CN103081673B - Cherry tomato cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cherry tomato cultivation method. The method comprises the following steps of: selecting a cultivation environment, arranging crops for rotation, cultivating, performing topdressing and pest control and the like, and finally, harvesting cherry tomatoes. The cultivation method is simple, has the advantages of low cost, high yield and the like and is suitable for large-scale cultivation.

Description

A kind of cultivation method of cherry and tomato

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation method of cherry and tomato, belong to the culture technique field of vegetables.

Background technology

Cherry and tomato, not only can vegetables but also can fruit, approximately 1～3 centimetre of fruit diameter, scarlet green, taste is fresh and sweet, seedless, mouthfeel is good, be of high nutritive value and unique flavor, edible make the best of both worlds with viewing and admiring, favored by consumers in general, after lower 70 days, fruit can be ripe to plant seed, can pluck continuously 3 months, more than 4000 kilogram of per mu yield, profitable.

Before 2000, just there is tomato in China greatly, the tomato of China plantation from Europe and Southeast Asia import into, in the fruit spectrum appendix of " Guang Qunfang Pu " of the Qing Dynasty, just there is " kind persimmon " to record: " stem is like wormwood artemisia; high four or five chis; Ye Siai; Hua Siliu; knot five is real or three or four real ... draft also, comes westerly kind, therefore named ", to 20 beginnings of the century, city suburbs start to have cultivation edible, and Chinese cultivated tomato, developed rapidly at the beginning of the fifties, tomato except do vegetables edible, also make fresh fruit edible.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivation method of cherry and tomato, cultivation method of the present invention is simple, has cost low, and output advantages of higher is applicable to extensive cultivation.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme:

(1) planting environment is selected:

Soil layer is deep, within 3 years, do not plant above solanaceous crops, without the field of bacterial wilt, soil plough horizon is deep, physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil structure is suitable, fertilizer, 8-10 kilogram slow-release carbamide, 2-3 kilogram potassium sulfate, 10-12 kilogram calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-3 kilogram manganese sulphate, 50-80 kilogram bamboo charcoal, 50-80 kilogram willow sawdust, 20-30 kilogram Iron-ore Slag, the 2-3 kilogram quicklimes such as every mu of soil application 1000-1500 kilogram of farmers''s cow dung, pig manure, and the soil of upper soll layer 10-15 centimetre is mixed thoroughly;

(2) crops for rotation arrangement: one batch of cherry and tomato 1 year, in sowing mid-October then, field planting mid-February next year, the kind of gathering at the beginning of 5 months;

(3) cultivation:

A: cultivation season: cherry and tomato is spring cultivation, spring cultivation utilizes booth or cold bed seeding and seedling raising in the late October of last year, field planting at the bottom of late Febuary in next year, the cultivation of protection ground can be compared with open country field planting in 20～40 days ahead of time, at the beginning of 5 months listing phases;

B: seedling growing process: the water of revealing the exact details is watered before broadcasting in seedbed, broadcasts the thick 1.0-1.5cm of rear earthing, above mulching straw, then by seedbed sealed thermal insulating moisturizing, until emerge, grow seedlings winter with booth cover hut, can safe overwintering;

(4) field production technology:

A: whole ground: soil is turned over deeply, raked after broken and do furrow, the wide approximately 80～90cm of furrow, furrow width 30～40cm, deeply 25cm;

B: field planting: field planting in spring can be in mid or late Febuary field planting, is chosen in fine steady day and carries out, and selects well developed root system, and the healthy seedling field planting that stem stalk is sturdy, hinders root less, and nutritive cube is loose sticking together not, every furrow field planting 2 row, spacing in the rows 25-30cm;

C: built training: in the time of height of seedling 25cm, just built is tied up climing in time, tie up climing degree of tightness and want appropriateness, indeterminate growth type kind generally adopts single stalk training, in the whole process of growth of plant, only stay 1 major branch, other all side shoots are all plucked in time, and self sealing top type or intermediate form kind be suitable pair of stalk training, except staying major branch, stay a side shoot under the first inflorescence, all the other side shoots are all plucked again;

D: rich water quality management: do not need to topdress, high temperature, arid season should be irrigated in time, ditch cleaning draining in rainy season; After field planting, spray a foliage fertilizer every 1-2 week, foliage fertilizer is converted 500-800 times of water and is sprayed, and foliage fertilizer is mixed by the raw material of following weight portion: ferrous sulfate 2-3, borax 0.5-1.0, ammonium molybdate 0.2-0.3, zinc sulphate 1-2, brassinosteroid 0.002-0.003, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 0.001-0.002;

(5) damage by disease and insect pests occurrence rule and control: cherry and tomato process of growth, gray mold, leaf mold their early stage are watered and spray with 50% mould Trane wetting powder 48-52 gram/acre or 1000 times of liquid;

(6) gather: turn red or completely red at fruit 2/3 and pluck when ripe; Long distance transportation is sold and should suitably early be adopted, and turns when white or 1/3 fruit turns red and gathers at fruit.

