CN107278408A - A kind of new method for improveing saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
A kind of new method for improveing saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN107278408A CN107278408A CN201710680342.6A CN201710680342A CN107278408A CN 107278408 A CN107278408 A CN 107278408A CN 201710680342 A CN201710680342 A CN 201710680342A CN 107278408 A CN107278408 A CN 107278408A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 237
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007696 Kjeldahl method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bicarbonate Substances [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000830535 Ligustrum lucidum Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000219492 Quercus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 9
- 241001070947 Fagus Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 detection method is Substances 0.000 description 1
- CMMUKUYEPRGBFB-UHFFFAOYSA-L dichromic acid Chemical compound O[Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr](O)(=O)=O CMMUKUYEPRGBFB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VDGJOQCBCPGFFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-) silicon(4+) titanium(4+) Chemical group [Si+4].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] VDGJOQCBCPGFFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010850 salt effect Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/245—Earth materials for agricultural purposes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of new method for improveing saline-alkali soil, including experimental field improveing, experimental group set result test and analyze testing result, rice hull carbon is the byproduct after Rice producing, rice husk power generating, main component is silica, it is loose porous, the noncapilarry porosity of soil is added after being mixed with soil, can make to ooze under salinity after soil irrigation to reach the purpose of reduction salt content.Because rice hull carbon is the rice husk waste material after carbonization, essence is exactly organic matter, therefore fairly obvious for the raising of the soil organism and other nutrients.After rice hull carbon is rotted, nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium in soil can be supplemented as fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium capability is separated out and significantly increases.The present invention is drawn in 0 40cm soil layers, uniformly using rice hull carbon, is 10% the 20% of soil volume using the ratio of rice hull carbon, rice hull carbon is mixed with soil, you can good improved effect is played to soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil improvement field, more particularly to a kind of new method for improveing saline-alkali soil.
Background technology
Saline-alkali soil is the general name of solonchak and alkali soil, with salt content is high, pH value is big, nutrient is uneven and soil texture is poor etc.
The characteristics of being unfavorable for vegetation growth, there is obvious inhibition to growth and development of plants.At present, saline-alkali soil is wide in Chinese branch
General, main to concentrate branch and northwest, North China, northeast and the coastal region in east China, the gross area is up to 36,000,000 hectares, and accounting for the whole nation can profit
With the 4.88% of soil.As China industrializes, urbanization is constantly accelerated, people ground contradiction, beach saline land turns into
Very valuable strategic resource.To the modified utilization of these saline-alkali soil, it is the important channel of with solving people contradiction, can effectively pushes away
The sustainable development of dynamic region social economy.
At present, reclamation of salinep-alkali soil method is different according to ameliorative measure, is divided into physics, water conservancy, chemistry, biology and comprehensive improvement
Five aspects.Physically improved is exactly that saline-alkali soil is improved using some physical methods, mainly used change soil physics structure
To regulate and control moisture-salt transport, so as to suppress soil evaporation, improve soil infiltration and drench salt effect；Water conservancy improves salt-soda soil, mainly root
According to " salt comes with water, and salt is gone with water；Salt with water come, water dissipate salt stay " principle, it is bright using digging by the irrigation and drainage system of Erecting and improving
Canal diversion or the laying mode such as hidden pipe introduce the water into salt-soda soil, strict controlling groundwater level, by flushing of pouring water, draw flood and warp
Deng the salinity in continuous elution and exclusion soil, so as to reach Soil Desalting and prevent the purpose of secondary salinization；Chemical modifying
Method, is by the chemical improvement agent such as gypsuming, black alum on saline-alkali soil, using acid-base neutralization principle, so that improved soil
Physicochemical property；Biological modification method, is by salt resistance and the research of salt-tolerant plant, introduces a fine variety, tames and cultivate, to reach soil
The purpose of improvement；Comprehensive improvement method, is by physically improved method, water conservancy modification method, chemical modifying method and biological modification
The comprehensive improvement measure that method etc. is combined.
