effect is up to 59.06%.
The disease index and protection effect of 5 cucumber fusarium axysporum of table
。
The soil enzymatic activities of 4.3 different disposal cucumber rhizospheres
Different disposal uproot plants after their edible portions have been harvested phase cucumber rhizosphere soil enzymatic activities measurement result by table 6 as it can be seen that modifying agent and renovation agent are applied
Enter to be conducive to soil urease, invertase, catalase and the active raising of Soil neutral phosphatase, wherein renovation agent is applied to each correlation
The increased effect of enzymatic activity is best；Compared with the control, urase, invertase, catalase and Soil neutral phosphatase activity in soil
The ratio that increases be respectively 9.24%, 7.86%, 36.67% and 29.06%.
6 rhizosphere soil enzyme activity of table
。
4.4 cucumber are uprooted plants after their edible portions have been harvested the physicochemical property of phase cucumber rhizosphere soil
The salinity of different disposal cucumber rhizosphere soil, bulk density, water-holding capacity and pH value measurement result by table 7 as it can be seen that changing
Good dose is conducive to the cucumber rhizosphere soil weight, the reduction of salt content and the raising of water-holding capacity, pH value with applying for renovation agent,
Conducive to the salinization of soil for preventing soil, improve the structure of soil；It is conducive to increase the water content of soil simultaneously；Wherein soil-repairing agent
Impact effect is best.Compared with the control, water-holding capacity improves 15.03%, and bulk density reduces by 15.20%.
The physicochemical property of 7 soil of table
。
Claims (4)
1. a kind of bioremediation agents with improvement soil and regulating and controlling microbial population structure function, it is characterised in that: it includes
Complex function microorganism, biomass carbon, mushroom bran and chicken manure；
The complex function microorganism preparation method are as follows: by bacillus amyloliquefaciens WS-8, bacillus subtilis BSD-2, solution
Bacillus phosphorus and colloid bacillus cereus carry out fermented and cultured according to its respective culture medium, and mixing is done by spraying after fermentation
It is dry, obtain complex function microbial dry powder；
Be added in mixed fermentation liquid when spray drying the calcium carbonate of its quality 6%-10%, 8-12%-cyclodextrin and 2% sulphur
Sour magnesium is as carrier, the condition of spray drying are as follows: and 175 DEG C of inlet temperature, 85 DEG C of outlet temperature, pump speed 10mL/min, wind speed
30m3/ min, material temperature are 28 DEG C；
Wherein chicken manure, mushroom bran and biomass carbon addition mass ratio are 4:0.5-1:4-6；
The bacillus amyloliquefaciens WS-8, bacillus subtilis BSD-2, solution Bacillus phosphorus and colloid bacillus cereus are according to spore
The ratio of subnumber 1:1:1:1 mixes；
The quality of the complex function microbial dry powder is the 20% of the chicken manure, mushroom bran and biomass carbon gross mass.
2. bioremediation agents according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: wherein chicken manure, mushroom bran and biomass carbon add matter
Amount is than being 4:1:5.
3. the preparation method of bioremediation agents as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: by the chicken manure, mushroom bran and biomass
Charcoal is mixed according to the proportion, and complex function microbial dry powder is added, is granulated after mixing through pelletizer, obtains the reparation of partial size 2-4mm
Agent particle.
4. the application of bioremediation agents as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: applied in the form of bottom application, sowing amount is
400 kgs/acre, for improving microbial bacteria group structure, improving soil enzymatic activities, improvement soil physico-chemical property, prevent and treat soil-borne disease.
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| CN105237294A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2016-01-13 | 北京世纪阿姆斯生物工程有限公司 | Biomass charcoal soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN105418316A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-03-23 | 王桂君 | Biochar fertilizer modifying agent suitable for saline-alkali soil and preparing method and application method thereof |
| CN105950509A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-09-21 | 河北科技师范学院 | Biological fungicide and preparation method as well as application thereof |
| CN106242734A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of new bio-fertilizer of anti-Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis downy mildew and preparation method thereof |
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