CN102584368A - Novel carnation seedling culturing substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel carnation seedling culturing substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102584368A CN102584368A CN2012100400024A CN201210040002A CN102584368A CN 102584368 A CN102584368 A CN 102584368A CN 2012100400024 A CN2012100400024 A CN 2012100400024A CN 201210040002 A CN201210040002 A CN 201210040002A CN 102584368 A CN102584368 A CN 102584368A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel carnation seedling culturing substrate and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of plant cultivation. The novel carnation seedling culturing substrate is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 55-64% of earthworm manure, 10% of fermented coconut husk, 13-19% of vermiculite grains and 13-19% of pearlite grains. The novel carnation seedling culturing substrate has rich nutrition components and stable nature and the content of organic matter is high, so that sufficient nutrition can be supplied to flowers during the entire seedling culturing period. The flower seedlings cultured by using the novel carnation seedling culturing substrate have developed root system, thick and strong seedling stems, high survival rate after transplantation and strong applicability, can enter the flowering period in advance and have multiple anthodia, and the flowers grow vigorously. In the invention, the preparation process of the substrate is simplified, the quality of carnation plug seedlings is improved, the seedling culturing steps of fertilizer application and the like are omitted, and the cost is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of carnation seedling medium, especially composition of carnation seedling medium and preparation method thereof belongs to field of plant growing technology.
Background technology
Substrate culture is meant in certain place or container through the fixing root system and absorb nutritive medium and the plant cultivation method of oxygen of matrix.According to statistics, 90% soilless culture form all is substrate culture in the world.Soilless culture substrate can provide the growth medium of the stable water of coordinating, gas, fertile structure for plant; It except support, fixedly the plant; The more important thing is the carrier that serves as nutrient and moisture, make nutrient and moisture from nutritive medium be able to transfer, root system of plant is therefrom selected to absorb as required.And seedling medium is to be exclusively used in the matrix of growing seedlings in the matrix.Along with improving constantly of level of growing seedlings and requirement, weak point increases the demand of seedling medium with requiring also.But because the reason of manpower and funds or the like aspect, present seedling medium all trends towards broad spectrum type, develops relatively seldom to the physilogical characteristics of different plants and to the research and the achievement of the seedling medium that requires special of matrix.The seedling medium of early stage broad spectrum type has demonstrated self shortcoming and limitation gradually, becomes a kind of trend so study various pointed seedling mediums.
1, the development bottleneck of traditional matrix commonly used
The most frequently used culture substrate mainly is inorganic matrixes such as vermiculite, perlite and rock wool at present, and peat organic substrates such as (claiming the peat composed of rotten mosses again).The high water retention property of expanded vermiculite and sheet structure make it have the ability that the air that makes in the matrix and moisture reach balance coordination, play that fixedly support, mineral manure, guarantor are fertile, multiple effects such as water conservation and improvement physical behavior.Many cavities of its particle surface of perlite provide huge surface-area for keeping moisture and nutritive ingredient, and the suitable drain and the ventilation condition that very are fit to also are provided simultaneously.Rock wool is the culture substrate of many national widespread uses in the world today, has formed the complete utilisation technology system of a cover.Peat is because fibre content is abundant, and loose porous, ventilating permeable is good; Specific surface area is big, and the absorption sequestering power is strong, and stronger IX and salt balance controllability are arranged; Have the performance of enhancement of plant drought resisting, disease-resistant, anti-low temperature, anti-salt marsh again concurrently, be widely used especially.These matrix can be used separately, also can use according to certain mixed.
Though above matrix has many advantages, but its shortcoming is separately arranged.Need to add nutritive medium like the rock wool cultivation, and peat is the non-renewable resource of limited amount and short-term etc.And because these matrix itself all can not provide the carnation required various nutritive substances that grow, no matter be to use separately or several kinds of collocation are used, all need extra nutritive substance additional.This can cause a lot of environmental problems, and has also increased carnation the grow seedlings difficulty and the cost of work greatly.
In addition; Since the later stage eighties in last century, American-European countries has issued and implemented relevant environmental regulation in succession, as forbids that the discharging of nutritive medium is in order to avoid impurely following or earth surface water source; Forbid the exploitation of peat resource etc., this impels soilless culture progressively to change to environment-friendly type, economical, poly-talented direction.
