CN103224426A - Novel method for preparing black fungus mushroom branched wood cultivars - Google Patents
Novel method for preparing black fungus mushroom branched wood cultivars Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to black fungus mushroom branched wood cultivars which are characterized by using branched wood as a main raw material and adding auxiliary materials as fillers. The invention also comprises a preparation method for the cultivars. Compared with conventional wood dust cultivars, the branched wood cultivars have the advantages that 1. mycelia of the branched wood are not damaged during inoculation, strains can germinate in a short period, and the whole branched wood germinates at the same time, so that growth of infectious microbes is inhibited; 2. the branched wood mycelia have high anti-aging degree, so that the quality of the strains is increased; 3. cultivated fungus sticks are short and consistent in fungus age, so that the black fungus and mushroom are produced quickly, and production period is shorten and yield and quality of the product are increased; and 4. inoculation speed is fast, operations are simple and fast, and practical applicability is strong.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to edible fungus species and make the field, is the novel method of a kind of preparation black fungus, mushroom " branch wood " cultivar.
Background technology
At present, the cultivar of China's black fungus, mushroom is the wood chip bacterial classification mostly.Because wood chip bacterial classification operation when inoculation is loaded down with trivial details, operating speed is slow, injured of bacterial classification is big, therefore easily is bacterial contamination, simultaneously, the degree of depth that enters culture material owing to bacterial classification is not enough, therefore it is also very slow to send out bacterium speed, often like this causes the aging and mycelia of bottom of top mycelia just just to begin the situation of growing, and promptly the cell age of upper and lower part mycelia is widely different, and this can cause fruiting irregular, influences output.
Adopt the cultivar of " branch wood " preparation black fungus, mushroom, can overcome the above problems.Allly contain xylogen, cellulosic branch wood all can be used as production of hybrid seeds raw material.
One of raw material, solidago canadesis.Now, each region government is changing huge fund and is forcing down its growth radix, can produce a large amount of Herba Solidaginis canes in this process.This cane is nontoxic, and after tested, cane contains protein 0.58% before blooming, robust fibre 33.8%, and full nitrogen 0.92g/kg, full phosphorus 1.97g/kg, full potassium 10.7g/kg, wherein protein and crude fiber content are near edible mushrooms culturing raw material wood chip commonly used and cotton seed hulls.Therefore, the Herba Solidaginis cane can be used as the raw material of " branch wood " bacterial classification, carries out recycling.
Two of raw material, the discarded branch in the woody medicinal material woodss such as the bark of official magnolia, the bark of eucommia, this class branch dense materials, light and soft, suitable for making " branch wood " bacterial classification.
Three of raw material, mulberry tree, peach, Japanese apricot, chestnut, grape, citrus, willow, oak, maple, Chinese parasol tree, weeping willow etc. really with and greening abandon branch with after the cutting of trees, these abandon a material than consolidation, very suitable for making " branch is wooden " bacterial classification.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspect contents:
1, a kind of is black fungus, the cultivating champignon material compatibility of main raw material with " branch wood ".
2, the making method of black fungus, mushroom " branch wood " cultivar.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of black fungus, cultivating champignon material have following component and quality proportioning: the wooden 85%-95% of branch, and auxiliary material 5%-15% is the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%;
Branch wood: the stem stalk that utilizes solidago canadesis, trunk, branch, the twigs of the chaste tree that medicinal material woods (bark of official magnolia, the bark of eucommia etc.), fruit tree (mulberry tree, peach, chestnut, Japanese apricot, grape, citrus etc.) and landscape tree (willow, oak, maple, Chinese parasol tree, weeping willow etc.) are pruned, remove the residual leaf of impurity elimination branch, be cut into (0.5-1) cm
2* (8-10) cm (determining length) size according to the diameter of producing the bacterium bag, an end wedgewise dries standby;
The component of auxiliary material and quality proportioning: hardwood sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, sugar 1%; In " branch wood " cultivation material making processes, auxiliary material is filled in the gap of branch wood.
