CN103211260A - 一种增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料,它是由以下原料制成:山药提取物2~5‰、牛膝提取物0.5~2‰、生地黄提取物1~3‰、茯苓提取物1~3‰,苹果原醋15~40‰、浓缩苹果汁20~40‰、浓缩山楂汁4~10‰、蜂蜜2~8‰、三氯蔗糖0.1~0.25‰,余量为水。本发明将具有增强免疫力作用的山药、牛膝、生地黄、茯苓、菊花五种中药提取物按照科学的配量并辅以苹果原醋、苹果汁、山楂汁、蜂蜜进行合理配伍,并添加天然甜味剂三氯蔗糖进行调味,既能在免疫力低下人群控制过多糖摄入的前提下,满足对美味的口感需求,更重要的是利用了中药对人体进行对症治疗、全面调理补益以及果汁果醋的营养补充等综合作用,达到了增强免疫力的保健作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料及其制备方法。
背景技术
免疫调节剂是增强及调节免疫功能的非特异性生物制品。常用的免疫调节剂有免疫促进剂、免疫抑制剂和免疫双向调节剂三大类。人体的免疫系统是一套复杂的组织完善的系统。它有抵御细菌和病毒进入机体,帮助机体战胜病菌,恢复健康的作用。它与内分泌系统及神经系统密切相关。
西医临床上最常用的免疫增强药有胸腺肽、干扰素等,然而这类药有着严格的适应症。中医认为,免疫疾病主要与脾、肾有密切关联。肾为先天之本,脾脏是人体最大的腺器官,也是免疫细胞的主要寄居场所。脾脏的亏虚,其细胞免疫和体液免疫功能均比正常人低下。中医治病包括扶正、祛邪两大法则,即是提高其免疫能力、抑制免疫反应和调节免疫平衡的作用。
随着现代化生活节奏的加快,目前,人们的对“未病”观念开始从重治疗转向重预防,增强免疫力功能食品市场也出现从重靶向治疗的西药向重调理预防的中药市场转变的倾向。
发明内容
本发明的目的是将采用连续充气深层发酵所得的苹果醋与具有辅助增强免疫力的中药、天然营养果汁进行科学配伍、合理调配,制成一种增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料。
本发明的技术方案是:一种增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料,它是由以下原料制成:山药提取物2~5 ‰、牛膝提取物0.5~2‰、生地黄提取物1~3‰、茯苓提取物1~3‰,苹果原醋15~40‰、浓缩苹果汁20~40‰、浓缩山楂汁4~10‰、蜂蜜2~8‰、三氯蔗糖0.1~0.25‰,余量为水。
所述的增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料的制备方法,它的步骤如下:
(1)发酵原液制作,将苹果破碎榨汁,粗滤,进入浊汁罐,调整苹果汁的含糖量为13~14%,在75℃,15分钟的条件下巴氏杀菌,制成苹果汁,压力输送至酒精发酵罐;
(2)一级发酵,按苹果汁重量的0.1%接入活化的酒用活化酵母菌,于26-28℃恒温发酵7-10天,酒度为6.5%,制成苹果酒,经过滤进入醋酸发酵罐;
(3)二级发酵,按苹果酒重量的10%驯化的醋酸菌,经过搅拌、淋醋通气,进行发酵,发酵过程保持温度33-36℃,通气发酵1天,酸度为5-6%,酸度稳定,贮存,陈酿7天,再用超滤装置进行过滤,制成苹果原醋;
(4)将山药提取物、牛膝提取物、生地黄提取物、茯苓提取物于85~90℃水中预混搅拌30min,与苹果原醋、浓缩苹果汁、浓缩山楂汁、蜂蜜、三氯蔗糖搅拌混合,经200目纱布过滤后,调配定容,均质脱气,再经95℃,30min杀菌后,灌装冷却制成。
山药:味甘,性平。归脾、肺、肾经。补脾养胃,生津益肺,补肾涩精。用于脾虚食少,久泻不止,肺虚喘咳,肾虚遗精,带下,尿频,虚热消渴。怀山药具有营养滋补、诱生搅扰素、增强机体免疫力、调度内排泄、补气通脉等作用。