" method of improving degenerated littoral saline-alkali wetland " (CN102405707A) is used as saline-alkali soil modifying agent, place by the use of reed
Rudimentary or in degeneration the coastal saline-alkali wetland of reason, this method is by Soil tillage and by reed and soil with certain proportion
Mixing or the simultaneously material such as addition gypsum；" method that coastal saline-alkali wetland is improved using papermaking waste " (CN101884262A)
By the way that papermaking waste is applied into beach saline land to be improved and mixed with coastal saline-alkali soil, so as to reach improved soil structure
With the purpose for improving soil nutrient；" a kind of saline-alkali soil modifying agent " (CN103131424A) proposes ardealite, weathered coal, become thoroughly decomposed
The materials such as sawdust are mixed by a certain percentage to be applied in soil, reaches improved soil structure, improves the purpose of soil chemical properties.
But the present invention is to improve saline-alkali soil with discarded object and work well, and has essence different from them.
The content of the invention
A kind of new method for improveing saline-alkali soil, its step includes：
(1) experimental field improve：Plowed soils, uniformly rice hull carbon is applied in soil layer, is soil using the ratio of rice hull carbon
The 0-30% of volume, rice hull carbon is mixed with soil, experimental field the wide 54m of thing, 106m long from south to north, sets 18 ridges, ridge spacing
3m, high 0.4m, bottom width 0.6m, select 5 seeds, and seeding row spacing 2m × 3m is transplanted, 10 repetitions, i.e.,：Every ridge is by north orientation south 20m
Same 10 plants of seeds are planted, every 3 ridges are one group, totally 6 groups, each 180 plants of seeds；
(2) experimental group is set：Treatment group is set, i.e.,：Control group and experimental group, the rice husk mixed proportion of experimental group exist
2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, each 3 repetitions for the treatment of group, 30 samples, site preparation plant；
(3) result is detected：After 1 year in each rice hull carbon proportioning, point different soil sampling (0-10cm, 10-40cm and 40-
100cm), each 3 repetitions of proportioning, for detecting each item data；
(4) testing result：When showing that rice hull carbon is mixed with soil by every data analysis, in 0-40cm soil layers, rice
Shell charcoal volume and soil volume ratio are when between 10% to 20%, and reclamation result is optimal.
It is preferred that, practice ground wants North and South direction to arrange in the step (1).
It is preferred that, 5 seeds in the step (1) are respectively Nan Linyang, not glossy privet, oak, beech tree, Taiwan poplar.
It is preferred that, the rice husk mixed proportion that the control group in the step (2) is set is 0%, i.e. blank control.
It is preferred that, the indices of detection include soil salt content, unit weight, organic matter, water solubility in the step (3)
Nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium.
It is preferred that, the items detect that the detection method of data is, soil salt content：Total salt quantity quality measurement method；Soil
Unit weight：Core cutter method；The soil organism：Potassium bichromate titrimetric method-dilution and diffusion；Soil water-soluble nitrogen：Semimicro-Kjeldahl method；Soil
Rapid available phosphorus：0.5mol NaHCO3Solution extraction；Soil available nitrogen：NH4OAc is extracted, and ICP is determined.
Beneficial effect：The invention provides it is a kind of improve saline-alkali soil new method, including experimental field improve, experimental group is set
Put-result is detected-and analyze testing result.Rice hull carbon is the byproduct after Rice producing, rice husk power generating, and main component is titanium dioxide
Silicon, it is loose porous, the noncapilarry porosity of soil is added after being mixed with soil, can make to ooze under salinity after soil irrigation to reach
To the purpose of reduction salt content.Because rice hull carbon is the rice husk waste material after carbonization, essence is exactly organic matter, therefore is had for soil
The raising of machine matter and other nutrients is fairly obvious.After rice hull carbon is rotted, nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium in soil can be supplemented as fertilizer,
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium capability is separated out to significantly increase.The present invention is drawn in 0-40cm soil layers, uniformly using rice hull carbon, using rice hull carbon
Ratio is the 10%-20% of soil volume, rice hull carbon is mixed with soil, you can good improved effect, institute are played to soil
Stating practice ground in step (1) wants North and South direction to arrange, and the technique ensure that seeds obtain as much in process of production
Illumination condition, reduces influence of the external factor to arboreal growth, realizes 5 several points in single-factor control, the step (1)
Not Wei Nan Linyang, not glossy privet, oak, beech tree, Taiwan poplar, 5 seeds well developed root systems growth is vigorous, can be suitable on salt-soda soil
Property growth, the rice husk mixed proportion that the control group in the step (2) is set is 0%, i.e. blank control, and blank control can be
Experimenter rejects influence of the other factors to each seeds in addition to rice hull carbon factor, facilitates experimenter's analyze data, the step
Suddenly every data of detection include soil salt content, unit weight, organic matter, water-soluble nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium in (3), these
Index has the typicalness characterized to soil, can fully show soil environment situation.The detection method of every detection data
For soil salt content：Total salt quantity quality measurement method；The soil weight：Core cutter method；The soil organism：Potassium bichromate titrimetric method-dilution
Hot method；Soil water-soluble nitrogen：Semimicro-Kjeldahl method；Soil quick-effective phosphor：0.5mol NaHCO3Solution extraction；Soil Available
Potassium：NH4OAc is extracted, and ICP is determined, and this group of detection method is standard method, ensure that detection data accurately and reliably.
