CN109757299B - Cultivation method for improving quality of ganoderma lucidum spore powder - Google Patents
Cultivation method for improving quality of ganoderma lucidum spore powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN109757299B CN109757299B CN201910114707.8A CN201910114707A CN109757299B CN 109757299 B CN109757299 B CN 109757299B CN 201910114707 A CN201910114707 A CN 201910114707A CN 109757299 B CN109757299 B CN 109757299B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for improving the quality of ganoderma lucidum spore powder, which comprises the following steps: bundling three fungus sticks together to form a composite new fungus stick according to the sequence of the substitute fungus stick, the cut-log fungus stick and the substitute fungus stick; and (3) carrying out soil covering cultivation on the composite new fungus stick, spraying water, carrying out conventional management, and finally collecting spore powder. The invention can improve the technical effects of the polysaccharide content and the triterpene content of the spore powder on the basis of basically keeping the yield of the spore powder constant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a cultivation method for improving the quality of ganoderma lucidum spore powder.
Background
Ganoderma is fungus of Ganoderma of Polyporaceae of Basidiomycetes, and Ganoderma spore powder is essence part of Ganoderma. Ganoderma spore is the spore ejected from the back of the pileus of Ganoderma in the growth and maturation stage, is the germ cell of Ganoderma, and has been made into various health foods. The chemical components of Ganoderma spore include proteins, amino acids, glycopeptides, vitamins, carotene, sterols, triterpenes, alkaloids, fatty acids, lactones, and inorganic ions.
The existing ganoderma lucidum cultivation methods comprise two methods: substitute cultivation and cut-log cultivation.
The substitute cultivation is a method for cultivating the ganoderma lucidum by using the agricultural and forestry leftovers such as wood chips, cottonseed hulls, sweet bran, crop straws and the like, a large amount of oak can be saved, the nutrition in the culture material is rich, and the culture medium is looser than wood, so that the ganoderma lucidum mycelia and fruiting bodies grow fast, the growth period is short, the yield of the ganoderma lucidum is higher than that of the cut log cultivation from inoculation to collection, and the yield of corresponding spore powder is also higher than that of the cut log cultivation; but the content of spore powder polysaccharide and the content of spore powder triterpene are lower than that of cut-log cultivation;
the cut-log cultivation is a method for cultivating the lucid ganoderma by cutting the lucid ganoderma into sections suitable for growing the lucid ganoderma, a large amount of oak is consumed in the cut-log cultivation mode, although no nutrient solution is needed to be added, the spawn running time is slower than that of substitute cultivation, the yield of sporocarp and spore powder is lower, but the content of polysaccharide in the spore powder and the content of triterpene in the spore powder are higher than that of the substitute cultivation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a cultivation method for improving the quality of ganoderma lucidum spore powder, which can realize the technical effects of improving the polysaccharide content and the triterpene content of the spore powder on the basis of basically keeping the yield of the spore powder constant.
The adopted technical scheme is as follows:
a cultivation method for improving the quality of ganoderma lucidum spore powder comprises the following steps: bundling three fungus sticks together to form a composite new fungus stick according to the sequence of the substitute fungus stick, the cut-log fungus stick and the substitute fungus stick; and (3) carrying out soil covering cultivation on the composite new fungus stick, spraying water, carrying out conventional management, and finally collecting spore powder.
Further, after a plurality of the composite new fungus sticks are discharged according to the space of 4-6cm and the row spacing of 8-12cm, covering soil with the thickness of 2-3cm, spraying water, then carrying out conventional management, and finally collecting spore powder.
Further, the step of regular management comprises: when the ganoderma lucidum emerges, the number and the growth position of the ganoderma lucidum are controlled, so that the ganoderma lucidum grows on the cut log cultivation material and grows on the substitute material beside the cut log cultivation material and is pulled out through bud thinning.
Further, the preparation method of the cut-log bacterium rod comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting seeds of a tree in Fagaceae as a main material, selecting the tree with the diameter of 8-18cm, cutting the tree into small sections with the diameter of 15-18cm, filling the small sections into a polyethylene tubular plastic bag, and fastening a bag opening; sterilizing at 95-100 deg.C under normal pressure for 24 hr, and naturally cooling after a period of time;
s2, inoculating the log according to a conventional sterile operation procedure; the inoculated fungus bags are arranged on a shelf in a culture room for fungus running management; and filling the bag with hypha to obtain the cut-log fungus stick.