2, the present Research of novel seedling medium
Based on the inherent shortcoming and defect of above various traditional seedling mediums; Various organic raising seedling matrix are arisen at the historic moment; Organic substrate both was meant and also do not use traditional nutrition liquid irrigation root system of plant without natural soil, but the organic solid-state matrix that adopts various organic wastes etc. to produce through the methods such as fermentation system of macerating and sterilization of becoming thoroughly decomposed.The organic substrate product amount of domestic comparative maturity is also few, mainly contains coconut fibre, bark, bagasse, rice husk, saw dust, reed, stalk.
Other organic substrate: mainly come from various organic solid castoffs, comprise agriculture and industry waste and municipal wastes.As mud and garbage compost can part replacement peat, foodstuffs industry waste material trester, apple residue etc. are used for cultivations of plants such as skunk bush abroad.In addition, the waste residue of Chinese medicine slag, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, coffee processing all has report to be applied to soilless culture.Usually these organic substrates all are to mix use by a certain percentage with other organic substrates such as inorganic matrix such as frog stone, perlite or peat just can obtain effect preferably.
All kinds of organic substrates of selling now on the market are that the basis is designed and made with these raw materials basically all also.But seedling medium in the market mainly all is universal design, and as a kind of important fresh-cut flower variety, the seedling medium of carnation research at present still is in the blank stage, is not directed to the matrix research and development achievement of carnation specially.Though present universal seedling medium can satisfy the basal needs that carnation is grown seedlings, can not best life condition be provided for growing seedlings of carnation, also can cause damage sometimes because not considering the particular requirement that carnation is grown seedlings.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly unstable to above-mentioned existing seedling medium character, and defective such as need supplement the nutrients in conjunction with the grow seedlings relative merits of characteristics and various raw materials of carnation, provides a kind of novel carnation seedling medium and preparation method thereof.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this: novel carnation seedling medium; It is characterized in that forming by earthworm excrement, fermentation coconut palm chaff, vermiculite granule, perlite particle mixed preparing; The weight percent of earthworm excrement, fermentation coconut palm chaff, vermiculite granule, perlite particle is: earthworm excrement 55-64%; Fermentation coconut palm chaff 10%, vermiculite granule 13-19%, perlite particle 13-19%; Described earthworm excrement is that particle diameter is the earthworm excrement particle of 1-4mm; Described vermiculite granule particle diameter is 1-3mm; Described perlite particle particle diameter is 3-5mm.
The preparation method of novel carnation seedling medium is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) with cow dung and chicken manure be by weight percentage: cow dung 50-70%, chicken manure 30-50% carries out mixed fermentation and obtains the earthworm foodstuff;
2) with earthworm foodstuff, earthworm be placed on temperature be 20-27 ℃, in the shade, moist, quiet, the ventilation environment in;
3) will pass through earthworm and handle the earthworm excrement that the earthworm excrement that produces is screened into the 1-4mm particle diameter;
3) vermiculite, perlite are processed pulverizing respectively, grain size screening is that vermiculite granule and the particle diameter of 1-3mm is the 3-5mm perlite particle;
4) be equipped with fermentation coconut palm chaff, in the coconut palm chaff, add urea and fully stir on the bonnet plastics film and made it to ferment 8-10 days and obtain fermenting the coconut palm chaff, the weight percent of coconut palm chaff and urea is: coconut palm chaff 96-98%, urea 2-4%;
5) with earthworm excrement, fermentation coconut palm chaff, vermiculite granule, perlite particle be by weight percentage: earthworm excrement 55-64%; Fermentation coconut palm chaff 10%, vermiculite granule 13-19%, perlite particle 13-19%; Carry out thorough mixing, just process novel carnation seedling medium after mixing.
Described fermentation coconut palm chaff is to be obtained by coconut palm chaff and urea mixed fermentation, and the weight percent of coconut palm chaff and urea is: coconut palm chaff 96-98%, urea 2-4%.
Cow dung, chicken manure can be used as the feed of earthworm, but must make it to decompose earlier by fermentation, reach anacidity, odorless, no bad smell.Equally, the coconut palm chaff also need carry out fermentative processing, directly uses the coconut palm chaff can hinder the growth of carnation.
Advantage of the present invention:
1. available resources are abundant, and materials are cheap.In China's economic society high speed development, livestock and poultry breeding industry is fast development also, and the breed scale is increasing, progressively develops into an independently industry.Along with the fast development of livestock and poultry breeding industry intensification, mass-producing, batch production, livestock and poultry breeding industry ight soil generation of waste amount also sharply increases, and has become the main production source of China's agricultural organic solid castoff at present.Utilize feces of livestock and poultry to produce flowers and trees cultivation matrix, available resources are very abundant, and the materials price is also very cheap.