Embodiment
To be easy to understand the technical means, the inventive features, the objects and the advantages of the present invention, with reference to
Embodiment, is expanded on further the present invention.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of new method for improveing saline-alkali soil, its step includes：
(1) experimental field improve：Plowed soils, uniformly rice hull carbon is applied in soil layer, is soil using the ratio of rice hull carbon
The 0-30% of volume, rice hull carbon is mixed with soil, and practice ground wants North and South direction to arrange, and experimental field the wide 54m of thing, long from south to north
106m, set 18 ridges, ridge spacing 3m, high 0.4m, bottom width 0.6m, select 5 seeds, respectively Nan Linyang, glossy privet, not oak,
Beech tree, Taiwan poplar, seeding row spacing 2m × 3m plants, 10 repetitions, i.e.,：Every ridge same 10 plants of seeds, every 3 are planted by north orientation south 20m
Bar ridge is one group, totally 6 groups, each 180 plants of seeds；
(2) experimental group is set：Treatment group is set, i.e.,：Control group and experimental group, control group set rice husk mixed proportion be
0%, i.e. blank control, the rice husk mixed proportion of experimental group is in 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, each 3 weights for the treatment of group
It is multiple, 30 samples, site preparation plant；
(3) result is detected：After 1 year in each rice hull carbon proportioning, in the sampling of 0-10cm soil layers, each 3 repetitions of proportioning are used
In each item data of detection.Testing index includes salt content, unit weight, organic matter, water-soluble nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium, detection side
Method is, soil salt content：Total salt quantity quality measurement method；The soil weight：Core cutter method；The soil organism：Potassium bichromate titrimetric method-dilute
Heat release method；Soil water-soluble nitrogen：Semimicro-Kjeldahl method；Soil quick-effective phosphor：0.5mol NaHCO3Solution extraction；Soil Available
Potassium：NH4OAc is extracted, and ICP is determined；
(4) testing result：When showing that rice hull carbon is mixed with soil by the analysis of each achievement data, in 0-10cm soil layers,
Rice hull carbon volume and soil volume ratio are when between 10% to 20%, and reclamation result is optimal, and forest growing way is best.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of new method for improveing saline-alkali soil, its step includes：
(1) experimental field improve：Plowed soils, is soil using the ratio of rice hull carbon uniformly using rice hull carbon in soil layer
The 0-30% of volume, rice hull carbon is mixed with soil, and practice ground wants North and South direction to arrange, and experimental field the wide 54m of thing, long from south to north
106m, set 18 ridges, ridge spacing 3m, high 0.4m, bottom width 0.6m, select 5 seeds, respectively Nan Linyang, glossy privet, not oak,
Beech tree, Taiwan poplar, seeding row spacing 2m × 3m plants, 10 repetitions, i.e.,：Every ridge same 10 plants of seeds, every 3 are planted by north orientation south 20m
Bar ridge is one group, totally 6 groups, each 180 plants of seeds；
(2) experimental group is set：Treatment group is set, i.e.,：Control group and experimental group, control group set rice husk mixed proportion be
0%, i.e. blank control, the rice husk mixed proportion of experimental group is in 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, each 3 weights for the treatment of group
It is multiple, 30 samples, site preparation plant；
(3) result is detected：After 1 year in each rice hull carbon proportioning, in the sampling of 10-40cm soil layers, 3 repetitions are each matched,
For detecting each item data, the index of detection includes soil salt content, unit weight, organic matter, water-soluble nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and quick-acting
Potassium, detection method is, soil salt content：Total salt quantity quality measurement method；The soil weight：Core cutter method；The soil organism：Potassium bichromate
Volumetric method-dilution and diffusion；Soil water-soluble nitrogen：Semimicro-Kjeldahl method；Soil quick-effective phosphor：0.5mol NaHCO3Solution is extracted