Further, the preparation method of the substitute bacteria stick comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of a substitute cultivation medium: mixing 78% of sawdust, 10% of corn flour, 10% of bran, 1% of sucrose and 1% of gypsum according to the weight ratio, and adding water to ensure that the water content of the culture medium is 58-62 wt%;
s2, bagging the prepared ganoderma lucidum culture medium, sealing the fungus bags subjected to bagging operation by using a lantern ring, a cotton plug or a rubber band or a rope, and then sterilizing the fungus bags;
s3, inoculating the substitute material according to a conventional sterile operation procedure; the inoculated fungus bags are arranged on a shelf in a culture room for fungus running management; and (5) filling the bag with hypha to obtain the substitute material fungus stick.
Further, the step of collecting spore powder comprises: collecting spore powder at the later growth stage of Ganoderma fruiting body, placing a shed above Ganoderma when collecting spore powder, collecting with nonwoven cloth bag, oven drying or sun drying spore powder until the water content of spore powder is less than 3 wt%, packaging, and storing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
three fungus sticks are bundled together to form a composite new fungus stick according to the sequence of a substitute fungus stick, a cut-log fungus stick and a substitute fungus stick; the new composite fungus sticks are used for replacing the material fungus sticks to clamp the cut-log fungus sticks, and the new composite fungus sticks can be used for combining the advantages of replacing material cultivation and cut-log cultivation; and then, the new compound fungus sticks are subjected to soil covering cultivation, and the cultivation method of the new compound fungus sticks can improve the quality of the ganoderma lucidum spore powder and realize the technical effects of improving the polysaccharide content and the triterpene content of the spore powder on the basis of basically keeping the yield of the spore powder constant.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but the use and purpose of these exemplary embodiments are merely to exemplify the present invention, and do not set forth any limitation on the actual scope of the present invention in any form, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
A cultivation method for improving the quality of ganoderma lucidum spore powder comprises the following steps:
1. selecting the ganoderma lucidum strain: "Longzhi No.";
2. cut-log cultivation material
Selecting Fagaceae tree species as main material, selecting tree with diameter of 8-18cm, cutting into 15-18cm segments, placing into polyethylene tubular plastic bag, and tying the bag opening. Sterilizing at 95-100 deg.C under normal pressure, maintaining for 24 hr, sealing for a period of time, and naturally cooling.
3. Production of substitute cultivation material
Preparing a substitute cultivation medium: mixing 78% of wood chips, 10% of corn flour, 10% of bran, 1% of sucrose and 1% of gypsum according to the weight ratio, and adding water to enable the water content of the culture medium to be 58-62 wt%; bagging the prepared ganoderma lucidum culture medium, wherein the bagging height is the same as that of the cut-log cultivation material, sealing the fungus bags subjected to bagging operation by using a lantern ring, a cotton plug or a rubber band or a rope, and then sterilizing the fungus bags.
4. Spawn running
Inoculating the log according to a conventional sterile operation procedure; the inoculated fungus bags are arranged on a shelf in a culture room for fungus running management; after 15-20 days, carrying out inoculation operation on the substitute materials by the same method; and (4) arranging the inoculated fungus bags on a shelf in a culture room for fungus walking management.
5. Management of fruiting bodies
And after the bag is filled with hypha, carrying out indoor ganoderma lucidum growing and soil covering cultivation on the fungus bag. After the fungus bags containing the substitute material fungus sticks and the fungus bags containing the cut-log fungus sticks are taken off, every three fungus sticks are bundled together into a group according to the sequence of the substitute material fungus sticks, the cut-log fungus sticks and the substitute material fungus sticks to form a new compound fungus stick. And (3) after the fungus materials are discharged according to the space of 5cm and the line space of 10cm, covering soil with the thickness of 2cm, spraying water, and performing conventional management. When the ganoderma lucidum just emerges, the number and the growth position of the ganoderma lucidum need to be controlled, the ganoderma lucidum grows on a cut-log cultivation material (namely a cut-log fungus rod) and is kept, and grows on a substitute material (namely a substitute fungus rod) beside the ganoderma lucidum and is pulled out through bud thinning.