2. turn waste into wealth, reduce environmental pollution.The height intensification that livestock and poultry cultivation is produced, the ability that makes the generation of feces of livestock and poultry substantially exceed dissolving, handling of its surrounding environment and rationally use.Feces of livestock and poultry contains organism, inorganics, pathogeny and the harmful organism etc. that do not digested and assimilated in a large number, can cause many-sided combined pollutions such as atmosphere, water body, soil, biology.Up to now, in the unprocessed direct discharging mostly of China's wide geographic area feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural environment and ecological security have been brought great threat.Innoxious, the recycling treatment of feces of livestock and poultry become the hot issue of current solution widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area.Adopt feces of livestock and poultry to produce flowers and trees cultivation matrix, not only solved the problem of environmental pollution of agricultural solid residue, and turned waste into wealth fully, effectively utilize waste and create economic benefit and social benefit.
3. nutrient is sufficient, stable in properties.As the earthworm foodstuff,, join coconut palm chaff, vermiculite, perlite etc. again with feces of livestock and poultry, solved the insufficient problem of common matrix nutrient supply effectively with the main raw material of earthworm excrement as matrix.Earthworm promotes nutrient circulations such as C, N, P through the decomposition and inversion to organic substance, increases the organic materials nutrient supply and through improvement, coordination to its structure, satisfies the various requirement of plant-growth better.Earthworm has surprising phagocytic activity; Its day, the amount of eating can reach the several times of its body weight; But multiple enzymes such as digestive tube extracellular proteinase, lypase, cellulase, chitin enzyme, glycase, these enzymes have stronger biocatalysis to the decomposition of most organic wastes.Organic substance is utilized by direct assimilation by the earthworm few part in back of ingesting, most of through earthworm intravital grind with squeezing action after discharge with particulate state, play the effect that is similar to extruder grain.Novel carnation seedling culture matrix nutrition composition is abundant, stable in properties, and organic content is high, makes between the whole nursery stage of flowers and can both obtain the sufficient nutrition supply.The flowers seedling that utilizes this novel carnation seedling medium to bring out, well developed root system, the seedling stem is sturdy, transplants back surviving rate height, and flexibility is strong, can get into flowering period ahead of time, and fresh idea is many, and flower growth is vigorous.
4. added the coconut palm chaff among the present invention, the coconut palm chaff has abundant nutrient and good water-retentivity, can fully keep the moisture and the nutrient of carnation needs; Be beneficial to the carnation root system and in process of growth, well absorb nutrient and moisture, the coconut palm chaff also has air permeability and good, prevents the corrosion of carnation root system; Protection soil avoids causing sliming, and the rate of breaking up the family is naturally slowly arranged; Be beneficial to the usage period that prolongs matrix, and coconut palm chaff light weight, be easy to transportation.
The present invention has simplified the process of matrix preparation, has improved the quality of carnation hole plate seedling growth, reduces fertilising and waits the step of growing seedlings, and reduces cost.The present invention can avoid Nonrenewable resources uses such as peat; Improve nutrient content; Utilize the carnation seedling medium and preparation method thereof of the stable in properties of organic waste exploitation, can cultivate well developed root system after using this seedling medium, the seedling stem is sturdy; Transplanting survival rate is high, flexibility gets into the florescence by force, ahead of time, fresh idea is many, the carnation seedling that flower growth is vigorous.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is preparation flow figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Novel carnation seedling medium; Formed by earthworm excrement, fermentation coconut palm chaff, vermiculite granule, perlite particle mixed preparing, the weight percent of earthworm excrement, fermentation coconut palm chaff, vermiculite granule, perlite particle is: earthworm excrement 55%, fermentation coconut palm chaff 10%; Vermiculite granule 17%, perlite particle 18%.The earthworm excrement is that particle diameter is the earthworm excrement particle of 1-4mm, and the vermiculite granule particle diameter is 1-3mm, and the perlite particle particle diameter is 3-5mm.
