CN103081601A - Method for repairing greenhouse degenerated soil through charcoal - Google Patents
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- CN103081601A CN103081601A CN2011103491482A CN201110349148A CN103081601A CN 103081601 A CN103081601 A CN 103081601A CN 2011103491482 A CN2011103491482 A CN 2011103491482A CN 201110349148 A CN201110349148 A CN 201110349148A CN 103081601 A CN103081601 A CN 103081601A
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Abstract
A method for repairing greenhouse degenerated soil through charcoal includes adding charcoal into greenhouse degenerated soil and adjusting pH value of the soil to be 6-7. The method adopts charcoal to repair the greenhouse degenerated soil in in-situ mode, belongs to waste utilization and is low in cost. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of resource recycle, low cost, high repairing efficiency and the like and is an effective method.
Description
Technical field
The inventive method belongs to agricultural technology field, and it is applicable to the greenhouse degenerated soil that causes due to long-term excessive fertilization, can improve soil physical and chemical property, improves yield of vegetables, reduces the content of beary metal of edible part.
Background technology
Since the nineties in last century, along with the Installation Vegetable Cultivation area increases sharply, the proportion of facility cultivation in China vegetables produce is increasing.But, high humidity high due to the inner temperature of the facilities such as greenhouse, booth, and vegetable crop is short vegetative period, and the multiple cropping crops for rotation are many, and fertilizer requirement is high, therefore works as annual production in order to pursue, and vegetable grower's ubiquity is the situation of excessive fertilization blindly.The management style of this predation causes the greenhouse horticultural vegetable field soil to be degenerated, and shows as soil pH reduction, soil compaction, secondary salinization, soil nutrient serious disproportion, damage by disease and insect and increases the weight of etc.The degeneration of protected horticultural vegetable field soil has become the ubiquitous problem of China.
The acidifying of facility cultivation soil and hardening descends soil productivity, has had a strong impact on the yield and quality of vegetable crop.Generally, when soil pH value was 6.5 left and right, the soil validity of plant nutrient was all higher, was fit to plant growth.When pH drops to 5.5 when following, H+ can make the excessive concentration of free aluminum in soil or exchangeability aluminium, reduction-state manganese, thereby affects the activity of enzyme, reduce soil microbial activities, the biological membrane permeability of root system of plant is increased, affect plant root system development, cause the tip of a root dead when serious.Soil acidification can not only dissolve nutritive element in soil such as potassium, calcium, magnesium etc., accelerate these nutrient loss, cause soil leanness, affect plant growth, but the also toxic heavy metal element in activating soil such as Cd, Pb etc., increase vegetables to the absorption of these harmful elements with in the accumulation of edible part, improve the risk that is detrimental to health.And soil compaction makes bundle difficulty under vegetable root system, perhaps affects the breathing of plant roots due to the soil anoxic, the root phenomenon occurs macerating.
In order to improve greenhouse degenerated soil, improve the productivity of greenhouse soil, improve vegetable yields and quality, the research of the recovery technique of greenhouse degenerated soil has also obtained very much progress, many restorative procedures have been developed, such as applying organic manure, soil moved in to improve the original improvement and liming.The soil moved in to improve the original improving technology can improve soil physical and chemical property fast up hill and dale, reach the reparation purpose, but cost is very high; Applying organic manure can improve soil aggregate effectively, increase soil permeability, reduce soil compaction, improve gradually the pH of soil, but required time is longer, also may make salinity and the harmful metal elements that are present in fertilizer enter soil with fertilizer more, increase the weight of the soil salinization and environmental pressure; Liming can Quick hot room acidified soil the pH value, improve soil structure, the heavy metal element in passivation soil, be the Phyto-availability that certainly will reduce Soil Phosphorus that applies of lime to a certain extent, increase cost, and can cause secondary pollution.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of greenhouse degenerated soil of can original position repairing, improve the method for harmful element content in greenhouse soil pH and yield of vegetables, reduction vegetables.
For achieving the above object, method of repairing greenhouse degenerated soil with charcoal provided by the invention is that charcoal is joined in greenhouse degenerated soil, and the pH of soil is transferred to 6-7.
Described method, wherein, described charcoal is to fire under the anaerobic condition of 450-550 ℃ with rice straw, rice husk, rice chaff to obtain.
Described method, wherein, preferred charcoal is to fire under the anaerobic condition of 450-550 ℃ with rice straw to obtain.
Described method, wherein, described charcoal particle diameter is equal to or less than 2mm.
Described method wherein, adds the soil moisture content after charcoal to remain on 15-25%.