The cultivation method of described cherry and tomato, the slow-release carbamide described in it is characterized in that is prepared by the following method:

(1), take sodium rice carbon and feldspar in powder, the part by weight of the two is 0.1:1-2;

(2), feldspar in powder is calcined to 4-5 hour at 400-450 ℃, feldspar in powder, sodium rice carbon are mixed, add again and be equivalent in feldspar in powder weight 4-5 water doubly, add the liquefied petrolatum, the paregal O of 1-2%, the wintergreen of 4-5%, the carboxymethyl cellulose of 3-4%, the 3-5% aluminium hydroxide that are equivalent to feldspar in powder weight 2-3%, high speed 1200-1500 rev/min of stirring, obtains dispersion liquid;

(3), dispersion liquid is sprayed at outside urea granules to oven dry;

(4), can be again at the particle pyrethroid mixture of spraying again outward, then dry, also can not spray.Advantage of the present invention:

The advantages such as cultivation method of the present invention is simple, has cost low, and yield is high, convenient management, are applicable to extensive cultivation.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1: the cultivation method of cherry and tomato, comprises the following steps:

(1) planting environment is selected:

Soil layer is deep, within 3 years, do not plant above solanaceous crops, without the field of bacterial wilt, soil plough horizon is deep, physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil structure is suitable, fertilizer, 8-10 kilogram slow-release carbamide, 2-3 kilogram potassium sulfate, 10-12 kilogram calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-3 kilogram manganese sulphate, 50-80 kilogram bamboo charcoal, 50-80 kilogram willow sawdust, 20-30 kilogram Iron-ore Slag, the 2-3 kilogram quicklimes such as every mu of soil application 1000-1500 kilogram of farmers''s cow dung, pig manure, and the soil of upper soll layer 10-15 centimetre is mixed thoroughly;

(2) crops for rotation arrangement: one batch of cherry and tomato 1 year, in sowing mid-October then, field planting mid-February next year, the kind of gathering at the beginning of 5 months;

(3) cultivation:

A: cultivation season: cherry and tomato is spring cultivation, spring cultivation utilizes booth or cold bed seeding and seedling raising in the late October of last year, field planting at the bottom of late Febuary in next year, the cultivation of protection ground can be compared with open country field planting in 20～40 days ahead of time, at the beginning of 5 months listing phases;

B: seedling growing process: the water of revealing the exact details is watered before broadcasting in seedbed, broadcasts the thick 1.0-1.5cm of rear earthing, above mulching straw, then by seedbed sealed thermal insulating moisturizing, until emerge, grow seedlings winter with booth cover hut, can safe overwintering;

(4) field production technology:

A: whole ground: soil is turned over deeply, raked after broken and do furrow, the wide approximately 80～90cm of furrow, furrow width 30～40cm, deeply 25cm;

B: field planting: field planting in spring can be in mid or late Febuary field planting, is chosen in fine steady day and carries out, and selects well developed root system, and the healthy seedling field planting that stem stalk is sturdy, hinders root less, and nutritive cube is loose sticking together not, every furrow field planting 2 row, spacing in the rows 25-30cm;

C: built training: in the time of height of seedling 25cm, just built is tied up climing in time, tie up climing degree of tightness and want appropriateness, indeterminate growth type kind generally adopts single stalk training, in the whole process of growth of plant, only stay 1 major branch, other all side shoots are all plucked in time, and self sealing top type or intermediate form kind be suitable pair of stalk training, except staying major branch, stay a side shoot under the first inflorescence, all the other side shoots are all plucked again;

D: rich water quality management: do not need to topdress, high temperature, arid season should be irrigated in time, ditch cleaning draining in rainy season; After field planting, every a foliage fertilizer of spray in 2 weeks, foliage fertilizer is converted 500 times of water and is sprayed, and foliage fertilizer is mixed by the raw material of following weight portion: ferrous sulfate 3, borax 0.5, ammonium molybdate 0.2, zinc sulphate 2, brassinosteroid 0.002, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 0.002;

(5) damage by disease and insect pests occurrence rule and control: cherry and tomato process of growth, gray mold, leaf mold their early stage are watered and spray with 50% mould Trane wetting powder 48-52 gram/acre or 1000 times of liquid;

(6) gather: turn red or completely red at fruit 2/3 and pluck when ripe; Long distance transportation is sold and should suitably early be adopted, and turns when white or 1/3 fruit turns red and gathers at fruit.