The preparation method of novel carnation seedling medium comprises the steps:
1) with cow dung and chicken manure be by weight percentage: cow dung 70%, chicken manure 30% carries out mixed fermentation and obtains the earthworm foodstuff;
2) with earthworm foodstuff, earthworm be placed on temperature be 20-27 ℃, in the shade, moist, quiet, the ventilation environment in;
3) will pass through earthworm and handle the earthworm excrement that the earthworm excrement that produces is screened into the 1-4mm particle diameter;
3) vermiculite, perlite are processed pulverizing respectively, grain size screening is that vermiculite granule and the particle diameter of 1-3mm is the 3-5mm perlite particle;
4) be equipped with fermentation coconut palm chaff, the weight percent of coconut palm chaff and urea is: coconut palm chaff 96%, and urea 4%, adding urea fully stirs on the bonnet plastics film and made it to ferment 8 days and obtain fermenting the coconut palm chaff in the coconut palm chaff;
5) with earthworm excrement, fermentation coconut palm chaff, vermiculite granule, perlite particle be by weight percentage: earthworm excrement 55%, fermentation coconut palm chaff 10%, vermiculite granule 17%, perlite particle 18% carries out thorough mixing, just processes novel carnation seedling medium after mixing.
Embodiment two
Novel carnation seedling medium; Formed by earthworm excrement, fermentation coconut palm chaff, vermiculite granule, perlite particle mixed preparing, the weight percent of earthworm excrement, fermentation coconut palm chaff, vermiculite granule, perlite particle is: earthworm excrement 64%, fermentation coconut palm chaff 10%; Vermiculite granule 13%, perlite particle 13%.The earthworm excrement is that particle diameter is the earthworm excrement particle of 1-4mm, and the vermiculite granule particle diameter is 1-3mm, and the perlite particle particle diameter is 3-5mm.
The preparation method of novel carnation seedling medium comprises the steps:
1) with cow dung and chicken manure be by weight percentage: cow dung 50%, chicken manure 50% carries out mixed fermentation and obtains the earthworm foodstuff;
2) with earthworm foodstuff, earthworm be placed on temperature be 20-27 ℃, in the shade, moist, quiet, the ventilation environment in;
3) will pass through earthworm and handle the earthworm excrement that the earthworm excrement that produces is screened into the 1-4mm particle diameter;
3) vermiculite, perlite are processed pulverizing respectively, grain size screening is that vermiculite granule and the particle diameter of 1-3mm is the 3-5mm perlite particle;
4) be equipped with fermentation coconut palm chaff, the weight percent of coconut palm chaff and urea is: coconut palm chaff 98%, and urea 2%, adding urea fully stirs on the bonnet plastics film and made it to ferment 10 days and obtain fermenting the coconut palm chaff in the coconut palm chaff;
5) with earthworm excrement, fermentation coconut palm chaff, vermiculite granule, perlite particle be by weight percentage: earthworm excrement 64%, fermentation coconut palm chaff 10%, vermiculite granule 13%, perlite particle 13% carries out thorough mixing, just processes novel carnation seedling medium after mixing.
Claims (3)
1. novel carnation seedling medium; It is characterized in that forming by earthworm excrement, fermentation coconut palm chaff, vermiculite granule, perlite particle mixed preparing; The weight percent of earthworm excrement, fermentation coconut palm chaff, vermiculite granule, perlite particle is: earthworm excrement 55-64%; Fermentation coconut palm chaff 10%, vermiculite granule 13-19%, perlite particle 13-19%; Described earthworm excrement is that particle diameter is the earthworm excrement particle of 1-4mm; Described vermiculite granule particle diameter is 1-3mm; Described perlite particle particle diameter is 3-5mm.
2. the preparation method of a novel carnation seedling medium is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) with cow dung and chicken manure be by weight percentage: cow dung 50-70%, chicken manure 30-50% carries out mixed fermentation and obtains the earthworm foodstuff;
2) with earthworm foodstuff, earthworm be placed on temperature be 20-27 ℃, in the shade, moist, quiet, the ventilation environment in;
3) will pass through earthworm and handle the earthworm excrement that the earthworm excrement that produces is screened into the 1-4mm particle diameter;
3) vermiculite, perlite are processed pulverizing respectively, grain size screening is that vermiculite granule and the particle diameter of 1-3mm is the 3-5mm perlite particle;
4) be equipped with fermentation coconut palm chaff, in the coconut palm chaff, add urea and fully stir on the bonnet plastics film and made it to ferment 8-10 days and obtain fermenting the coconut palm chaff, the weight percent of coconut palm chaff and urea is: coconut palm chaff 96-98%, urea 2-4%;
5) with earthworm excrement, fermentation coconut palm chaff, vermiculite granule, perlite particle be by weight percentage: earthworm excrement 55-64%; Fermentation coconut palm chaff 10%, vermiculite granule 13-19%, perlite particle 13-19%; Carry out thorough mixing, just process novel carnation seedling medium after mixing.
