CN103299822A

CN103299822A - Schizophyllum commune Fr high-yield fruiting body strain and three-dimensional ecology-returning cultivation method

Info

Publication number: CN103299822A
Application number: CN2012100604055A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李梦杰; 洪俊彦; 李荣春
Original assignee: PU'ER DIANHONGJUN BIOTECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
Current assignee: PU'ER DIANHONGJUN BIOTECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
Priority date: 2012-03-09
Filing date: 2012-03-09
Publication date: 2013-09-18

Abstract

The invention discloses a Schizophyllum commune Fr high-yield fruiting body strain and a three-dimensional ecology-returning cultivation method, which comprises the following steps of: 1. strain collection and domestication; 2. strain screening; 3. optimum cultivation season; 4. bacteria package production; 5. inoculation; 6. bacteria package culture; 7. maturation culture; and 8. three-dimensional ecology-returning cultivation.

Description

One strain schizophyllum commune high yield fruit body bacterial strain and return ecological stereo cultivation method

Technical field

The present invention is the domestication of edible and medical fungi bacterial strain and cultivation field.

Background technology

Schizophyllum commune (Schizophyllum commune Fr.), local name: chicken feather mushroom (Hubei), cockscomb bacterium (Hunan), tree flower (Shaanxi), white gill fungus, white ginseng, smallpox gill fungus (Yunnan), little bavin wild rice (Fujian), eight load bavins (common name).Be under the jurisdiction of mycota (Mycota), Eumycota (Eumycota), Basidiomycetes (Basidiomycetes), Agaricales (Agaricales), schizophyllum commune section (Schizophyllaceae), Schizophyllum (Schizophyllum).It is a kind of famous and precious wild edible and medical fungi of being born on the rotten wood of summer and autumn, and during the schizophyllum sporophores children, matter is tender delicious, has special strong fragrance, and Yunnan the with a long history of schizophyllum commune that search for food regarded it as the high-grade edible bacterium, and products export is arranged.The amino acid content of schizophyllum commune is very abundant, contains 18 seed amino acids, and the total amino acid content in the schizophyllum sporophores is 5.51%, and comprising necessary 8 seed amino acids of human body, and the ratio that essential amino acid accounts for total amino acid content is 40.83%.Studies show that schizophyllum commune has the multiple physiologically actives such as the immunity of organisms of raising, anti-inflammation, radioresistance, had good edible and medical value.Schizophyllum commune Fr polysaccharides has been developed to anti-tumor agent at present, is used for the treatment of in conjunction with chemicotherapy in the treatment of cervix cancer, cancer of the stomach and hepatitis B etc.Yet until today, the cultivation scale of schizophyllum commune is but still very little, and restricting factor mainly is that output is unstable because tame schizophyllum commune biological transformation ratio is low.There is no at present superior strain and return the report of ecological three-dimensional composite cultivation mode.

Summary of the invention

The present invention has been the domestication one strain schizophyllum commune high yield fruit body bacterial strain, and innovated the schizophyllum commune planting type of present report, first schizophyllum commune is back in the natural ecological environment, take full advantage of the regional environment in tea place, coffee garden, forest land, not only improved the unit soil availability, increased soil fertility, but also improved the tame output of schizophyllum commune, improved quality.

Schizophyllum commune GGHN08-26 returns in the ecological three-dimensional composite cultivation mode at " tea-schizophyllum commune ", and biological transformation ratio reaches 45.8%; The amino acid content that returns ecological schizophyllum commune is 17.805%, is 3 times of wild schizophyllum commune; The polyoses content that returns ecological schizophyllum commune is 24.1%, is 80 times of artificial cultivation schizophyllum commune.Particular content of the present invention comprises the following aspects: 1. wild strain is collected and domestication.A large amount of bacterial strains that open-air mushroom wood is separated at first confirm by the fruiting experiment, and then by mycelial growth rate determination test, anti-hybrid ability test and fruiting experiment, it is schizophyllum commune GGHN08-26 that final screening obtains bacterial strain.This bacterial strain picks up from Central Yunnan, host plant is that this bacterial strain of indian jujube Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.2. belongs to wood decay fungi, has stronger decomposition lignin, cellulosic ability, well-grown on the matrix that contains glucose, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin also needs mineral element and a small amount of vitamins such as potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus simultaneously.3. the best cultivation prescription of this bacterial strain is cotton seed hulls 45%, wood chip 30%, wheat bran 15%, corn flour 8%, lime 1%, sugar 1%.4. returning in the ecological cultivation process at first is arrangement groove face, trench digging, tea weeds are in the ranks processed clean, preferably with the weeds evulsion, tea tree in the ranks, coffee tree in the ranks or woodland open a wide 35cm, the ditch of dark 15cm.Next is that the bacterium bag is processed and put, the sack of bacterium bag is scratched with pocket knife, whole polyethylene (polypropylene) plastic sack is torn off, pollute if bacterium is surrounded by part, pollute part with hilt and remove, in the situation with good conditionsi, soak gdna contamination with limewash again, be horizontally placed on ditch after taking off bag, between the bacterium bag about spacing 2-3cm, after all the bacterium bag is put fully, fully pour water once.Earthing at last, treat that moisture all floods down between ditch after, use the fine earth earthing, fill up slit and bacterium bag surface, the thick 2-3cm of earthing, and water sufficient water at earthing.5. in the management of producing mushroom process, standard of plucking is that the schizophyllum commune cap is not carried out fully, and is best when color is milky, during harvesting, holds the stem base portion, and whole clump is taken.Adopted the later water spray of mushroom once every day during fruiting, and water spray is advisable with moistening table soil.After treating that the first damp mushroom fruiting fully, stop water spray, bacteria 8-10 days, then fully pouring water once went out the second damp mushroom.

