CN103214279A - Compatibility of black fungus cultivation material and manufacturing method of cultivation material - Google Patents
Compatibility of black fungus cultivation material and manufacturing method of cultivation material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103214279A CN103214279A CN2013101695573A CN201310169557A CN103214279A CN 103214279 A CN103214279 A CN 103214279A CN 2013101695573 A CN2013101695573 A CN 2013101695573A CN 201310169557 A CN201310169557 A CN 201310169557A CN 103214279 A CN103214279 A CN 103214279A
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- black fungus
- auricularia auricula
- slag
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Abstract
The invention discloses a black fungus cultivation material. The black fungus cultivation material is characterized in that the main raw materials are bamboo crumbs, broad bean skins and grain slag and water content of the cultivation material is 62-65 percent. The invention also comprises a manufacturing method of the cultivation material. Compared with a wood dust cultivation material, the black fungus cultivation material has the advantages that coarse materials and fine materials are matched reasonably, air permeability and water binding capacity of fungus materials are good, mycelial growth speed is high so as to shorten the full-bagging time; the cultivation material is reasonable in carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and fast-acting property nutrients and slow-acting property nutrients are in balance so that the black fungus mycelial growth is strong in the early period and the nutrient supply of fungus fruiting in the later period is sufficient, and the yield and the quality of the product are improved; and woods are replaced by the bamboos and bran is replaced by the grain slag, so that cultivation raw material channels are widened, and the production cost is reduced. The black fungus cultivation material has the social benefit that the wood dust is replaced by the bamboo crumbs, a part of fungus-to-forest conflict can be relieved, the waste is turned into the treasure, and energy conservation and emission reduction are facilitated.
Description
Technical field
Content of the present invention comprises cultivation of auricularia auricula material compatibility, and the making method of this cultivation material, belongs to the fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Black fungus is a kind of wood-decay fungi, has stronger decomposition xylogen, cellulosic ability, and all the time, the mushroom farming all is to be that main raw material is made the cultivation of auricularia auricula material with the wood chip." bacterium-Lin " contradiction becomes increasingly conspicuous, so each production unit is all attached great importance to looking for cheap and good-quality alternative materials but nowadays.
China is the abundantest country of bamboo resource in the world, is that the kind of bamboo or area and accumulation all occupy first of the world.Simultaneously, along with the fast development of bamboo processing industry, a large amount of tankage in the bamboo course of processing, have been produced: bamboo head, bamboo tail and bamboo rim charge, the thing that acts as a fuel that these processing byproducts have uses, what have just is discarded in the factory limit, not only causes the wasting of resources, also serious environment pollution.
Broad bean, all there is plantation in most of provinces in the whole nation, and the areas to the south, the Changjiang river is based on autumn sowing winter kind, and early to sow in spring, China produces area and reaches more than 130 ten thousand hectares to the north of the Changjiang river.Broad bean beans meat is the main raw material of brewery, and broad bean skin (broad bean kind skin) is the tankage of brewery.At present, the broad bean skin is except that a part is used as fuel, and it is discarded that major part all is taken as rubbish.
Distillers grains and dregs comprises vinasse slag, the poor slag of vinegar, bean dregs, fecula, sugared slag, pomace and Chinese medicine slag etc., is the processing byproduct of industries such as Brewing industry, sugar-refining industry, food, Chinese medicine processing industry.The distillers grains and dregs aboundresources of China, kind is many, and quantity is big, only wine brewing, starch, the annual poor slag that just can produce more than one hundred million tons of fruit processing, the annual plant medicine slag that produces of China's Chinese medicine industry is up to millions of tons.At present, these by products are except that small part is used as feed, and major part is considered refuse, and utilization ratio is very low, and this not only wastes resource but also cause serious environmental to pollute.
In fact, xylogen in bamboo wood, the broad bean skin, cellulosic content are very high.The bamboo wood quality is hard, the content of lignin height, and anti-decomposition, and broad bean cortex ground is softer, the content of cellulose height more easily decomposes.Therefore, bamboo wood, broad bean skin are the more satisfactory carbon sources of cultivating black fungus, and reasonably combined use can improve the output and the quality of product.
Poor slag contains carbon source, nitrogenous source, inorganic salt and growth hormone 4 class nutritive substances, especially contains abundant nitrogenous source, also has the starch and the reducing sugar of high level.Existing quick-acting has slow again concurrently, is the comparatively ideal raw material of cultivating black fungus.
Utilize bamboo bits, broad bean skin and poor slag to replace wood chip, wheat bran to make the cultivation of auricularia auricula material, be not only this behave of falling of an Edible Fungi, but also be a circular agriculture and environmental protection cause behave.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspect contents:
1, a kind of is the cultivation of auricularia auricula material compatibility of main raw material with bamboo bits, broad bean skin and poor slag.