Method；Soil available nitrogen：NH4OAc is extracted, and ICP is determined；
(4) testing result is analyzed：When showing that rice hull carbon is mixed with soil by every data analysis, in 10-40cm soil layers
In, rice hull carbon volume and soil volume ratio are when between 10% to 20%, and reclamation result is optimal, and forest growing way is best.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of new method for improveing saline-alkali soil, its step includes：
(1) experimental field improve：Plowed soils, uniformly rice hull carbon is applied in soil layer, is soil using the ratio of rice hull carbon
The 0-30% of volume, rice hull carbon is mixed with soil, and practice ground wants North and South direction to arrange, and experimental field the wide 54m of thing, long from south to north
106m, set 18 ridges, ridge spacing 3m, high 0.4m, bottom width 0.6m, select 5 seeds, respectively Nan Linyang, glossy privet, not oak,
Beech tree, Taiwan poplar, seeding row spacing 2m × 3m plants, 10 repetitions, i.e.,：Every ridge same 10 plants of seeds, every 3 are planted by north orientation south 20m
Bar ridge is one group, totally 6 groups, each 180 plants of seeds；
(2) experimental group is set：Treatment group is set, i.e.,：Control group and experimental group, control group set rice husk mixed proportion be
0%, i.e. blank control, the rice husk mixed proportion of experimental group is in 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, each 3 weights for the treatment of group
It is multiple, 30 samples, site preparation plant；
(3) result is detected：Point 40-100cm soil layers sampling in each rice hull carbon proportioning after 1 year, each 3 repetitions of proportioning,
For detecting each item data, every data of detection include soil salt content, unit weight, organic matter, water-soluble nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and speed
Potassium is imitated, detection method is, soil salt content：Total salt quantity quality measurement method；The soil weight：Core cutter method；The soil organism：Dichromic acid
Potassium capacity method-dilution and diffusion；Soil water-soluble nitrogen：Semimicro-Kjeldahl method；Soil quick-effective phosphor：0.5mol NaHCO3Solution is extracted
Method；Soil available nitrogen：NH4OAc is extracted, and ICP is determined；
(4) testing result is analyzed：When showing that rice hull carbon is mixed with soil by every data analysis, in 40-100cm soil layers
In, rice hull carbon volume and soil volume ratio are when between 10% to 20%, and reclamation result is optimal, and forest growing way is best.
Influence of the rice hull carbon to soil salt content
Soil salt content is that the quality of contained salinity (mainly villaumite, sulfate, carbonate) in soil accounts for dry ground quality
Proportion.In agrology, soil salt content is divided into salinized soil scope more than 0.1~0.2%.The porous spy of rice husk carbonaceous pine
Property, the noncapilarry porosity of soil is added, promotes to ooze the purpose (table 1) for reaching reduction salt content under salinity by irrigating.
The different rice hull carbons of table 1 are with the influence unit for comparing soil salt content：‰
It can be seen in table 1 that in 0~10cm soil layers, the minimum of salt content is reduced to from the 3.11 ‰ of control group
1.41 ‰ (F=65.304, P<0.01), and 2.5% ratio and control group otherness be not notable, illustrate that effect is not good.5% ratio
Though it is variant but salt content is still higher for numerical value, and the ratio between 10~30% changes without conspicuousness；And 10~
In 40cm soil layer, except between 10% and 20%, 20% and 30% there was no significant difference between ratio, between remaining each ratio
Property that there were significant differences.1.59 ‰ (F=225.631, P are reduced to from the 3.27 ‰ of control group<0.01) slight salinization of soil, is reached,
Improved effect is notable.And 40~100cm soil washes away because of a large amount of of irrigation, salt content also has certain reduction, is shown as
5%th, 10% and 20% has significant difference (F=16.812, P<0.01), 2.5% and 30% there was no significant difference.