Slow-release carbamide can outsourcing, also can prepare by the following method:

(1), take sodium rice carbon and feldspar in powder, the part by weight of the two is 0.1:1-2;

(2), feldspar in powder is calcined to 4-5 hour at 400-450 ℃, feldspar in powder, sodium rice carbon are mixed, add again in the water that is equivalent to 5 times of feldspar in powder weight, add and be equivalent to the liquefied petrolatum of feldspar in powder weight 3%, 1% paregal O, 4% wintergreen, 4% carboxymethyl cellulose, 3% aluminium hydroxide, high speed 1200-1500 rev/min of stirring, obtains dispersion liquid;

(3), dispersion liquid is sprayed at outside urea granules to oven dry;

(4), can be again at the particle pyrethroid mixture of spraying again outward, then dry, also can not spray.

Utilize compared with the product that cherry and tomato product that above-mentioned complex art is produced produces with usual manner, output improves more than 40%, and product lover, has following advantage:

Claims (2)

1. a cultivation method for cherry and tomato, is characterized in that comprising following content:

(1) planting environment is selected:

Within 3 years, do not plant above solanaceous crops, without the field of bacterial wilt, soil plough horizon is deep, physical features is smooth, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil structure is suitable, every mu of soil application 1000-1500 kilogram of farmers''s cow dung, pig manure, 8-10 kilogram slow-release carbamide, 2-3 kilogram potassium sulfate, 10-12 kilogram calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-3 kilogram manganese sulphate, 50-80 kilogram bamboo charcoal, 50-80 kilogram willow sawdust, 20-30 kilogram Iron-ore Slag, 2-3 kilogram quicklime, and the soil of upper soll layer 10-15 centimetre is mixed thoroughly;

(2) crops for rotation arrangement: one batch of cherry and tomato 1 year, in sowing mid-October then, field planting mid-February next year, the kind of gathering at the beginning of 5 months;

(3) cultivation:

A: cultivation season: cherry and tomato is spring cultivation, spring cultivation utilizes booth or cold bed seeding and seedling raising in the late October of last year, field planting at the bottom of late Febuary in next year, the cultivation of protection ground can be compared with open country field planting in 20～40 days ahead of time, at the beginning of 5 months listing phases;

B: seedling growing process: the water of revealing the exact details is watered before broadcasting in seedbed, broadcasts the thick 1.0-1.5cm of rear earthing, above mulching straw, then by seedbed sealed thermal insulating moisturizing, until emerge, grow seedlings winter with booth cover hut, can safe overwintering;

(4) field production technology:

A: whole ground: soil is turned over deeply, raked after broken and do furrow, the wide approximately 80～90cm of furrow, furrow width 30～40cm, deeply 25cm;

B: field planting: field planting in spring can be in mid or late Febuary field planting, is chosen in fine day and carries out, and selects well developed root system, and the healthy seedling field planting that stem stalk is sturdy, hinders root less, and nutritive cube is loose sticking together not, every furrow field planting 2 row, spacing in the rows 25-30cm;

C: built training: in the time of height of seedling 25cm, just built is tied up climing in time, tie up climing degree of tightness and want appropriateness, indeterminate growth type kind generally adopts single stalk training, in the whole process of growth of plant, only stay 1 major branch, other all side shoots are all plucked in time, and self sealing top type or intermediate form kind be suitable pair of stalk training, except staying major branch, stay a side shoot under the first inflorescence, all the other side shoots are all plucked again;

D: rich water quality management: do not need to topdress, high temperature, arid season should be irrigated in time, ditch cleaning draining in rainy season; After field planting, spray a foliage fertilizer every 1-2 week, foliage fertilizer is converted 500-800 times of water and is sprayed, and foliage fertilizer is mixed by the raw material of following weight portion: ferrous sulfate 2-3, borax 0.5-1.0, ammonium molybdate 0.2-0.3, zinc sulphate 1-2, brassinosteroid 0.002-0.003, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 0.001-0.002;

(6) damage by disease and insect pests occurrence rule and control: cherry and tomato process of growth, gray mold, leaf mold their early stage are watered and spray with 50% mould Trane wetting powder 48-52 gram/acre or 1000 times of liquid;

(7) gather: turn red or completely red at fruit 2/3 and pluck when ripe; Long distance transportation is sold and should suitably early be adopted, and turns when white or 1/3 fruit turns red and gathers at fruit.

2. the cultivation method of cherry and tomato according to claim 1, the slow-release carbamide described in it is characterized in that is prepared by the following method:

(1), take sodium rice carbon and feldspar in powder, the part by weight of the two is 0.1:1-2;

(2), feldspar in powder is calcined to 4-5 hour at 400-450 ℃, feldspar in powder, sodium rice carbon are mixed, add again and be equivalent in feldspar in powder weight 4-5 water doubly, add the liquefied petrolatum, the paregal O of 1-2%, the wintergreen of 4-5%, the carboxymethyl cellulose of 3-4%, the 3-5% aluminium hydroxide that are equivalent to feldspar in powder weight 2-3%, high speed 1200-1500 rev/min of stirring, obtains dispersion liquid;

(3), dispersion liquid is sprayed at outside urea granules to oven dry;

(4), can be again at the particle pyrethroid mixture of spraying again outward, then dry, also can not spray.