CN103387466A - Black fungus culture compatible product and preparation method of culture - Google Patents
Black fungus culture compatible product and preparation method of culture Download PDFInfo
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- CN103387466A CN103387466A CN2013103441548A CN201310344154A CN103387466A CN 103387466 A CN103387466 A CN 103387466A CN 2013103441548 A CN2013103441548 A CN 2013103441548A CN 201310344154 A CN201310344154 A CN 201310344154A CN 103387466 A CN103387466 A CN 103387466A
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Abstract
The invention provides a black fungus culture. The culture is characterized by taking chestnut branch scraps, bud hull scraps and chestnut hull scraps as main raw materials and bran, corn powder, gypsum powder and the like as auxiliary materials, wherein the water content of the culture is 63-65%. The invention also provides a preparation method of the culture. Compared with sawdust cultures, the culture has the advantages that I. the culture is reasonable in thickness matching, so that fungi have good air permeability, the black fungus hyphae grow vigorously and the bag filling time is shortened; II. through sunlight exposure, accumulation aging and biological fermentation, not only are toxic antibacterial materials removed but also macromolecular substances are degraded, thus being favourable for absorption by black fungus hyphae; III. the black fungi have good yield properties, good merchandise properties and higher biological efficiency; and IV. the culture raw material channel is widened, thus greatly reducing the production cost.
Description
Technical field
Content of the present invention comprises cultivation of auricularia auricula material compatibility, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to the fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Chinese chestnut tree is Fagaceae Castanea nuts plant, and its fruit is the famous Traditional Agricultural byproduct of China.China is the first big producing country of Chinese chestnut, and according to the statistics of Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO (FAO), to the end of the year in 2009, the Chinese Chestnut cultivated area was 200,000 hm
2, ultimate production is about 1,090,000 t, accounts for 77% of Gross World Product.
In Chinese chestnut production and the course of processing, can produce three class wastes.The one, the branch that produces after pruning.China's Chinese chestnut cultivated area is large, 700,000 tons of the branch Yue Keda that the pruning of annual Cong Li garden falls, however these branches are not reasonably utilized, and major part is used as fuel wood; The 2nd, shell, have another name called luxuriant shell, Li Peng, Li Pu shell, is the waste that stays after collecting Chinese chestnut, general every 100kg Chinese chestnut just means the dried luxuriant shell that 60kg-90kg is arranged, and these luxuriant shells are drawn materials easily, enormous amount, but except minority, done fuel, all the other are often arbitrarily abandoned or let alone rots; The 3rd, the chestnut shell, namely plant skin for the pericarp of Li Jianguo, accounts for 10% of chestnut fruit weight, and the chestnut shell is to produce in the Chinese chestnut course of processing, aboundresources and concentrating, but most of enterprise processes it as waste, both increased production cost, wastes again resource.
The Chinese chestnut branch, texture of wood is tight, and in unit volume, content of lignin is high; The bud shell, contain higher nutritive substance, and according to surveying and determination, luxuriant shell contains crude protein 8.78%, carbon 39.04%, nitrogen 1.348%; The chestnut shell, contain the compositions such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, xylogen, and wherein content of cellulose reaches 48%, and xylogen accounts for 28.5%.Above these components, can grow essential carbon source, nitrogenous source is provided for edible fungi growth.But chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, these three kinds of materials of chestnut shell also contain the materials such as tannin, wax, can suppress the growth of hypha of edible fungus, therefore must effectively process, and make these antibacterial substances be decomposed and volatilize.The method of processing comprises: sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation etc.After treatment,, owing to having removed the objectionable impurities that affects the hypha of edible fungus growth, therefore be suitable for the growth of wood rotting fungi.
Black fungus is a kind of wood-decay fungi, has stronger decomposition xylogen, cellulosic ability.Edible mushrooms Main Cultivation raw material (cotton seed hulls, wood chip) increasingly the shortage today, if chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, these waste wood matter substitution of resources woods material cultivating black fungus of chestnut shell, be not only this behave of falling of an Edible Fungi, but also be a circular agriculture and environmental protection cause behave.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material compatibility take chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, chestnut shell as main raw material
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material compatibility has following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 35%-45%, luxuriant shell bits 16%-20%, chestnut shell bits 19%-25%, wheat bran 12%, Semen Maydis powder 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
Chestnut branch bits: dry, be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Bud shell bits: be exposed to the sun, be ground into the following particle of particle diameter 3mm (preventing the long sack that punctures of luxuriant shell thorn), be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Chestnut shell bits: be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm after the chestnut shell that fresh nothing is gone mouldy is exposed to the sun, be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Wheat bran: wheat separates in processing flour process wheat cortex.
Semen Maydis powder:, as available nutrient, promote the mycelia Fast Growth, can be again the black fungus growth vitamin H etc. is provided.
Lime powder, terra alba: regulate, stablize potential of hydrogen, increase calcium, sulphur nutritive ingredient.
The making method of planting material, comprise the steps:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make simultaneously antibacterial substance decompose volatilization;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm, insert some vertical pores on heap, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, cover finally straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, adds the auxiliary materials such as wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba when turning for the third time, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times 4-5 time altogether, time remaining 6d-7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: adopt the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder of folding length 15cm, length 60cm, thick 0.05mm, bacterium rod standard is stock column length (45 ± 1) cm, bacterium rod weight (2.3 ± 0.1) kg;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharging cold air), keep 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Adopt play cave method (pocket keeps flat, and tow sides stagger) inoculation at 5, enter the bacterium stage of sending out after inoculation, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 20 ℃-22 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 50d-54d, mycelia is covered with pocket, namely enters management of producing mushroom.