Influence of the rice hull carbon to the soil weight
The how rare much relations of the tightness degree and the content of organic matter of the soil weight and the soil body, are that measurement soil texture is excellent
One of bad index, structural good topsoil unit weight is 1.0~1.2g/cm3.The rice hull carbon and soil of different ratio
The relation of unit weight is shown in Table 2.
Influence unit of the rice hull carbon of table 2 to the soil weight：g/cm3
Table 2 illustrates, rice hull carbon is added in 0~10cm soil layers, and the soil weight is reduced with the increase of rice hull carbon proportion,
10% is identical with soil weight difference when 20%, and content declines to a great extent as 1.02g/cm up to soil weight when 30%3, its reason is very
It is probably rice hull carbon and soil manually stirs inequality, is formed caused by rice hull carbon largely unites.In 10~40cm soil layers, 2.5%
Not notable with 5% two proportioning improved effect and control group difference, during proportioning 10~30%, unit weight is reached for 1.13-1.28g/
cm3, close to best soil unit weight (1.0~1.2g/cm3), and three proportioning othernesses are notable.40~100cm does not add rice husk
Its unit weight of charcoal does not change.
Influence of the rice hull carbon to the soil organism
The soil organism refers to organic compound carbon containing in soil, and its content and soil fertility level are closely related.
Rice hull carbon is the rice husk waste material after charing, and its essence is exactly organic matter, therefore has highly significant to improving the soil organism
Improved effect (table 3).
The influence unit with the comparison soil organism of the different rice hull carbons of table 3：g/kg
As seen from Table 3, for control group, 0~10cm (F=455.008, P<0.01) with 10~40cm (F=
633.112, P<0.01) as the content of the increase organic matter of rice hull carbon ratio suffers from different degrees of raising, and change in
Otherness significantly, and amplitude of variation it is maximum be 10~40cm soil layer, peak reaches 42.51g/kg, is the 3 of control group
Times, and the numerical value is close to the content of organic matter 50g/kg of topsoil.Though 40~100cm soil layers do not add rice hull carbon, due to upper
Layer soil organism increase, makes part organic matter penetrate into 40~100cm soil, causes 40~100cm by irrigation effect
Soil organic matter content slightly has rising.
Rice hull carbon is to soil water-soluble nitrogen and rapid available phosphorus, the influence of quick-acting potassium content
Influence of the rice hull carbon to soil water-soluble nitrogen
Growth of the nitrogen to plant is most important, and it is the part for the chlorophyll that photosynthesis of plant plays a decisive role.
Water-soluble nitrogen is the nutriment in a fertilizer that can be directly absorbed by plant, and rice hull carbon can supplement the nitrogen in soil after rotting as fertilizer
(table 4).
As seen from Table 4,0~10cm and 10~40cm soil layer is with the increase of rice hull carbon ratio, water soluble nitrogen content
There is considerable degree of reduction, rice hull carbon ratio reaches minimum when being 10%, its main cause is vegetation life after soil improvement
It is long good, absorb more nutrient.The proportioning of investigation discovery 10% plants tree vigor optimal in 0~40cm soil layers.40
~100cm soil is washed away due to the improvement by upper layer of soil and irrigation, and the content of water-soluble nitrogen is also varied from, but is not shown
Write.Data display, 40~100cm (F=102.371, P<0.01) soil water soluble nitrogen content is minimum, next to that 0-10cm (F
=52.000, P<0.01), highest is 10~40cm (F=14.655, P<0.01).
The influence unit with comparison water soluble nitrogen content of the different rice hull carbons of table 4：mg/kg
Influence of the rice hull carbon to content of soil available phosphor
Rapid available phosphorus is also referred to as available phosphorus, is the phosphorus component that can be absorbed by plants in soil.With promotion plant early stage root system
Formation and growth, improve plant adapt to external environment ability, strengthen plant drought resistance and winter resistance.Improving salinization soil
Earth, improves available phosphorus contents, and the survival rate for improving forest is played an important role (table 5).