牛膝:味苦、酸,性平;归肝、肾经。补肝肾,强筋骨,活血通经,引火(血)下行,利尿通淋。主治祛风,活血祛瘀。
生地黄:味甘,性寒;归心、肝、肾经。有清热凉血,养阴生津的功效。治烦渴、阴虚内热,骨蒸劳热、吐血衄血,阴伤便秘。
茯苓:味甘、淡,性平;归心、肺、脾经。具有渗湿利水,健脾和胃,宁心安神的功效。
菊花:味甘苦,微寒;具有疏风清热、平肝明目之功效。主要治疗风热感冒、头痛眩晕、目赤肿痛、心胸烦热等症。
苹果醋:味酸苦性温,主入肝经血分,具有收敛、解毒、散瘀止痛、矫味的作用。苹果醋是由苹果原料经酒精发酵和醋酸发酵制成的具有酯香和果香的醋。因兼有苹果和食醋中的维生素、果胶、有机酸、氨基酸等营养成分,而具有许多苹果和食醋共有的生理保健功能。其酸性成分能疏通软化血管,杀灭病菌,增强人体的免疫和抗病毒能力,改善消化系统,清洗消化道,有助排除关节、血管及内脏器官的毒素,调节内分泌,具有明显降低血脂和排毒保健功能。醋里的大量维生素、抗氧化剂能促进新陈代谢,美白杀菌、淡化黑色素、迅速消除老化角质、补充肌肤养分及水分,活血化瘀、缩小粗糙毛孔,抗氧化,防止色斑、可令皮肤更加光滑细腻,发质柔顺。苹果醋还可使人体内过多的脂肪转移为体能消耗,并促进人体糖和蛋白质的代谢,故能控制和调节体重。果醋中含有十种以上的有机酸和人体所需的多种氨基酸,它们使有氧代谢顺畅,有利于清除沉积的乳酸,起到消除疲劳的作用。
苹果汁:性味甘酸而平、微咸,无毒,具有生津止渴、益脾止泻、和胃降逆的功效。苹果中的胶质和微量元素铬能保持血糖的稳定,苹果中的自然甜味剂也会慢慢进入血液,保持稳定的血糖和胰岛素水平。所以苹果不仅是糖尿病患者的健康小吃,而且是一切想要控制血糖的人必不可少的水果,并且它还能有效地降低胆固醇。
山楂汁:性微温,味甘酸;入脾、胃、肝经。为消食积散瘀滞的传统常用药物。现代科学研究,山楂含山楂酸、黄酮类、糖类、甙类、鞣质、蛋白质、钙、磷、铁及多种维生素等成分。可促进脂肪分解,帮助消化,还有抑菌、降血脂、强心等作用。
三氯蔗糖:现阶段中老年人是免疫力低下的一大群体,高糖高能物质致使人体营养不均,致使机体代谢功能低下,并引发高糖并发症等,因此控制糖的摄入提高免疫力的前提。三氯蔗糖是唯一以蔗糖为原料的功能性甜味剂,具有无能量,甜度高,甜味纯正,高度安全等特点,是目前最优秀的功能性甜味剂之一。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明将具有增强免疫力作用的山药、牛膝、生地黄、茯苓、菊花五种中药提取物按照科学的配量并辅以苹果原醋、苹果汁、山楂汁、蜂蜜进行合理配伍,并添加天然甜味剂三氯蔗糖进行调味,既能在免疫力低下人群控制过多糖摄入的前提下,满足对美味的口感需求,更重要的是利用了中药对人体进行对症治疗、全面调理补益以及果汁果醋的营养补充等综合作用,达到了增强免疫力的保健作用。本发明增强药疗、食补的协同增效作用,更好地引药入肝、增强药效,实现醋炙工艺的产业化。
本发明苹果醋饮料为红棕色液体,集中药香与果醋香于一身,香味纯正和谐,无异味;滋味酸甜可口,醇厚协调,余味绵长;具有一定的增强免疫力作用,无毒副作用,符合国家食品药品监督局的对此功能保健相关规定,是符合既定的生产工艺、配方及质量标准的苹果醋饮品。
本发明是中药提取物与苹果醋的完美结合,其产业化生产势必带动本地区中药种植等相关产业的发展和当地劳动力就业,实现农民收入和国家税收的相应增加;本发明是现代科学技术与传统中医文化相结合制成的,其制备方法加快了中药产业分工细化进程,节约了中药产业化成本,同时实现了中药醋炙现代化技术替代,更好地引药入肝发挥药效,解决了现阶段中药入口苦,饮用不方便,消费者接受热情低等问题,进一步拓展了药食同源材料的应用市场,促进了传统中医中药学现代化,同时增加苹果醋饮料附加值和产品多样性。
本发明认证检验结果:
①卫生学、稳定性、功效成分检测,结果表明该保健饮料感官指标符合标准要求,卫生学指标和微生物指标符合《保健食品通用标准》的要求,产品的标志性成分——总皂苷含量满足功能要求,且稳定性良好;
②安全性毒理学评价,是按照卫生部 《 保健食品检验与评价技术规范》(2003 年版)进行实验,方法及结果如下:a.用该饮料105倍人体剂量一次性经口灌胃后,无明显的中毒表现或不良反应, 2 周内无动物死亡,表明本品属无毒类。b.遗传毒性试验中, Ames 试验、小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验和小鼠精子畸形实验 3 项遗传毒理性试验均为阴性结果, 表明本品无致突变作用。c.大鼠 30 d 喂养实验, 未引起大鼠整体健康状况、生理生化功能和器官组织形态学各重要指标的异常变化。
③动物功能性试验中,选用7周龄18~22g的C57BL/6J近交系雄性小鼠40只,分为3个试验组和1个对照组进行试验。试验方法与结果:分别经口给予试验组小鼠相当于人体推荐量的 10、20、和 30 倍剂量的保健饮料 30 d 后进行测试。a.在小鼠迟发型变态反应实验中, 抗原攻击后 24 h, 30倍人体剂量组与对照组小鼠相比, 足跖肿胀度有显著性差异。b.在小鼠淋巴细胞转化实验中, 各剂量组与对照组小鼠相比, 光密度差值均有显著性差异。c.在抗体生成细胞检测实验中, 20倍和30倍人体剂量组与对照组小鼠相比, 抗体生成细胞均有显著性差异。d.在小鼠 NK 细胞活性测定实验中, 20倍和30倍人体剂量组与对照组小鼠相比, NK细胞活性率均有显著性差异。依据评价标准可认为该饮料具有增强免疫力的保健功能。
本发明是由山药提取物、牛膝提取物、生地黄提取物、茯苓提取物、菊花提取物、苹果醋、苹果汁、山楂汁、蜂蜜、三氯蔗糖、食用香精、稳定剂、纯化水为主要原料制成的保健食品,经动物功能试验证明,具有增强免疫力的保健功能。适宜人群:免疫力低下者;食用方法及食用量:口服,每日1次,每次250ml;保质期24个月;贮藏方法:密封,于阴凉、通风、干燥处;本发明不能代替药物。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料,它是由以下原料制成:以1000 kg总量为准,山药提取物2 kg、牛膝提取物0.5 kg、生地黄提取物1 kg、茯苓提取物1 kg,苹果原醋15 kg、浓缩苹果汁20 kg、浓缩山楂汁4 kg、蜂蜜2 kg、三氯蔗糖0.1 kg,余量为水。
所述的增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料的制备方法,它的步骤如下:
(1)发酵原液制作,将苹果破碎榨汁,粗滤,进入浊汁罐,调整苹果汁的含糖量为14%,在75℃,15分钟的条件下巴氏杀菌,制成苹果汁,压力输送至酒精发酵罐;
(2)一级发酵,按苹果汁重量的0.1%接入活化的酒用活化酵母菌,于28℃恒温发酵7天,酒度为6.5%,制成苹果酒,经过滤进入醋酸发酵罐;
(3)二级发酵,按苹果酒重量的10%驯化的醋酸菌,经过搅拌、淋醋通气,进行发酵,发酵过程保持温度36℃,通气发酵1天,酸度为6%,酸度稳定,贮存,陈酿7天,再用超滤装置进行过滤,制成苹果原醋;
(4)将山药提取物、牛膝提取物、生地黄提取物、茯苓提取物于90℃水中预混搅拌30min,与苹果原醋、浓缩苹果汁、浓缩山楂汁、蜂蜜、三氯蔗糖搅拌混合,经200目纱布过滤后,调配定容,均质脱气,再经95℃,30min杀菌后,灌装冷却制成。
实施例2
一种增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料,它是由以下原料制成:以1000 kg总量为准,山药提取物5 kg、牛膝提取物2 kg、生地黄提取物3 kg、茯苓提取物3 kg,苹果原醋40 kg、浓缩苹果汁40 kg、浓缩山楂汁10 kg、蜂蜜8 kg、三氯蔗糖0.25 kg,余量为水。