Embodiment

1. the domestication breeding of bacterial strain:

The method of at first separating by mushroom wood obtains a large amount of bacterial classifications from the field, concrete measure: remove the fruit body on the mushroom wood, with apparatus such as cotton ball soaked in alcohol wiping mushroom wood, hand, scalpels, wiping is crossed the cotton balls of apparatus and light the calcination scalpel with fire, aglow rear cooling, the mushroom outer surface of wood skin of pruning gently and giving birth to fruit body, and then a calcination scalpel, after cooling, cutting the access of lower block of mushroom wood with the mushroom wood position of scalpel after peeling is equipped with in the centrifuge tube of PDA medium.

Then by the checking of purifying and fruiting experiment, concrete measure: the bacterial classification that separates of mushroom wood is taken back on the PDA medium that the laboratory is transferred to the bacterium of having gone out in the open air, can until bacterium colony is pure.To the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of the bacterium of having gone out, 25 ℃ of dark cultivations treat that mycelia covers with the bacterium bag and move to fruiting with bacterial classification inoculation behind the purifying Mushroom, the higher bacterial strain of primary dcreening operation fruiting output.

Bacterial strain behind the primary dcreening operation is further sieved again, and, green mold etc. mould by anti-wood resists assorted test, and the screening anti-hybrid ability is strong, the bacterial strain that fruiting is stable.

By above test, the bacterial strain that finishing screen is selected is GGHN08-26.

2. best fruiting prescription screening

By the different formulations comparative test, final definite take cotton seed hulls, wood chip/bamboo bits, wheat bran, corn flour etc. as raw material, this bacterial strain has maximum output, and the concrete proportioning of each composition is: cotton seed hulls 45%, wood chip/bamboo bits 30%, wheat bran 15%, corn flour 8%, lime 1%, sugar 1%.

3. schizophyllum commune returns ecological cultivation

At first be arrangement groove face, trench digging, tea weeds are in the ranks processed clean, preferably with the weeds evulsion, tea tree in the ranks, coffee tree in the ranks or woodland open a wide 35cm, the ditch of dark 15cm.Next is that the bacterium bag is processed and put, the sack of bacterium bag is scratched with pocket knife, whole polyethylene (polypropylene) plastic sack is torn off, pollute if bacterium is surrounded by part, pollute part with hilt and remove, in the situation with good conditionsi, soak gdna contamination with limewash again, be horizontally placed on ditch after taking off bag, between the bacterium bag about spacing 2-3cm, after all the bacterium bag is put fully, fully pour water once.To cover the scholar at last, treat that moisture all floods down between ditch after, use the fine earth earthing, fill up slit and bacterium bag surface, the thick 2-3cm of earthing, and water sufficient water at earthing.

4. management of producing mushroom

After treating that the first damp mushroom fruiting fully, stop water spray, bacteria 8-10 days, then fully pouring water once went out the second damp mushroom.