As seen from Table 5, each ratio group of 10~40cm soil layers shown with control group significant difference (F=14.655,
P<0.01), there was no significant difference between 2.5% and 5% and 20% and 30%.0~10cm soil layers are 10% in rice hull carbon ratio
When reach minimum value (F=52.000, P<0.01), its reason and water-soluble nitrogen be similarly.40~100cm soil layer shows difference
Property (F=9.590, P=0.001), separate out and nutrient and be leached into below 40cm soil layers mainly due to upper strata rice hull carbon.0
~40cm soil layer is when proportioning reaches 10%, and with the increase of rice hull carbon ratio, content of soil available phosphor is persistently raised, it was demonstrated that
The ability of rice hull carbon precipitation of phosphorus as fertilizer is very notable, because 10% proportioning is in 0~40cm soil layers, plants tree vigor
Most preferably, soil quick-effective phosphor is the nutrient being directly absorbed by plants, and plant is larger to its demand, under these conditions rice hull carbon
Content of soil available phosphor is set to go up not down, exactly the evidence of rice hull carbon analysis phosphorus ability by force.
The influence unit with comparison content of soil available phosphor of the different rice hull carbons of table 5：mg/kg
Influence of the rice hull carbon to Soil Available potassium content
Potassium is the main nutrient elements of plant, while being also that often influence because insufficient in soil the three of crop yield will
One of element.Potassium is different from nitrogen, phosphorus, and it is not the composition of organic compound in plant, is to be dissolved in water in ionic condition
Among, its major function is the absorption and utilization for significantly improving plant to nitrogen, and is converted into protein quickly；Promote plant warp
Ji water.The rice hull carbon later stage, the function that it separates out potassium was especially prominent (table 6) as fertilizer.
As seen from Table 6,0~10cm (F=23.723, P<0.01) with 10~40cm (F=33.770, P<0.01) soil layer
Changing rule is similar, and quick-acting potassium content reaches minimum when 5% matches；10% proportioning when start increase, and with it is each before
Significantly, the reduction of numerical value reflects plant growth situation from side for the otherness of ratio, and in the ratio after, Soil Available
Potassium content starts to increase and higher than control group soil, illustrates that rice hull carbon is very prominent to the ability for separating out potassium, particularly 10~
In 40cm soil layer, the rule is more notable.40~100cm soil layers (F=0.818, P>0.05) that there are no significant is poor for each ratio
It is different.
The influence unit with comparison soil available nitrogen content of the different rice hull carbons of table 6：mg/kg
It can be drawn according to table 6, when 2 parameter of embodiment, the new method of saline-alkali soil be improved using the present invention, by experimental group
The result that rice husk blending ratio is 10% and 20% is analyzed with blank control group to be drawn, rice hull carbon can effectively reduce soil
The salt content of earth 51.4%, reduces pH value 1.13；The soil weight increases by 7.9% soil porosity than control group reduction by 21.3%,
Improve 5.6% soil moisture content；In 10~40cm soil layer, the soil organism improves 28.73%, therefore this than control group
Invention has significant superiority.
Improve the new method of saline-alkali soil the invention provides a kind of, including experimental field improve, experimental group setting-result inspection
Survey-testing result.Rice hull carbon is the byproduct after Rice producing, rice husk power generating, and main component is silica, loose porous,
The noncapilarry porosity of soil is added after being mixed with soil, can make to ooze under salinity after soil irrigation to reach reduction salt content
Purpose.Because rice hull carbon is the rice husk waste material after carbonization, essence is exactly organic matter, therefore for the soil organism and other are foster
The raising divided is fairly obvious.After rice hull carbon is rotted, nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium in soil can be supplemented as fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is separated out
Ability is significantly increased.The present invention is drawn in 0-40cm soil layers, uniformly using rice hull carbon, is soil mass using the ratio of rice hull carbon
Long-pending 10%-20%, rice hull carbon is mixed with soil, you can play real in good improved effect, the step (1) to soil
Testing land used wants North and South direction to arrange, and the technique ensure that seeds obtain illumination condition as much in process of production, reduces
The influence that external factor grows to seeds, realizes that 5 seeds in single-factor control, the step (1) are respectively Nan Linyang, female
Chastity, not oak, beech tree, Taiwan poplar, 5 seeds well developed root systems growths are vigorous, suitability can be grown on salt-soda soil, the step
Suddenly the rice husk mixed proportion that the control group in (2) is set is 0%, i.e. blank control, and blank control can remove for experimenter
Other factors facilitate in experimenter's analyze data, the step (3) and detected to the growth effect of each seeds beyond rice husk factor
Every data include soil salt content, unit weight, organic matter, water-soluble nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium, these indexs have to soil
The typicalness that earth is characterized, therefore can fully show the situation of soil environment.The indices detection method is, soil saliferous
Amount：Total salt quantity quality measurement method；The soil weight：Core cutter method；The soil organism：Potassium bichromate titrimetric method-dilution and diffusion；The soil water
Dissolubility nitrogen：Semimicro-Kjeldahl method；Soil quick-effective phosphor：0.5mol NaHCO3Solution extraction；Soil available nitrogen：Using NH4OAc
Extraction, ICP is determined, and this group of detection method is standard method, ensure that detection data accurately and reliably.