The making method of a kind of black fungus, mushroom " branch wood " cultivar comprises the steps:
1. branch wood is handled: will do the wood Polywoven Bag of packing into, and put into and be furnished with 1% sucrose, 0.3%KH
2PO
4Solution in soak 8h-10h, with weight suppression,, whether suction on it to break a wooden no dried heart degree of being into two with one's hands to allow a wood fully sink in the solution, to suction nutritive medium, after pulling out, fully drain away the water, puddle with a little dried auxiliary material then;
2. auxiliary material preparation: according to a conventional method each auxiliary material component is mixed thoroughly, mix Hou Jiashui thoroughly, last, the water content of compound is controlled at 55%-57%, and the auxiliary material preparation is promptly accused and finished;
3. pack: adopt the high-pressure polyethylene bag tube of folding length 17cm, length 35cm, thick 0.05mm, shop one deck auxiliary material earlier, after put one deck branch wood, and then put one deck auxiliary material, then put one deck branch wood again, placement so from level to level is until piling.Here, auxiliary material will fill up all vacant parts of cultivating bag, and compacting.On uppermost top layer, add a cover the auxiliary material of 1cm.This processing can make the wooden nutrition that can both fully touch up and down from auxiliary material of branch.
4. sterilize, cool off: pocket is carried out autoclaving, make 100 ℃ of sterilization 1h earlier, make 121 ℃ of autoclaving 2h then; The type of cooling is: naturally cool to below 25 ℃;
5. inoculation: after inserting original seed, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 20 ℃-22 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, and through the cultivation of 30d-32d, mycelia can be covered with whole bag.Because branch wood is tight than the wood chip structure, therefore after mycelia is covered with whole bag, must passes through the after-ripening of 7d-20d (hardwood material ripening time is long, and loose material is short) again and cultivate, so that mycelial growth is to the xylem of branch wood.
Production application: during bacterial classification inoculation, one of the wedge shape that covers with the branch wood of mycelia is inserted in the cultivating bag, and general is on the cultivating bag of 45cm in stock column length, inserts four (cultivating bag traverses) uniformly, the terminal 2mm of branch wood stays outside the bag, to play the sealing process of inoculation position.After the inoculation, thermophilic is cultivated, and through the cultivation of 35d-38d, mycelia just can be covered with whole bag, sends out bacterium time ratio wood chip bacterial classification and shortens 12d-15d.
The present invention is a main raw material with branch wood, makes black fungus, cultivating champignon kind.Its advantage is: the one, and the mycelia in when inoculation branch wood is injury-free, and bacterial classification can be sprouted in a short time, and whole branch wood sends out bacterium simultaneously, has effectively suppressed the growth of assorted bacterium; The 2nd, the anti-aging degree height of mycelia has improved strain quality in the wood; The 3rd, the bacterium rod cell age of cultivating is short and consistent, can use ear (mushroom) so soon and neatly, shortens the production cycle, improves the output and the quality of product; The 4th, inoculation speed is fast, and is easy and simple to handle, quick, practical.
Embodiment
Mode 1: mushroom in the present embodiment " branch wood " cultivar comprises following component and quality proportioning: branch wood 90%, auxiliary material 10%.
Branch wood: be the stem stalk of solidago canadesis, be cut into (0.5-1) cm
2* 8cm size, an end wedgewise;
The component of auxiliary material and quality proportioning: hardwood sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, sugar 1%;
Making method:
1. branch wood is handled: will do the wood Polywoven Bag of packing into, and put into and be furnished with 1% sucrose, 0.3%KH
2PO
4Solution in soak 8h, after pulling out, fully drain away the water, puddle with a little dried auxiliary material then;
2. auxiliary material preparation: spice according to a conventional method, the water content of auxiliary material is controlled at 55%-57%;
3. pack: the high-pressure polyethylene bag tube that adopts folding length 17cm, length 35cm, thick 0.05mm, spread one deck auxiliary material earlier, put one deck branch wood on it, and then put one deck auxiliary material, then put one deck branch wood again, place so from level to level, auxiliary material will fill up the vacant part of sack, and compacting, the auxiliary material of 1cm is added a cover on the surface;
4. sterilize, cool off: pocket is carried out autoclaving, keep 100 ℃ of sterilization 1h earlier, rise to 121 ℃ of autoclaving 2h then; The type of cooling: naturally cool to below 25 ℃;
5. inoculation: after inserting original seed, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 20 ℃-22 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, and through the cultivation of 30d, mycelia is covered with full bag, and then cultivates through the after-ripening of 7d, promptly can be used for the cultivating bag inoculation.
Utilize the wooden cultivar of branch of present embodiment, inoculation stock column length is the shiitake cultivation bag of 45cm, and through the cultivation of 35d, mycelia just can be covered with full bag, sends out bacterium time ratio wood chip bacterial classification and shortens 15d.
Mode 2: black fungus in the present embodiment " branch wood " cultivar comprises following component and quality proportioning: branch wood 85%, auxiliary material 15%.