3. novel carnation seedling medium according to claim 1 is characterized in that described fermentation coconut palm chaff is to be obtained by coconut palm chaff and urea mixed fermentation, and the weight percent of coconut palm chaff and urea is: coconut palm chaff 96-98%, urea 2-4%.
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103026957A (en) * | 2013-01-10 | 2013-04-10 | 宿迁市土壤肥料技术指导站 | Tomato plug seedling matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN103181317A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-07-03 | 扬州瑞华环境与生物工程研究所有限公司 | Plug seedling substrate of tomatoes and preparation method |
| CN103238508A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-08-14 | 山东农业大学 | Cucumber plug seedling substrate free of watering nutrient solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN103392571A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-11-20 | 如皋市天寿生物科技开发有限公司 | Functional flower and plant cultivation substrate |
| CN103583212A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-02-19 | 宁夏天地缘锦绣园林花卉有限公司 | Dianthus caryophyllus seedling plug tray cottage and cultivation method |
| CN103613459A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-05 | 青岛东颐锦禾农业科技有限公司 | Seedling raising substrate for greenhouse planting |
| CN105794530A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2016-07-27 | 杭州满庭芳生物科技有限公司 | Method for producing plant cultivating and seedling raising matrix by using cattle manure and use method for matrix |
| CN105948881A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-09-21 | 肥东县柯文斌家庭农场 | Environment-friendly nutrient solution capable of prolonging florescence |
| CN106365708A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-01 | 杨晓文 | Cucurbit-and-vegetable seedling culturing substrate based on wormcast and preparing method thereof |
| CN106699372A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-24 | 济南市蔬菜技术推广服务中心 | Watermelon grafting seedling substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107517706A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2017-12-29 | 界首市鸿飞家庭农场 | A kind of method of carnation nursery |
| CN108522210A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-09-14 | 北京中农新星农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of suitable city balcony, indoor plantation the dedicated matrix of nursery |
| CN110100693A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-08-09 | 湖北格林凯尔精准农业研究院 | A kind of citrus seedling medium and application |
| CN112567992A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-30 | 山东省绿驰农业科技有限公司 | Dragon fruit matrix seedling culture method |
| CN112753534A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-07 | 遵义大兴复肥有限责任公司 | Special floating seedling substrate for tobacco |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103026957A (en) * | 2013-01-10 | 2013-04-10 | 宿迁市土壤肥料技术指导站 | Tomato plug seedling matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN103181317A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-07-03 | 扬州瑞华环境与生物工程研究所有限公司 | Plug seedling substrate of tomatoes and preparation method |
| CN103238508A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-08-14 | 山东农业大学 | Cucumber plug seedling substrate free of watering nutrient solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN103392571A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-11-20 | 如皋市天寿生物科技开发有限公司 | Functional flower and plant cultivation substrate |
| CN103392571B (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-09-23 | 如皋市天寿生物科技开发有限公司 | A kind of watermelon cultivation substrate |
| CN103583212A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-02-19 | 宁夏天地缘锦绣园林花卉有限公司 | Dianthus caryophyllus seedling plug tray cottage and cultivation method |
| CN103583212B (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2016-06-08 | 宁夏天地缘锦绣园林花卉有限公司 | The method of carnation seedling cave dish cutting propagation |
| CN103613459A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-05 | 青岛东颐锦禾农业科技有限公司 | Seedling raising substrate for greenhouse planting |
| CN105794530A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2016-07-27 | 杭州满庭芳生物科技有限公司 | Method for producing plant cultivating and seedling raising matrix by using cattle manure and use method for matrix |
| CN105948881A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-09-21 | 肥东县柯文斌家庭农场 | Environment-friendly nutrient solution capable of prolonging florescence |
| CN106365708A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-01 | 杨晓文 | Cucurbit-and-vegetable seedling culturing substrate based on wormcast and preparing method thereof |
| CN106699372A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-24 | 济南市蔬菜技术推广服务中心 | Watermelon grafting seedling substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107517706A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2017-12-29 | 界首市鸿飞家庭农场 | A kind of method of carnation nursery |
| CN110100693A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-08-09 | 湖北格林凯尔精准农业研究院 | A kind of citrus seedling medium and application |
| CN108522210A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-09-14 | 北京中农新星农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of suitable city balcony, indoor plantation the dedicated matrix of nursery |
| CN112567992A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-30 | 山东省绿驰农业科技有限公司 | Dragon fruit matrix seedling culture method |
| CN112753534A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-07 | 遵义大兴复肥有限责任公司 | Special floating seedling substrate for tobacco |
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Application publication date: 20120718 |