The present invention adopts the charcoal original position to repair greenhouse degenerated soil, belongs to twice laid, and is with low cost.Comparing with other recovery techniques, have that resource reclaims, cost is low, the remediation efficiency high, is a kind of method that effective original position is repaired greenhouse degenerated soil.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is after three kinds of different charcoals (rice straw, rice husk, rice chaff) add outdoor and greenhouse soil, soil pH (Fig. 1 a), the variation of brassinosteroid biosynthesis amount (Fig. 1 b), root long (Fig. 1 c), root surface area (Fig. 1 d) and rape body interior Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni content (Fig. 1 e-Fig. 1 h).
Embodiment
The present invention joins charcoal in greenhouse degenerated soil, improves soil pH value and soil aeration situation, increases yield of vegetables, reduces harmful element content.In the present invention the addition of charcoal with the pH value of regulating greenhouse degenerated soil be adjusted in the most suitable plant growth scope (pH to 6-7, if according to mass percent be soil quality 4%)
Charcoal is with plant biomass in the situation that the class height aromatization infusibility solid matter that produces through pyrolysis charring of anoxic wholly or in part, can with stalk remaining after agricultural wastes such as crop harvesting etc. as raw material processing fire, with low cost and agricultural wastes are turned waste into wealth, reduced from another point of view environmental pressure.Charcoal can improve rapidly the pH of greenhouse degenerated soil, improve soil physical and chemical property, increase crop yield, reduce the toxic metals element in the accumulation of crop edible part, also effectively reduced the environmental pressure of agricultural wastes, had the advantages that remediation efficiency is high, cost is low, be easy to promote.
In the method for reparation provided by the invention greenhouse degenerated soil, charcoal is to use rice straw under the condition of anoxic and 450-550 ℃ of high temperature, thermal cracking prepares and gets, the charcoal for preparing is crossed the 2mm sieve, and the ratio according to 4% joins mixing in greenhouse degenerated soil, and keeping soil moisture content is 20%, after two weeks of ageing, the mensuration soil pH value is also planted rape, and growth of rape results after 4 weeks are measured brassinosteroid biosynthesis amount, root length and heavy metal of body content.
Assay method of the present invention is to disappear with the red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) microwave to boil plant sample, ICP-MS analyzing and testing concentration of element, soil pH is measured according to NY/T 1377-2007 standard method, and the mensuration of root length and root surface area is WinRhizo software analysis after root is scanned with root scanner.
Embodiment: the repairing effect of the charcoal of firing with rice straw, rice husk, rice chaff to greenhouse degenerated soil
Be the greenhouse soil in 15 years canopy ages and the outdoor soil of outside, greenhouse for examination soil.The pH of greenhouse and outdoor soil is respectively 4.9 and 7.0.To join respectively with the charcoal that rice straw, rice husk, rice chaff are fired in two kinds of soil and abundant mixing, adding ratio is 4%, and keeping soil moisture content is 20%, and ageing was measured soil pH and rape seed is sown into soil after two weeks, results after growth of rape 4 is all.With top, deionized water flushing oil vegetable plot, dry surface moisture with blotting paper after cleaning, rape fresh weight post-drying, pulverizing are recorded in weighing, and be to be measured with constant volume after red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) micro-wave digestion plant sample; Floating method is carefully taken out root from soil and is cleaned, and with root scanner scanning, the WinRhizo software analysis is measured root length and root surface area.ICP-MS analyzes the concentration of measuring Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni.Test totally 8 processing, each processes 4 repetitions.
Result show (Fig. 1 a), three kinds of charcoals add the pH value that all can significantly increase soil, be rice straw charcoal＞rice chaff charcoal＞rice hull carbon, after adding the rice straw charcoal, the pH of outdoor soil and greenhouse soil 0.6 and 1.6 unit that risen respectively.
Three kinds of charcoals add the biomass that has all significantly increased the rape of planting on the greenhouse soil, during rice straw charcoal and rice hull carbon are processed, the biomass of rape has increased respectively 66% and 70%, both are without significant difference, and adding of rice chaff charcoal makes the biomass of rape increase by 27%, lower than the above two.And, owing to adding the aeration status of having improved soil after charcoal, promoted the growth of rape root, in outdoor soil, the root of rape length and root surface area have increased respectively 37-92% and 28-87%, and in greenhouse soil, the root of rape length and root surface area have increased respectively 55-99% and 55-76%.The rice straw charcoal add root surface area to rape in greenhouse soil, the long increasing action the most obvious (Fig. 1 b-Fig. 1 d) of root.
Three kinds of charcoals add all content of Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni (Fig. 1 e-Fig. 1 h) in having reduced in varying degrees the rape body of growing on the greenhouse soil.The rice straw charcoal is processed has significant reducing effect to Cd, Pb, Cu, the content of Ni four heavy metal species in the rape body, and effect is better than other two kinds of charcoals, has reduced by 43%, 32%, 24% and 71% than not adding the charcoal processing respectively.Rice hull carbon is the most obvious to the reducing effect of lead content in the rape body, has reduced by 42%.After adding charcoal in outdoor soil, the Cd in the rape body, Cu, Ni content also there is significant reducing effect.