2, the making method of cultivation of auricularia auricula material.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material compatibility has following component and quality proportioning: bamboo bits 40%-50%, distillers grains and dregs (one or more poor slags) 30%-40%, broad bean skin 12%-20%, lime 2%, gypsum 1%, salt 1% all is the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
The bamboo bits: the bamboo head that produces in the bamboo course of processing, bamboo tail and bamboo rim charge, be ground into the following particle of 4mm, dry standby.The main component of bamboo bits is xylogen 31.5%-36.6%, holocellulose 74.1%-80.0%.
Poor slag: fresh poor slag, be spread out on the concrete floor or on the plastics film and ted, irritating smell (wine, vinegar, flavour of a drug etc.) is vapored away, moisture content is dropped to below the 12%-15%, dry standby.
The broad bean skin: the tankage of brewery through drying, are ground into the following particle of 5mm.The main component of broad bean skin is Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen, still contains certain mineral substance, protein, VITAMIN etc. in addition.Wherein Mierocrystalline cellulose 56.8%, hemicellulose 11.8%, xylogen 8.7%, crude protein 4.64%, structural protein 4.12%.
Lime powder, terra alba: be common commercially available product.Be used to regulate, stablize the potential of hydrogen of cultivation material.
Salt: be common commercially available product.Add salt, to suppress the activity of acetic bacteria and milk-acid bacteria.
A kind of making method of cultivation of auricularia auricula material comprises the steps:
1. earlier bamboo bits, broad bean skin are mixed with poor slag siccative, use liming (lime powder is dissolved in the water) the solution 2h that prewets then, make the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
2. terra alba and salt are dissolved in the water, slowly add to then in the compound through prewetting, the limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of cultivation material remain on 62%-65%;
3. adopt the high-pressure polyethylene bag tube of folding length 15cm, length 60cm, thick 0.05mm, bacterium rod standard is stock column length (45 ± 1) cm, bacterium rod weight (2.3 ± 1) kg;
4. the bacterium rod is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, (behind the discharging cold air) keeps 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, naturally cools to then below 25 ℃;
Adopt play cave method (pocket keeps flat, and tow sides stagger) inoculation at 5, enter the bacterium stage of sending out after the inoculation, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 20 ℃-22 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 48d-50d, mycelia is covered with the bacterium bag, promptly enters management of producing mushroom.
The present invention is a main raw material with bamboo bits, broad bean skin and poor slag, makes the cultivation of auricularia auricula material.Its advantage is: the one, the collocation of cultivation material thickness rationally, bacterium material ventilation property, retentiveness are good, mycelial growth rate is fast, the purseful time shortens; The 2nd, cultivation is expected carbon, nitrogen than rationally, quick-acting nutrient and slowly available nutrient equilibrium, and it is strong to show as black fungus mycelia growth in early stage, and the later stage goes out ear nutrient supply abundance, has improved the output and the quality of product; The 3rd, wood substituted by bamboo, replace wheat bran with poor slag, widened the culturing raw material channel, reduced production cost.Social benefit of the present invention is, substitutes wood chip with the bamboo bits, can relax a part " bacterium-Lin " contradiction, turns waste into wealth, and helps energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Embodiment
Mode 1: the cultivation of auricularia auricula material package is drawn together following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment: bamboo bits 48%, and bean dregs 30%, broad bean skin 18%, lime 2%, gypsum 1%, salt 1% all is the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. earlier bamboo bits, bean dregs are mixed with broad bean skin siccative, use liming (lime powder is dissolved in the water) the solution 2h that prewets then, make the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
2. terra alba and salt are dissolved in the water, slowly add to then in the compound through prewetting, the limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of cultivation material remain on 62%-65%;
3. adopt the high-pressure polyethylene bag tube of folding length 15cm, length 60cm, thick 0.05mm, bacterium rod standard is stock column length (45 ± 1) cm, bacterium rod weight (2.3 ± 1) kg;
4. the bacterium rod is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, (behind the discharging cold air) keeps 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, naturally cools to then below 25 ℃;
Adopt play cave method (pocket keeps flat, and tow sides stagger) inoculation at 5, enter the bacterium stage of sending out after the inoculation, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 20 ℃-22 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 48d-50d, mycelia is covered with the bacterium bag, promptly enters management of producing mushroom.
Utilize the cultivation material cultivating black fungus of present embodiment, biology efficient reaches 136.8%.
Mode 2: the cultivation of auricularia auricula material package is drawn together following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment: bamboo bits 45%, and sweet potato residue 37%, broad bean skin 14%, lime 2%, gypsum 1%, salt 1% all is the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method reference example 1.Utilize the cultivation material cultivating black fungus of present embodiment, biology efficient reaches 135.2%.
Mode 3: the cultivation of auricularia auricula material package is drawn together following component and quality proportioning in the present embodiment: bamboo bits 40%, the vinegar slag 20% that is pickled with grains or in wine, and bean dregs 20%, broad bean skin 16%, lime 2%, gypsum 1%, salt 1% all is the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method reference example 1.Utilize the cultivation material cultivating black fungus of present embodiment, biology efficient reaches 133.7%.