Claims

1. a strain schizophyllum commune high yield fruit body bacterial strain and return ecological stereo cultivation method, it adopts following steps:

Step 1, bacterial strain collection, domestication: by the collection to Yunnan Province's different hosts, the wild schizophyllum commune resource in habitat, utilize the introduction and acclimatization measures such as the separation of mushroom wood, fruit body inoculation, preserve the schizophyllum commune bacterial classification.Then by fruiting experiment, primary dcreening operation produces the stronger bacterial strain of fruit body ability;

Step 2, bacterial strain screening: with the bacterial strain behind the primary dcreening operation, the anti-assorted test such as, mould mould by wood is multiple sieve further, filters out by fruiting experiment that anti-hybrid ability is strong, the bacterial strain of stable yield at last again, and the bacterial strain that finishing screen is chosen is the GGHN08-26 bacterial strain:

Step 3, cultivation season: this bacterial strain all can return ecological cultivation throughout the year in Yunnan Province, but best cultivation season is early spring to autumn Mo;

Step 4, bacterium pack work: take cotton seed hulls, wood chip or bamboo bits, wheat bran, corn flour etc. as raw material, filling a prescription is cotton seed hulls 45%, wood chip/bamboo bits 30%, wheat bran 15%, corn flour 8%, lime 1%, sugar 1%.Water content is controlled between the 55%-65%, is made into 17 * 33cm bacterium bag, autoclaving 2 hours or normal-pressure sterilization 10 hours;

Step 5, inoculation: when the bacterium bag of the good bacterium of fire is cooled to begin about 25 ℃ inoculation, during inoculation, in the punching inoculation of bag body side, make a call to 3 inoculation holes, adhesive plaster seals behind the access bacterial classification;

Step 6, bacterium bag are cultivated: after the inoculation, the bacterium bag is put on culturing room's bedstead or the level land stacks a bacterium, sends out the bacterium culture environment and requires thermophilic, lucifuge, ventilation, drying.Keep 24-26 ℃ of room temperature, be beneficial to bacterial classification and sprout field planting and mycelial growth;

Step 7, slaking are cultivated: after mycelia is covered with in bag, still must continue to cultivate a period of time, make mycelia reach physiological ripening.Ripe standard is to form block hypohostroma at the bag wall, and pressing cultivation bag with hand has depression to occur.The time that slaking is cultivated is 10-15d approximately, and interior nitrogenous source nutrition and the nutrition of quick-acting carbon source of composts or fertilisers of cultivating this moment exhausts substantially, and changing also appears in the contents level of some organized enzyme;

Step 8, return ecological vertical cultivation: the arrangement groove face, tea weeds are in the ranks processed clean, preferably with the weeds evulsion; Trench digging, tea tree in the ranks, coffee tree in the ranks or woodland open a wide 35cm, the ditch of dark 15cm; The bacterium bag is processed, and the sack of bacterium bag is scratched with pocket knife, and whole polyethylene (polypropylene) plastic sack is torn off, pollutes if bacterium is surrounded by part, pollutes part with hilt and removes, and in the situation with good conditionsi, soaks gdna contamination with limewash again; The bacterium bag is put, and bacterium is horizontally placed on ditch after wrapping in and taking off bag, about spacing 2-3cm, after all the bacterium bag is put fully, fully pours water once between the bacterium bag; Earthing, treat that moisture all floods down between ditch after, use the fine earth earthing, fill up slit and bacterium bag surface, the thick 2-3cm of earthing, and water sufficient water at earthing; Management of producing mushroom, standard of plucking are that the schizophyllum commune cap is not carried out fully, and be best when color is milky, during harvesting, holds the stem base portion, and whole clump is taken.Adopted the later water spray of mushroom once every day during fruiting, and water spray is to be advisable on the moistening table.After treating that the first damp mushroom fruiting fully, stop water spray.Bacteria 8-10 days, then fully pouring water once went out the second damp mushroom.

2. described according to claim 1, schizophyllum commune GGHN08-26 bacterial strain is that a strain produces the stronger bacterial strain of fruit body ability.

3. described according to claim 1, schizophyllum commune GGHN08-26 bacterial strain is the stronger bacterial strain of a strain anti-hybrid ability.

4. described according to claim 1, the best cultivation season of this bacterial strain is early spring to autumn Mo.

5. described according to claim 1, this bacterial strain optimum feed stock is cotton seed hulls, wood chip or bamboo bits, wheat bran, corn flour, fills a prescription to be cotton seed hulls 45%, wood chip/bamboo bits 30%, wheat bran 15%, corn flour 8%, lime 1%, sugar 1%.Water content is controlled between the 55%-65%.

6. described according to claim 1, bacterium wraps in and requires thermophilic, lucifuge, ventilation, drying in the incubation.Keep about 25 ℃ of room temperatures.

7. described according to claim 1, after mycelia is covered with in bag, still must continue to cultivate a period of time, make mycelia reach physiological ripening.Ripe standard is to form block hypohostroma at the bag wall, and pressing cultivation bag with hand has depression to occur.

8. described according to claim 1, return ecologically to the tea place, when coffee garden, forest land cultivation, should process according to arrangement groove face, trench digging, bacterium bag, the steps such as the bacterium bag be put, earthing, in good time harvesting carry out.