Above result shows, charcoal is to repair the very economical effective method of greenhouse degenerated soil, and is remarkable to increasing yield of rape, improve the soil aeration situation and reducing rape contents of heavy metal elements effect.
Claims (5)
1. a method of repairing greenhouse degenerated soil with charcoal, join charcoal in greenhouse degenerated soil, and the pH of soil is transferred to 6-7.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, described charcoal is to fire under the anaerobic condition of 450-550 ℃ with rice straw, rice husk, rice chaff to obtain.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, described charcoal is to fire under the anaerobic condition of 450-550 ℃ with rice straw to obtain.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, the particle diameter of described charcoal is equal to or less than 2mm.
5. method according to claim 1 wherein, adds the soil moisture content after charcoal to remain on 15-25%.
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| CN2011103491482A CN103081601A (en) | 2011-11-08 | 2011-11-08 | Method for repairing greenhouse degenerated soil through charcoal |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103323574A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-09-25 | 上海交通大学 | Method for improvement of acid soil through use of rice husk charcoal |
| CN103394505A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-20 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | Method for using plants to control and restore soil and to generate biological fuel |
| CN104025743A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-09-10 | 北京市农林科学院 | Method for restoring desertificated lands by aid of charcoal |
| CN104140820A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-11-12 | 密西西比国际水务有限公司 | Desertification and degeneration soil modifier made of organic waste and active coke |
| CN104255102A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-07 | 湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司 | Method for utilizing carbonized tobacco straws returned to field to improve tobacco planting soil |
| CN104541640A (en) * | 2015-01-10 | 2015-04-29 | 浙江大学 | Method for improving acidified low-yield yellow clayed soil fields with pig manure charcoal |
| CN106018693A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-12 | 潘韬 | Method for analyzing charcoal applicability in growth stage of crops |
| CN106825012A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-06-13 | 安徽科技学院 | A kind of utilization agricultural waste prepares the method that charcoal repairs greenhouse degenerated soil |
| CN107201229A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-09-26 | 河北省科学院生物研究所 | A kind of bioremediation agents and its preparation and application with improved soil and regulating and controlling microbial population structure function |
| CN107278408A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-10-24 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of new method for improveing saline-alkali soil |
| CN107736239A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2018-02-27 | 连云港樊荡河农产品贸易有限公司 | Low cost, the vegetables production method of standardization and its method for organizing |
| CN117800790A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-04-02 | 沈阳农业大学 | Rice planting method based on recycling of rice waste |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103323574A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-09-25 | 上海交通大学 | Method for improvement of acid soil through use of rice husk charcoal |
| CN103394505A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-20 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | Method for using plants to control and restore soil and to generate biological fuel |
| CN103394505B (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | Method for using plants to control and restore soil and to generate biological fuel |
| CN104025743A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-09-10 | 北京市农林科学院 | Method for restoring desertificated lands by aid of charcoal |
| CN104140820B (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2017-05-24 | 密西西比国际水务有限公司 | Desertification and degeneration soil modifier made of organic waste and active coke |
| CN104140820A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-11-12 | 密西西比国际水务有限公司 | Desertification and degeneration soil modifier made of organic waste and active coke |
| WO2016015640A1 (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-04 | 密西西比国际水务有限公司 | Sandy and degraded soil modifier and preparation method and device therefor |
| CN104255102A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-07 | 湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司 | Method for utilizing carbonized tobacco straws returned to field to improve tobacco planting soil |
| CN104541640A (en) * | 2015-01-10 | 2015-04-29 | 浙江大学 | Method for improving acidified low-yield yellow clayed soil fields with pig manure charcoal |
| CN106018693A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-12 | 潘韬 | Method for analyzing charcoal applicability in growth stage of crops |
| CN107201229A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-09-26 | 河北省科学院生物研究所 | A kind of bioremediation agents and its preparation and application with improved soil and regulating and controlling microbial population structure function |
| CN107201229B (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2019-11-15 | 河北省科学院生物研究所 | A kind of bioremediation agents and its preparation and application with improvement soil and regulating and controlling microbial population structure function |
| CN106825012A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-06-13 | 安徽科技学院 | A kind of utilization agricultural waste prepares the method that charcoal repairs greenhouse degenerated soil |
| CN107736239A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2018-02-27 | 连云港樊荡河农产品贸易有限公司 | Low cost, the vegetables production method of standardization and its method for organizing |
| CN107278408A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-10-24 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of new method for improveing saline-alkali soil |
| CN117800790A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-04-02 | 沈阳农业大学 | Rice planting method based on recycling of rice waste |
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