所述的增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料的制备方法,它的步骤如下:
(1)发酵原液制作,将苹果破碎榨汁,粗滤,进入浊汁罐,调整苹果汁的含糖量为14%,在75℃,15分钟的条件下巴氏杀菌,制成苹果汁,压力输送至酒精发酵罐;
(2)一级发酵,按苹果汁重量的0.1%接入活化的酒用活化酵母菌,于28℃恒温发酵10天,酒度为6.5%,制成苹果酒,经过滤进入醋酸发酵罐;
(3)二级发酵,按苹果酒重量的10%驯化的醋酸菌,经过搅拌、淋醋通气,进行发酵,发酵过程保持温度36℃,通气发酵1天,酸度为6%,酸度稳定,贮存,陈酿7天,再用超滤装置进行过滤,制成苹果原醋;
(4)将山药提取物、牛膝提取物、生地黄提取物、茯苓提取物于90℃水中预混搅拌30min,与苹果原醋、浓缩苹果汁、浓缩山楂汁、蜂蜜、三氯蔗糖搅拌混合,经200目纱布过滤后,调配定容,均质脱气,再经95℃,30min杀菌后,灌装冷却制成。
实施例3
一种增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料,它是由以下原料制成:以1000 kg总量为准,山药提取物4 kg、牛膝提取物1.5 kg、生地黄提取物2 kg、茯苓提取物2 kg,苹果原醋30 kg、浓缩苹果汁30 kg、浓缩山楂汁6 kg、蜂蜜5 kg、三氯蔗糖0.2 kg,余量为水。
所述的增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料的制备方法,它的步骤如下:
(1)发酵原液制作,将苹果破碎榨汁,粗滤,进入浊汁罐,调整苹果汁的含糖量为14%,在75℃,15分钟的条件下巴氏杀菌,制成苹果汁,压力输送至酒精发酵罐;
(2)一级发酵,按苹果汁重量的0.1%接入活化的酒用活化酵母菌,于26-28℃恒温发酵8天,酒度为6.5%,制成苹果酒,经过滤进入醋酸发酵罐;
(3)二级发酵,按苹果酒重量的10%驯化的醋酸菌,经过搅拌、淋醋通气,进行发酵,发酵过程保持温度35℃,通气发酵1天,酸度为6%,酸度稳定,贮存,陈酿7天,再用超滤装置进行过滤,制成苹果原醋;
(4)将山药提取物、牛膝提取物、生地黄提取物、茯苓提取物于88℃水中预混搅拌30min,与苹果原醋、浓缩苹果汁、浓缩山楂汁、蜂蜜、三氯蔗糖搅拌混合,经200目纱布过滤后,调配定容,均质脱气,再经95℃,30min杀菌后,灌装冷却制成。
实施例4
一种增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料,它是由以下原料制成:以1000 kg总量为准,山药提取物4 kg、牛膝提取物1 kg、生地黄提取物2.5 kg、茯苓提取物2 kg,苹果原醋25 kg、浓缩苹果汁35 kg、浓缩山楂汁8 kg、蜂蜜7 kg、三氯蔗糖0.15 kg,余量为水。
所述的增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料的制备方法,它的步骤如下:
(1)发酵原液制作,将苹果破碎榨汁,粗滤,进入浊汁罐,调整苹果汁的含糖量为14%,在75℃,15分钟的条件下巴氏杀菌,制成苹果汁,压力输送至酒精发酵罐;
(2)一级发酵,按苹果汁重量的0.1%接入活化的酒用活化酵母菌,于27℃恒温发酵8天,酒度为6.5%,制成苹果酒,经过滤进入醋酸发酵罐;
(3)二级发酵,按苹果酒重量的10%驯化的醋酸菌,经过搅拌、淋醋通气,进行发酵,发酵过程保持温度34℃,通气发酵1天,酸度为6%,酸度稳定,贮存,陈酿7天,再用超滤装置进行过滤,制成苹果原醋;
(4)将山药提取物、牛膝提取物、生地黄提取物、茯苓提取物于90℃水中预混搅拌30min,与苹果原醋、浓缩苹果汁、浓缩山楂汁、蜂蜜、三氯蔗糖搅拌混合,经200目纱布过滤后,调配定容,均质脱气,再经95℃,30min杀菌后,灌装冷却制成。