Branch wood:, be cut into (0.5-1) cm with the peach branch
2* 8cm size, an end wedgewise;
The component of auxiliary material and quality proportioning: hardwood sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, sugar 1%;
Making method reference example 1, because the material of peach is than consolidation, so the after-ripening incubation time is extended for 15d.
Utilize " branch wood " cultivar of present embodiment, inoculation stock column length is the shiitake cultivation bag of 45cm, and through the cultivation of 38d, mycelia just can be covered with full bag, sends out bacterium time ratio wood chip bacterial classification and shortens 12d.
Claims (7)
1. a black fungus, mushroom " branch wood " cultivar is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: the wooden 85%-95% of branch, and auxiliary material 5%-15% is the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.
2. " branch wood " according to claim 1 cultivar, it is characterized in that: branch wood adopts the stem stalk of solidago canadesis.
3. " branch wood " according to claim 1 cultivar, it is characterized in that: branch wood adopts trunk, the branch of pruning in the woody medicinal material woodss such as the bark of official magnolia, the bark of eucommia.
4. " branch wood " according to claim 1 cultivar is characterized in that: branch, the twigs of the chaste tree that branch wood adopts pruning fruit trees such as mulberry tree, peach, Japanese apricot, chestnut, citrus, grape to get off.
5. " branch wood " according to claim 1 cultivar, it is characterized in that: branch wood adopts landscape trees such as willow, maple, oak, Chinese parasol tree, weeping willow to prune stem, the branch that gets off.
6. cultivar according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the component of auxiliary material and quality proportioning: hardwood sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 1%, sugar 1%.
7. the making method of the black fungus described in the claim 1-6, mushroom " branch wood " cultivar comprises the steps:
1. branch wood is handled: will do a wood and be cut into (0.5-1) cm
2* (8-10) cm (determining length) size according to the diameter of producing the bacterium bag, one end wedgewise, the Polywoven Bag of packing into, put into be furnished with 1% sucrose, the solution of 0.3%KH2PO4 soaks 8h-10h, suppress with weight on it, to allow a wood fully sink in the solution, to suction nutritive medium (breaking a wooden no dried heart into two with one's hands), after pulling out, fully drain away the water, puddle with a little dried auxiliary material then;
2. auxiliary material preparation: according to a conventional method each auxiliary material component is mixed thoroughly, mix Hou Jiashui thoroughly, last, the water content of compound is controlled at 55%-57%;
3. pack: adopt the high-pressure polyethylene bag tube of folding length 17cm, length 35cm, thick 0.05mm, shop one deck auxiliary material earlier, after put one deck branch wood, and then put one deck auxiliary material, then put one deck branch wood again, placement so from level to level is until piling;
4. sterilize, cool off: pocket is carried out autoclaving, make 100 ℃ of sterilization 1h earlier, make 121 ℃ of autoclaving 2h then; The type of cooling is: naturally cool to below 25 ℃;
5. inoculation: after inserting original seed, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 20 ℃-22 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled at 60%-75%, and through the cultivation of 30d-32d, mycelia can be covered with whole bag.Because branch wood is tight than the wood chip structure, therefore after mycelia is covered with whole bag, must passes through the after-ripening of 7d-20d (hardwood material ripening time is long, and loose material is short) again and cultivate, so that mycelial growth is to the xylem of branch wood.
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Cited By (15)
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CN103387466A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-11-13 | 邬金飞 | Black fungus culture compatible product and preparation method of culture |
CN103704011A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-04-09 | 广西柳城县成霖农业科技有限公司 | High-yield fungus package for cultivation of black funguses |
CN104106377A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-10-22 | 桂林丰茂源农业技术开发有限公司 | Black agaric cultivation method |
CN104221718A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-24 | 汤阴县食用菌研究所 | Formula of edible fungi branch strain compost and preparation method of strain compost |
CN104311256A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-01-28 | 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Shii-take culture medium prepared by using industrial marihuana |
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CN104106377B (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2015-12-02 | 桂林丰茂源农业技术开发有限公司 | The cultivation method of woodear |
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CN104221718A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-24 | 汤阴县食用菌研究所 | Formula of edible fungi branch strain compost and preparation method of strain compost |
CN104221718B (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-11-09 | 汤阴县食用菌研究所 | The formula of a kind of edible mushroom tree fungus compost and the preparation method of this compost |
CN104429591A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-03-25 | 河北大学 | Method for cultivating auricularia polytricha through thorn scraps |
CN104478546A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-04-01 | 河北大学 | Method for utilizing vitex negundo var ineica scrap to culture hericium erinaceus |
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