Mode 4 (control group): black fungus cultivation on sawdust material, wood chip 78%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, sugar 1%; Biology efficient is 121.5%.
Compare with control group, the bamboo of used mode bits cultivation material mycelia purseful fate generally shortens, and this is because bacterium material ventilation property, retentiveness are good, is beneficial to mycelial growth; On output, because the bamboo wood quality is hard, anti-decomposition, the bamboo bits cultivation material biology efficient of used mode is all above control level.
Table different ingredients output situation
Claims (6)
1. a cultivation of auricularia auricula material is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: bamboo bits 40%-50%, distillers grains and dregs (one or more poor slags) 30%-40%, broad bean skin 12%-20%, lime 2%, gypsum 1%, salt 1% all is the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
2. cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described bamboo bits particle diameter is controlled at below the 4mm.
3. cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described distillers grains and dregs is: the poor slag of vinasse slag, vinegar, bean dregs, fecula, sugared slag, pomace and Chinese medicine slag etc. wherein one or more.
4. cultivation of auricularia auricula material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described broad bean skin particle diameter is controlled at below the 5mm.
5. the preparation method of the cultivation of auricularia auricula material described in the claim 1-4 is characterized in that:
1. earlier bamboo bits, broad bean skin are mixed with poor slag siccative, use liming (lime powder is dissolved in the water) the solution 2h that prewets then, make the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
2. terra alba and salt are dissolved in the water, slowly add to then in the compound through prewetting, the limit edged is mixed, and stirs, and makes the water content of cultivation material remain on 62%-65%;
3. adopt the high-pressure polyethylene bag tube of folding length 15cm, length 60cm, thick 0.05mm, bacterium rod standard is stock column length (45 ± 1) cm, bacterium rod weight (2.3 ± 1) kg;
4. the bacterium rod is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, (behind the discharging cold air) keeps 10h-12h when kettle temperature reaches 100 ℃, naturally cools to then below 25 ℃.
6. with the cultivation of auricularia auricula material described in the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that adopting beat the cave method (pocket keeps flat at 5, tow sides stagger) inoculation, enter the bacterium stage of sending out after the inoculation, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 20 ℃-22 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 48d-50d, mycelia is covered with the bacterium bag, promptly enters management of producing mushroom.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103387466A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-11-13 | 邬金飞 | Black fungus culture compatible product and preparation method of culture |
| CN103524177A (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2014-01-22 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing black fungus cultivating material by utilizing wastes generated by Chinese walnut producing and processing |
| CN103588553A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-02-19 | 杨金锋 | Flammulina velutipes cultivation material using fresh bamboo pole as raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104261963A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2015-01-07 | 岳西县利泰农业发展有限责任公司 | Vinasse-containing black fungus culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN104584878A (en) * | 2015-02-22 | 2015-05-06 | 邬方成 | Cultivation method for auricularia auricula |
| CN104744138A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104744139A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104737800A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Cultivation method for auricularia auricula-judae |
| CN104744140A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104774109A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-15 | 十堰市农业科学院 | Black fungus substitute material containing polygonum cuspidatum residues and preparation method of black fungus substitute material |
| CN104885733A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-09-09 | 杨树东 | Method for interplanting black fungus in bamboo forest |
| CN106495831A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-03-15 | 广西玉林市和兴农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material |
| CN111386967A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-10 | 丽水市农林科学研究院 | Culture medium for cultivating black fungus by replacing wood with bamboo and cultivation method thereof |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103387466A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-11-13 | 邬金飞 | Black fungus culture compatible product and preparation method of culture |
| CN103524177A (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2014-01-22 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing black fungus cultivating material by utilizing wastes generated by Chinese walnut producing and processing |
| CN103588553A (en) * | 2013-10-14 | 2014-02-19 | 杨金锋 | Flammulina velutipes cultivation material using fresh bamboo pole as raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104261963A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2015-01-07 | 岳西县利泰农业发展有限责任公司 | Vinasse-containing black fungus culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN104584878A (en) * | 2015-02-22 | 2015-05-06 | 邬方成 | Cultivation method for auricularia auricula |
| CN104744139A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104744138A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104744140A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-01 | 邬金梅 | Preparation method of black fungus cultivation material |
| CN104737800A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Cultivation method for auricularia auricula-judae |
| CN104774109A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-15 | 十堰市农业科学院 | Black fungus substitute material containing polygonum cuspidatum residues and preparation method of black fungus substitute material |
| CN104885733A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-09-09 | 杨树东 | Method for interplanting black fungus in bamboo forest |
| CN106495831A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-03-15 | 广西玉林市和兴农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultivation of auricularia auricula material |
| CN111386967A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-07-10 | 丽水市农林科学研究院 | Culture medium for cultivating black fungus by replacing wood with bamboo and cultivation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130724 |