实施例5
一种增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料,它是由以下原料制成:以1000 kg总量为准,山药提取物5 kg、牛膝提取物2 kg、生地黄提取物1 kg、茯苓提取物1 kg,苹果原醋40 kg、浓缩苹果汁20 kg、浓缩山楂汁10 kg、蜂蜜2 kg、三氯蔗糖0.18 kg,余量为水。
所述的增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料的制备方法,它的步骤如下:
(1)发酵原液制作,以苹果为原料,挑选出个头均匀(直径55~60cm)、表面光滑、无虫蛀无破损苹果,经果槽输送,喷淋初步清洗,再经浮洗二道清洗,破碎榨汁,粗滤,进入浊汁罐,调整苹果汁的含糖量为13%~14%,巴氏杀菌(75℃, 15min),压力输送至酒精发酵罐;
(2)一级发酵,按苹果汁的0.1%接入活化的酒用活化酵母菌,于26-28℃恒温发酵,每天取样监测分析酒精度和糖度,7天后酒化基本完成(酒度为6.5%),经过滤进入醋酸发酵罐;
(3)二级发酵,将酒度为6.5%的苹果酒液接入10%驯化的醋酸菌,经过搅拌、淋醋通气,进行发酵,每4小时取样分析酒度和酸度,发酵过程保持温度33-36℃,通气发酵1天,酸度达到5%-6%,且酸度稳定,此时醋酸发酵结束;
(4)后熟、澄清,将发酵好的苹果醋贮存,陈酿7天,再用超滤装置进行过滤,此时发酵成的苹果原醋澄清透亮、果香浓郁;
(5)将山药提取物、牛膝提取物、生地黄提取物、茯苓提取物于85~90℃水中预混搅拌30min,与经二次发酵的苹果原醋、浓缩苹果汁、浓缩山楂汁、蜂蜜、三氯蔗糖搅拌混合,经200目纱布初步过滤后,调配定容,均质脱气,再经95℃,30min杀菌后,灌装冷却制成。
上述实施例中,山药提取物(规格 8:1)购自宁波立华生物科技有限公司;牛膝提取物(规格 10:1)、生地黄提取物(规格 10:1)、茯苓提取物(规格 10:1)购自陕西中鑫生物技术有限公司;浓缩苹果汁(规格 7:1)购自孟州淼雨果蔬业有限公司;浓缩山楂汁(规格 6:1)购自河北韩氏食品有限公司;蜂蜜购自忻州市五台山蜂业有限公司。
Claims (2)
1. 一种增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料,其特征在于,它是由以下原料制成:山药提取物2~5 ‰、牛膝提取物0.5~2‰、生地黄提取物1~3‰、茯苓提取物1~3‰,苹果原醋15~40‰、浓缩苹果汁20~40‰、浓缩山楂汁4~10‰、蜂蜜2~8‰、三氯蔗糖0.1~0.25‰,余量为水。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的增强免疫力苹果醋保健饮料的制备方法,其特征在于,它的步骤如下:
(1)发酵原液制作,将苹果破碎榨汁,粗滤,进入浊汁罐,调整苹果汁的含糖量为13~14%,在75℃,15分钟的条件下巴氏杀菌,制成苹果汁,压力输送至酒精发酵罐;
(2)一级发酵,按苹果汁重量的0.1%接入活化的酒用活化酵母菌,于26-28℃恒温发酵7-10天,酒度为6.5%,制成苹果酒,经过滤进入醋酸发酵罐;
(3)二级发酵,按苹果酒重量的10%驯化的醋酸菌,经过搅拌、淋醋通气,进行发酵,发酵过程保持温度33-36℃,通气发酵1天,酸度为5-6%,酸度稳定,贮存,陈酿7天,再用超滤装置进行过滤,制成苹果原醋;
(4)将山药提取物、牛膝提取物、生地黄提取物、茯苓提取物于85~90℃水中预混搅拌30min,与苹果原醋、浓缩苹果汁、浓缩山楂汁、蜂蜜、三氯蔗糖搅拌混合,经200目纱布过滤后,调配定容,均质脱气,再经95℃,30min杀菌后,灌装冷却制成。
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