6. Collecting spore powder
Collecting spore powder at the later growth stage of Ganoderma fruiting body, placing a shed above Ganoderma when collecting spore powder, collecting with nonwoven cloth bag, oven drying or sun drying spore powder until the water content of spore powder is less than 3 wt%, packaging, and storing.
Example 2
The cultivation method of the present example was carried out with reference to example 1, and differs from example 1 in that: the ganoderma lucidum strain is selected instead: xianzhi No. one.
Comparative example 1
A substitute cultivation method comprises the following steps:
1. selecting the ganoderma lucidum strain: "Longzhi No.";
2. production of substitute cultivation material
Preparing a substitute cultivation medium: mixing 78% of wood chips, 10% of corn flour, 10% of bran, 1% of sucrose and 1% of gypsum according to the weight ratio, and adding water to enable the water content of the culture medium to be 58-62 wt%; bagging the prepared ganoderma lucidum culture medium, wherein the bagging height is the same as that of the cut-log cultivation material, sealing the fungus bags subjected to bagging operation by using a lantern ring, a cotton plug or a rubber band or a rope, and then sterilizing the fungus bags.
3. Spawn running
Inoculating the substitute according to a conventional sterile operation procedure; and (4) arranging the inoculated fungus bags on a shelf in a culture room for fungus walking management.
4. Management of fruiting bodies
After the bag is filled with hypha, removing the bag, bundling every three fungus sticks together into a group according to the sequence of substitute material fungus sticks, substitute material fungus sticks and substitute material fungus sticks, using the fungus bags as substitute material contrast, and carrying out indoor ganoderma lucidum growing and soil covering cultivation on the fungus bags. After fungus bags containing substitute material fungus sticks are taken off, the substitute material fungus sticks are covered with soil with the thickness of 2cm after fungus materials are discharged according to the space of 5cm and the row spacing of 10cm, and water is sprayed for conventional management.
5. Collecting spore powder
Collecting spore powder at the later growth stage of Ganoderma fruiting body, placing a shed above Ganoderma when collecting spore powder, collecting with nonwoven cloth bag, oven drying or sun drying spore powder until the water content of spore powder is less than 3 wt%, packaging, and storing.
Comparative example 2
A log cultivation method comprises the following steps:
1. selecting the ganoderma lucidum strain: "Longzhi No.";
2. cut-log cultivation material
Selecting Fagaceae tree species as main material, selecting tree with diameter of 8-18cm, cutting into 15-18cm segments, placing into polyethylene tubular plastic bag, and tying the bag opening. Sterilizing at 95-100 deg.C under normal pressure, maintaining for 24 hr, sealing for a period of time, and naturally cooling.
3. Spawn running
Inoculating the log according to a conventional sterile operation procedure; and (4) arranging the inoculated fungus bags on a shelf in a culture room for fungus walking management.
5. Management of fruiting bodies
After the bag is filled with mycelia, removing the bag, bundling every three fungus sticks together into a group according to the sequence of the cut-log fungus sticks, the cut-log fungus sticks and the cut-log fungus sticks, and performing indoor ganoderma growing and soil covering cultivation on the fungus bags as cut-log contrast. After fungus bags containing the cut-log fungus sticks are removed from the bags, the substitute material fungus sticks are subjected to conventional management according to the interval of 5cm and the row spacing of 10cm, after fungus materials are discharged, the soil is covered by 2cm thick, and water is sprayed.
6. Collecting spore powder
Collecting spore powder at the later growth stage of Ganoderma fruiting body, placing a shed above Ganoderma when collecting spore powder, collecting with nonwoven cloth bag, oven drying or sun drying spore powder until the water content of spore powder is less than 3 wt%, packaging, and storing.
Comparative example 3
The cultivation method of substitute of this comparative example was carried out with reference to comparative example 1, in contrast to comparative example 1: the ganoderma lucidum strain is selected instead: xianzhi No. one.
Comparative example 4
The cut-log cultivation method of this comparative example was carried out with reference to comparative example 2, in contrast to comparative example 2: the ganoderma lucidum strain is selected instead: xianzhi No. one.
