CN103387448A - Golden needle mushroom cultivation material combination and production method thereof - Google Patents
Golden needle mushroom cultivation material combination and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103387448A CN103387448A CN2013102976822A CN201310297682A CN103387448A CN 103387448 A CN103387448 A CN 103387448A CN 2013102976822 A CN2013102976822 A CN 2013102976822A CN 201310297682 A CN201310297682 A CN 201310297682A CN 103387448 A CN103387448 A CN 103387448A
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Abstract
The invention provides a golden needle mushroom cultivation material, which is characterized by comprising seed shells and fruit shells of Camellia oleifera as main raw materials as well as corncobs, bran, tea seed meal, soybean powder and the like as excipients, and having a water content between 63% and 65%. The invention also provides a production method of the cultivation material. Compared with cultivation materials made of wood flour, the provided cultivation material has the following advantages: firstly, the cultivation material is a scientific combination of coarse and fine materials, so that the permeability is good for mushrooms, and thus golden needle mushroom mycelium grows fast and fills a bottle in a shorter period of time; secondly, through natural heap fermentation, lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin and other substances in the Camellia oleifera seed shells and fruit shells are decomposed into simple substances easier for absorption by the golden needle mushroom mycelium, so that formation of fruiting body primordia of golden needle mushrooms is promoted, and the yield is improved by 35% to 40%; and thirdly, there are wider sources of raw materials for cultivation, so that production costs are reduced substantially.
Description
Technical field
Content of the present invention comprises golden mushroom plantation material compatibility, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to the fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Needle mushroom has another name called dried mushroom, because its stem shape and the color and luster utmost point resemble Flos Hemerocallis, therefore claim needle mushroom.Needle mushroom is sliding tender delicious, nutritious, contains 18 seed amino acids, and the amino acid total content is up to 20.9%, and wherein, 44.5% is again necessary 8 seed amino acids of human body, apparently higher than general mushroom class; Due to Methionin and arginine content also higher, therefore, often edible needle mushroom is also very favourable to the growth of children brain cell.
The weak wooden saprophytic microorganism of genus flammulina, have the xylogen of decomposition, cellulosic ability, so always, the mushroom agriculture is all to use wood chip and cotton seed hulls as culturing raw material aborning.But nowadays, " bacterium-Lin " contradiction, the price continuous rise of cotton seed hulls, the cultivation cost is more and more higher, so each production unit is all attached great importance to looking for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Oil tea is China distinctive woody edible oil material seeds, with Fructus oleae europaeae, oil palm, coconut and be called the large traditional oil tree in the world four.China is the country that oil tea output is the highest in the world, distribution is the widest, kind is maximum.The oil tea cultivated area of China and tea seed output account for global 95% left and right, and all the other 5% are distributed in minority Southeast Asian countries and regions.
Camellia oleifera fruit is spherical in shape, oblate, olive shape, diameter 3cm-4cm, and the thick and lignifying of fruit lobe, including seed (1-4 grain) is tea seed, and tea seed is dark brown or black, and triangular shape is glossy.After testing, in camellia oleifera fruit, tea Pu (shell) accounts for 60%, and tea seed accounts for 40%; In tea seed, tea seed shell (kind shell) accounts for 1/3, and tea seed kernel accounts for 2/3.The existing oil tea cultivated area in the whole nation reaches 4,000,000 hm
2Produce camellia oleifera fruit per year and reach more than 560 ten thousand t, this will bring oil-tea camellia husks, the tea seed shell of more than 70 ten thousand t, the 50000 t leached tea oil slags of more than 300 ten thousand t, so huge quantity, be used for the ratio of processing also not quite, and most tea Pu, tea seed shell are used as fuel and are burnt, or be dropped, the leached tea oil slag bitter all goes out of use basically, and the shell that these abandon, plants shell, dregs of rice cake after degraded, can pollute atmosphere, water source and ecotope.
Tea Pu, its moiety complexity of tea seed shell, contain the materials such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen, crude protein and tannin (polyphenol) class.After heap fermentation is processed, not only can remove the objectionable impurities (tannin etc.) that affects the hypha of edible fungus growth, also because of rear wooden being softened of fermenting, it is loose that quality becomes, therefore the growth of very suitable needle mushroom mycelia.