The present invention considers to be worth doing as main raw material take chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba, makes the cultivation of auricularia auricula material.Compare with the cultivation on sawdust material, its advantage is: the one, and the collocation of planting material thickness is reasonable, bacterium material good permeability, the growth of black fungus mycelia is vigorous, the purseful time shorten; The 2nd, process by sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation, both removed poisonous bacteriostatics, make again the macromolecular substance degraded, be conducive to the absorption of black fungus mycelia; The 3rd, black fungus goes out remebrance can be good, and commodity property is good, and biological efficiency is higher; The 4th, widened the culturing raw material channel, greatly reduce production cost.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, the cultivation of auricularia auricula material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 35%, luxuriant shell bits 20%, chestnut shell bits 25%, wheat bran 12%, Semen Maydis powder 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. shine material: 2d is exposed to the sun raw material before spice;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled high 1.2m, and the trapezoidal heap of wide 3m, after carrying out heap, pat surrounding, then with the wooden stick of diameter 15cm, insert some vertical pores on heap, and at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, cover finally straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, adds the auxiliary materials such as wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba when turning for the third time, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times totally 5 times, time remaining 7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: adopt the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder of folding length 15cm, length 60cm, thick 0.05mm, bacterium rod standard is stock column length (45 ± 1) cm, bacterium rod weight (2.3 ± 0.1) kg;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharging cold air), keep 10h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
Adopt play cave method (pocket keeps flat, and tow sides stagger) inoculation at 5, enter after inoculation and send out the bacterium stage, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 22 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled at 65%, and through the cultivation of 50d, mycelia is covered with pocket, namely enters management of producing mushroom.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, the cultivation of auricularia auricula material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 40%, luxuriant shell bits 18%, chestnut shell bits 22%, wheat bran 12%, Semen Maydis powder 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, the cultivation of auricularia auricula material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 45%, luxuriant shell bits 16%, chestnut shell bits 19%, wheat bran 12%, Semen Maydis powder 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 4 (control group): wood chip 78%, wheat bran 20%, terra alba 1%, sucrose 1%.
By following table as can be known, the chestnut branch of all modes bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits planting material mycelia purseful number of days shorten 1d-5d than control group, and its biological efficiency reaches 122.8%-128.1%, all over the control group level.
The impact of the planting material of table different modes on the black fungus biological efficiency
Claims (7)
1. a cultivation of auricularia auricula material, is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 35%-45%, luxuriant shell bits 16%-20%, chestnut shell bits 19%-25%, wheat bran 12%, Semen Maydis powder 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
2. a kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described chestnut branch bits are the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, dry and are deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
3. a kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described luxuriant shell bits, for the following particle of particle diameter 3mm, are deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year after being exposed to the sun, pulverizing.
4. a kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described chestnut shell bits are the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, are deposited in air seasoning place after being exposed to the sun, pulverizing, ageing 1 year.
5. a kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described wheat bran is wheat separates in processing flour process wheat cortex.
6. the making method of the cultivation of auricularia auricula material described in a claim 1-5 is characterized in that:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make simultaneously antibacterial substance decompose volatilization;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewet (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm, insert some vertical pores on heap, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, cover finally straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, adds the auxiliary materials such as wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba when turning for the third time, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times 4-5 time altogether, time remaining 6d-7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. pack: adopt the high-pressure polyethylene bag cylinder of folding length 15cm, length 60cm, thick 0.05mm, bacterium rod standard is stock column length (45 ± 1) cm, bacterium rod weight (2.3 ± 0.1) kg;
6. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, and (after discharging cold air), keep 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, then naturally cools to below 25 ℃.
7. utilize the cultivation of auricularia auricula material described in claim 1-6, it is characterized in that adopting beat the cave method (pocket keeps flat at 5, tow sides stagger) inoculation, enter the bacterium stage of sending out after inoculation, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 20 ℃-22 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 50d-54d, mycelia is covered with pocket, can enter management of producing mushroom.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104387138A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-04 | 云南易门山里香食品有限责任公司 | Production method of culture bag for termitomyces albuminosus planting and method for artificially planting termitomyces albuminosus |
| CN104557319A (en) * | 2015-01-25 | 2015-04-29 | 邬金飞 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104744138A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104744139A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104744140A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN105016813A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-04 | 何金霞 | Black fungus medium and method using medium to cultivate black fungus |
| CN105254406A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-01-20 | 梁金屯 | Preparation method of edible fungus cultivation material |
| CN106495831A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-03-15 | 广西玉林市和兴农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material |
| CN111657099A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-15 | 黑龙江省润成新能源科技发展有限公司 | Method for preparing black fungus cultivation material by utilizing fast-growing bamboo willow and application |
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| CN103224426A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-07-31 | 邬金飞 | Novel method for preparing black fungus mushroom branched wood cultivars |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104387138A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-04 | 云南易门山里香食品有限责任公司 | Production method of culture bag for termitomyces albuminosus planting and method for artificially planting termitomyces albuminosus |
| CN104557319A (en) * | 2015-01-25 | 2015-04-29 | 邬金飞 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104744138A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104744139A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104744140A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN105016813A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-04 | 何金霞 | Black fungus medium and method using medium to cultivate black fungus |
| CN105254406A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-01-20 | 梁金屯 | Preparation method of edible fungus cultivation material |
| CN106495831A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-03-15 | 广西玉林市和兴农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material |
| CN111657099A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-15 | 黑龙江省润成新能源科技发展有限公司 | Method for preparing black fungus cultivation material by utilizing fast-growing bamboo willow and application |
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| CN103387466B (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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