Above-described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for one of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the present invention
Protection domain.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of new method for improveing saline-alkali soil, it is characterised in that its preparation process includes：
(1) experimental field improve：Plowed soils, is soil volume using the ratio of rice hull carbon uniformly using rice hull carbon in soil layer
0-30%, rice hull carbon is mixed with soil, experimental field the wide 54m of thing, 106m long from south to north sets 18 ridges, and ridge spacing 3m is high
0.4m, bottom width 0.6m, select 5 seeds, and seeding row spacing 2m × 3m is transplanted, 10 repetitions, i.e.,：Transplanted by north orientation south 20m on every ridge
Same 10 plants of seeds, every 3 ridges are one group, totally 6 groups, each 180 plants of seeds；
(2) experimental group is set：Treatment group is set, i.e.,：Control group and experimental group, the rice husk mixed proportion of experimental group 2.5%,
5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, each 3 repetitions for the treatment of group, 30 samples, site preparation plant；
(3) result is detected：Point different soil samples (0-10cm, 10-40cm and 40- in each rice hull carbon proportioning after 1 year
100cm), each 3 repetitions of proportioning, for detecting each item data；
(4) testing result：When showing that rice hull carbon is mixed with soil by every data analysis, in 0-40cm soil layers, rice hull carbon
Volume and soil volume ratio are when between 10% to 20%, and reclamation result is optimal.
2. the new method of improvement saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that practice ground in the step (1)
North and South direction is wanted to arrange.
3. the new method of improvement saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that 5 seeds in the step (1)
Respectively Nan Linyang, not glossy privet, oak, beech tree, Taiwan poplar.
4. the new method of improvement saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the control group in the step (2)
The rice husk mixed proportion of setting is 0%, i.e. blank control.
5. the new method of improvement saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, it is characterised in that detection is each in the step (3)
Item data includes soil salt content, unit weight, organic matter, water-soluble nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium.
6. the new method of improvement saline-alkali soil according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the indices detection method
For soil salt content：Total salt quantity quality measurement method；The soil weight：Core cutter method；The soil organism：Potassium bichromate titrimetric method-dilution
Hot method；Soil water-soluble nitrogen：Semimicro-Kjeldahl method；Soil quick-effective phosphor：0.5mol NaHCO3Solution extraction；Soil Available
Potassium：NH4OAc is extracted, and ICP is determined.
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| CN109220039A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-18 | 广西百乐德农业投资有限公司 | A kind of restorative procedure of basic soil |
| CN113030441A (en) * | 2021-03-27 | 2021-06-25 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Evaluation method for farmland soil health |
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| CN106212152A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-14 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of rice hull carbon is joined and is executed the method that phosphate fertilizer alleviates continuous cropping obstacle of apple |
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| CN109220037A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-18 | 青岛奥德贝商贸有限公司 | A kind of reconstruct of soil and plant cultivation method |
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| CN109220039A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-18 | 广西百乐德农业投资有限公司 | A kind of restorative procedure of basic soil |
| CN113030441A (en) * | 2021-03-27 | 2021-06-25 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Evaluation method for farmland soil health |
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