Utilize tea Pu, these waste wood matter substitution of resources woods material cultivating flammulina velutipes of tea seed shell, be not only this behave of falling of an Edible Fungi, but also be a circular agriculture and environmental protection cause behave.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind of golden mushroom plantation material compatibility take tea Pu, tea seed shell as raw material.
2, the making method of planting material.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of golden mushroom plantation material compatibility, following component and quality proportioning are arranged: tea seed shell bits 28%-32%, tea Pu bits 18%-22%, corn cob 20%, wheat bran 18%, leached tea oil slag 5%, soyflour 5%, light calcium carbonate 1%, lime powder 0.5%, sucrose 0.5%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
Tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits: tea seed shell dries, is ground into the particle of particle diameter 2mm-3mm; The particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm is dried, is ground into to the tea Pu; Tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits are fermented and (pile high 2m through natural packing, keep windrow moistening, turning in every two months once, the composting time is more than 8 months), to eliminate wherein tannin, grease etc. to the harmful material of hypha of edible fungus growth, after composting finishes, tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits are dried, standby.In tea seed shell, xylogen accounts for 52.10%, and carbohydrate accounts for 30.60%; In the tea Pu, xylogen accounts for 43.35%, and carbohydrate accounts for 28.36%.
Corn cob: through drying, be ground into the particle of corn grain size, standby.
Wheat bran: wheat separates in processing flour process wheat cortex.Wheat bran contains abundant enzyme system, protein, carbohydrate, VITAMIN and mineral substance etc.
Leached tea oil slag: tea seed squeezes the slag that is left after tea oil.In leached tea oil slag, the robust fibre amount accounts for 9.4%, and crude protein quantity accounts for 25.8%.
Soyflour:, as available nutrient, promote the mycelia Fast Growth, can be again Growth of Flammulina Velutipes vitamin H etc. is provided.
Lime powder, light calcium carbonate: be commercially available product.Regulate, stablize the planting material potential of hydrogen.
Sucrose:, as supplementing of needle mushroom Initial stage of culture carbon source, also can induce simultaneously the generation of extracellular enzyme, accelerate the utilization to raw materials such as robust fibre.
The making method of planting material, comprise the steps:
1. prewet: tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits, corn cob siccative are mixed thoroughly,, with liming (lime powder is dissolved in the water) 2h that prewets, made the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
2. spice: first wheat bran, leached tea oil slag, soyflour, light calcium carbonate siccative are mixed thoroughly, then joined in the compound of having prewetted, then slowly add aqueous sucrose solution, the limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;
3. bottle, beat and plant the bacterium hole:, with the planting material 1100ml * 78mmPP Plastic Bottle of packing into, stamp and plant the bacterium hole, planting aperture, bacterium hole is 16mm, then covers the bottle cap of the ventilative sponge of band;
4. sterilizing, cooling: planting material is carried out autoclaving, and first sterilizing 1h under 100 ℃, then rise to 121 ℃ of sterilizing 1.5h, naturally cools to below 25 ℃ after sterilizing.
Planting material is after the access bacterial classification, and culture temperature is controlled at 18 ℃-20 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, and through the cultivation of 24d-25d, mycelia is covered with bottle, can enter management of producing mushroom.