Spore powders obtained in examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-4 were tested for yield, polysaccharide content and triterpene content using a standard conventional test method, and the data obtained are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the spore powder yield obtained by the cultivation method of the invention is basically equal, and the polysaccharide content and the triterpene content are improved. Specifically, the yield of the composite new fungus stick is between that of a substitute fungus stick and that of a cut-log fungus stick, but the polysaccharide content and the triterpene content are improved relative to that of the substitute fungus stick and the cut-log fungus stick.
It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should also be understood that various alterations, modifications and/or variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art after reading the technical content of the present invention, and all such equivalents fall within the protective scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims (4)
1. A cultivation method for improving the quality of ganoderma lucidum spore powder is characterized by comprising the following steps: bundling three fungus sticks together to form a composite new fungus stick according to the sequence of the substitute fungus stick, the cut-log fungus stick and the substitute fungus stick; carrying out soil covering cultivation on the composite new fungus stick, spraying water, carrying out conventional management, and finally collecting spore powder;
the preparation method of the cut-log fungus stick comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting seeds of a tree in Fagaceae as a main material, selecting the tree with the diameter of 8-18cm, cutting the tree into small sections with the diameter of 15-18cm, filling the small sections into a polyethylene tubular plastic bag, and fastening a bag opening; sterilizing at 95-100 deg.C under normal pressure for 24 hr, and naturally cooling after a period of time;
s2, inoculating the log according to a conventional sterile operation procedure; the inoculated fungus bags are arranged on a shelf in a culture room for fungus running management; obtaining the cut-log fungus sticks after the bags are filled with hypha;
the preparation method of the substitute material bacteria stick comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of a substitute cultivation medium: mixing 78% of sawdust, 10% of corn flour, 10% of bran, 1% of sucrose and 1% of gypsum according to the weight ratio, and adding water to ensure that the water content of the culture medium is 58-62 wt%;
s2, bagging the prepared ganoderma lucidum culture medium, sealing the fungus bags subjected to bagging operation by using a lantern ring, a cotton plug or a rubber band or a rope, and then sterilizing the fungus bags;
s3, inoculating the substitute material according to a conventional sterile operation procedure; the inoculated fungus bags are arranged on a shelf in a culture room for fungus running management; and (5) filling the bag with hypha to obtain the substitute material fungus stick.
2. The cultivation method for improving the quality of ganoderma lucidum spore powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein after a plurality of the compound new fungus sticks are discharged according to the space between 4 and 6cm and the line spacing between 8 and 12cm, soil is covered by 2 to 3cm thick, water is sprayed, then conventional management is carried out, and finally spore powder is collected.
3. The cultivation method for improving the quality of ganoderma lucidum spore powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of regular management comprises: when the ganoderma lucidum emerges, the number and the growth position of the ganoderma lucidum are controlled, so that the ganoderma lucidum grows on the cut log cultivation material and grows on the substitute material beside the cut log cultivation material and is pulled out through bud thinning.
4. The cultivation method for improving the quality of ganoderma lucidum spore powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of collecting the spore powder comprises the following steps: collecting spore powder at the later growth stage of Ganoderma fruiting body, placing a shed above Ganoderma when collecting spore powder, collecting with nonwoven cloth bag, oven drying or sun drying spore powder until the water content of spore powder is less than 3 wt%, packaging, and storing.
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| CN1282789A (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2001-02-07 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业研究所 | Method for cultivating glossy ganoderma on mulberry branch |
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| CN101855988A (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2010-10-13 | 刘�文 | Method for culturing fungi and planting tall gastrodia tuber indoors |
| CN103583210A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-02-19 | 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 | Method for interplanting ganoderma lucidum in tea gardens |
| CN104541938A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-04-29 | 杭州常青保健食品有限公司 | Merge-cultivating method of Ganoderma |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1282789A (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2001-02-07 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业研究所 | Method for cultivating glossy ganoderma on mulberry branch |
| CN101574040A (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2009-11-11 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Soil covering culture method for simulated wild glossy ganoderma |
| CN101855990A (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2010-10-13 | 刘�文 | Method for cultivating gastrodia tuber by clinker wood |
| CN101855988A (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2010-10-13 | 刘�文 | Method for culturing fungi and planting tall gastrodia tuber indoors |
| CN104541938A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-04-29 | 杭州常青保健食品有限公司 | Merge-cultivating method of Ganoderma |
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