The present invention, take tea seed shell, tea Pu as main raw material, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as corn cob, wheat bran, leached tea oil slag, soyflour, makes the golden mushroom plantation material.Compare with the cultivation on sawdust material, its advantage is: the one, and the collocation of planting material thickness is reasonable, bacterium material good permeability, needle mushroom mycelia fast growth, full bottle time shorten; The 2nd, ferment by natural packing, the material decomposition such as the xylogen in tea seed shell, tea Pu, Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin substance are to be conducive to the simple material that the needle mushroom mycelia absorbs, promoted the formation of needle mushroom fruit body primordium, output improves 35%-40%; The 3rd, widened the culturing raw material channel, greatly reduce production cost.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, the golden mushroom plantation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea seed shell bits 28%, tea Pu bits 22%, corn cob 20%, wheat bran 18%, leached tea oil slag 5%, soyflour 5%, light calcium carbonate 1%, lime powder 0.5%, sucrose 0.5%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. prewet: tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits, corn cob siccative are mixed thoroughly,, with liming (lime powder is dissolved in the water) 2h that prewets, made the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
2. spice: first wheat bran, leached tea oil slag, soyflour, light calcium carbonate siccative are mixed thoroughly, then joined in the compound of having prewetted, then slowly add aqueous sucrose solution, the limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;
3. bottle, beat and plant the bacterium hole:, with the planting material 1100ml * 78mmPP Plastic Bottle of packing into, stamp and plant the bacterium hole, planting aperture, bacterium hole is 16mm, then covers the bottle cap of the ventilative sponge of band;
4. sterilizing, cooling: planting material is carried out autoclaving, and first sterilizing 1h under 100 ℃, then rise to 121 ℃ of sterilizing 1.5h, naturally cools to below 25 ℃ after sterilizing;
Planting material is after the access bacterial classification, and culture temperature is controlled at 20 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 65%, and through the cultivation of 24d, mycelia is covered with bottle, can enter management of producing mushroom.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, the golden mushroom plantation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea seed shell bits 30%, tea Pu bits 20%, corn cob 20%, wheat bran 18%, leached tea oil slag 5%, soyflour 5%, light calcium carbonate 1%, lime powder 0.5%, sucrose 0.5%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, the golden mushroom plantation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea seed shell bits 32%, tea Pu bits 18%, corn cob 20%, wheat bran 18%, leached tea oil slag 5%, soyflour 5%, light calcium carbonate 1%, lime powder 0.5%, sucrose 0.5%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 4 (control group): wood chip 78%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, sucrose 1%.
By following table as can be known, the tea seed shell of mode used bits, the full bottle of tea Pu bits planting material mycelia number of days shorten 5d-6d than control group, and its biological efficiency is all over control level, and output improves 35%-40%.
The impact of the planting material of table different modes on yield of flammulina velutipes
Claims (9)
1. golden mushroom plantation material, it is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: tea seed shell bits 28%-32%, tea Pu bits 18%-22%, corn cob 20%, wheat bran 18%, leached tea oil slag 5%, soyflour 5%, light calcium carbonate 1%, lime powder 0.5%, sucrose 0.5%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
2. golden mushroom plantation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described tea seed shell bits dry, are ground into the particle of particle diameter 2mm-3mm for tea seed shell.
3. golden mushroom plantation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described tea Pu bits dry, are ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm for the tea Pu.
4. golden mushroom plantation material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits, must through the natural packing fermentation, (pile high 2m, keep windrow moistening, once, the composting time is more than 8 months in turning in every two months), to eliminate wherein tannin, grease etc. to the harmful material of hypha of edible fungus growth, after composting finishes, tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits are dried.
5. golden mushroom plantation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described corn cob is through drying, be ground into the particle of corn grain size.
6. golden mushroom plantation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described wheat bran is wheat separates in processing flour process wheat cortex.
7. golden mushroom plantation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described leached tea oil slag is that tea seed squeezes the slag that is left after tea oil.
8. the making method of the golden mushroom plantation material described in a claim 1-7 is characterized in that:
1. prewet: tea seed shell bits, tea Pu bits, corn cob siccative are mixed thoroughly,, with liming (lime powder is dissolved in the water) 2h that prewets, made the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
2. spice: first wheat bran, leached tea oil slag, soyflour, light calcium carbonate siccative are mixed thoroughly, then joined in the compound of having prewetted, then slowly add aqueous sucrose solution, the limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;
3. bottle, beat and plant the bacterium hole:, with the planting material 1100ml * 78mmPP Plastic Bottle of packing into, stamp and plant the bacterium hole, planting aperture, bacterium hole is 16mm, then covers the bottle cap of the ventilative sponge of band;
4. sterilizing, cooling: planting material is carried out autoclaving, and first sterilizing 1h under 100 ℃, then rise to 121 ℃ of sterilizing 1.5h, naturally cools to below 25 ℃ after sterilizing.
9. utilize the golden mushroom plantation material described in claim 1-8, after it is characterized in that accessing bacterial classification, culture temperature is controlled at 18 ℃-20 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, and through the cultivation of 24d-25d, mycelia is covered with bottle, can enter management of producing mushroom.
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103739361A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-04-23 | 凤台县千秋食用菌有限公司 | Golden mushroom cultivation material containing tea seed shell and preparation method thereof |
| CN104072286A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2014-10-01 | 上海百茸食用菌有限公司 | Culture medium used for liquefying needle mushroom culture |
| CN105016853A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-04 | 何金霞 | Needle mushroom medium and method using medium to cultivate needle mushroom |
| CN105123258A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-12-09 | 古田县福泉鑫食用菌有限责任公司 | Inoculation method for hypsizygus marmoreus |
| CN105198653A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2015-12-30 | 潘发全 | Cultivating material for oyster mushrooms and preparation method of cultivating material |
| CN106187376A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 赖卫华 | A kind of needle mushroom compost |
| CN106613345A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-10 | 河池市农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method of needle mushroom |
| CN107459399A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2017-12-12 | 山东省科创食用菌产业技术研究院 | A kind of asparagus high moisturizing cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN107500874A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2017-12-22 | 山东省科创食用菌产业技术研究院 | A kind of golden mushroom plantation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN107721482A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-02-23 | 三江县稻香山茶油生态发展有限公司 | Culture medium of edible fungus containing tea seed episperm and preparation method thereof |
| CN107980478A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-05-04 | 沈月停 | A kind of needle mushroom compost of high biological transformation ratio and preparation method thereof |
| CN109275493A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-01-29 | 扶风绿保农业综合开发有限公司 | A kind of dried mushroom base-material production method |
| CN109422570A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-03-05 | 祁海杰 | A kind of production method of Enoki mushroom cultivation material compatibility and this culture material |
| CN113455282A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-01 | 韶关市玉蕈菌业有限公司 | Industrial culture medium with tea seed shells as main raw materials and method for cultivating white beech mushroom, hypsizygus marmoreus and flammulina velutipes |
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Cited By (15)
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| CN104072286A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2014-10-01 | 上海百茸食用菌有限公司 | Culture medium used for liquefying needle mushroom culture |
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| CN103739361B (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2016-03-16 | 凤台县千秋食用菌有限公司 | A kind of Enoki mushroom cultivation material containing tea seed episperm and preparation method thereof |
| CN105016853A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-04 | 何金霞 | Needle mushroom medium and method using medium to cultivate needle mushroom |
| CN105123258A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-12-09 | 古田县福泉鑫食用菌有限责任公司 | Inoculation method for hypsizygus marmoreus |
| CN105198653A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2015-12-30 | 潘发全 | Cultivating material for oyster mushrooms and preparation method of cultivating material |
| CN106187376A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 赖卫华 | A kind of needle mushroom compost |
| CN106613345A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-10 | 河池市农业科学研究所 | Cultivation method of needle mushroom |
| CN109422570A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-03-05 | 祁海杰 | A kind of production method of Enoki mushroom cultivation material compatibility and this culture material |
| CN107459399A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2017-12-12 | 山东省科创食用菌产业技术研究院 | A kind of asparagus high moisturizing cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN107500874A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2017-12-22 | 山东省科创食用菌产业技术研究院 | A kind of golden mushroom plantation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN107721482A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-02-23 | 三江县稻香山茶油生态发展有限公司 | Culture medium of edible fungus containing tea seed episperm and preparation method thereof |
| CN107980478A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-05-04 | 沈月停 | A kind of needle mushroom compost of high biological transformation ratio and preparation method thereof |
| CN109275493A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-01-29 | 扶风绿保农业综合开发有限公司 | A kind of dried mushroom base-material production method |
| CN113455282A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-01 | 韶关市玉蕈菌业有限公司 | Industrial culture medium with tea seed shells as main raw materials and method for cultivating white beech mushroom, hypsizygus marmoreus and flammulina velutipes |
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